107

State ecological monitoring system of State ecological monitoring system of MoscowMoscow--CityCity

Москва – столица Российской Федерации, один из крупнейших городовмира. Численность населения на 01.01.2002 г. составила 8539,2 тыс.чел.

108

The metrpolitan area of Moscow is 1080 km2

• 4 thousands industrial enterprises• 71 industrial zone• 14 large energy stations • 63 small energy stations• 1 thousand of boilers

MAJOR POLLUTORS

The total volume of airborn emissions is 1,084mln.tons in 2003The transport pollution is 900 th. tons (83%)transportation –2,6 mln unitsto 2010 – increase to 3,3 mln unitsthe fuel consumed – 4,290 mln.tons

The industrial pollution –184 th. tons (17%)

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Development of the State ecological monitoring system of MoscowDevelopment of the State ecological monitoring system of Moscow--CityCity

322003

Number of automatic stations for air pollution monitoring

year

71996 – 1998

11 2001

81999

31993 - 1996

2Disposition on the City

border far from pollution sources

City background

16Disposition on territory of dwelling quarter on

outskirts of CityPeriphery

6Quarters, which are

removed from immediate impact of

transport

Center of City

8pavementsNearby highways

Number of Stations (2004)

DescriptionTypes of territories where Automatic

stations for air pollution control are situated

The network of automatic stations of atmosphere pollution control

1. Central Administrative district. 2. North-West Administrative district 3. North Administrative district4. North-East Administrative district 5. East Administrative district6. South-East Administrative district7. South Administrative district8. South-West Administrative district9. West Administrative district10. Administrative district of Zelenograd

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ИЗМЕРЯЕМЫЕ ВЕЩЕСТВАОксид углеродаДиоксид азотаОксид азотаАммиакДиоксид серыСероводородОзонРМ10 Суммарные углеводородыМетанНеметановые углеводородыКислородУровень шумаТемпература воздухаСкорость и направление ветраАтмосферное давлениеОтносительная влажность воздуха

Mobile laboratory for air pollution&noise control

Передвижная лаборатория контроля выбросов и уровня шума

Typical objectives of environmental monitoring

+Development of policy & organization of priority tasks in management sphere

+Creation & assessment of application of calculation models of geographic information systems

+Identify the factors, that are threat for the health

+Identify the pollution sources & their contributions

+Determination of population exposure & carry out of assessment of impact to population

+Obtain the initial data, that serve as basis for securing of management of ambient air quality & planning of traffic systems

+Inform of population on ambient air quality & development of warning systems about dramatic increase of pollution level

+To control forcomplience to the State & international standards

Analysis of effectiveness of objectives achievement in Moscow

Objectives of Monitoring

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Computer programs permitted for use at present

At presence meteorological data need format at agency

Датский национальный институтисследования окружающей среды(Danish National Environmental Research Institute, NERI)

OML4.

At presence of digital map & database of pollution sources for concrete territory

Sankt-Peterburg Institute of meteorology ПК «Zone»5.

At presence of digital map & database of pollution sources for concrete territory

OPSIS ABEnviMan3.

At presence of digital map & database of pollution sources for concrete territory

Indic AB, SMHIAIRVIRO2.

Cambridge Environmental Research Consultants (CERC)ADMS 31.

Restrictions in useDeveloperName

1

3 4

2

1. Расчет загрязнениявоздуха выбросами автотранспорта

2. Расчет загрязнениявоздуха выбросамистационарныхисточников

3. Расчет неблагоприятныхметеорологическихусловий

4. Трехмерныйрасчет рассеиваниязагрязняющих веществ в атмосфере

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Modelling of pollution

• The space model of transport air pollution• The space model of the stationary source• The effect of the unfavorable weather condition• The 3-dimentional model of dispersion

Inventory of ambient air pollution

SEI “Mosecomonitiring” has annually actualized

Data base of industrial pollutions

Data base of car pollutions

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Data base on the industrial emissions

211 industrial enterprises registeredThe registration form –2TP. Annually reconsideredThey do not represent actual situation on the

vilume of emission, emergency emission and the offencive emissions.

The direct measurements needed82 large enterprises are to be equipped with the

direct measurement system20 – already equipped

Monitoring of ambient air quality .Average level of air pollution in Moscow in 2003 year.

Nearby highways

“sleeping” districts

The Center of City

7,26,1

5

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

ИЗА

примагистральныете рритории

це нтр го рода "спальные районы"

Индекс загрязнения атмосферы (ИЗА) подсчитывалсядля 5-ти веществ: оксид азота,диоксид азота,оксид углерода,формальдегид,озон.Среднее по Москвезначение ИЗА в 2003 году равно 6, уровень загрязнения -

повышенный.

Integrated Index of ambient air pollution is calculated as sum of ratio concentrations of five main pollutiants (NO, NO2 ,

CO, O3, formaldehyde) to limited accessible norm.In 2003 year in average for Moscow the Index value was about 6 (higher level of air pollution)At 50% cases its value is high because of data from Automatic stations situated nearby highways.

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Inde x o f air po llutio n .

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ility

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The application of monitoring data

• - urban development and construction projects• - asessment of the environmental effectiveness of the patterm of energy supply of the city

• - development of the norms of consructionactivity and patterns of transportation routs

• - prevention and response measures of emergency situation

• - assessment of health effect

Average concentrations of main air pollutants in share of limited accessible concentrations in 2003 year

0,90,61,21,2Nitrogen oxide

1,111,11,3Nitrogen dioxide

0,40,330,570,6Carbon

average“sleeping”

districtsThe Center of City

Nearby highways

Average concentrations in share of limited accessible concentrations

pollutant

115

Subscribers of Moscow City system of ecological monitoring

Data of Ecological monitoring are received rapidly by Municipal organizations and are presented to people through Mass media.

Данные экологического мониторинга получаются оперативно муниципальными организациями и предоставляются СМИ населению

Municipal organizations : Government of Moscow-City, Department of Civil defense & emergence, Prefectures, State service of Sanitary surveillance (weekly)

Broadcasting companies: "Mayak", "Echo Moscow", "The Open Radio", "Autoradio" weekly)

TV channels : RTR, TVC (weekly) Meteo TV (daily).

Subscribers of Moscow City system of ecological monitoring

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www.mosecom.ru

www.moseco.ru

www.ria-novosti.ru

www.rbc.ru

www.itar-tass.ru

www.ecoinform.ruPressМосковский комсомолец»

«Известия» «Вечерняя Москва»

«Московская правда» (ежемесячно)

«Тверская 13»

116

Average annual levels of pollution ambient air in the big cities

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