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State Archives of AssyriaBulletin

ISSN 1120-4699

Volume XIX

2011–2012

State Archives of Assyria BulletinVolume XIX, 2011–2012

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EditorsFrederick Mario Fales, Giovanni-Battista Lanfranchi, Simonetta Ponchia

Published byS.A.R.G.O.N. Editrice e Libreria — Via Induno 18/A — I-35134 Padova (Italy)

Distributed byCasalini Libri S.p.A. — Via Faentina 169/15 — I-50010 Caldine (FI) (Italy) — www.casalini.it

Arbor Sapientiae s.r.l. — via Bernardo Barbiellini Amidei 80 — I-00168 Roma (Italy) — www.arborsapientiae.com

Eisenbrauns — POB 275 Winona Lake, IN 46590-0275 (USA) — https://www.eisenbrauns.com

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1–27 JAMIE NOVOTNY, The Royal Inscriptions of Tiglath-Pileser III and Shalmaneser V: AnAt-a-glance Akkadian Glossary of the RINAP 1 Corpus

29–86 JAMIE NOVOTNY, The Royal Inscriptions of Esarhaddon: An At-a-glance AkkadianGlossary of the RINAP 4 Corpus

87–152 EVA CANCIK-KIRSCHBAUM, J. CALE JOHNSON, Middle Assyrian Calendrics

153–174 NATALIE M. MAY, The Comeback of talīmu: A Case of the Invention of A Word-meaningby Neo-Assyrian Scribes

175–202 FABRICE DE BACKER, Scale-Armours in the Neo-Assyrian Period: A Survey

203–237 NICOLAS GILLMANN, Les bas-reliefs neo-assyriens : une nouvelle tentative d’interpretation

239–265 NATHAN MORELLO, Public and Private Archives from Fort Shalmaneser

267–278 STEFAN ZAWADZKI, Ummān-manda Revisited

279–328 SALVATORE GASPA, A Bibliography of Neo-Assyrian Studies (2007–2012)

Editore: S.A.R.G.O.N. Editrice e Libreria — Via Induno 18/A — I-35134 Padova (Italy)Stampa: Copisteria Stecchini — Via Santa Sofia 58–62 — I-35121 Padova (Italy)

Direttore responsabile: Prof. Dr. Ines ThomasFinito di stampare il 15.09.2013

State Archives of Assyria Bulletin

Volume XIX (2011‒2012)

THE ROYAL INSCRIPTIONS OF ESARHADDON: AN AT-A-GLANCE AKKADIAN GLOSSARY OF THE RINAP 4 CORPUS *

Jamie Novotny

In May 2011, Erle Leichty’s The Royal Inscriptions of Esarhaddon, King of Assyria (680–669 BC) (Royal Inscriptions of the Neo-Assyrian Period 4) appeared. That volume contains editions of one hundred and forty-three royal inscriptions of Esarhaddon, thirty late Neo-Assyrian inscriptions that may be attributed to that seventh-century ruler, and ten texts commissioned by his queen and his mother.

Shortly after the publication of RINAP 4, in July 2011, completely searchable and fully lemmatized editions of those one hundred and eighty-three inscriptions were made public on RINAP Online.1 Although an easily searchable Akkadian glossary of the official texts of Esarhaddon is available online, in the Open Richly Annotated Cunei-form Corpus (Oracc) format,2 I take the opportunity to present here a modified version of that glossary. This concise glossary, unlike its online counterpart, (1) distinguishes fully preserved forms from partially and completely restored forms (see below), (2) notes defectively written forms, showing scribal omissions and errors, and (3) indicates words and written forms that are known only from 1000 number and/or 2000 number inscriptions, that is, words and written forms that are not attested in the certain, official inscriptions of Esarhaddon.

* The author compiled the RINAP 4 glossary while assisting E. Leichty prepare the ultimate manu-

script of The Royal Inscriptions of Esarhaddon, King of Assyria (680–669 BC). The basic glossary was produced using the Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc) tools, see http://oracc. museum.upenn.edu. I would like to thank the National Endowment for the Humanities for funding the RINAP Project, allowing me to carry out research on late Neo-Assyrian royal inscriptions. I would also like to express my gratitude to Professor Grant Frame, director of the RINAP Project, for reviewing this manuscript, and to Andrew Knapp, a graduate assistance, for making corrections and astute comments on the online Akkadian glossary. Their time and care are greatly appreciated. Any errors or omissions are solely the responsibility of the author.

1. http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/rinap/rinap4/corpus. 2. For details, see http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu.

30 JAMIE NOVOTNY

The present publication does not intend to be a complete, detailed glossary of the identifiable Akkadian words in the RINAP 4 corpus (master texts only), but a concise, at-a-glance reference tool in the style of the CDA (A Concise Dictionary of Akkadian).3 Therefore, only limited information will be provided for each word, namely the part of speech, the basic meaning(s) of the word, and the written form(s). For verbs, additional information is provided about the verbal stems in which the word is attested. However, textual references — that is, text and line numbers of the written forms — are not provided here; that information can be obtained presently from the online Akkadian glossary.

Following the AHw and CDA, head-words are presented in their Old Babylonian forms, but without word final mimation. The order of the words generally follows the computer-generated arrangement of the Oracc glossaries, as does the order of the writ-ten forms. Words containing the same letters in the same order are found together and are given the designations “1”, “2”, etc., this system deviates from those of the AHw, CAD, and CDA. For example, nīšu 1 “lifting” and nīšu 2 “(oath on the) life”.

As mentioned above, this glossary provides more information on the written forms than its online counterpart. Written forms that have been completely restored — that is, words or spellings of words that are not presently preserved in the known RINAP 4 corpus — are placed entirely between square brackets, for example, [i-du-u] “known”.4 Written forms that are partially preserved have square brackets enclosing the signs that are completely damaged, for example, [za]-qap “[to pl]ant”.5 Partially preserved forms usually occur only once in the known texts, forms that can be fully reconstructed from multiple attestations are noted with a single asterisk (see below for details). Half brack-ets, however, are ignored. Thus, partially preserved signs are rendered in the lists of written forms as if they were not damaged, for example, da-ad-˹mu˺ “settlements” is listed as da-ad-mu.6

Asterisk(s) appear after some written forms. The(se) asterisk(s) are intended to provide additional at-a-glance information about a specific written form. These indicate the following:

3. Variants found in the scores are not included here. These will appear in a more detailed Akkadian

dictionary of royal inscriptions of the Neo-Assyrian period (744–609 BC), which the author intends to prepare all of the late Neo-Assyrian royal inscriptions from Tiglath-pileser III to Aššur-uballiṭ II have been published. Therefore, this at-a-glance glossary should serve as a useful resource until that time. Moreover, it should be regarded as a snapshot of the online RINAP 4 Akkadian glossary (December 2011).

4, Restored in Esarhaddon 104 ii 1 and 105 ii 14. 5. Esarhaddon 54 obv. 36´. 6. Esarhaddon 127 line 6´.

THE ROYAL INSCRIPTIONS OF ESARHADDON 31

* The written form is reconstructed from multiple attestations in the main Esar-haddon corpus (texts 1–143). The form, as indicated, is not fully preserved in any of its known occurrences. For example, en-qu-te* “wise” appears three times in RINAP 4: [en-qu]-te, en-qu-[te], and [en-qu-te].7 Thus, en-qu-te* is recon-structed from those three attestations.

** The written form is attested only in Esarhaddon 1000 number text(s) (texts 1001–1030).

*** The written form is attested only in Esarhaddon 2000 number text(s) (texts 2001–2010).

Very rarely, the same written form is listed twice. This occurs when the form is com-pletely (or partially) reconstructed in the main Esarhaddon corpus (texts 1–143) and at-tested either in Esarhaddon 1000 or 2000 number text(s). For example, [za]-qap, za-qap**.8 This is to highlight the fact that the written form is not yet (fully) attested in Esarhaddon texts 1–143.

Moreover, forms that are suspect — spellings of words that contain a typo in the transliteration of the master text in RINAP 4, written forms that the author regards are unlikely, or (partially or full) restorations that may have an alternative reading — appear in bold. Details are provided in footnotes.

For the convenience of the user, a list of verbal roots that appear in the RINAP 4 corpus is provided as an appendix. The roots follow those listed in the AHw and CDA.

A abāku (v.) G “to lead away”; wr. a-bu-ka, i-bu-ka-ma. abāru 1 (n.) “(the metal) lead”; wr. A.BÁR. abāru 2 (n.) “physical strength”; wr. a-[ba-ri]. abāru 3 (v.) G “to denounce”; wr. a-bi-ir-ma. abātu 1 (v.) G “to destroy”; wr. i-ab-bat, ib-ba-tu. abātu 2 (v.) N “to run away”; wr. in-na-bi-tù, in-na-bit, in-nab-tam-ma, in-nab-tu, in-nab-tú. abbu (n.) “swamp”; wr. ab-bu. abbuttu (n.) (a hair-style); wr. ab-bu-ut-ti. abnu (n.) “stone”; wr. NA4, NA4.MEŠ, NA4.MEŠ-šú-nu. abru (n.) “pile of brushwood”; wr. ab-ru. abšānu (n.) “yoke”; wr. ab-šá-a-ni, ab-šá-an-ka, ab-šá-ni. abtu (adj.) “destroyed”; wr. ab-tu-ti. abu (n.) “father; ancestor”; wr. AD, AD-ia, <AD>-ia, AD-šu, AD-šú, AD.MEŠ**, AD.MEŠ-ia,

AD.MEŠ-ía, AD.MEŠ-šú, a-bi, <a>-bi-ia**, a-bu**, ab-bé-e, ab-bu-ú-[ia].

7. Esarhaddon 104 iii 35, 105 iv 30, and 116 rev. 14 respectively. 8. Esarhaddon 54 obv. 36´ and 1011 rev. 5´ respectively.

32 JAMIE NOVOTNY

abūbāniš (abūbiš) (adv.) “like a flood”; wr. a-bu-ba-niš, a-bu-biš. abūbu (n.) “flood; deluge monster”; wr. a-bu-bi, a-bu-bu, a-bu-bu-um-ma, a-bu-ub. abullu (n.) “city gate”; wr. KÁ.GAL, KÁ.GAL-ia, KÁ.GAL.MEŠ. abunnatu (n.) “center”; wr. a-bu-nat. adānu (n.) “appointed time”; wr. a-dan-ka, a-dan-nu**. adappu (n.) “horizontal crossbeam”; wr. GIŠ.a-dáp-pi, a-da-pi, a-dáp-pi. adāru (v.) G “to become afraid”; N “become restless”; wr. a-dur, an-na-dir-ma, i-du-ru. adi (prep.) “to, until; while; with”; wr. a-di. ādiru (n.) “full of awe, full of fear”; wr. a-di-ru, a-dir. adnātu (n.) “world”; wr. ád-na-a-ti. adû (n.) “treaty”; wr. a-de-e. agāgu (v.) G “to become furious”; wr. i-gu-ug, i-gu-ug-ma, i-gug, i-gug-ma. agammu (n.) “marsh(es)”; wr. a-gam-me. agappu (n.) “wing”; wr. a-gap-pa-a, a-gáp-pi. agarinnu (n.) “mother”; wr. a-ga-ri-in-ni. aggiš (adv.) “furiously”; wr. ag-giš. aggu (adj.) “furious”; wr. ag-gu. agû 1 (n.) “crown”; wr. AGA, AGA-šú, a-ge, a-ge-e. agû 2 (n.) “flood”; wr. a-gi-i, [a]-gu-u, a-gu-ú. agurru (n.) “baked brick”; wr. NA4.a-gúr-ri, SIG4.AL.ÙR.RA, a-gur-ri, a-gur-ru, a-gúr-ri. aḫāmiš (aḫāmeš) (pron.) “one another”; wr. a-ḫa-meš. aḫāru (v.) D “to delay”; wr. ú-ḫi-ir-ma. aḫāzu (v.) G “to take”; D “to inlay”; Š “to make something take hold of; teach”; wr. e-ḫu-zu, i-ḫu-zu, uḫ-ḫi-iz, uḫ-ḫi-iz-ma, uḫ-ḫi-zu-ma, ú-ḫi-iz-ma, ú-šá-ḫi-iz-ma, ú-šá-ḫi-za, šu-ḫi-za.

aḫennâ (aḫinnâ) (adv.) “each by it/himself”; wr. a-ḫe-en-na-a, a-ḫi-in-na-a. aḫītu (n.) “surroundings”; wr. a-ḫa-a-ti. aḫrītu (n.) “later time”; wr. aḫ-rat. aḫu 1 (n.) “brother”; wr. ŠEŠ-šú, ŠEŠ-šú-nu, ŠEŠ.MEŠ, ŠEŠ.MEŠ-e-a, ŠEŠ.MEŠ-ia, ŠEŠ.MEŠ-šú. aḫu 2 (n.) “arm; shore”; wr. a-ḫi. aḫû (adj.) “foreign”; wr. a-ḫu-ú. aḫulap (interj.) (an exclamation used to express or to seek compassion); wr. a-ḫu-lap. ai (indecl.) “not”; wr. a-a. akalu (n.) “food”; wr. a-ka-lu. akālu (v.) Š “to allow to eat”; wr. ú-šá-kil. akī (prep.) “with”; wr. a-ki-i**. akītu (n.) (a cultic festival); wr. a-ki-ti, á-ki-it, á-ki-ti**. aklu (adj.) “broken”; wr. ak-lu. akṣu (ekṣu) (adj.) “dangerous”; as n. dangerous person”; wr. ak-ṣi, ak-ṣu, ek-ṣu-ti. akûtu (n.) “state of being crippled”; wr. a-ku-ú-ti. aladlammû (n.) “human-headed bull-colossus”; wr. NA4.

dALAD.dLAMMA.MEŠ, dALAD.dLAMMA, dALAD.dLAMMA.MEŠ.

alāku (v.) G “to go”; G, as n. “advance, march”; Gtn “to march, walk about”; Š “to make something (become)”; wr. DU-ku, DU.MEŠ-ma, a-la-ku, a-lak, a-lik, al-lak, al-li-ik, al-lik, at-ta-al-la-ku, at-tal-lak, at-tal-lak-u-ma, il-la-ku, il-lak, il-lak-am-ma, il-lak-ú-[ma], il-li-ik-ma, il-li-


ku, il-li-ku-ma, il-li-ku-nim-ma, il-lik, il-lik-am-ma, il-lik-ma, il-lik-u-ma!! (Text: il-lik-u-SU), it-tal-la-ku, it-tal-la-ku-ma, it-tal-lak-u-ma, it-<tal>-lak-u-ma, it-tal-lak-ú-ma, lil-li-ku, lu-tal-lak, lu-ut-tal-lak, lu-šá-lik-ma, lul-li-ik, lul-lik, lut-tal-lak, ni-it-tal-lak-ma, šu-lu-ku, tu-šá-li-ka, ú-šá-lik, ú-šá-lik-ú-ma.

alallu (elallu) (n.) (a stone); wr. NA4.a-lal-lum, NA4.e-lal-lum, NA4.e-lál-lu. alālu (v.) G “to hang up”; wr. a-lul-ma, e-lu-lu-ma. āliku (n.) “goer”; wr. a-li-kát, a-li-kàt, a-li-ku, a-lik. allu (n.) “hoe”; wr. GIŠ.al-lu, GIŠ.al-lum, al-li, al-lu. alpu (n.) “ox”; wr. GU4.ME, GU4.MEŠ, GU4.MEŠ-šú. ālu (n.) “city”; wr. URU, URU-ia, URU-ka, URU-um-ma, URU-uš-šú, URU-šá, URU-šú, URU-šú-nu,

URU-šú-un, URU.MEŠ, URU.MEŠ-ni, URU.MEŠ-šu, URU.MEŠ-šú, URU.MEŠ-šú-nu, URU.MEŠ-šú-un, a-lam, a-lum.

ālu in bēl āli (n.) “city ruler”; wr. LÚ.EN.URU, LÚ.EN.URU.MES,9 LÚ.EN.URU.MEŠ, LÚ.EN.URU.MEŠ-ni.

amāru (v.) G “to see; read; experience, learn”; N “to be seen”; wr. a-ma-ri, a-mur, a-mur-ma, e-mu-ru, e-mu-ru-ma, e-mur, e-mur-ma, i-mu-ru, in-na-mir, in-nam-[ma-ru]**, le-e-mur, [li-mu-ur-ma]**, li-mur, li-mur-ma, li-<mur>-ma.

