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Status of Rare Isotope Science Project in Korea
FB20 (Japan)
Status of Rare Isotope Science Project in Korea
FB20 (Japan)
08. 24. 2012
Young Kwan Kwon
The Institute for Basic Science
Young Kwan Kwon
The Institute for Basic Science
Brief History of RISP
• International Science Business Belt plan (2009.1) • The Institute for Basic Science is the core institute of
the ISBB plan• Under the IBS, a heavy ion accelerator facility is built –
The Rare Isotope Science Project (main research facility!)
• Preliminary Design Study (2009.3 - 2010.2)• Conceptual Design study (2010.3 - 2011.2)• International Advisory Committee (2011.7)• Institute for Basic Science(IBS) established (2011.11)• Rare Isotope Science Project(RISP) launched (2011.12)• Technical Advisory Committee (2012.5)• Baseline Design Summary (2012.6)• International Advisory Committee (2012.7)
1
LocationLocation
Daejeon
2
Bird’s-Eye View of IBS
3
Bird’s-Eye View of Accelerator Facility 4
Making Rare Isotope Beams
IF(In-Flight Fragmentation)Stable Heavy ion beam thin target projectile fragmentation (high energy)
ISOL(Isotope Separator On-Line)p thick target (eg. Uranium Carbide) target spallation or fission (low energy)
RI Ions Reacceleration
RI ion beam
Stopping
RI Beam
Fast BeamExperiment
Stopped Beam Experiment
(Traps)
CyclotronCyclotronProton 70 MeV, 70 kWProton 70 MeV, 70 kW
Driver LINACDriver LINACHeavy ion Heavy ion e.g. U : 200MeV/u, 200 kWe.g. U : 200MeV/u, 200 kW
5
RISP Accelerator ComplexECR-IS (10keV/u, 12 pμA)
LEBT
RFQ (300keV/u, 9.5 pμA)
MEBT
SCL1 (18.5MeV/u, 9.5 pμA)
SCL2 (200MeV/u, 8.3 pμA for U+78)(600MeV, 660 μA for p)
SCL3 (18.5MeV/u)
ECR-IS
RFQMEBT CB HRMS
RFCooler
ISOLTarget
Cyclotron (p, 70 MeV, 1mA)
IF Target
Fragment Separator
ChargeStripper
Driver Linac
Post AcceleratorIF system
ISOL system
μSRMedical research
Atom/Ion Trap Gas Catcher
High Energy ExperimentsNuclear StructureSymmetry Energy
Low Energy ExperimentsNuclear AstrophysicsMaterial Scienceβ-NMR
LEBT
High intensity RI beams by ISOL & IF70kW ISOL : direct fission of 238U by 70MeV, 1mA p400kW IF by 200MeV/u, 8.3pμA 238U
High quality neutron-rich RI beams132Sn with up to ~250MeV/u, up to 108 pps
More exotic RI beams by ISOL+IF
6
Accelerator System
Accelerator Driver Linac Post Acc. Cyclotron
Particle proton U+79 RI beam proton
Beam energy 600 MeV 200 MeV/u 18.5 MeV/u 70 MeV
Beam current 660μA 8.3 pμA - 1 mA
Power on target 400 kW 400 kW - 70 kW
Beam Parameters of Accelerator System
7
Rare Isotope Nuclear Science“Nuclear science is entering a new era of discovery in understanding how nature works at the most basic level and in applying that knowledge in useful ways”. - National Academy 2007 RISAC Report -
Double Magic 132Sn
rapid n-capture process (r-process)
Symmetry studies with FrSuper heavy element
Weakening of shell structure
Fission limits
Large neutron excess
Origin of heavy elements
Limit of nuclear stability?
