state university of new york at new paltz_ environmental health and safety - safety programs

30/10/2015 State University of New York at New Paltz: Environmental Health and Safety - Safety Programs

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State University of New York at New Paltz: Environmental Healthand Safety - Safety Programs

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Safety Programs > Arc Flash

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Background

This guidance document provides guidelines on selection of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for protection from electric arc flash from equipment for whichdetailed arc hazard analysis has not been performed. This guidance applies to situations in which staff may be exposed to arc flash from high voltage switches orlive unguarded electrical wires, parts or equipment with voltages above 50 Volts. PPE is not required when in proximity to electrical equipment in enclosed

panels with no exposed connectors, where electrical work is not being performed and where no high voltage switch is being operated.

An arc flash may occur when electrical current "short circuits," that is, flows from energized wires or equipment to ground, or between energized wires or

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equipment with different phases or potential. An arc flash may also occur during movement of energized electrical contactors, such as switches. The arc flash

creates electrically conductive superheated plasma that can reach temperatures of 5000° F and above. Occurring in a fraction of a second, it produces a brilliant

flash, intense heat, and a shock wave. The magnitude of the energy and other factors will determine the severity of the arc flash. With sufficient energy, an arcflash may become an arc blast producing a dangerous shock wave.

This guidance is derived from the National Fire Protection Association's (NFPA) recommended standard NFPA 70E, Standard for Electrical Safety in the

Workplace. This document will summarize key provisions of NFPA 70E as they apply to work conducted by SUNY NP FOC employees. Refer to NFPA 70Efor additional information.

This guidance should be used unless there is a detailed arc hazard analysis and Hazard Mitigation Plan that has calculated arc flash energy and established PPErequirements for the specific equipment being worked on. Equipment has started to be labeled with a label such that pictured below (note: This is an on goinglabeling process by FOC and not all equipment has been labeled as of today).

arcflash-label

Definitions

Arc Rating [NFPA 70E] - The maximum incident energy resistance demonstrated by a material (or a layered system of materials) prior to break open or at the

onset of a second-degree skin burn. Arc rating is normally expressed in cal/cm2.

Boundaries:

Limited Approach Boundary - a shock protection boundary to be crossed by only qualified persons (at a distance from a live part) which is not to be crossedby unqualified persons unless escorted by a qualified person". The limited approach boundary is the minimum distance from the energized item where unqualifiedpersonnel may safely stand. No untrained personnel may approach any closer to the energized item than this boundary.



Restricted Approach Boundary-A shock protection boundary to be crossed by only qualified persons (at a distance from a live part) which, due to its proximityto a shock hazard, requires the use of shock protection techniques and equipment when crossed. To cross the Restricted Approach Boundary into the RestrictedSpace, the qualified person, who has completed required training, must wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE). Also, he must have a writtenapproved plan for the work that they will perform and plan the work to keep all parts of the body out of the Prohibited Space. This boundary is determined from

NFPA Table 2-1.3.4 (2000 Edition) and is based on the voltage of the equipment.

Prohibited Approach Boundary-A shock protection boundary to be crossed by only qualified persons (at a distance from a live part) which, when crossed bya body part or object, requires the same protection as if direct contact is made with a live part. Only qualified personnel wearing appropriate personal protectiveequipment (PPE), having specified training to work on energized conductors or components, and a documented plan justifying the need to perform this workmay cross the boundary and enter the Prohibited Space. Therefore, personnel must obtain a risk assessment before the prohibited boundary is crossed. This

boundary is determined by NFPA 70E Table 2-1.3.4 (2000 Addition) and is based upon the voltage of the equipment.

Circuit Breaker [NFPA 70E] - A device designed to open and close a circuit by non-automatic means and to open the circuit automatically when apredetermined over current occurs without damage to itself when properly applied within its rating.

Dead Front [NFPA 70E] - Without live parts exposed to a person on the operating side of the equipment.

Disconnecting Means [NFPA 70E] - A device, or group of devices, or other means by

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