āmiru (n.) “one who sees”; wr. a-mir, a-mir-šú**. ammatu (n.) “cubit”; wr. KÙŠ.10

amru (adj.) “chosen”; wr. am-ru. amurru (n.) “the West”; wr. IM.MAR.TU. amūtu (n.) “liver”; wr. a-mu-ti, a-mu-tum, a-mu-tú. ana (prep.) “to, for; against; among; in, into, on; at; as”; wr. a-na, ana. anāḫu (v.) G “to become dilapidated”; Š “to make someone make an effort”; wr. e-na-aḫ-ma, e-

na-ḫa, e-na-ḫu-ma, en-na-ḫa, in-na-ḫu, in-na-ḫu-ma, [ú]-šá-ni-ḫu-ma**. anāku (pron.) “I”; wr. a-na-ku, a-na-ku-ma, ana-ku, ana-ku-ma. anantu (n.) “battle”; wr. a-na-an-ti. andullu (n.) “protection”; wr. an-dul-la-šú. andurāru (n.) “exemption”; wr. an-du-ra-ar-šú-nu, an-du-ra-ár-šu-nu. angubbû (n.) (a class of priest); wr. AN.GUB.BA.MEŠ, an-gub-bé-e. anḫu (adj.) “tired”; as n. dilapidated section(s)”; wr. an-ḫu, an-ḫu-ti. anḫūtu (n.) “dilapidation , dilapidated section(s)”; wr. an-ḫu-su, an-ḫu-su-nu, an-ḫu-ta, an-ḫu-tú,

an-ḫu-us-sa, an-ḫu-us-si-na, an-ḫu-us-su, an-ḫu-us-su-nu. anīḫu (adj.) “tired”; wr. a-ni-ḫu. anna (interj.) “yes”; wr. an-na. annaku (n.) “tin”; wr. AN.NA. annanna (indefinite pron.) “so-and-so”; wr. mNENNI. annu (n.) “yes”; wr. an-na, an-na-šú-un, an-ni-šu-nu, an-ni-šú-nu, an-nu. annû (pron.) as demonstrative adj. “this”; wr. an-nu-ti, an-nu-u, an-nu-ú.

9. Esarhaddon 97 23: read LÚ.EN.URU.MEŠ instead of LÚ.EN.URU.MES. 10. Esarhaddon 1 vi 5, 2 vi 18–97, 3 v 8´–9´, 104 iii 43, 105 iv 39, and 105 v 25: read 1.KÙŠ instead of 1

KÙŠ.

34 JAMIE NOVOTNY

Anūtu (n.) “highest rank”; wr. da-nu-ti, da-nu-u-ti, da-nu-ú-tu, da-nù-u-ti, da-nù-u-tú, da-nù-ú-ti, da-nù-ú-tu.

anzillu (n.) “abomination”; wr. an-zil-li. anzû (n.) “lion-headed eagle”; wr. an-ze-e, an-zi-i. apālu (v.) G “to answer”; Gt “to discuss”; Gtn iter.; wr. e-pu-lu-in-ni, e-pu-lu-šú-ma, e-tap-lu, e-

tap-pa-la, e-tap-pa-lu, i-pu-lu-ni-ma, i-pu-lu-uš, i-pu-lu-šu-ma, i-tap-pa-lu, li-tap-pa-lu, li-tap-pi-lu.

apāru (v.) G “to cover the head”; wr. [a-pi-ra], a-pi-ru-um-ma. apâtu (adj.) as n. “humanity”; wr. a-pa-a-ti. apkallu (n.) “expert, sage”; wr. ABGAL, ap-kal. aplu (n.) “heir”; wr. IBILA. appāru (n.) “marsh”; wr. GI.AMBAR.MEŠ. appatu (n.) “rein”; wr. [a-pa]-a-ti. appu (n.) “nose”; wr. ap-pi, ap-pi-ia, ap-pu. apsasû (n.) “sphinx”; wr. MUNUS.ÁB.ZA.ZA-a-ti. apsû (n.) “(cosmic) underground water”; wr. ZU.AB, ap-si-i. apu (n.) “reed-bed”; wr. a-pi. arāku (v.) G “to become long”; D “to lengthen”; wr. GÍD, GÍD.DA, a-rak, li-ri-ku, ur-rak, ur-ruk. arammu (n.) “ramp”; wr. a-ram-mu. arāmu (v.) G “to place (tablet) in a (clay) envelope”; wr. e-ri-im**. arāru (v.) G “to curse”; wr. e-ta-ra-ar, li-ru-ri. arītu (n.) “shield; shield bearer”; wr. GIŠ.a-rit, LÚ.a-ri-ti. arku (adj.) “long”; wr. GÍD.DA.MEŠ. arnu (annu) (n.) “guilt; punishment”; wr. an-na, an-nu, ar-ni. arratu (n.) “curse”; wr. ar-rat. asakku 1 (n.) (an evil demon); wr. a-sak-ki. asakku 2 (n.) “taboo”; wr. a-sak-ku. askuppu (n.) “(threshold) slab”; wr. NA4.KUN4.MEŠ. aslu 1 (n.) “ram”; wr. as-li. aslu 2 (n.) (a special cubit measure); wr. [GIŠ.as]-li, GIŠ.as4-lum, as4-lum. asu (n.) “bear”; wr. a-si. asû (n.) “physician”; wr. A.ZU.MEŠ. asumittu (n.) “stele”; wr. a-su-mit-ti. asurrû (n.) “lower course”; wr. a-sur-ru-šú. ašarēdu (adj.) “first and foremost”; as n. “first and foremost”; wr. a-šá-re-du, a-šá-red. ašāru (v.) G “to review”; wr. a-šu-ur. ašgigû (n.) (a mineral); wr. NA4.aš-gì-gì.MEŠ, NA4.áš-gì-gì. āširu (n.) “inspector”; wr. a-šir. aškāpu (n.) “leatherworker”; wr. LÚ.AŠGAB.MEŠ. ašlu (n.) “unit”; wr. áš-lu. ašnan (n.) “grain”; wr. aš-na-an. ašnugallu (n.) “alabaster”; wr. NA4.GIŠ.NU11.GAL.


ašru (n.) “place; country; emplacement”; wr. KI-šá, KI-ši-na, KI-šu, KI-šú, KI-šú-nu, a-šar, a-šar-šá, a-šar-šú, a-šar-šú-nu, [aš]-ri-šú-nu,11 áš-ra-ti-šú, áš-ri, áš-ri-ši-na, áš-ri-šu, áš-ri-šú, áš-ri-šú-nu, áš-ru, áš-[ru-uš-šu-un]**, áš-ru-uš-šú.

aššatu (n.) “wife”; wr. DAM-su, DAM.MEŠ-šú**. aššu (prep.) “because; as for; in order to”; wr. [aš]-šú,12 áš-šu, áš-šú. atappiš (adv.) “like a canal”; wr. a-tap-piš. attā (pron.) “you”; wr. at-ta. awātu (amātu) (n.) “word”; wr. a-ma-ta, a-mat, a-mat-su. awīlu (amēlu) (n.) “man”; wr. LÚ.MEŠ. awīlu in awīl narkabti (n.) “charioteer”; wr. LÚ.GIŠ.GIGIR.MEŠ. awīlūtu (amēlūtu) (n.) “humanity”; wr. a-me-lu-ti. awû (amû) (v.) Gt “to speak”; wr. a-tam-mu-ma. ayyābu (n.) “enemy”; wr. a-a-ab, a-a-bé-e-a, a-a-bé-e-šú, a-a-bi, a-a-bi-ia, a-a-bi-šú. ayyumma (indefinite pron.) “whoever”; wr. a-a-um-ma, a-a-ú-ma.

B baʾālu (v.) G “to be exceptionally bright”; wr. ib-il, ib-ìl-ma. babālu (v.) N “to carry”; wr. ib-bab-lam-ma. bābtu (n.) “city quarter”; wr. ba-ba-a-ti. bābu (n.) “gate”; wr. KÁ, KÁ-ia, KÁ-šú-nu, KÁ.MEŠ, KÁ.MEŠ-ni, KÁ.MEŠ-šá, KÁ.MEŠ-ši-in,

KÁ.MEŠ-šin, KÁ.MEŠ-šùn, KÁ.MEŠ-šú. bāʾeru (n.) “fisherman”; wr. LÚ.ŠU.KU6.MEŠ. baḫūlātu (n.) “men”; wr. ba-ḫu-la-ti-šu-un, ba-ḫu-la-ti-šú-un. bakû (v.) G “to weep”; wr. i-bak-ki-ma. balālu (v.) G “to mix (up)”; wr. ab-lu-la, ab-lu-ul, ib-lu-lu4. balāṭu 1 (n.) “life”; wr. TI, TI-šá***, TI-šú, TI.LA, TI.LA-ia, TI.LA-šá, TIN, TIN-šú, ba-laṭ, ba-laṭ-su,

ba-TI-ía. balāṭu 2 (v.) G “to be alive”; D “to keep alive; spare”; wr. TI, ba-laṭ, bul-lu-ṭu, ú-bal-liṭ. ballu (adj.) “mixed”; wr. ba-al-lu4. balṭu (adj.) “lifelike”; wr. bal-ṭi. balu (prep.) “without”; wr. ba-lu. baʾlu (adj.) “exceptionally bright”; wr. ba-ìl. bāntiš (adv.) “like a mother”; wr. ba-an-ti-iš. banû 1 (adj.) as n. “something good”; wr. ba-ni-ti. banû 2 (v.) D “to beautify”; wr. ú-ban-ni, ú-ban-ni-šú. banû 3 (v.) G “to create; build”; D “to fashion”; N “to be created”; wr. ab-ni, ab-ni-ma, ab-ta-ni,

ba-nu-u, ba-nu-ú, bi-na-a-ma, ib-ba-nu-ma, ib-ni-ma**, ú-ban-ni-ma. bānû (n.) “creator; engenderer; builder”; wr. DÙ-u, ba-a-nu-ú, [ba]-ni-ia, ba-ni-ia**, ba-ni-ía, ba-

ni-šú-nu, ba-ni-šú-un, ba-nu-u, ba-nu-u-a, ba-nu-ú.

11. Esarhaddon 116 rev. 25: read [áš]-ri-šú-nu instead of [aš]-ri-šú-nu. 12. Esarhaddon 30 obv. 9´; 97 9: read [áš-šú] instead of [aš-šú]. Esarhaddon 33 Tablet 2 iii 32´: read

[áš]-šú instead of [aš]-šú.

36 JAMIE NOVOTNY

barāmu (v.) G “to seal (up)”; wr. ab-ri-<im>**, ib-ri-im**. bārānû (n.) “rebel”; wr. ba-ra-nu-u, ba-ra-nu-ú. bārtu (n.) “revolt”; wr. bar-ti. barû 1 (adj.) “checked”; wr. IGI.KÁR, bà-rì. barû 2 (v.) G “to inspect; perform divination”; wr. ab-re-e-ma, ib-ru-ú. bārû (n.) “diviner”; wr. ḪAL.MEŠ, LÚ.ḪAL, LÚ.ḪAL.MEŠ, MÁŠ.ŠU.GÍD.GÍD. bâru (v.) G “to catch”; wr. a-bar-šu-ma, a-bar-šú-ma. bārûtu (n.) “work of the diviner”; wr. LÚ.ḪAL-ú-ti, ba-ru-u-te. bāṣu (n.) “sand”; wr. ba-a-ṣi, ba-ṣi. bašāmu 1 (n.) “sackcloth”; wr. ba-šá-a-mu, ba-šá-mu. bašāmu 2 (v.) G “to build”; D “to create”; wr. ab-[ši-im-ma], ú-ba-áš-ši-mu. bašmu (n.) “horned viper”; wr. ba-aš-mu. bāštu (n.) “dignity”; wr. ba-[al-ti]**, bal-tu, bal-tú. bašû 1 (adj.) “existing”; wr. ba-šá-a, [ba-šu-u],13 ba-šu-ú, ba-šú-u. bašû 2 (v.) G “to exist”; Š “to bring into existence”; N ~ G; wr. GÁL.MEŠ, ib-ba-ši-ma, ib-ba-šu-

ma, ib-ši, ib-ši-ma, ib-šu-u, it-ta-nab-šá-a, [it-tab-ša],14 it-tab-šá-a, li-šab-šu-ma, li-šab-šú-ma, lib-šá-a, ú-šab-ši, ú-šab-ši-ma, ú-šab-šu-ma, ú-šab-[šu-u],15 ú-šab-šu-ú.

batāqu (v.) G “to cut off”; wr. ab-tuq-ma. baṭālu (v.) G “to cease”; Š “to discontinue”; wr. ba-ṭa-li, ú-šab-ṭa-lu, ú-šab-ṭi-lu. baṭlu (adj.) “ceased”; wr. ba-aṭ-lu-te, ba-aṭ-lu-ti, ba-ṭil-ti, ba-ṭil-tu, baṭ-[lu]-ti. bâʾu (v.) G “to walk”; Š “to cause water to flow over”; wr. i-ba-aʾ, uš-bi-iʾ-ma. bēltu (n.) “lady”; wr. GAŠAN, GAŠAN-ia, GAŠAN-šá***, GAŠAN-šú, be-el-ti, be-el-ti-šá, be-el-ti-

šú, be-el-tum, be-le-e-ti, be-let, dGAŠAN. belû (v.) G “to come to an end”; wr. ib-li. bēlu (n.) “lord; owner”; wr. EN, EN-ia, EN-ía, EN-šu, EN-šú, EN.EN, EN.ME-šú, EN.MEŠ, EN.MEŠ-e-a,

EN.MEŠ-ia, EN.MEŠ-ía, EN.MEŠ-šú, EN.MEŠ-šú-nu, UMUN-šú, be-li, be-lí, be-lí-ia, dEN. bêlu (v.) G “to rule (over)”; wr. a-bel, i-be-el, i-be-lu-ma, i-bé-lu, i-bé-lu-ma, la-be-el, li-bi-il. bēlūtu (n.) “lordship”; wr. EN-[ti],16 EN-ti-ia, EN-ti-ía, EN-ti-šú, EN-u-su, EN-u-ti, EN-u-ti-ia, EN-u-

ti-ía, EN-ú-ti-ia***, be-lu-su, be-lu-te-ia, be-lu-te-ía, be-lu-ti, be-lu-ti-ia, be-lu-ti-ía, be-lu-ti-šú, be-lu-ti-šú-nu, be-lu-ti-šú-un, be-lu-ut, be-lu-ú-te, be-lu-ú-ti, [be-lu]-x-x, be-lut, be-lut-ka, be-lut-su, be-lut-su-nu, be-lut-su-<nu>.

bēru 1 (adj.) “selected; choice”; wr. bé-ru-te, bé-ru-ti. bēru 2 (n.) “double hour”; wr. KASKAL.GÍD, KASKAL.GÍD.TA.ÀM. bêru (v.) G “to choose”; wr. a-bir-ma. biblu (n.) “(action of) bringing”; wr. bi-bil, bi-ib-lat. biltu (n.) “load; talent; tribute”; wr. GUN, GUN-[su-nu], GUN.MEŠ**, [bil]-ti, bil-ti-šú, bil-tu, bil-

[tú], bíl-tú. binûtu (n.) “creation”; wr. bi-nu-ut. birītu (n.) “fetter”; wr. bi-re-e-ti, bi-re-ti, bi-re-tu, bi-re-tú.

13. Esarhaddon 87 11; 1019 obv. 19: probably read [ba-šu-ú] or [ba-šú-u] instead of [ba-šu-u]. 14. Esarhaddon 109 i 27´: read [it-tab-šá-a] instead of [it-tab-ša]. 15. Esarhaddon 109 ii 13´: probably read ú-šab-[šu-ú] instead of ú-šab-[šu-u]. 16. Esarhaddon 98 rev. 18: read EN-[u-ti] instead of EN-[ti].


biri- (prep.) “among”; wr. bi-ri-šú-nu. birku (n.) “knee”; wr. bir-ki. birmu (n.) “multicolored cloth”; wr. GÙN. birtu 1 (n.) “fortifications”; wr. URU.ḪAL.ṢU.MEŠ. birtu 2 (n.) “riffraff”; wr. bir-te, bir-ti. bīru (n.) “divination”; wr. bi-ri, bi-ru. bītānû (adj.) “inner”; wr. bit-a-nu-u. bitrû 1 (adj.) “prime quality”; wr. [bit-ru-ti]. bitrû 2 (v.) Š “to endure”; wr. liš-tab-ra-a, liš-tab-ri**, liš-tab-ru-u, liš-tab-ru-ú. bītu (n.) “house”; wr. É, É-ti-šú-[nu], É-šú. bukru (n.) “son”; wr. [bu]-kur. bukurtu (n.) “daughter”; wr. bu-kúr-ti. būlu (n.) “livestock”; wr. bu-ul**. bunnû (adj.) “beautified”; wr. bu-un-nu-u. buqlu (n.) “malt”; wr. MUNU4, ŠE.MUNU4. būrtu (n.) “cistern”; wr. PÚ. burūmû (burummû) (n.) “heaven”; wr. bu-ru-um-me. būṣu 1 (n.) “hyena”; wr. bu-ṣu. būṣu 2 (n.) “byssus”; wr. bu-u-ṣi. bušlu (n.) “smelting”; wr. bu-šul-šú. būšu (n.) “goods”; wr. NÍG.ŠU, [NÍG.ŠU-šu],17 NÍG.ŠU-šú, NÍG.ŠU-šú-nu, NÍG.ŠU.MEŠ, NÍG.ŠU.MEŠ-

šú, NÍG.ŠU.MEŠ-šú-nu, bu-še-e, bu-šú. butuqtu (n.) “breach”; wr. bu-tuq-ti, bu-tuq-tu. buṭnu (n.) “terebinth”; wr. GIŠ.bu-uṭ-ni. buʾʾû (v.) D “to look for”; wr. ú-ba-aʾ-[ú].