Number of neutron
Num
ber o
f pro
ton
Known nuclei(yellow)
Stable nuclei(black)
In periodic table- Elements: ~100 - Stable isotopes: ~300- Unstable isotopes: ~ 3000Unknown isotopes: about 3000~6000 estimated
8
Base chart of the nuclei from RIA white paper
Nuclear structure 9
Discover unknown isotopesBetter understanding of system of nucleons at wide variation in the chart of nuclei
Number of neutron
Num
ber o
f pro
ton
Known nuclei(yellow)
Stable nuclei(black)
Discovery of unknown isotope
Neutron halo (6He)
Super heavy element
Origin of heavy elements
Nuclear astrophysicsTo understand the role of unstable nuclei in the nucleosynthesis
10
NebulaStar
Giant star
Red giant star
Red supergiant star
Planetarynebula
Supernova
Whitedwarf
Neutronstar
Black hall
Life Cycle of a Star
Synthesis of light nuclei
Synthesis of heavy nuclei
1) Study of the abundances and formation processes of elements in the stars
2) Identifying the formation process of energy generated in the stars
3) Identifying the structure of extreme neutron rich nuclides regarded as existing in the neutron star or super giant stars and their properties
Nuclear matter
Symmetry Energy of nuclei far from stability Neutron skin thickness, isovector giant dipole resonance,...The explosion of supernovae and formation of neutron starInner structure of neutron star
…
Heavy ion flowsProperty of hadron at dense neutron regionEquation of state (EOS) for hot and dense nuclear matter
Dense nuclear matter (Neutron star)
Hot nuclear matter(Bigbang, early of universe)
11
To understand the origin of matter, its evolution and overall structure of the universe
γ
γ
3. PET Image by Pair Annihilation
1. Bragg Peak of Heavy Ion Beam
2. Secondary Effect by Alpha Particledue to Rare Isotope Beam
Rare Isotope Beam
12Bio Medical Research
This cartoon referred to the brochure that was written by: Jeff E. Sonier Simon Fraser University Department of Physics 8888 University Drive Burnaby, British Columbia Canada V5A 1S6 e-mail: [email protected]
13Material Science
Key Science Drivers of RISP
• Highest priority research subjects– Nuclear reaction experiments important to nuclear-astrophysics : e.g.
15O(a,γ)19Ne, 45V(p,γ)46Cr– Search for super heavy elements : Z ~ 120– Nuclear structure of n-rich RI near N=126 – Nuclear symmetry energy at sub-saturation density
• Important applied science researches– Precision mass measurement & Laser spectroscopy– Material science : β-NMR, μ-SR– Medical and bio-science– Nuclear data for Gen-IV NPP and nuclear waste transmutation
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Rare Isotope Beams
RI beam (ISOL)D
e-ex
cita
tion
by e
vapo
rtat
ionR
I bea
m(IF
)
Rar
e Is
otop
e B
eam
s
Origin of elements
Explore new element
RI beam application
Experiments by Using RI Beams 15
Selected RI beams for System Design 16
RI Beam species Energy Range Desired Intensity [pps] Research fields
132Sn, 144Xe > 100 A MeV 108, 106 Nuclear structure
15O < 10 A MeV< 30 keV
1010
108
Nuclear astrophysicsMaterial Science
26mAl < 15 A MeV 107 Nuclear astrophysics
45V 0.6-2.25 A MeV 107 – 109 Nuclear astrophysics
68Ni, 106Sn, 132Sn, 140, 142Xe 10-250 A MeV 109 Symmetry energy
6,8He, 12Be, 24-30O 50-100 A MeV 109 Nuclear Study with Polarized target
17N, 17B, 12B, 14-15B, 31-32Al, 34K 50-100 A MeV 109 Nuclear Study with
Polarized RI beam64Ni, 58Fe (stable) A few A MeV 1012 SHE
8Li, 11Be, 17Ne < 30 keV 108 Material science
133-140Sn < 60 keV 1 Atomic physics
8B, 9-11C, 15O ≥ 200 A MeV 107 – 109 Medical and Bio science
Essential experimental systems 17
Nuclear Structure
Nuclear Matter
Nuclear Astrophysics
Atomic physics
Nuclear data by fast neutrons
Material science
Medical and Bio sciences
Large Acceptance Spectrometer
Recoil Spectrometer
Atom & Ion Trap System
neutron Time-of-Flight (n-ToF)
β-NMR/NQR, mu-SRLaser Selective Ionizer
Heavy Ion Irradiation Facility
High resolution Detector System
- Design of the experimental facilities in conceptual level- User training program with the international collaboration
Recoil Spectrometer 18
Available experiments at the RISP Recoil Spectrometer
System requirements
Maximum magnetic rigidity (T·m)
Mass resolution (ΔM/M)
