status and prospective of dam safety …

STATUS AND PROSPECTIVE OF DAMSAFETY MANAGEMENT IN VIETNAM

Institute for Hydro power and Renewable energyBangkok, December 2019

ContentI. Water resources in Viet NamII. Water Management StructureIII. Dam Safety ManagementIV. Challenges and Counter Measurement

Surface water

• 2360 river of >10km length

• 7/9 main rivers of Viet Nam passthrough 2-5 countries

• 17 main catchment of >1000km2divided into 1556 sub-catchmentsof 100km2

• Total annual surface flow is 850billion m3/year. In which 62billion m3 stored by reservoirs

I. Water resources in Viet Nam

Figure 1. River network of Viet Nam

II. Water Management Structure

4 administrative levels: national, provincial/city, district and commune

Figure 2. Organization structure ofViet Nam WR management

(2017, 2030 Water resources group)

II. Water Management Structure – Key Legal

Milestone Description of Key legal and regulatory framework related to water

2013 Law on Water Resources (Revised 2013)

2014 Law on construction

2005 Law on Environmental Protection

2017 Law on Irrigation

2016 Adjusted decree on payment for environmental service: increased fee of PES for hydropowerand water supply

2018 Decree on dam safety management

(2017, 2030 Water resources group)

II. Water Management Structure – Key RegulatoryDescription of Key legal and regulatory framework related to dam safety

1 Standards related to investigate

2 Standards related to design

3 Standards related to build

4 Standards related to operation

2010 TCVN 8412:2010: Hydraulic structure - Guideline for setting operation procedure

2010 TCVN 8414:2010: Hydraulic structure – Procedure for Management, Operation, and Inspectionof reservoir

5 Standards related to lower safety

2015 TCKT 03:2015: Guidelines for inundation mapping in cases of emergency flood release and damfailure

6 Standards related to evaluation

2018 TCVN 11699:2018: Hydraulic structure – Dam safety assessment

Dams belong to MOIT

- Capacity > 500 MCM : 18 Reservoirs



- Capacity < 10 MCM : 18 Reservoirs

- Total Hydro Power dams: >330

Hoabinh Dam

LaiChau Dam

Hoabinh Dam

III. Dam Safety Management

Dams belong to MARD- Capacity >100 MCM: 16 (0.24%)

- Capacity (10 ~100) MCM: 87 (1.31%)

- Capacity > (5 ~10) MCM: 68 (1.02%)

- Capacity > (3 ~5) MCM: 84 (1.26%)

- Capacity > (1 ~3) MCM: 549 (6.6%)

- Capacity > (0.2 ~1.0) MCM: 16 (26.4%)

- Capacity < 0.2 MCM: 16 (62.87%)

- Total: 6755 dams CUADAT Dam: The Biggest dam(belong to MARD)

- Type: Rock fill with concrete face- Height: 118m- Crest Long: 987m- Capacity: 1,45 Billion CM- Hydro power capacity: 97 MW

Note: Budget Invested for Dam safetyprogram from now on:

- Dam safety Projects ( funded byGovernment form 2010-2020): 16.000Billion VND (~800 Million USD);

- Dam safety Project (ODA from WB)-(2018-2022): ~400 Million USD


OFFICE OF DAMS SAFETY MANAGEMENT

MARD OWNERTOTAL: 6.755, including:

178 Dams with gate control;6.069 Dams with open channel spillway419 Diversion Dam

MOIT OWNERTOTAL: >330 DAMS

OTHER OWNERTOTAL: >200

Belong to Private Sector

For Tourist, Mining wastes,

WATER RESOURCESDEPARTMENT

DAM SAFETYDIVISION

PROVINCECOMMITIES

4 big dams

IrrigationCompanies

SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTMANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT

EVN

Hydro powerowners

BIG DAMS

Province DOIT

PROVINCECOMMITIES

Dam Owners


Earth Fill dam (Dong Dang-Lang Son) because of over topping

Small reservoir with nature overflow, no management road(Lang Chu Lake - Thanh Hoa)

Seepage incident at Am Chua dam - Khanh Hoa

Break overflow on Boc Nguyen lake - Ha Tinh

DAM BROKEN (MARD)


HOHO DAM – BECAUSE OF STELL GATES PROBEMS Hydro Power Dam (Ia Krel 2) because of Leakage