D dabābu (v.) G “to speak”; Gtn iter.; wr. e-dab-bu-ba, i-dab-bu-ba, id-bu-bu, id-da-nab-bu-bu. dabû (n.) “bear”; wr. da-bé-e. dadmū (n.) “settlements”; wr. da-ad-me-šú, da-ad-mu, da-ád-me, <da>-ád-me, da-ád-me-šu, da-

ád-me-šú. dagālu (v.) G “to see; obey; wait”; Š “to entrust; show”; wr. ad-gul, da-ga-li, lid-gu-la, tu-šad-gi-

lu, ú-šad-gi-lu, ú-šad-gil, ú-šad-gíl, ú-šad-gíl-ma. dāgilu (n.) “one who obeys”; wr. da-gíl. dāʾišu (n.) “crusher”; wr. da-aʾ-iš, da-iš. dakāku (v.) G “to gambol”; wr. i-dak-ka-ku. dâku (v.) G “to defeat”; wr. GAZ, a-duk. dalālu (v.) G “to praise; sing praise”; wr. da-li-li, [i]-da-la-la, lad-lu-la. dalḫu (adj.) “confused”; as n. “(political) troubles”; wr. da-li-iḫ-ti, dal-ḫa-a-te, dal-ḫa-a-ti, dal-ḫa-ti.

dalīlu (n.) “praise”; wr. da-li-li-[ka].

17. Esarhaddon 109 ii 20´: probably read [NÍG.ŠU-šú] instead of [NÍG.ŠU-šu].

38 JAMIE NOVOTNY

dallu (adj.) “praised”; wr. da-al-lu, dal-lu, dal-lu4. daltu (n.) “door”; wr. GIŠ.IG, GIŠ.IG.MEŠ. damqu (adj.) “good”; as n. “good fortune, good thing(s)”; wr. MUNUS.SIG5, MUNUS.SIG5-ia, SIG5,

SIG5-tim, SIG5-tì-ia, SIG5-tu, SIG5.MEŠ, [da]-mi-iq-tim, da-mì-iq-tu, da-mì-iq-tú, dam-qa-a-te, dam-qa-a-ti, dam-qu, dam-qu-tú.

dāmu (n.) “blood”; wr. ÚŠ, ÚŠ.MEŠ-šú-nu, [da-me],18 da-mi, da-mu. danānu 1 (n.) “might”; wr. da-na-an, da-na-an-šú-nu, da-na-an-šú-un, da-na-nu. danānu 2 (v.) D “to strengthen”; wr. ú-dan-nin, ú-dan-nin-ma, ú-dan-nin-ni-ma. dandannu (adj.) “all-powerful”; wr. dan-dan-na-ku, dan-dan-ni, dan-dan-nu. dannatu (n.) “fortified (place), fortress; foundation pit; cold weather”; wr. dan-na-as-su, dan-na-

at, dan-na-su, dan-na-ta. dannu (adj.) “strong”; wr. KAL, KAL.MEŠ, dan-na-ku, dan-na-tu, dan-na-tum, dan-na-tú, dan-ni,

dan-nu, dan-<nu>, dan-nu-te, dan-nu-ti, dan-nu-u-ti. dannūtu (n.) “strength; fortress”; wr. dan-nu-ti, dan-nu-ti-šú, dan-nu-ti-šú-nu, dan-nu-tu. dāriš (adv.) “for ever”; wr. da-ri-iš, da-riš. dārišam (adv.) “for ever”; wr. da-ri-[šam]**, dà-ri-šam. dārītu (n.) “eternity”; wr. da-ra-a-te, da-ra-a-ti, da-ra-a-tim, da-ra-te, da-rat. dāru (n.) “eternity”; wr. da-ri, da-rí. dārû (adj.) “lasting, eternal”; wr. da-re-e, da-ru-u, da-ru-ú, dà-re-e. dayyālu (n.) “scout”; wr. LÚ.da-a-a-lu!! (Text: LÚ.da-a-a-KU). dayyānu (n.) “judge”; wr. DI.KU5. dayyiqu (n.) “siege wall(s)”; wr. da-a-a-i-qu. dekû (v.) G “to raise; collect; muster; remove”; wr. [ad-ke-e],19 ad-ke-e-ma, ad-ke-ma, id-de-ki, id-

kam-ma, id-ke-e-ma, id-ku-šú-nu-ti, ta-ad-ka-a. dēkû (n.) “summoner”; wr. de-kàt. diāšu (v.) G “to tread down”; wr. ad-da-iš-ma, ad-iš. dibbu (n.) “words”; wr. dib-bi. dīktu (n.) “slaughter”; wr. di-ik-tú-šú. dīku (dēku) (adj.) “killed”; wr. de-e-ku. dikuggallu (n.) “chief justice”; wr. DI.KU5.GAL. dilu (n.) (meaning unknown); wr. NA4.di-lu. dilûtu (n.) “bucket”; wr. di-lu-ti, di-lu-ú-ti. dimātiš (adv.) “like towers”; wr. di-ma-ti-iš. dimtu (n.) “tower”; wr. URU.AN.ZA.GÀR.MEŠ**. dīnu (dēnu) (n.) “decision; judgment”; wr. de-e-ni**, de-en, de-ni. dišpu (n.) “honey”; wr. LÀL, LÀL.MEŠ, diš-pu. dīšu (n.) “(spring) growth”; wr. di-iš. ditalliš (adv.) “into ashes”; wr. di-tal-liš. diʾu (dû) (n.) “(deity’s) throne platform”; wr. du-u. dullu (n.) “work”; wr. dul-li. dullulu (adj.) “oppressed”; as n. “oppression”; wr. dul-lu-lu, dul-lu-lu-te, dul-lu-lu-tu.

18. Esarhaddon 7 ii´ 4´: probably read [da-mi] instead of [da-me]. 19. Esarhaddon 30 obv. 36´: read [ad-ke-e-ma] or [ad-ke-ma] instead of [ad-ke-e].


dummuqu (adj.) “good quality”; wr. dam-mu-qi, du-um-[mu-qu]. dumqu (n.) “good (thing), goodness”; wr. SIG5, SIG5.MEŠ-šú, du-un-[qi],20 du-un-qí, dum-qé-e-šu,

[dum-qé-e-šú-nu], dum-qi, dum-qí. dunnu (n.) “power”; wr. du-un-ni, du-un-nu. durgu (n.) “(royal) origin”; wr. du-ru-ug-[šu], du-rug-šú. dūru 1 (n.) “(city) wall”; wr. BÀD, BÀD-šu, BÀD-šú, BÀD.MEŠ-šú-nu. dūru 2 (n.) “permanence”; wr. du-rí, du-ur.

E ebbu (adj.) “bright; pure”; wr. eb-bi, eb-bu-te, eb-bu-ti, eb-bu-u-ti, eb-bu-ú-[ti]. ebēbu (v.) D “to cleanse”; wr. ub-bi-ib. ebēru (v.) G “to cross over”; wr. e-ber, e-te-bir. eblu (n.) “rope; cord”; wr. eb-le-e-[šùn], eb-li. ebūru (n.) “harvest; summer”; wr. BURU14. eddēšû (eddeššû) (adj.) “constantly self-renewing”; wr. e-deš-šú-u. edēlu (v.) G “to shut”; wr. e-di-il-šú, e-dil-šu. ēdēnu (adv.) “alone”; wr. e-da-[nu-a]. edēqu (v.) G “to dress”; wr. e-di-qa. edēšu (v.) D “to renovate”; wr. lu-diš, lu-ud-diš, ud-da-šú, ud-di-šu, ud-diš, ud-diš-ma, ud-du-

uš, ud-du-še, ud-du-šu, ú-da-šú**, ú-[ud-diš-ma]. edû 1 (idû) (adj.) “known”; wr. ZU-ú, [i-du-u],21 i-du-ú. edû 2 (n.) “wave”; wr. e-du-u, e-du-ú. edû 3 (v.) G “to know”; wr. i-[du],22 i-du-ú. egalturrû (n.) “little palace”; wr. É.GAL.TUR.RA. egerrû (gerrû) (n.) “ominous utterance”; wr. ger-re-e. egû (v.) G “to be negligent”; wr. e-gu-u. ēkallu (n.) “palace; palatial hall”; wr. É.GAL, É.GAL-ia, É.GAL-ía, É.GAL-šú, É.GAL.MEŠ,

É.GAL.MEŠ-ía, KUR. ēkallu in ša ēkalli (n.) “queen”; wr. MUNUS.É.GAL, MUNUS.É.GAL-šú, MUNUS.É.GAL.ME-šú,

MUNUS.É.GAL.MEŠ, MUNUS.É.GAL.MEŠ-šú, MUNUS.KUR. ekēlu (v.) G “to be dark”; wr. i-ki-lu. ekēmu (v.) G “to take away”; wr. e-kim-šú, e-kim-šú-ma, e-kim-šú-nu-ti. ekēpu (ekēbu) (v.) D “to be in good time”; wr. uk-ki-ba, uk-ki-pa-nim-ma. ēkīam (interr. pron.) “where?”; wr. e-ki-a-am. eklu (adj.) as n. “dark place”; wr. ek-let. ekṣiš (adv.) “insolently”; wr. ek-ṣi-iš. ēkurru (n.) “temple”; wr. É.KUR, É.KUR-ka, É.KUR.MEŠ, É.KUR.RA.MEŠ, é-kur-ri. elēlu (n.) “cheerful song”; wr. e-le-li. elēnu (adv.) “above”; as prep. “concerning”; wr. e-le-nu, e-le-nu-u-a.

20, Esarhaddon 3 vi 18´: read du-un-[qí] instead of du-un-[qi]. 21. Esarhaddon 104 ii 1; 105 ii 14: possibly read [i-du-ú] instead [i-du-u]. 22. Esarhaddon 98 obv. 35: read i-[du-ú] instead of i-[du].

40 JAMIE NOVOTNY

eleppu (n.) “ship”; wr. GIŠ.MÁ, GIŠ.MÁ.MEŠ. elēṣu (v.) G “to rejoice”; Š “to make joyful”; wr. e-li-iṣ, ul-lu-uṣ, ú-šá-li-ṣa. eli (prep.) “on, over; against; to; in; concerning”; wr. UGU, UGU-ia, UGU-ka, UGU-ši-na, UGU-šú,

UGU-šú-nu, e-li, e-li-šá, e-li-ši-in, e-li-šin. eliš (adv.) “higher value”; wr. e-liš. elītu in elât šamê (n.) “zenith”; wr. e-lat AN-e. ellāmu- (prep.) “before”; wr. el-la-mu-u-a. ellu (adj.) “pure”; wr. KÙ, KÙ-tim, KÙ.MEŠ, el-la, el-li, el-lu, el-lu-ú-tú. elû 1 (adj.) “upper”; wr. e-li-ti, e-li-tum. elû 2 (v.) G “to go up”; D “to elevate; raise”; Š “to install”; wr. E11-ma, e-lu-u, e-lu-ú, il-lu-u-ni, ul-

la-a, ul-li, ul-li-ma, ú-še-lam-ma, ú-še-li-šu-ma, ú-še-li-šú-ma. ēm (ēma) (prep.) “wherever”; wr. e-ma. emdu (endu) (adj.) “joined up”; wr. en-du. emēdu (v.) G “to impose; install, set up; dock (a ship)”; wr. e-mi-du, e-mid, e-mid-da, e-mid-su, e-

mid-su-nu-ti, e-mid-su-nu-ti-ma, e-mid-su-nu-u-ti, [e-mid]-su-nu-ú-ti, e-mid-šu-nu-ti, e-mì-da-[šú-ma], e-mì-du-šu-ma, e-mì-du-šú-ma, e-mì-id, e-mì-su, i-mì-du-[šú-ma].

emqu (enqu) (adj.) “wise”; wr. en-qu, en-qu-te*, en-qu-ti, en-qu-u-te, en-qu-ú-ti. emūqu (n.) “strength”; wr. e-mu-qa-šu-un, e-mu-qi, e-mu-qi-šú, e-mu-qi-šú-un, e-mu-qí, e-muq. enēnu (v.) G “to punish”; wr. e-ni-nu, i-ni-nu. enēšu (v.) G “to be weak”; wr. i-ni-šú. engisû (n.) (a stone); wr. NA4.EN.GI.SA6. ennettu (ennittu) (n.) “punishment”; wr. en-nit-ti. enšu (adj.) “weak”; wr. en-ši, [en]-šu. enû (v.) N “to be changed”; wr. BAL-u, en-ni, in-nen-nu-u, in-nen-nu-ú. enūtu (n.) “lordship”; wr. e-nu-us-sa. eperu (epru) (n.) “earth; ore”; wr. SAḪAR.ḪI.A, e-pe-ri, e-per, ep-ri, ep-ri-šú. epēšu (v.) G “to do; make; build; exercise, perform”; Š “to make”; N “to be done, made”; wr. DÙ,

[DÙ]-ma, DÙ-uš, DÙ-uš-ma, e-pe-e-ši, e-pe-še, e-pe-ši, e-pe-šu, e-pe-šú, e-peš, e-pu-uš, e-pu-uš-ma, e-pu-šu, e-pu-šu-ma, e-pu-šú, e-te-ep-pu-šá, e-te-né-ep-pu-šu, e-te-pu-šú, e-tep-pu-šu, e-tep-pu-šú, i-[ip-pu]-šu, i-pu-uš, i-pu-šu, i-tap-[pu]-šú, in-né-ep-šu-ma, in-né-ep-šú, ip-pu-šu, li-in-né-pu-uš, li-pu-uš-ma, tu-še-piš-ma***, ú-še-pi-šu, ú-še-pi-šú, ú-še-piš, ú-še-piš-ma.

epištu (n.) “deed; work”; wr. e-piš-ti, ep-še-e-te, ep-še-e-ti, ep-še-e-ti-šú-nu, ep-še-et, ep-še-ta-šú, ep-še-te-ia, ep-še-te9-e-šú, ep-[še]-ti, ep-še-ti-ia, ep-še-ti-ia5**, ep-še-ti-ši-na, ep-še-ti-šú, ep-še-ti-šú-nu, ep-še-tu-ú-a**, ep-še-tu-šú, ep-šet.