Momentum resolution (Δp/p)
Angular acceptance (mrad)
Background reduction
~ 1.5
< 0.5 %
~ 0.05 %
< ± 100
< 10-15
Physics topics Measurements
rp-process radiative capture, transfer reaction, elastic/inelastic scattering
s- & r-process transfer reaction (d,p), decay measurement
neutron drip line studies, halo nuclei transfer reaction, scattering
proton drip line studies transfer reaction, fusion-evaporation reaction
Main facility for nuclear and nuclear-astro physics exp. with low E beams
Wien Filter
F0F1 F2
F3
F4
F5F6
Low energy beam scheme
Low E experimental hall up to 18MeV/nucleon
n-rich RI beams (A= 80~140) from ISOL
Wien Filter
F0F1 F2
F3
F4
F5F6
- (d,p) reactions for r-process- Recoil tagging by recoil spectrometer
RI beams
Recoil tagging
Reaction
- ΔE-E telescope array @ F0
RI beams Recoils
Detectorsprotons
Experiments using RI beams (I)
SHE search with SI beams (64Ni, 58Fe)
- Hot fusion reactions : (Actinide target) + (intense SI beams) Z=116~122
232Th + 58Fe → 290-x116 + xn, 232Th + 64Ni → 296-x118 + xn244Pu + 58Fe → 299120 + 3n, 238U + 64Ni → 299120 + 3n
19
Experiments using RI beams (II)Recoil separation with p-rich RI beams from ISOL system
Wien Filter
F0F1 F2
F3
F4
F5F6
- radiative capture reactions : (p,γ), (α,γ) reactions- background reduction ~ 10-15
- gamma-array @ F0, recoil detection @ F6
RI beams
Recoil separationReaction
RI beams Recoils
Gamma-arrayγ-rays
Recoil detection
20
RI beam production and ExperimentsBy in-flight method
Wien Filter
F0F1 F2
F3
F4
F5F6
- SI beams (up to 18 AMeV) - RI beam production (up to A~80) @ F0 and separation: cannot be produced via U-fission
- Intensity > 106 pps- Purity ~ 100%
SI beams
RI beams
Production reaction
Secondary reaction - elastic/inelastic scattering- transfer reaction - (α,p) reaction
up to A~80
21
Large Acceptance Spectrometer 22
Physics goalSensitivity of observables for symmetry energy
• Pygmy Dipole Resonance• Flow• Particle yield and ratio (e.g p/n, π-/π+, 3H/3He, etc.)• Etc.
With state beam (238U up to 200A MeV) & unstable beam (132Sn up to 250A MeV)
E < 20A MeV E > 20A MeV
Precision mass measurementPrecision mass measurement
Atomic and nuclear physics
Combined collinear laser spectroscopyCombined collinear laser spectroscopy
DeflectorCharge
Exchange Cell
Optical Detection/Pumping/
IonizationDeflector
Ion beam
LaserTo other exp.
Deflector β-NMR
Ion Detection
Double MOT system for Standard Model testDouble MOT system for Standard Model test
23
Magnet
Cold Finger Cryostat
Window
Energy controller
Pumping System
Beam Focusing
Detector
Target (RF coil)
β-NMR
Target PureIon
Source
Laser System
Radioactive IsotopeLaser Spectroscopy
Radiation Shield
Pumping Laser sys.
Dye or Ti:SLaser Sys
HarmonicGenerator
Laser Controller
High purity laser ion source
β-NMR/NQR and μSRHigh purity laser ion source
Material Science 24
μSR
Beam line design- Electromagnet and power supply system- Beam diagnostics system- Vacuum system- Cooling system - Sample target system- Control system
25
Applied beam line
Bio-Medical Science
Specification- Irradiation from perpendicular beam line- Beam irradiation size : 5~20 cm- Beam window for atmosphere irradiation- Cooling system to prevent heat - Beam energy degrader for control
LoIs from domestic users
Science classification• Nuclear science• Atomic & Molecular science• Material science• Medical & Bio science
Facility specifications• Beam specifications
(energy, intensity, pulse width …)• Specifications of experimental facilities
Refinement• Based on Realistic modificationof specifications
• LoIs for specified experiments (domestic + foreign)
R&D and Installation• Spectrometer• Detection system• Beam line• Apparatus for applied sciences
DayDay--1 experiments1 experiments
Upgrade and extensionUpgrade and extension
• Science program with RI beams up to 200 AMeV
• 83 LoI’s (nuclear/astrophysics, nuclear data, standard model, biomedical, mass measurement, material science, ERD analysis)
2009
2010~
2011
2011~
2013
2013~
2017
2018
2012~
2013
We are here!!!
Plan for RI science at RISP 26
Schedule
BaselineDesignSummary
TechnicalDesignReport
Main ComponentProductionStart
InstallationStart
27
We are here!!
Thank you for your attention