Hydropower Dam (Đakrong 3) during construction Hydro Power Dam (Đắk Mek 3) during construction

DAM BROKEN (MOIT)


1-Institutional Strengthening

1-1) Performance managementdocumentary tools

a) Laws and Documentaries under Law

b) TCVN standards and codes

c) Technical Manual and handbooks

1-2) Performance organizations

a) Establish Dam safety Division in WRD (MARD); DamSafety Division in MOIT

b) Establish Dam Safety Consulting Boards in Central Org.(MARD, MOIT)

c) Establish Dam Safety Consulting Boards in Provinced) Big dams are operated by particular rules and

companies:o HoaBinh, SonLa, Lai Chau, … operated by EVNo CuaDat, DauTieng, TaTrach,… operated by WRD

e) Irrigation companies are controlled by ProvinceCommittees (before belong to PDARD)

1-3) Information worka) Web sites, Communication, ….

b) Dam safety training and Seminar (Local andInternational)

DAM SAFETY ACTIVITIES


2- Management Tools- R&D

2-1) Building systems forMonitoring and supportingmanagement (Hardware,Software, Database, …)

a) Building a Real-time monitoring and acquisitionsystems (under construction)

b) Database Collection Platforms (under construction)

c) Software for making operation decisions anddownstream surveillance (under construction)

d) Platforms (under construction) for:Dam Safety Engineering Preparedness (EPP), andEmergency Action Plans (EAP)

2-2) Revise- Reconditioned amonitoring instrumentsinstalled in dams




3- Forecasting and Operation Tools – R&D

3.1 Hydrology forecasting and making decision

SCADA Project funded by JICA for Huong River Catchment


Up level of dam crest

Low water level before flood season

Existing SpillwayExtra depth

Existing dam

Flood control storage

Flood level

Normal water level

Existing dam

Flood level

Before flood water levelNormal water levelFlood control storage

Existing Spillway Secondary Spillway

Existing SpillwayExtra width

Existing SpillwayExtra depth

Gate

A- Traditional methods

4- Reduce overtopping risks- R&D3.2 Emergency Spillway

Existing dam

Flood control storageFlood level

Normal water level

Dam crest Armor dam

Spillway lays on downstream slope

Flug gate

B- New methods


DAM SAFETY ACTIVITIES4- Applying Methods for detect un-visuable risks- R&D

Ø Field research / soil survey

Ø Ground radar penetration

Ø Digital inspection


CHALENGES:

- Climate Change increase rain fall peaks

- Infrastructures in downstream createobstructs for flow and surveillances

- Many dams are too old but lack ofbudget for maintenance and repair

- Irrigation Companies have not enoughpower in the manner of financial andhuman sources.

- Lack of suitable technologies to detectun-seen faults and measures toefficiently rescue

COUNTER MEASUREMENT:

- Performance institutional issues (cont.)

- Seeking financial sources for damupgrading and maintenances (from ODA,Gov., …);

- Performance and Strengthening ofdam management in all level fromCentral Organizations to Dam Owners;

- Training and Seminar on issues of DamSafety (Push up more);

- International Exchange on Dam Safety(form ICOLD, Lakang- Mekong Project, ..)

- Learning experiences from China in theway to establish Dam Safety Center andhow to operate this kind of Center.

IV. CHALENGES AND COUNTER MEASUREMENT

CHINA-VIETNAM PARTNERSHIP ON DAM SAFETY - PROSPECTIVE

Vietnam side’s expectation:- Learning experiences from China in the

way to establish Dam Safety Center andhow to operate this kind of Center.

- Have more and priority supports fromChina in Lankang – Mekong Project in:

Ø Support for Vietnam Dam SafetyCenter: Equipment, Facilities forDam Safety Inspection in the field;Laboratory Instruments andTraining;

Ø Transfer some key methods torescue dam (such as: ….)

Ø Supply China Documents:Standards, Technical Manuals,…related to Dam Safety.

China side’s prospective:

- Vietnam Side will collect informationrelated dam safety and operationdemands which need experts andequipment from China;

- Connect Vietnam profitable dam ownerswho need upgrade or repair their damsof hydro power plants.

- Seeing Opportunities for China Expertsand Companies participate projects inVietnam

IV. CHALENGES AND COUNTER MEASUREMET