ēpišu (n.) “doer; builder”; wr. DÙ-ìš, e-piš. epšu (adj.) “built”; wr. ep-šu, ep-šú. eqlu (n.) “field”; wr. A.ŠÀ.MEŠ. erbâ (num.) “forty”; wr. 40. erbe (num.) “four”; wr. 4, LÍMMU, LÍMMU-te, LÍMMU-ti, LÍMMU-tim, er-bet-ti. erbe in šārī erbetti (n.) “four directions”; wr. IM.LÍMMU.BA. erbēšer (erbēšeret) (num.) wr. 14. erbu (irbu) (n.) “income”; wr. e-rib, i-rib. erbû (eribû) (n.) “locust”; wr. e-ri-bi. erēbu (v.) G “to enter”; Š “to make enter”; wr. e-re-bi, e-reb, e-ru-bu, e-ru-um-ma, i-te-né-er-


ru-bu, [ú-še]-ri-bu, ú-še-ri-bu-ma, ú-še-rib, ú-še-rib-ma, ú-še-rib-ú-ma, [ú-še]-rib-ši-ma, [ú-še-rib-šu-nu-ti],23 ú-še-rib-šú-nu-ti, šu-ru-ub.

erēnu (n.) “cedar”; wr. GIŠ.EREN, GIŠ.EREN.MEŠ, GIŠ.ere-ni. erēšu (v.) G “to request”; wr. e-ri-šu-in-ni. erīšu (erēšu) (n.) “scent”; wr. e-re-es-si-na, [e]-re-es-su-un, e-re-si, e-re-si-na, e-reš, er-es-si-na,

ere14-si-na, i-ri-si-in, i-ri-si-na. ermu (n.) “cover(ing)”; wr. er-me. ernittu (n.) “triumph”; wr. [er]-ni-it-ti-ia. erṣetu (n.) “earth; netherworld; ground; territory”; wr. KI, KI-ti, KI-tim, er-ṣe-et. eršu (adj.) “wise”; wr. er-šú. erû 1 (n.) “eagle”; wr. TI8.MUŠEN. erû 2 (n.) “grindstone”; wr. e-ru-u. esēqu (v.) G “to incise, carve”; wr. e-si-qa, e-siq, e-siq-ma. eṣēru (v.) G “to draw”; wr. eṣ-ṣi-ra. ešer (ešeret) (num.) “ten”; wr. 10. ešertu (ašartu) (n.) “shrine”; wr. a-šir-te, áš-ra-a-ti, áš-rat, eš-re-e-ti, eš-re-e-ti-šu, eš-re-e-ti-šú,

eš-re-e-tú, [eš]-re-ti-šú, eš-ret. ešēru (v.) G “to be successful” G, as n. “success”; Š “to direct, put in order”; Št “to get ready, put

in order; go straight ahead”; Štn iter.; N “to make towards”; wr. SI.SÁ, i-šir-ma, in-neš-ru-ma, uš-te-eš-še-ra, uš-te-še-ra, uš-te-ši-ru, uš-te-šir-ma, ú-še-še-ram-ma, ú-še-ši-ir, šu-te-šu-ri, šu-te-šur.

ešītu (išītu) (n.) “confusion”; wr. i-ši-ti. ešmarû (išmarû) (n.) (a silver alloy); wr. iš-ma-re-e. ešqu (adj.) “massive”; wr. eš-qi, eš-qí. ešrā (num.) “twenty”; wr. 20. ešru (adj.) “tenth”; wr. 10-e. eššēšu (iššēšu) (n.) (a feast day); wr. eš-še-[e-šu], iš-še-e-šú. eššēšu in ūm eššēši (n.) (a feast day); wr. UD.ÈŠ.ÈŠ. eššiš (adv.) “anew”; wr. GIBIL, eš-šiš. eššūtu (n.) “newness”; wr. eš-šu-te, eš-šu-ti, eš-šú-ti. ešû (n.) “confusion”; wr. e-ša. etelletu (n.) “pre-eminent lady”; wr. e-tel-let. etellu (n.) “pre-eminent”; wr. e-tel, e-tel-la-ku. etēqu (v.) G “cross (over); transgress”; Gtn “to parade”; wr. e-te-et-ti-iq, e-ti-iq, e-ti-qu, e-ti7-iq. eṭēru (v.) G “to save”; wr. li-ṭi-ra. eṭlu (adj.) as n. “young man”; wr. eṭ-lu, [eṭ]-lum. ewû 1 (emû) (adj.) “changed”; wr. e-mu-ú. ewû 2 (emû) (v.) G “to become”; Š “to make become”; wr. e-ma-a, e-me-ma, ú-še-me, ú-še-mi. ezēbu (v.) G “to leave; abandon”; Š “to save”; wr. e-zi-ba-ma, e-zi-bu-ma, e-zi-ib, e-zib, e-zib-u-

ma, i-zi-ba-ma, i-zi-bu-šun, ú-še-zi-bu, šu-zu-ub. ezēzu (v.) G “to be angry”; wr. e-zi-iz, e-ziz-ma. ezziš (adv.) “furiously”; wr. ez-zi-iš.

23. Esarhaddon 52 8´: probably read [ú-še-rib-šú-nu-ti] instead of [ú-še-rib-šu-nu-ti].

42 JAMIE NOVOTNY

ezzu (adj.) “furious”; wr. ez-ze-tú, ez-zi, ez-zu, ez-zu-te, ez-zu-ti, ez-zu-tu.

G gabadibbu (n.) “parapet”; wr. GABA.DIB-šá, gaba-dib-[be-šá],24 gaba-dib-bi-šá, gaba-dib-bi-šu,

gaba-dib-bi-šú, gaba-dib-bi-[šú-nu], gaba-dib-e-šá, gaba-dib-e-šu. gabarû (n.) “copy; opponent”; wr. GABA.RI, ga-ab-ra-šú. gabû (gabʾu) (n.) “alum”; wr. NA4.gab-e. gadamāḫu (n.) “superior linen garment”; wr. GADA.MAḪ.MEŠ**. galātu (v.) Š “to make frightening”; wr. ú-šag-li-du. gallu (adj.) “rolling”; wr. gal-la-tim. gamālu (v.) G “to spare”; wr. li-ig-mil. gamāru (v.) G “to bring to conclusion”; wr. ag-mu-ra, ag-mur-ma, ag-mur-ú-ma. gāmirūtu (gāmerūtu) (n.) “strength”; wr. [ga-me-ru-tu], ga-me-ru-tú. gammalu (n.) “camel”; wr. ANŠE.GAM.MAL, ANŠE.GAM.MAL.MEŠ, ANŠE.gam-mal-li. gamru (adj.) “complete”; wr. ga-mir. gapšu (adj.) “arisen”; wr. gap-šá-a-te, gap-šá-a-ti, gap-šu, gap-šu-ti. gašru (gešru) (adj.) “very strong”; wr. gaš-ru**, geš-ra-ku, geš-ru. gattu (n.) “form”; wr. gat-ta-šú-un, gat-tu. gerru (n.) “campaign”; wr. KASKAL-ia, KASKAL.II-ia, ger-ri**, ger-ri-ia, ger-ri-ía. gērû (gārû) (n.) “enemy”; wr. ga-re-e, ga-re-e-ia*, ga-re-e-ka, ga-re-e-šú, ga-ri-ía. gimillu (n.) “requital”; wr. gi-mi-li, gi-mil, gi-mil-li. gimru (n.) “totality; all”; wr. gi-mir, gi-mì-ir, gim-ri, gim-ri-šú. ginû (gennû) (n.) “regular offering”; wr. ge-en-na-a, gi-nu-u, gi-nu-ú. girimmu in girim ḫilibê (n.) (a precious stone); wr. NA4.GI.RIM.ḪI.LI.BA, NA4.GIRIM.ḪI.LI.BA. gīru (n.) “fire”; wr. GIŠ.BAR, dGIŠ.BAR. giskimmu (n.) “sign”; wr. gis-kim-bu-uš, gis-kim-ma, gis-kim-mu-uš. gišḫurru (n.) “design”; wr. GIŠ.ḪUR-šú, GIŠ.ḪUR.MEŠ-šú, giš-ḫur-ri, giš-ḫur-ri-šú. gišmaḫḫu (n.) “long beam”; wr. giš-maḫ-ḫi-šá. gišparru (n.) “trap”; wr. giš-par-ri-ia. gištappu (kilzappu) (n.) “footstool”; wr. kil-zap-pi. gitmālu (adj.) “perfect”; wr. gít-[ma-lu]. gugallu (n.) “irrigation controller”; wr. GÚ.GAL. guḫlu (n.) “antimony”; wr. gu-uḫ-li. gulgullu (n.) “skull”; wr. gul-gul-li-šú-nu. gullultu (n.) “sin”; wr. gul-lul-tu, gul-lul-tú. gullulu (v.) D “to sin”; wr. ú-gal-li-lu. gullutu (adj.) “frightened”; wr. gul-lu-ta-ma. gumāḫu (n.) “prize bull”; wr. GU4.MAḪ-ḫi, GU4.MAḪ.MEŠ. gummuru (adj.) “complete”; wr. [gu]-um-mu-ru. guqqû (n.) (a monthly offering); wr. guq-qa-ni-šú-nu. gušūru (n.) “beam”; wr. GIŠ.ÙR.MEŠ.

24. Esarhaddon 14 5ʹ: read gaba-dib-[bi-šá] instead of gaba-dib-[be-šá].


Ḫ ḫabābu (v.) Š “to make gurgle”; wr. li-šaḫ-bi-ba, ú-šaḫ-bi-ba. ḫabālu (v.) G “to do wrong”; wr. ḫa-ba-lu, [ḫab]-ba-lu,25 i-ḫab-bi-lu. ḫabātu (v.) G “to loot”; wr. ḫa-ba-ti, iḫ-bu-ta. ḫabbātu (n.) “plunderer”; wr. ḫab-ba-tum, ḫab-ba-tú. ḫābilu (ḫabbilu) (n.) “criminal”; wr. ḫa-bi-lum, ḫab-bi-lu, ḫab-bi-lum. ḫadîš (adv.) “happily”; wr. ḫa-di-iš, ḫa-diš. ḫadû (v.) G “to be joyful”; wr. iḫ-du-u. ḫādû (n.) “happy person”; wr. ḫa-du-ú. ḫalāpu (v.) D “to clothe someone with”; wr. ú-ḫal-li-pa. ḫalāqu (v.) G “to escape”; D “to destroy”; D, as n. “destruction”; wr. ZÁḪ-šú, ḫa-laq, ḫul-lu-qu, ḫul-lu-uq, iḫ-li-qu, li-ḫal-liq, li-ḫal-liq-ma, lu-ḫal-liq, ú-ḫal-li-qa, ú-ḫal-li-qu, ú-ḫal-liq.

ḫalqu (adj.) as n. “runaway”; wr. ḫal-qu. ḫamāṭu (v.) Š “to make hasten”; wr. ú-šaḫ-ma-ṭu, ú-šaḫ-mì-ṭa, šu-uḫ-miṭ. ḫāmimu (n.) “one who gathers (to oneself)”; wr. ḫa-mì-mat. ḫammāʾu (n.) “usurper”; wr. LÚ.ḫa-am-ma-ʾe-e. ḫammu (adj.) “gathered (to oneself)”; wr. ḫa-am-mat, ḫa-am-mu. ḫamiš (ḫamšat) (num.) “five”; wr. 5, 5.TA.ÀM**. ḫamšīšu (adv.) “five times”; wr. 5-šú. ḫamiššeret (num.) “fifteen”; wr. 15. ḫamšā (num.) “fifty”; wr. 50. ḫamuttu (n.) “haste”; wr. ḫa-mut-ti**. ḫarābu (v.) Š “to devastate”; wr. ú-šaḫ-ri-bu. ḫargallu (n.) “locking ring”; wr. ḫar-gul-li. ḫarḫarru (n.) “chain”; wr. ḫar-ḫar-ri. ḫarrānu (n.) “way; path”; wr. KASKAL, KASKAL.II**, KASKAL.II-šú-nu, KASKAL.II.MEŠ, KASKAL.

II.MEŠ-šú-nu, URU.KASKAL, ḫar-ra-an, ḫar-ra-nu. ḫarru (n.) “water channel”; wr. ḫar-ri. ḫarṭibi (n.) “(Egyptian) diviner”; wr. LÚ.ḫar-ṭi-bi.[MEŠ]. ḫarû (n.) (a sanctuary); wr. ḫa-re-e. ḫasāsu (v.) G “to be conscious”; wr. AḪ-su-[us]**, iḫ-su-sa**, iḫ-su-us-ma. ḫasīsu (ḫasissu) (n.) “ear; wisdom”; wr. [ḫa-si-sa],26 ḫa-si-si, ḫa-si-su-uš, ḫa-si-sún**, ḫa-sis, ḫa-

sis-si. ḫāsisu (n.) “one who remembers”; wr. ḫa-si-is, ḫa-sis. ḫassu (adj.) “clever, mindful”; wr. ḫa-as-su. ḫaṣāṣu (v.) D “to snap off”; wr. ú-ḫa-ṣi-iṣ-ma. ḫašāḫu (v.) G “to desire”; wr. iḫ-šu-ḫu. ḫašlu (adj.) as n. “bruised grain”; wr. ŠE.ḫaš-la-a-tú, ŠE.ḫaš-la-ti, ŠE.ḫaš-lat. ḫašû (n.) “lung(s)”; wr. ḫa-še-e-šá**. ḫašūru (n.) (a kind of cypress); wr. GIŠ.ḪA.ŠUR, ḪA.ŠUR.

25. Esarhaddon 108 i 4ʹ: read [ḫa]-ba-lu instead of [ḫab]-ba-lu. 26. Esarhaddon 48 19: read [ḫa-si-si], [ḫa-sis], or [ḫa-sis-si] instead of [ḫa-si-sa].

44 JAMIE NOVOTNY

ḫatanu (n.) “in-law”; wr. LÚ.ḫa-ta-na-ti-[šú]. ḫātu (n.) “terror”; wr. ḫa-at-tu, ḫat-tu, ḫat-tum. ḫaṭṭu (n.) “scepter”; wr. GIŠ.GIDRU. ḫaṭû (v.) G “to do wrong”; wr. aḫ-ṭi-ma, aḫ-ṭu-u, ḫa-ṭe-e, iḫ-ṭu-ka, iḫ-ṭu-u, iḫ-ṭu-ú. ḫāwiru (ḫayyiru) (n.) “husband”; wr. ḫa-a-a-i-ri-ki. ḫengallu (ḫegallu) (n.) “plenty”; wr. ḪÉ.GÁL, ḪÉ.GÁL.LA, ḫe-gal-la. ḫerû (v.) G “to dig”; Š “to make dig”; wr. ḫe-re-e, ú-šaḫ-ru-u-ma. ḫiāšu (v.) G “to hurry”; wr. i-ḫi-šu-ni. ḫiāṭu (v.) G “to check; seek out”; wr. a-ḫi-iṭ, a-ḫi-iṭ-ma, i-ḫi-iṭ-ma**. ḫibiltu (n.) “wrongdoing”; wr. ḫi-bil-ti, ḫi-bil-ti-šú-un. ḫidiātu (ḫidâtu) (n.) “joy”; wr. ḫi-da-a-te, ḫi-da-a-ti. ḫilāni (n.) “portico(ed building)”; wr. ḫi-la-ni. ḫimētu (n.) “ghee”; wr. Ì.NUN.NA, ḫi-[me-tu]. ḫimtu (ḫintu) (n.) “leather skin”; wr. KUŠ.ḫi-in-ti. ḫīpu (n.) “break(age)”; wr. GAZ, ḫi-ip. ḫīrtu (n.) “(equal ranking) wife”; wr. ḫi-rat. ḫissatu (n.) “mention”; wr. ḫi-is-sa-a-te-ši-na. ḫiṣbu (n.) “yield”; wr. ḫi-ṣib. ḫišiḫtu (ḫišeḫtu) (n.) “requirement”; wr. ḫi-še-eḫ-ti, ḫi-šiḫ-ti, [ḫi]-šiḫ-tu, [ḫi]-šiḫ-tum. ḫitlupu (adj.) “intertwined”; wr. [ḫi-it]-lu-pu-ti, ḫi-it-lu-up. ḫīṭu (ḫiṭṭu) (n.) “crime; penalty”; wr. ḫi-iṭ-ṭu, ḫi-ṭi, ḫi-ṭu. ḫubtu (n.) “plunder”; wr. ḫu-bu-us-su, ḫu-bu-ut. ḫūdu (ḫuddu) (n.) “happiness”; wr. ḫu-ud, ḫu-ud-du. ḫuliam (n.) “helmet”; wr. ḫúl-ia-am. ḫurāṣu (n.) “gold”; wr. KÙ.GI. ḫurrušu (adj.) “bound”; wr. ḫur-ru-šu, ḫur-ru-šú. ḫuršāniš (adv.) “like a mountain”; wr. ḫur-šá-niš. ḫuršānu (n.) “mountain(s)”; wr. ḫur-šá-a-ni. ḫušaḫḫu (n.) “need”; wr. ḫu-šaḫ-ḫu.

I ibbû (imbû) (n.) “loss”; wr. im-bé-e. ibru (n.) “friend”; wr. ib-ri-šú. idu (n.) “arm; side”; wr. Á-a-a, [Á].II-a-a, Á.MEŠ-šú, i-da-a-a, i-da-a-ka, i-da-a-šá, i-da-šu-un, i-

di, i-di-ia, i-di-šú. igāru (n.) “wall”; wr. É.GAR8, É.GAR8.MEŠ, É.GAR8.MEŠ-šú. igigallūtu (n.) “wisdom”; wr. igi-gál-lu-ti. igisû (n.) “gift”; wr. IGI.SÁ-e, i-gi-se-e. igulû (n.) “fine ointment”; wr. ì-gu-la-a. iḫzu 1 (adj.) “mounted”; wr. iḫ-zu. iḫzu 2 (n.) “mount”; wr. iḫ-zu-ši-na. ikkaru (n.) “farmer”; wr. LÚ.ENGAR. ikkibu (n.) “taboo; sacred thing”; wr. ik-ki-bé-e-šú, ik-kib, ik-kib-šu-un, ik-kib-šú.


ikribu (n.) “prayer; blessing”; wr. ik-ri-bi, ik-ri-bi-ka, ik-ri-bi-šu, ik-ri-bi-šú, ik-rib. ilittu (n.) “birth”; wr. i-lit-ti. ilku (n.) “state service”; wr. il-ku**. illatu (ellatu) (n.) “band, group (of soldiers)”; wr. el-lat-su, el-lat-su-nu. iltu (n.) “goddess”; wr. i-la-a-te, i-la-a-ti, i-lat, ìl-tum. ilu (n.) “god”; wr. DINGIR, DINGIR.DINGIR, DINGIR.ME, DINGIR.MEŠ, DINGIR.MEŠ-ni, DINGIR.MEŠ-

šá, DINGIR.MEŠ-ši-na, DINGIR.MEŠ-šú, DINGIR.MEŠ-šú-nu. ilūtu (n.) “divinity”; wr. DINGIR-su-un, DINGIR-ti-ka, DINGIR-ti-ku-nu, DINGIR-ti-šú, DINGIR-ti-šú-

nu, DINGIR-ti-šú-un, DINGIR-u-ti-šú-nu, DINGIR-us-su, DINGIR-ú-ti-šú-nu. imbaru (n.) “fog”; wr. im-ba-ri. imēru (n.) “donkey”; (a unit of capacity); wr. ANŠE, ANŠE.MEŠ, ANŠE.NÍTA.MEŠ. immeru (n.) “sheep”; wr. UDU.MEŠ, UDU.NÍTA.MEŠ. immu (n.) “daytime”; wr. im-ma. imna (adv.) “on the right”; wr. ZAG. imtu (n.) “poison; venom”; wr. i-mat, [i-mat]-su-un. ina (prep.) “in, on; by; from; at; to; during, within; when; among; through; with”; wr. i-na, ina. inbu (n.) “fruit”; wr. GURUN, GURUN.MEŠ. inu (conj.) “when”; wr. e-nu, i-nu-um. īnu (ēnu) (n.) “eye”; wr. IGI.II, IGI.II-šá, IGI.II-šu, IGI.II-šú-un, IGI.II.MEŠ-šú, e-nu. inūma (conj.) “when”; wr. e-nu-ma, i-nu-ma. inūšu (adv.) “at that time”; wr. i-nu-šu, i-nu-šú. irtu (n.) “breast; pectoral”; wr. GABA, GABA-su-un, i-rat-su, i-rat-su-un, ir-ti. isḫappu (n.) “villain”; wr. is-ḫap-pu. isinnu (n.) “festival”; wr. i-sin-ni. isqu (ešqu) (n.) “share”; wr. eš-qí, [is-qa-a-ti]**, is-qu-uš-šú-un. iṣratu (eṣretu) (n.) “ground-plan”; wr. eṣ-re-ti-šú, iṣ-rat-su. iṣṣūriš (adv.) “like a bird”; wr. iṣ-ṣu-riš. iṣṣūru (n.) “bird”; wr. [MUŠEN], MUŠEN.MEŠ, iṣ-ṣu-ri, iṣ-ṣu-ru. iṣu (n.) “tree; wood”; wr. GIŠ, GIŠ.ḪI.A, GIŠ.MEŠ, iṣ-ṣi. išariš (adv.) “normally”; wr. i-šá-riš. išaru (adj.) “righteous”; wr. i-šar-tu, i-šir-tu. išātu (n.) “fire”; wr. IZI. išdu (n.) “foundation; legs”; wr. SUḪUŠ, SUḪUŠ-di, iš-da-a-šú, iš-di-šú. išippu (n.) (a purification priest); wr. [LÚ.i-šip-pi],27 LÚ.i-šip-pí, i-šip-pu. išpatu (n.) “quiver”; wr. iš-pa-ti. iššiakku (iššakku) (n.) “city-ruler”; wr. ÉNSI**, iš-šak-ku. iššiakkūtu (iššakkūtu) (n.) “position of city-ruler”; wr. iš-šak-ku-su-un. ištānu (n.) “north wind”; wr. IM.SI.SÁ. ištaru (n.) “goddess”; wr. d15.MEŠ, d15.MEŠ-šú, dINANNA.MEŠ**, dINANNA.MEŠ-šú, dU.DAR.MEŠ,

diš-ta-ri, diš-tar, diš-tar-a-[ti], diš-tar-šin. ištēn (num.) “one”; wr. 1, 1-en, 1-et, AŠ.ÀM, iš-ten, iš-tén. ištēniš (adv.) “together”; wr. 1-niš, iš-te-niš.

27. Esarhaddon 53 rev. 1: read [LÚ.i-šip-pí] instead of [LÚ.i-šip-pi].

46 JAMIE NOVOTNY

ištēššer (ištēššeret) (num.) wr. 11. išti (issi) (prep.) “with”; wr. is-si-šú. ištu (ultu) (prep.) “from; after”; wr. TA, iš-tu, ul-tu, ul-tú. išû 1 (adj.) “having”; wr. i-ša-ku. išû 2 (v.) G “to have”; wr. i-šá-a, i-ši, i-šu-u, i-šu-ú, i-šú, i-šú-u, i-šú-ú. itpēšu (itpīšu) (adj.) “expert”; wr. it-pe-šu, it-pe-šú, it-pi-i-šú. itti (prep.) “with”; wr. KI, KI-ia, it-ti, it-<ti>, it-ti-ia, it-ti-šú, it-ti-šú-nu. ittu 1 (n.) “sign”; wr. Á, Á-ti, Á.MEŠ, i-da-a-ti-šá, i-da-at, it-tu. ittu 2 (n.) “sign”; wr. GISKIM, GISKIM.MEŠ, GISKIM.MEŠ-ia. itû (n.) “boundary; side”; wr. i-ta-a-ti-šá, i-ta-a-šá, i-ta-at, i-ta-šá-a, i-te-e. itūdu (adj.) “attentive”; wr. it-ú-du. itûtu (n.) “selection”; wr. i-tu-ut. izḫu (n.) “string”; wr. iz-ḫe-et. izuzzu (v.) G “to stand”; Š “to erect; station, make stand”; wr. GUB-iz, i-zi-iz, i-zi-zu, iz-zi-zu, iz-

ziz, li-zi-zu-nim-ma, li-šá-[zi]-zu-ni-ma, liš-zi-za-an-ni, liš-zi-za-ni, [ta]-zi-iz, ta-zi-iz-ma, ul-zi-iz, ul-ziz, ul-ziz-ma, uš-ziz, uš-ziz-ma, uš-ziz-su-nu-ti, ú-šá-zi-zu-ni-ma.

K

kabāru (v.) G “to be thick”; wr. ik-bi-ru-ma. kabāsu (v.) G “to tread”; Š “to make tread down”; wr. ak-bu-su, ak-bu-us, ik-bu-su, ik-bu-su-ma,

ú-šak-bi-sa, ú-šak-bi-su. kabattu (n.) “mind”; wr. ka-bat-su, ka-bat-ta-šá, ka-bat-ta-šú, ka-bat-ti, ka-bat-ti-ia, ka-bat-ti-ka,

ka-bat-ti-šú, ka-bat-ti-šú-nu, ka-bat-ti-šú-un, ka-bat-tuš, ka-bat-tú, kab-ta-as-su. kābisu (n.) “one who treads on”; wr. ka-bi-is. kabru (adj.) “large”; wr. kab-ru-ti. kabtu (adj.) “heavy; important”; as n. “important person”; wr. DUGUD-tú, ka-bi-tú, ka-bit-te, ka-

bit-ti, ka-bit-tu, ka-bit-tú, ka-bít-ti, kab-ta-ku, kab-ti, kab-tu, kab-tu-te, kab-tú. kadrû (n.) “present; bribe”; wr. kàd-ra-a-a, kàd-ra-<<kàd>>a-a, kàd-re-e. kakkabu (n.) “star”; wr. MUL.MEŠ. kakkaltu (n.) (an irrigation device); wr. kal-kal-tú. kakku (n.) “weapon”; wr. GIŠ.TUKUL, GIŠ.TUKUL-u-a, GIŠ.TUKUL-šú, GIŠ.TUKUL.MEŠ, GIŠ.TUKUL.

MEŠ-ia, GIŠ.TUKUL.MEŠ-ía, GIŠ.TUKUL.MEŠ-šú, GIŠ.TUKUL.MEŠ-šú-nu, GIŠ.TUKUL.MEŠ-šú-un. kalakku (n.) (a kind of wall plaster); wr. ka-lak-ku, ka-lak-ku-šá. kalāma (n.) “all (of it)”; wr. ka-la-ma, ka-la-mu, ka-lá-ma. kalbu (n.) “dog”; wr. UR.GI7. kallāpu (n.) (a foot-soldier); wr. LÚ.KAL.LAP.MEŠ, LÚ.kal-la-pu. kallātu (n.) “daughter-in-law”; wr. kal-lat***. kalû 1 (n.) “all”; wr. DÙ, DÙ-šá, DÙ-ši-na, DÙ-šu-nu, DÙ-šú, DÙ-šú-nu, DÙ-šú-un, ka-la, ka-li-ši-

na, ka-li-šú, ka-li-šú-nu, ka-li-šú-un, kal. kalû 2 (n.) “lamentation-priest”; wr. LÚ.GALA, LÚ.GALA.MEŠ. kalû 3 (v.) G “to hold (back); deprive”; wr. ak-la, ka-la-a-ta. kalūmiš (kalūmeš) (adv.) “like lambs”; wr. ka-lu-meš. kamāru (v.) N “to be heaped up”; wr. ik-kam-ru-ma.


kamāsu (v.) G “to kneel”; Š “to make kneel”; wr. ak-ta-mis, ak-tam-mis-ma, ú-šak-me-sa, ú-šak-me-su-šu-nu-ti.

kamîš (kamêš) (adv.) “in a bound state”; wr. ka-meš, ka-mi-iš, ka-mì-iš. kamru (adj.) “piled up”; wr. kam-ru-te. kamsu (adj.) “kneeling”; wr. ka-mis-ma, ka-mì-is, kam-su. kamû (v.) G “to capture”; wr. ak-mi-šú-nu-ti-ma**, ak-mu. kāmû (n.) “captor”; wr. ka-mu-u, ka-mu-ú. kanakku (n.) (meaning unknown); wr. ka-nak-ka-šú-nu. kanāšu (v.) G “to bow down”; Š “to make someone bow down”; wr. ik-nu-šu, ik-nu-šú, tu-šak-ni-

šá, ú-šak-ni-šá, ú-šak-ni-šá-[am-ma], ú-šak-ni-šu, ú-šak-ni-šú, ú-šak-niš-šú. kanšu (adj.) “submissive”; as n. lā kanši “unsubmissive”; wr. kan-šu, kan-šu-ti, kan-šu-ti-šu, kan-

šu-ti-šú, kan-šú, kan-šú-te-e-šú, kan-šú-ti, kan-šú-ti-šú. kânu (v.) G “to be permanent, firmly in place”; D “to establish firmly, fix, secure; fix; confirm”;

wr. GIN, i-kun, ki-in, kin-ni, ku-tu-un-ni, ku-un-ni, kun-nu, li-kin, li-kín-[nu], li-ku-na, li-ku-un*, li-kun, ú-ki-in, ú-ki-in-ma, ú-ki-in-nu**, ú-ki-nu, ú-kin, ú-kin-nu.

kapādu (v.) G “to plan”; Š “to make plan”; wr. i-kap-pu-du, ik-pu-du, ik-pu-ud-ma, ik-ta-pu-ud, ú-šak-pi-du.

kappu (n.) “wing”; wr. [kap-pi-šú].28 karābu (v.) G “to pray, bless”; Gtn iter.; wr. i-kar-ra-bu**, ik-ru-ba-ni-ma, ik-tar-ra-bu, ik-tar-ra-

bu-ni, lik-ru-ban-ni-ma, lik-tar-ra-bu, lik-[tar]-ra-bu-šú**, lik-tar-[rab]. karānu (n.) “wine”; wr. GEŠTIN, GEŠTIN.MEŠ. karāšu (n.) “military camp”; wr. KARAŠ, KARAŠ-su, KARAŠ-šú, ka-ra-ši, ka-ras-su-un. karātu (v.) D “to cut off”; wr. ú-kar-rit. karmiš (karmeš) (adv.) “into a ruin”; wr. kar-meš. karpatu (n.) “(clay) pot”; wr. kar-pat. karru (n.) “knob”; wr. kar-ri. karṣu (n.) “slander”; wr. kar-ṣi. karšu (n.) “mind”; wr. ka-ras-su, ka-ras-su-un, kar-še, kar-ši, kar-ši-ia. karû (n.) “grain-heap”; wr. ka-re-e. kāru (n.) “quay”; wr. KAR, ka-a-ri. kāru in rab kāri (n.) “harbormaster”; wr. LÚ.GAL.KAR.MEŠ. kaspu (n.) “silver”; wr. [KI].SAG, KÙ.BABBAR. kasû (v.) G “to bind”; wr. ak-sa-a. kaṣāru (v.) G “to organize”; wr. ak-ṣur, [ka]-ṣir. kāṣiru (n.) (a type of craftsman); “who arranges”; wr. LÚ.KA.ṢIR.MEŠ, [ka]-ṣir. kaṣru (adj.) “firmly joined”; wr. ka-ṣir-tú. kašādu (v.) G “to arrive; reach; conquer; achieve”; Š “to make achieve”; wr. KUR-ud, ak-šu-da,

ak-šu-dam-ma, ak-šu-du-ma, ak-šu-ud, ak-šu-ud-ma, ak-šud, ik-šu-da, ik-šu-dam-ma, ik-šu-dan-ni, ik-šu-du, ik-šu-du-ma, ik-šu-ud-ma, ka-šad, ka-šá-di, ka-šid, lik-šu-da, lu-uk-šu-ud, tu-šak-ši-da-an-ni-ma, tu-šak-ši-du, ú-šak-ši-du-uš, ú-šak-šid-uš.

kašāru (v.) G “to restore”; wr. ak-še-er, ak-ši-ir, ak-šir, ak-šír, ak-šìr, lik-šìr. kašāṭu (v.) G “to cut off”; wr. ik-ši-ṭu.

28. Esarhaddon 37 obv. 17´: possibly [a-gap-pi-šú] instead of [kap-pi-šú].

48 JAMIE NOVOTNY

kāšidu (n.) “conqueror”; wr. ka-šid. kaššu (adj.) “massive”; wr. kaš-šu. kašû (v.) D “to shore up”; wr. ú-ke-eš-šu-u. katāmu (v.) G “to cover”; wr. i-kàt-ta-mu. katāru (v.) G “to get (as) help”; wr. ik-te-ra. kayyānu (adj.) “regular”; as adv. “constantly”; wr. ka-a-a-an, ka-a-a-[nu], ka-a-an. kī (prep.) “like; as; in accordance with; when”; wr. ki-i. kīam (adv.) “thus”; wr. ki-a-am, ki-i-am. kibru (n.) “quarter, region”; wr. kib-ra-a-ti, kib-ra-te, kib-rat, kib-rat.MEŠ. kibsu (n.) “route”; wr. ki-bi-[is], kib-si. kidinnu (n.) “protection”; wr. ki-din, ki-din-ni, ki-din-nu. kidinnūtu (n.) “exempt status”; wr. ki-di-nu-tú, ki-di-nu-us-su-nu, ki-di-[nu-us-su-un], ki-din-nu-

su-nu**, ki-din-nu-su-un, ki-din-nu-sún, ki-din-nu-tu, ki-din-nu-us-su-un, ki-din-nu-ut. kīdu (n.) “outside”; wr. ki-da-šú. kidudû (n.) “rites”; wr. [ki-du]-de-e-šú.29 kigallu (n.) “socle; netherworld”; wr. ki-gal-la-šú-nu**, ki-gal-li. kilallān (pron.) “both”; wr. ki-la-ta-an, ki-lal-la-an. kilīliš (adv.) “as with a wreath”; wr. ki-li-liš. kīma (prep.) “like; as; according to”; wr. GIM, ki-ma. kimaḫḫu (n.) “grave”; wr. KI.MAḪ**. kimtu (n.) “family”; wr. kim-ti. kīniš (kēniš) (adv.) “truly”; wr. ke-niš. kīnu (kēnu) (adj.) “permanent, true; reliable; stable”; wr. GI.NA, ke-e-ni, ke-e-nu, ke-e-nu-tú, ke-

nim, ke-nu**, ki-i-nu. kirimaḫḫu (n.) “park”; wr. GIŠ.KIRI6.MAḪ. kirû (n.) “(fruit) plantation”; wr. GIŠ.KIRI6. kisallu (n.) “forecourt”; wr. KISAL, ki-sal, ki-sal-la-ša, ki-sal-la-šá. kisittu (n.) “ancestry”; wr. ki-sít-ti, ki-sít-tú. kiṣru (n.) “knot; contingent”; wr. ki-ṣir. kiṣṣu (n.) “shrine”; wr. ki-iṣ-ṣi-šú-nu. kišādu (n.) “neck; shore”; wr. GÚ, GÚ-ia, ki-šad-su-un, ki-šá-a-di, ki-šá-di, ki-šá-di-ia. kišittu (n.) “achievement; conquest; booty”; wr. KUR-ti, ki-šit-ti. kiškattû (n.) “craftsman”; wr. [LÚ.kit]-kit-tu-u. kiššatu (n.) “totality, world”; wr. KIŠ, kiš-šat, kiš-šá-ti, ŠÚ. kiššūtu (n.) “exercise of power”; wr. kiš-šu-te. kišubbāniš (kišubbiš) (adv.) “into a waste”; wr. ki-šub-bi-ìš. kišubbû (n.) “waste ground”; wr. ki-šub-ba-a. kitmusu (adj.) “kneeling”; wr. kit-mu-su. kitnušu (adj.) “submissive”; wr. kit-nu-uš, kit-nu-šu, kit-nu-šú. kitru (n.) “ally; auxiliaries”; wr. kit-ru. kittu (n.) “truth”; wr. ki-na-a-ti, ki-tú, kit-ta, kit-te, kit-ti, kit-tu, kit-tum, kit-tú. kitû (n.) “linen”; wr. GADA.

29. Esarhaddon 116 rev. 25: possibly [pel-lu]-de-e-šú instead of [ki-du]-de-e-šú.


kû (pron.) “yours”; wr. ku-um-mu. kubšu (n.) “headdress”; wr. SAGŠU**. kudurru (n.) “carrying frame”; wr. ku-du-ru, ku-du-ur-ri, ku-dúr-ru. kulbābāniš (kulbābiš) (adv.) “like ants”; wr. kul-ba-biš. kulbābu (n.) “ant”; wr. kul-ba-bi. kullatu (n.) “all of”; wr. kul-lat. kullumu (v.) D “to show”; Š “to reveal”; Štn iter.; wr. kul-lu-mi-am-ma, kul-lu-mi-im-ma, kul-lu-

mì-im-ma, kul-lum-mi-ma, uš-ta-nak-la-man-ni, uš-ta-nak-la-mu, ú-kal-lim, ú-šak-li-ma. kulūlu (n.) “cornice”; wr. ku-lul. kūm (prep.) “instead of”; wr. ku-um. kummu (n.) “cella”; wr. ku-um-mu. kunnu (adj.) “firmly established”; wr. kun-nat-ma. kūnu (kunnu) (n.) “firmness”; wr. ku-un, ku-un-ni, kun, kun-ni, kun-nu. kunukku (n.) “seal”; wr. NA4.KIŠIB. kunzu (n.) (a leather bag); wr. KUŠ.kun-zi, kun-zi. kupru (n.) “bitumen”; wr. ESIR**, ESIR.UD.A. kurību (n.) (an ethereal spirit); wr. dku-ri-bi. kurunnu (n.) (a kind of beer); wr. KURUN.NAM, ku-ru-un-ni, ku-ru-un-nu. kusarikku (n.) “bison”; wr. ku-sa-rik-ki. kussû (n.) “throne”; wr. GIŠ.GU.ZA, GIŠ.GU.ZA-šú, GU.ZA-šú. kūṣu (kuṣṣu) (n.) “coldness, winter”; wr. EN.TE.NA, ku-uṣ-ṣu. kušīru (n.) “success”; wr. [ku-UZU]. kuštāru (kultāru) (n.) “tent”; wr. kul-ta-ri. kutallu (n.) as prep. “behind”; wr. ku-tal. kutīmu (n.) “goldsmith”; wr. KÙ.DÍM.<MEŠ>, LÚ.KÙ.DÍM. kuzbu (n.) “attractiveness”; wr. ḪI.LI.

L lā (neg. particle) “not”; wr. NU, la, la-a. labānu (v.) G “to stroke”; Š “to have bricks made”; wr. al-bi-[na], il-bi-nu, la-ba-ni**, la-ban,

ú-šal-bi-in, ú-šal-bi-na. labāriš (adv.) “to become old”; wr. la-ba-riš. labāru (v.) G “to be old”; Š “to allow to last long, make long lasting”; wr. i-la-ab-bi-ru-ma**, [i]-

lab-bi-ra-a-ma, [i]-lab-bi-ra-ma, i-lab-bi-ru-ma, la-ba-a-ri, la-ba-ri, li-šal-bi-ru**, [lil-bi-ra], lil-bur***, lu-šal-bir, ú-šal-ba-ru, šul-bur.

labāšu (v.) D “to provide with clothing”; Š “to overlay”; N “to clothe oneself”; wr. at-tal-bi-iš, ú-la-bi-iš, ú-lab-ba-šú-uš, [ú]-lab-biš, ú-lab-biš-ma, ú-šal-bi-šú, ú-šal-biš-ma.

lābinu (n.) “brick-maker”; wr. la-bi-in. labīru (labru) (adj.) “old, original”; wr. SUMUN-šú, la-ab-ru, la-bi-ra-a-ti. labīrūtu (n.) “old age”; wr. la-bi-ru-ta. lābiš (labbiš) (adv.) “like a lion”; wr. lab-bi-[iš], lab-biš. labšu (adj.) “clothed”; wr. la-biš. lābu (labbu) (n.) “lion”; wr. lab-bu.

50 JAMIE NOVOTNY

laḫmu (n.) “a mythical being”; wr. dlàḫ-me. laʾiṭu (adj.) “encircled”; wr. la-iṭ-ṭu. lalāʾiš (adv.) “like kids”; wr. la-la-ʾi-iš. lalû (n.) “charms”; wr. la-la-a, la-la-a-šá, la-le-e, la-li-ia. lamādu (v.) Š “to teach”; wr. šul-mu-di. lamassu (n.) “(female) tutelary deity”; (a type of sphinx); wr. LAMMA.MEŠ,30 MUNUS.dLAMMA.

MEŠ, la-mas-si, dLAMMA, dLAMMA.MEŠ. lānu (n.) “height”; wr. la-a-nu. lapān(i) (prep.) “from; before”; wr. la-pa-an. lapātu (v.) Š “to destroy”; Št “to cause to be affected”; wr. uš-tal-pit, ú-šal-pít. laplaptu (n.) “thirst”; wr. lap-lap-tu. lawû (lamû) (v.) G “to surround”; Š “to make surround”; wr. al-me, [al]-me-ma, al-me-šu-ma, al-

mi, il-me-šu-ma, il-me-šú-ma, il-mu-u, ú-šal-ma-a. lemēnu (v.) D “to become miserable; make bad”; wr. li-lam-min4-ma, ú-lam-mì-in-ma, ú-lam-mì-

nu. lemniš (adv.) “wrongly”; wr. lem-niš. lemnu (adj.) “evil”; as n. “evil”; wr. ḪUL.MEŠ, lem-né-e-ti, lem-ni, lem-nu, lem-nu-u-ti, lem-nu-ú-

ti. lemuttu (n.) “evil”; wr. ḪUL, ḪUL-tim, MUNUS.ḪUL, le-mut-tim, le-mut-tu, le-mut-tú. leqû (v.) G “to take; accept”; wr. al-qa-a, al-qa-a-[šú], al-qam-ma, al-qé, il-qa-a, il-qa-am-ma. lēqû (n.) “one who takes”; wr. le-qa-a-ti. lētu (n.) “cheek; side”; wr. le-et, le-et-ka. lēʾû (adj.) “competent”; wr. le-ʾe-é-um, le-ʾu, le-ʾu-u, le-ʾu-u-ti, le-ʾu-um, le-ʾu-ú, le-ʾu-ú-te, le-ʾu-

ú-ti. lēʾûtu (n.) “competence”; wr. Á.GÁL-u-tú. libbu (n.) “heart; interior”; wr. lib-ba-šú, lib-bi, lib-bi-ia, lib-bu, lib-bu-uš, lìb-ba-ka, lìb-ba-šá**,

lìb-ba-šu, lìb-ba-šú, lìb-ba-šú-nu, lìb-ba-šú-un, lìb-bi, lìb-bi-ia, lìb-bi-ía, lìb-bi-šu, [lìb-bi]-šu-nu, lìb-bi-šú, lìb-bi-šú-nu, lìb-bu, ŠÀ, ŠÀ-ia, ŠÀ-ma, ŠÀ-šú, ŠÀ-šú-nu.

libittu (n.) “mudbrick; brickwork”; wr. SIG4, SIG4-su, SIG4-[su-un], SIG4.ḪI.A, li-bit-tu, li-bit-tuš, [li]-bit-tú, lib-na-as-su.

liginnu (n.) “(type of) tablet”; wr. IM.GÍD.DA. lillu (n.) “idiot”; wr. lil-[li]. lillūtu (n.) “idiocy”; wr. lil-lu-ta. līm (num.) “thousand”; wr. LIM. līmu (n.) “eponym (of year)”; wr. li-mu, lim-me, lim-mu. liptu (n.) “undertaking”; wr. lip-ta-at. līpu (līplīpi, liblibbi) (n.) “descendant”; wr. [li]-ip-li-ip, li-ip-li-pi, lìb-lìb-bi, [lip]-lip, ŠÀ.BAL.BAL. lišānu (n.) “tongue; speech; report; (commercial) relation”; wr. EME, li-šá-a-nu. litbušu (adj.) “decorated”; wr. lit-bu-šú. litmudu (adj.) “learned”; wr. lit-mu-du. littūtu (n.) “(extreme) old age”; wr. lit-tu-ti, lit-tu-tu, lit-tu-ú-tu. lītu 1 (n.) “victory”; wr. li-i-ti, li-i-tú.

30. Esarhaddon 3 v 17´: read [d]˹LAMMA˺.MEŠ instead of ˹LAMMA˺.MEŠ.


lītu 2 (n.) “cow”; wr. ÁB.GU4.ḪI.A**. līʾu (lû) (n.) “bull”; wr. le-e. liwītu (limītu) (n.) “entourage; environs”; wr. li-bit, li-me-et, li-me-te-šú-nu, li-me-ti-šú, li-me-ti-

šú-nu. lū (conj.) “or”; as asseverative particle, “may”; wr. lu, lu-u, lu-ú. lubuštu (lubultu) (n.) “clothing”; wr. TÚG.lu-bul-ti, lu-bu-uš-te, lu-bu-uš-tu, lu-bul-ti. lulīmu (lulimmu) (n.) “stag”; wr. lu-lim-mu. lulû (n.) “splendor”; wr. lu-le-e. lumāšu (n.) “constellation”; wr. lu-ma-a-še, lu-ma-še. lummunu (adj.) “very bad”; wr. lu-mu-un-tú. lumnu (n.) “evil”; wr. [lum]-na.

M madādu (v.) D “to measure (out)”; wr. [ú-ma]-an-di-id. maddattu (mandattu) (n.) “payment”; wr. ma-da-at-ti, ma-da-ti, man-da-at-ti, man-da-at-tu, man-

da-at-tú, man-da-ti, [man-da]-tu, [man]-da-tú. mādiš (maʾdiš) (adv.) “greatly, very”; wr. ma-a-diš, ma-aʾ-diš, ma-diš. mādu (maʾdu) (adj.) “many; much”; wr. ma-a-du, ma-aʾ-du, ma-ʾa-si. mâdu (v.) Š “to make numerous”; wr. šúm-ud. magal (adv.) “very (much)”; wr. ma-gal. magāru (v.) G “consent”; G, as n. “acceptance”; wr. im-gu-ru, im-gúr, ma-ga-ru, ŠE.GA. māgiru (adj.) as n. lā māgiri “unsubmissive”; wr. ma-<gi>-re-e-šú, ma-[gi-re-e-šú], ma-gi-ri, ma-

gi-ru. maḫāru (v.) G “to receive; present; appeal to”; Gtn iter.; N “to be faced; be present”; wr. am-ḫu-

ra, am-ḫur, am-ḫur-šú-nu-te-ma, im-da-[ḫa-ru], im-ḫur**, im-ḫur-ma, im-maḫ-ḫa-ru, in-da-ḫar-ma, lim-ḫu-ru, ma-ḫar, ú-šam-ḫi-ir-šú-nu-ti-ma, ú-šam-ḫi-ra, ú-šam-[ḫir], ú-šam-ḫir-ma.

maḫāṣu (v.) G “to beat; hit”; wr. am-[ḫa]-aṣ, am-ḫa-su-ma, im-ḫa-aṣ. māḫāzu (n.) “cult center”; wr. ma-ḫa-zi, ma-ḫa-zi-šú-nu, ma-ḫa-zu. maḫḫû (n.) “ecstatic”; wr. LÚ.maḫ-ḫe-e, maḫ-ḫe-e. maḫḫūtiš (adv.) “like a female ecstatic”; wr. maḫ-ḫu-tíš. maḫīriš (adv.) “at market value”; wr. ma-ḫi-riš. maḫīru (n.) “opponent”; wr. KI.LAM. māḫiru (n.) “market price”; wr. GABA.RI, ma-ḫi-ra, ma-ḫi-ri. maḫra (adv.) “before”; wr. maḫ-ra**. maḫru (n.) “front”; as prep. “before”; wr. IGI, IGI-ia, ma-ḫar, <<ma-ḫar>>, ma-ḫar-šu-un, ma-ḫar-šú, ma-ḫar-šú-nu, ma-ḫar-šú-un, maḫ-ri, maḫ-ri-ia, maḫ-ri-ía, maḫ-ri-ma, maḫ-ru-uš-šú.

maḫrû 1 (adj.) “first, former”; wr. ma-ḫar, maḫ-ra-a, maḫ-re-e, maḫ-ri, maḫ-ri-i, maḫ-ri-te, maḫ-ri-ti, maḫ-ri-tu, maḫ-ru-te, maḫ-ru-ti, maḫ-ru-tú, maḫ-ru-u, maḫ-ru-ú, maḫ-ru-ú-ti.

mahrû 2 (adv.) “previously”; wr. [maḫ-re]-e, maḫ-ri, maḫ-rim-ma. maḫṣu (adj.) “beaten”; wr. maḫ-ṣu. maḫû (v.) N “to become frenzied”; wr. im-ma-ḫu-ma. mākaltu (n.) “wooden dish”; wr. ma-kal-ti. makāru (v.) G “to water”; Š “to provide irrigation”; wr. am-ki-ra, ú-šam-ki-ra.

52 JAMIE NOVOTNY

makkūru (n.) “property”; wr. NÍG.GA, NÍG.GA-šú, NÍG.GA-šú-nu, [NÍG].GA.MEŠ. makû (adj.) “destitute”; wr. ma-ku-ú. makûtu (n.) “destitution?”; wr. ma-ku-tu. mala (prep.) “as much as”; wr. ma-la, ma-li, mal. malāku (v.) G “to advise”; Gt “to discuss”; wr. im-li-ku-ma, im-tal-li-ku**. mālaku (n.) “course; march”; wr. ma-la-ka, ma-la-ki-šu-nu, ma-lak. māliktu (n.) “adviser”; wr. ma-li-kàt. māliku (n.) “adviser”; wr. ma-li-ke-e-šá, ma-li-ke-e-šú, ma-li-ki-ia, ma-li-ki-šu, ma-li-ki-šú. malkatu (n.) “ruler”; wr. ma-al-kát. malku (n.) “ruler”; wr. ma-al-ki, ma-al-ku, ma-li-ki, ma-li-ku, mal-ki, mal-ku. malû 1 (adj.) “full”; wr. ma-la-tu, ma-li**, ma-lu, ma-lu-u, ma-lu-ú. malû 2 (n.) “abundance”; wr. ma-le-e. malû 3 (v.) G “to be full”; D “to fill (up); entrust; deliver”; ŠD ~ D; wr. im-la-ma, im-[lu-u], im-

[lu-ú], li-[mal]-li, lu-mal-li, tu-ma-al-lu-u**, tu-ma-al-lu-ú, tu-mal-lu-ú, uš-ma-al-li, uš-mal-li, uš-<<ma>>-mal-li, ú-ma-al-la-a, ú-ma-al-li, ú-mal-a, ú-mal-la-[a], ú-mal-li, ú-mal-lu, ú-mal-lu-u, ú-mal-lu-ú, ú-šam-li.

māmītu (n.) “oath”; wr. ma-mit. mamman (indefinite pron.) “anybody; somebody”; wr. ma-am-ma-an, mam-ma-an, mám-ma. manāma (indefinite pron.) “somebody”; wr. ma-na-ma. mānitu (n.) “(gentle) wind”; wr. ma-nit. mannu (interr. pron.) “who?, whoever”; wr. man-ni, man-nu. mannummê (indefinite pron.) “who(so)ever”; wr. man-nu-me-e. manû (n.) “mina (c. 480 grams)”; wr. MA.NA, MA.NA.TA.ÀM. manû (v.) G “to count; deliver”; N “to be counted; be delivered”; wr. am-na, am-nu, am-nu-u,

im-ma-ni, im-ma-nu-ú, im-nu-u. mānu (n.); ina lā māni “countless”; wr. ma-a-ni. manziat (n.) “rainbow”; wr. dTIR.AN.NA. maqātu (v.) G “to fall”; Š “to cut down”; wr. im-qut-am-ma, im-qut-su-ma, in-qut-su-[ma], li-šam-

qí-tu, šum-qut. maqittu (n.) “dilapidation”; wr. ma-qit-ta-šú, ma-qit-ti. maqtu (adj.) “fallen”; as n., “collapsed part(s);”; wr. ma-aq-ti, ma-aq-tu, ma-aq-tu-ti. marāru (v.) Š “to make prevail”; wr. li-šam-ri-ir. marāṣu (v.) G “to displease”; wr. im-ra-ṣa-ma. markasu (n.) “bond”; wr. mar-kas. marqītu (n.) “refuge”; wr. mar-qí-ti. marru (n.) “spade”; wr. GIŠ.MAR, mar-ri. marṣiš (adv.) “laboriously”; wr. GIG-iš, mar-ṣi-iš. marṣu (adj.) “difficult”; wr. GIG.MEŠ, mar-ṣu, mar-ṣu-ti, mar-ṣu-ú-ti. martu (n.) “bile”; wr. mar-tú. mārtu (n.) “daughter”; wr. DUMU.MUNUS, DUMU.MUNUS.MEŠ-šú. māru (n.) “son; descendant; citizen; member of a group”; wr. A, A-šú, DUMU, DUMU-ia***,

DUMU-šá***, DUMU-šú, [DUMU].ME, DUMU.MEŠ, DUMU.<MEŠ>, DUMU.MEŠ-e-a*, DUMU.MEŠ-ia, DUMU.MEŠ-ía, DUMU.MEŠ-šú, LÚ.DUMU.MEŠ, ma-a-ru.

marû (adj.) “fattened”; wr. ma-re-e, ma-ru-ti.


maruṣtu (maruštu) (n.) “evil”; wr. ma-ru-uš-ti. masāku (v.) Š (meaning uncertain); wr. li-šam-si-ku. masnaqtu (n.) “inspection”; wr. mas-naq-ti. maṣû (v.) G “to achieve”; Š “to allow to achieve”; wr. am-ṣu-u, ú-šam-ṣu-in-ni**. mašāḫu (v.) G “to measure”; wr. am-šu-uḫ, am-šu-uḫ-ma. mašālu (v.) G “to equal someone”; wr. im-šu-la. māšartu in ēkal māšarti (n.) “review palace”; wr. ma-šar-te, ma-šar-ti. mašāʾu (v.) G “to take away by force”; wr. im-šu-ʾu. maškanu (n.) “site”; wr. maš-kan**, maš-kán, maš-kán-i-šú, maš-kán-šú. mašku (n.) “skin”; wr. ma-šak. mašku in mašak pīri (n.) “elephant hide”; wr. KUŠ AM.SI. mašqītu (n.) “watering place”; wr. maš-qat6-ši-na**, maš-qit, maš-qí-ti, maš-qí-tú**. mašrû (mešrû) (n.) “riches”; wr. meš-ri-i. maštaku (n.) “chamber”; wr. maš-tak. mašʾu (adj.) “robbed”; wr. maš-ši-iʾ-ti**. mašû 1 (adj.) “forgotten”; wr. ma-šu-ú-ti. mašû 2 (v.) G “to forget”; wr. in-ši-ma, ma-še-e. māšu (adj.) “twin”; as n. “twin”; wr. maš-šá-a-ti, maš-šé-e, maš-ši-šu, maš-šu-te. matgiqu (n.) “vault?”; wr. mat-gi-gu, mat-gi-qu. matīma (adv.) “ever”; wr. im-ma-te-ma-a, ma-ti-ma. mātu (n.) “land”; wr. KUR, KUR-ia, KUR-ka, KUR-su, KUR-su-nu**, KUR-ti-šá, KUR-x, KUR-šá,

KUR-šu, KUR-šu-un, KUR-šú, KUR-šú-nu, KUR-šú-un, KUR.KUR, KUR.KUR-šú-nu, KUR.KUR.RA, KUR.KUR.RE, KUR.MEŠ, KUR.MEŠ-te, KUR.MEŠ-šú-nu, ma-a-te, ma-a-ti, ma-a-ti-šú-un, ma-a-tu, ma-a-tú, ma-at, ma-ta-[a]-ti, ma-ti, ma-ti-šú, ma-ti-šú-un.

maṭṭaltu (n.) “mirror image”; wr. ma-aṭ-lat. maṭû (adj.) as adv. “less”; wr. LAL-u. mâʾu (v.) G “to vomit (bile)”; wr. i-ma-ʾu. mayyālu in bīt mayyāli (n.) “bedroom”; wr. É.KI.NÁ.MEŠ. mazzaztu (manzaztu) (n.) “position”; wr. man-zal-ti-šú-nu. mazzāzu (manzāzu) (n.) “position; socle”; wr. KI.GUB, man-za-az, man-za-su-nu, man-za-zi-šú-nu. meʾatu (n.) “(one) hundred”; wr. ME. meḫretu (n.) “front”; as prep. “towards”; wr. meḫ-ret, mé-eḫ-ret. meḫru (n.) “copy”; wr. me-eḫ-ret. meḫṣu (miḫṣu) (n.) “wound”; wr. mi-ḫi-iṣ. meḫû (n.) “storm”; wr. me-ḫe-e, me-ḫi-i. melemmu (melammu) (n.) “fearsome radiance”; wr. ME.LÁM, me-lam-me, me-lam-mu. mēreḫtu (n.) “insolence”; wr. me-re-eḫ-tu. mērênû (mīrânû) (adj.) as n. “naked”; wr. mi-ra-nu-te, mi-ra-nu-ti. mesû (v.) G “to wash”; wr. am-si***. mêsu (v.) G “to crush”; wr. li-mis, lu-mì-iš. mêšu (v.) G “to disregard; neglect”; wr. a-me-šú, i-me-šá. mētequ (mētiqu) (n.) “route; course”; wr. me-te-qí, me-ti-iq. migru (n.) “favorite; initiative”; wr. mi-gi-ir, mi-gir, mi-gir-i-šá, mi-gir-šú-un, mi-ig-ri-šá, mi-

ig-ri-šú.

54 JAMIE NOVOTNY

miksu (n.) “toll”; wr. mi-ik-si. milku (n.) “advice, counsel”; wr. mi-lik, mil-ki. mīlu (n.) “high water”; wr. ILLU, ILLU-šá**, ILLU.MEŠ, mi-li-ši-na. mimma (indefinite pron.) “anything; all”; wr. mim-ma. mimmû (indefinite pron.) “all that”; wr. mim-mu-u, [mim]-mu-ú. minītu (n.) “measure; limbs”; wr. mi-na-a-ti, mi-ni-ti. mīnu 1 (interr. pron.) “what?”; wr. mi-na-a. mīnu 2 (n.) (ana/ina) lā mīni “without number”; wr. mi-na**, mi-ni, mì-ni. minûtu (n.) “calculated time”; wr. mi-nu-tu, mi-nu-ut. miqittu (n.) “collapse”; wr. mi-qit-ti. misarru (meserru) (n.) “(metal) band”; wr. me-ser. mīsu in mīs pî (n.) “mouth washing”; wr. KA.LUḪ.Ù.DA, KA.LUḪ.UD.DA. miṣru (n.) “border”; wr. mi-ṣir, mì-ṣir. mīšaru (n.) “justice”; wr. mi-šá-ri, mi-šá-ru. mišiḫtu (n.) “dimension; distance”; wr. mi-ši-iḫ-ta-šu, mi-ši-iḫ-ta-šú, mi-ši-iḫ-ti, mi-šiḫ-ta-šú. miširtu (n.) “produce (of the sea and rivers)”; wr. mi-šìr-ti. mišītu (n.) “oblivion”; wr. mi-šit. mišlu (n.) “half; one-half”; wr. mì-šil, 1/2. mitgāru (adj.) “favorable”; wr. mit-ga-ri, ŠE.GA-tú. mitḫāriš (adv.) “in the same manner”; wr. mit-ḫa-riš. mitḫartu (n.) “(side of a) square; mankind”; wr. mit-ḫar-ti, mit-ḫar-tim, mit-ḫar-tu**. mitḫuṣūtu (mitḫaṣūtu) (n.) “battle”; wr. mit-ḫa-ṣu-tú. miṭītu (n.) “decrease”; wr. mi-ṭi-tú. miṭṭu (n.) (a divine weapon); wr. GIŠ.KU.AN**. mû (n.) “water”; wr. A.MEŠ, mu-ú. muballiṭu (n.) “who brings life”; wr. mu-bal-liṭ. mubbibu (n.) “that purifies”; wr. mu-ub-bi-ib. mudammiqu (n.) “who makes good”; wr. mu-dam-mì-iq. muddišu (n.) “restorer”; wr. mu-di-iš, mu-diš, mu-ud-di-iš, mu-ud-diš. mūdû (muddû) (adj.) “knowing”; wr. mu-de-e, mu-du-u, mu-du-ú, mu-ud-du-u. mugerru (n.) “wheel”; wr. mu-ger-ri. muḫaddû (n.) “who gives delight”; wr. mu-ḫa-du-u. muḫalliqu (n.) “who destroys”; wr. mu-ḫal-li-qu. muḫḫu (n.) “skull”; as prep. “over”; wr. UGU, muḫ-ḫa-šú-nu, muḫ-ḫi, muḫ-ḫi-ia. mukabbû (n.) “tailor”; wr. [LÚ.TÚG].KAL.MEŠ. mukannû (n.) “who looks after something”; wr. mu-kan-nu-ú. mukillu (n.) “holder”; wr. mu-kil. mukinnu (n.) “one who confirms, firmly establishes, lays out (plans)”; wr. mu-ki-in, mu-kin, mu-

kin-ni, mu-kin-nu. mulaʾʾiṭu (n.) “who encircles”; wr. mu-la-ʾi-iṭ. mullilu (n.) “one who cleanses”; wr. mu-ul-lil. mulmullu (n.) “arrow”; wr. mul-mul-li, mul-mul-lu. mummu (n.) “lift-giving force?”; wr. mu-um-me. mumtalku (muntalku) (adj.) “circumspect”; wr. mun-tal-ku.


munaḫḫišu (n.) “one who grants prosperity”; wr. mu-na-ḫi-iš. munaʾʾišu (n.) “veterinary surgeon”; wr. [LÚ].mu-na-i-ši. munakkiru (n.) “one who alters something”; wr. mu-nak-kir. munawwiru (munammiru) (n.) “one who brightens”; wr. mu-nam-mir. mundaḫṣu (adj.) as n. “fighter”; wr. mun-daḫ-ṣi. muniḫḫu (n.) “who appeases”; wr. mu-ni-iḫ. munnabtu (n.) “fugitive”; wr. [mun-nab-tu],31 mun-nab-tú. munnaḫzu (n.) “roaring”; wr. mun-na-aḫ-zi. mupaḫḫiru (n.) “who gathers”; wr. mu-pa-ḫi-ir. mupattû (n.) “who opens”; wr. mu-pat-tu-ú**. mupparšu (adj.) “flying”; wr. mu-up-pa-ar-ši. mūraku (n.) “length”; wr. GÍD; GÍD.DA. murappišu (n.) “one who makes wide”; wr. mu-rap-pi-šat, mu-rap-piš. muraššibu (n.) “one who smites”; wr. mu-ra-áš-ši-bat. muribbu (n.) “who makes tremble”; wr. mu-rib. mūrnisqu (n.) “war horse”; wr. ANŠE.mur-ni-is-qí, mur-ni-is-qí, mur-ni-is-qu**. murtâmu (n.) “loving each other”; wr. mur-ta-a-me. mūru (n.) “foal”; wr. mu-re-e. musaḫḫû (n.) “who destroys”; wr. mu-sa-ḫu-u, mu-saḫ-ḫu-ú. musappiḫu (n.) “scatterer”; wr. [mu-sa]-pi-iḫ,32 mu-sap-pi-iḫ. museppû (n.) “supplicant”; wr. mu-sa-pu-u. musukkannu (n.) “Dalbergia sissoo”; wr. GIŠ.MÁ.KAN.NA, GIŠ.MES.MÁ.KAN.NA, GIŠ.mu-suk-

kan-ni. mūṣu (n.) (a stone); wr. mu-ṣa. mūṣû (n.) “opening; escape route”; wr. mu-ṣa-a-šú, mu-ṣi-ši-na. mūšabu (n.) “residence; site”; wr. mu-šab, mu-[šab-šu]. mušaddilu (mušandilu) (n.) “one who expands something”; wr. mu-šá-an-di-il**. mušaklilu (n.) “completer”; wr. mu-šak-li-il*, mu-šak-lil, mu-šak-líl. mušaklimu (n.) “who reveals”; wr. mu-šak-lim. mušaknišu (n.) “one that make someone bow down”; wr. mu-šak-niš. mušalbiratu (n.) “one who makes long”; wr. mu-šal-bi-rat. mušallimu (n.) “that delivers safely, that makes good”; wr. mu-šal-li-mu, mu-šal-lim. mušammeḫu (n.) “who makes something flourish”; wr. mu-šam-me-eḫ**. mušamqitu (n.) “one who overthrows”; wr. mu-šam-qit. mušamṣû (n.) “one who allows someone to attain something”; wr. mu-šam-ṣu-u. mušapšiḫu (n.) “who pacifies”; wr. [mu]-šap-ši-iḫ. mušarbû (n.) “who makes surpassing”; wr. mu-šar-bu-u. mušarkisu (n.) “(military) procurement officer”; wr. LÚ.mu-šar-kis-ia. mušarû (n.) “(royal) inscription”; wr. MU.SAR, MU.SAR-e, MU.SAR-e-šú, MU.SAR-ru-u, MU.SAR-ru-

u-a, MU.SAR-ru-ú, MU.SAR-ru-ú-a, MU.SAR-u-a, MU.SAR-ú, MU.SAR.MEŠ, mu-šá-ru-ú. mūšaru (n.) “garden”; wr. MU.[SAR-e].

31. Esarhaddon 33 Tablet 2 iii 23ʹ: read [mun-nab-tú] instead of [mun-nab-tu]. 32. Esarhaddon 93 15: read [mu-sap]-pi-iḫ instead of [mu-sa]-pi-iḫ.

56 JAMIE NOVOTNY

mušatbû (n.) “one who raises up”; wr. [mu]-šat-bu-u. mušazninu (n.) “who makes it rain”; wr. mu-šá-az-nin. mušēṣû (n.) “one who causes to go out”; wr. [mu]-še-ṣu-[u].33 mušēzibu (n.) “who saves oneself”; wr. mu-še-zi-bi-šú, [mu]-še-zib-i-šú. mušḫarmiṭu (n.) “who dissolves”; wr. muš-ḫar-mì-ṭu. mušḫuššu (n.) “serpent-dragon”; wr. muš-ḫuš-šú. mušimmu (n.) “one who determines”; wr. mu-šim, mu-šim-mu. mušītu (n.) “night(-time)”; wr. mu-ši-ti***. mušlalaḫḫu (n.) “snake charmer”; wr. LÚ.MUŠ.LAḪ4.MEŠ. mušlālu (n.) “staircase(-gate)”; wr. muš-la-lu. mušpardû (n.) “who illuminates”; wr. muš-par-du-u. mušpêlu (adj.) “overturned”; wr. muš-pe-lu. muššulu (n.) “mirror”; wr. muš-šul. muštaḫmiṭu (adj.) “ever-ignited”; wr. muš-taḫ-mì-ṭu. muštapiku (n.) “one who piles up”; wr. [muš-ta]-pi-ik. muštarḫu (multarḫu) (adj.) “presumptuous”; wr. mul-tar-ḫi. muštaʾʾûtu (multaʾʾûtu) (n.) “leisure”; wr. mul-ta-u-te, mul-ta-u-ti, mul-ta-ú-ti, mul-ta-ʾu-ú-ti, mul-

ta5-u-te-šu. muštēširu (n.) “one who sets straight”; wr. [muš]-te-šir. mušteʾʾû (n.) “assiduous one”; wr. muš-te-eʾ-u, muš-te-eʾ-ú. mūšu (n.) “night”; wr. GE6, mu-ši. mutaqqinu (n.) “one who reorganizes”; wr. mu-taq-qi-in.34 mūterrišu (n.) “who constantly makes requests”; wr. mu-te-riš. muterru (n.) “(re)turner”; wr. mu-ter. mutnennû (n.) “pious person”; wr. mut-nen-nu-u, mut-nen-nu-ú. muttaʾidu (n.) “who is attentive”; wr. mut-ta-id-du. muttananbiṭu (adj.) “bright”; wr. mut-tan-bi-ṭu. muttinnu (n.) “choice wine”; wr. mu-tin-ni, mu-tin-nu. mūtu (n.) “death”; wr. mu-tú-ma, mu-u-ti. muṭaḫḫidu (n.) “one who brings abundance”; wr. mu-ṭaḫ-ḫi-id. muʾuddû (n.) “(large) quantity”; wr. mu-ʾu-de-e. muzaʾʾizu (n.) “who divides”; wr. mu-za-ʾi-iz**.

N naʾādu (v.) Gt “to be attentive; be respectful”; wr. it-id, it-ta-ʾi-id-ma, [lit-ta-ʾi-id]**, lu-ta-ʾi-id. nabalkattānu (n.) “insurgent”; wr. na-bal-kàt-ta-nu. nabalkattu (n.) “crossing”; wr. na-bal-kàt-ti. nabalkutu (v.) N “to cross over; change”; Š “to foment rebellion”; wr. ib-bal-ki-tu-nim-ma, ib-

bal-ki-tú-nim-ma, ib-bal-kit-u-ni, uš-bal-kit-ma.

33. Esarhaddon 107 viii 23: read [ú]-˹še˺-ṣu-u instead of [mu]-še-ṣu-[u]; new reading based on trans-Atlantic join between BM 78247 and MMA 86.11.342 + CBS 1526.

34. Esarhaddon 107 viii 20: read [ú]-taq-qi-˹in-ma˺ instead of mu-taq-qi-in; new reading based on trans-Atlantic join between BM 78247 and MMA 86.11.342 + CBS 1526.


nābalu (n.) “dry land”; wr. na-ba-li. nabāṭu (v.) Š “to make shine”; wr. ú-šá-an-bi-ṭu, ú-šá-an-biṭ. nābiʾu (n.) “plunderer”; wr. na-bi-iʾ. nablāṭu (n.) “healing”; wr. nab-la-ṭi. nablu (n.) “flame”; wr. nab-li, nab-lu. nabnītu (n.) “creation; creatures; shape”; wr. nab-ni-it, nab-ni-su-un, nab-ni-te-šú-nu, nab-ni-ti-šú-

nu, nab-nit, nab-nit-sa, nab-nit-su, nab-nit-su-[un], nab-nit-sún. nabû 1 (adj.) “named”; wr. na-bu-ú**. nabû 2 (v.) G “to name; call”; wr. at-ta-bi, i-nam-bu-u, i-nam-bu-ú, ib-bu-u, ib-bu-ú, im-bi, im-bu-

u, it-ta-bi, ú-nam-bu-u. nābû (n.) “who calls by name”; wr. na-bu-u. naburru (n.) “battlement(s)”; wr. na-bur-ri-šu-un, na-bur-ri-šú. nadānu 1 (n.) “gift”; wr. na-dan. nadānu 2 (v.) G “to give”; wr. a-din-šú-nu-ti, ad-din-šú, i-nam-din-šu-u-ma, id-di-nam-ma, id-di-

nu, id-din-šú-nu-ti**, na-da-ni, na-dan. nādinu (n.) “giver”; wr. na-din. nadnu (adj.) “given”; wr. SUM.MU. nadru (adj.) “aggressive, raging”; wr. na-ad-ri, na-ad-ru, nad-ru-tú. nadû 1 (adj.) “situated; abandoned”; wr. na-du-u, na-du-ú. nadû 2 (v.) G “to throw (down); lay (down); place; put someone (in fetters)”; Š “to allow to fall

into ruin”; wr. ad-di, ad-di-i-ma, ad-di-ma, [ad-di-šú]-nu-ti-ma, ad-du-u, at-ta-ad-di, at-ta-di, i-nam-du-u, id-di-šu-ma, id-du-u, id-du-u-ma, id-du-ú, na-de-e, ta-da-a, šu-ud-du-u, šu-ud-du-ú.

nādu (n.) “(water-)skin”; wr. KUŠ.na-a-di. naʾdu 1 (adj.) “attentive”; wr. na-a-du, na-aʾ-du. naʾdu 2 (adj.) “praised”; wr. na-aʾ-it-ti. nāʾeru (nāʾiru) (adj.) “screeching”; wr. na-ʾi-i-ri. nagāru (n.) “joiner, carpenter”; wr. LÚ.NAGAR, [NAGAR], NAGAR.<MEŠ>. nagāšu (v.) Gtn “to wander about”; wr. i-ta-nam-gi-šú. nagbu (n.) “underground water; (the) whole”; wr. na-gab, na-gab-šá, nag-bi. nāgiru (n.) “herald”; wr. LÚ.NÍMGIR, NIMGIR-ia, na-gi-ru. nagû (n.) “region”; wr. na-ge-e, na-gu-u, na-gu-ú. naḫbaṣu (n.) “amphora”; wr. NA4.na-aḫ-bi-ṣi. nâḫu (v.) G “to rest; be appeased”; D “to appease, pacify”; wr. i-nu-ḫu-ma, i-nu-uḫ-ma, li-nu-ḫa-

am-ma, nu-uḫ, nu-uḫ-ḫi, nu-uḫ-ḫu, ú-ni-iḫ, ú-ni-iḫ-ma. nakādu (v.) D “to be anxious”; wr. ak-ku-ud, ak-kud, [ak]-kud-ma. nakālu (v.) D “to make skillfully”; Š ~ D; wr. nu-uk-ki-la, [ú-nak]-ki-la,35 ú-šak-ki-la. nakāpu (v.) Gt “to butt each other”; Gtn “to advance repeatedly in battle”; wr. i-tam-kip-ma, it-tak-

ki-pu. nakāru (v.) D “to change”; Dt “to be changed”; Dtn “to keep changing”; wr. it-ta-nak-ki-ra, ut-

tak-ka-ru, ú-nak-ka-ru, ú-nak-kar-u-ma, ú-nak-kír-ma. nakāsu (v.) G “to cut down, cut off”; Š “to cut off; kill”; wr. a-kis, ak-ki-sa, ak-ki-su, ú-nak-ki-is-

ma, ú-nak-kis.

35. Esarhaddon 116 rev. 16: possibly [ú-šak]-ki-la instead of [ú-nak]-ki-la.

58 JAMIE NOVOTNY

nakkamtu (n.) “treasure”; wr. na-kám-a-ti. nakliš (adv.) “skillfully”; wr. na-[ak-liš], nak-liš. nakmu (adj.) “heaped (up)”; wr. nak-mu. nakru (nakiru) (n.) “enemy”; wr. KÚR, KÚR.MEŠ-ia, KÚR.MEŠ-šú, LÚ.KÚR, LÚ.KÚR-šú, LÚ.KÚR.

MEŠ-ia, LÚ.KÚR.MEŠ-šú, na-ki-re-e-šú, na-ki-re-šú, na-ki-ri, na-ki-ri-ia, na-kìr-ri-šu, nak-ri, nak-ru.

nakru (adj.) “foreign”; wr. nak-ra-a-ti, nak-ra-te. nalbanu (n.) “brick mould”; wr. GIŠ.Ù.ŠUB.MEŠ. nalbubu (adj.) “furious”; wr. na-al-bu-bu. namāšu (v.) Gt “to set (oneself) in motion”; wr. at-tu-muš. nambaṭu (n.) (a bright mark); wr. na-baṭ. nammušīšu (adj.) “death”; wr. nam-mu-ši-šú. namrāṣu (n.) “hardship”; wr. nam-ra-ṣi. namrīru (n.) “awe-inspiring radiance”; wr. nam-ri-ir**, nam-ri-ri, nam-ri-ru. namriš (adv.) “splendidly”; wr. nam-riš. namurratu (n.) “awe-inspiring radiance”; wr. [na]-mur-ra-te, na-mur-ra-ti, na-mur-ra-tum. namûtu (n.) “wasteland”; wr. na-mu-tu. nannābu (n.) “offspring”; wr. na-an-na-bi. napāḫu (v.) G “to appear”; D “to ignite”; wr. ip-pu-ḫa**, ut-tap-pi-ḫa. napālu (v.) G “to demolish”; Š “to have dug out”; wr. ap-pu-lu, ap-pu-ul, ap-pul, ú-šá-pil-ma. naparkû 1 (adj.) “ceasing”; wr. na-par-ka-a. naparkû 2 (v.) N “to cease”; wr. [ip-par]-ka-a, ip-par-ku-u, [ip-par]-ku-ú. naparšudu (v.) N “to flee; escape; fall into desuetude”; wr. ip-par-ši-du, [ip-par-ši]-id-du-ma, ip-

par-šid, ip-par-šid-ma, na-par-šu-du-um-ma. napāšu (v.) G, as n. “abundance”; D “to relax”; wr. na-pa-áš, nu-up-pu-uš. napḫaru (n.) “total; entirety”; wr. PAP, nap-ḫa-ri-[šú-nu], nap-ḫar, ŠU.NIGIN. napištu (n.) “life”; wr. ZI***, ZI-ia, ZI-tì, ZI-tì-šú, ZI-tì-šú-nu, ZI-tì-šú-un, ZI.MEŠ, ZI.MEŠ-ia, ZI.

MEŠ-šú, na-piš-ta-šú, na-piš-[ti]**, na-piš-ti-ía, na-piš-ti-šú, nap-šat, nap-šat-su, nap-šá-a-ti. nappāḫu (n.) “smith”; wr. [SIMUG].MEŠ. naprušu (v.) N “to fly”; wr. ip-par-šú-ma. naptanu (n.) “meal(-time); banquet”; wr. nap-tan. napṭu (n.) “naphtha”; wr. nap-ṭu. naqāru (v.) G “to demolish”; wr. aq-qu-ru, aq-qur, aq-qur-ma. nāqidu (n.) “herdsman”; wr. LÚ.na-qi-da-[ti-ši-na]**, na-qid. naqû (v.) G “to make (an offering)”; wr. BAL, BAL-qí, aq-qi-ma, aq-qí, aq-qí-ma, liq-qí. narāmtu (n.) “beloved (woman)”; wr. na-ram-ti. narāmu (n.) “loved one”; wr. na-ra-am, na-ram, na-ram-ia. narāqu (v.) N “to take refuge”; wr. in-nar-qu-ma. nargallu (n.) “chief musician”; wr. [LÚ].NAR.GAL.MEŠ. nāriš (adv.) “like a river”; wr. ÍD-ìš. narkabtu (n.) “chariot”; wr. GIŠ.GIGIR, GIŠ.GIGIR.MEŠ. narkabtu in bēl narkabti (n.) “charioteer”; wr. LÚ.EN GIŠ.GIGIR. narû (n.) “stele; foundation document”; wr. NA4.NA.RÚ.A, NA4.NA.RÚ.A.MEŠ, NA4.RÚ.A.MEŠ. nāru 1 (n.) “river”; wr. ÍD, ÍD.MEŠ**.


nāru 2 (n.) “musician”; wr. LÚ.NAR, LÚ.NAR.ME, LÚ.NAR.MEŠ. nasāḫu (v.) G “to tear out, remove”; N “to be torn out”; wr. as-su-ḫa, as-suḫ, as-suḫ-ma, in-na-si-

iḫ-ma, is-su-ḫu. nasāku (v.) Št “to be repealed”; wr. uš-tam-sa-ku. nasāqu (v.) G “to choose”; wr. [ta-as]-su-qu-šu. nāsiḫu (n.) “one who removes”; wr. na-si-iḫ. nasqu (adj.) “precious”; wr. na-as-qu-ti. naṣāru (v.) G “to guard, protect; keep; observe”; wr. i-na-aṣ-ṣa-[ru], i-na-ṣa-ru, iṣ-ṣu-ru-in-ni,

iṣ-ṣur-u-ma, na-ṣa-rim-ma, na-ṣar, na-ṣir, tan-ṣu-ru-šú. nāṣiru (n.) “guard”; wr. na-ṣir. naṣṣabu (nanṣabu) (n.) “drain pipe”; wr. na-an-ṣa-bu. našāqu (v.) G “to kiss”; D ~ G; wr. iš-ši-qu, u-na-[áš-ši]-qu,36 ú-na-aš-ši-iq,37 ú-na-áš-šá-qa, [ú-

na]-áš-šá-qu, ú-na-áš-ši-iq, ú-na-áš-ši-qu, ú-na-áš-šiq, ú-na-šaq, ú-na-šiq. našāšu (v.) D “to flap”; wr. ú-na-áš-šá-šu. našpartu (n.) “message”; wr. na-aš-par-ti, na-áš-par-ti. našû 1 (adj.) “bearing; lifted; supporting”; wr. na-ši, na-ši-ma**, na-šú-u. našû 2 (v.) G “to lift, carry; raise; raise someone up”; Š “to make carry; bring about”; wr. áš-ši-

ma, it-ta-šu-u-ni, iš-[ša-a]**, iš-šu-in-ni, iš-šu-nim-ma, iš-šu-u-šu, na-šé-e**, ta-áš-šu-šu, ta-áš-šú-šú, ú-šá-áš-šá-a, ú-šá-áš-ši, ú-šá-áš-ši-šú-nu-ti, ú-šá-áš-ši-šú-nu-ti-ma, ú-šá-áš-šu-ú.

nāšû (n.) “bearer”; wr. na-áš**, na-ši. natbāku (n.) “(mountain) gully”; wr. na-at-bak. naṭālu (v.) G “to look; see”; N “to be seen”; wr. i-na-aṭ-ṭa-la, i-na-ṭa-lu, in-na-ṭa-lu, in-na-ṭal, it-

ta-aṭ-lu-ma. nāṭilu (adj.) “seeing”; wr. na-ṭil-ti. nawāru (namāru) (v.) G “to be bright”; D “to brighten, make bright”; wr. ZÁLAG-ir, ZÁLAG-ir!!

(Copy: ZÁLAG-ni), im-me-ru, im-mir, nu-um-mur, ú-na-mir, ú-nam-me-ra, ú-nam-me-ru, ú-nam-mir.

nawru (namru) (adj.) “bright”; wr. nam-ra-a-ti, nam-ri, nam-ru. nawû (namû) (n.) “pasturage”; wr. na-mi-i. nazuzzu (adj.) “standing”; wr. GUB. nēbeḫu (n.) “frieze”; wr. né-bé-ḫu. nēberu (n.) “crossing point”; wr. né-bé-ri. nēḫtu (nīḫtu) (n.) “peace”; wr. ne-eḫ-te**, ne-eḫ-ti, ne-eḫ-tu, né-eḫ-tú**, ni-iḫ-tum. nekelmû (v.) N “to regard malevolently”; wr. lik-kil-me-šu-ma, lik-kil-me-šú-ma. nēmedu (n.) “socle”; wr. né-me-di. nēmequ (n.) “wisdom”; wr. ne-me-qí, né-me-qí-šú-nu**. nēr (num.) “all”; wr. né-ri-šá. nērārūtu (nārārūtu) (n.) “aid”; wr. na-ra-ru-ti, na-ra-ru-tu, na-ra-ru-ut. nērebu (n.) “entrance”; wr. né-reb. nērtu (n.) “murder”; wr. ner-ti. nêru 1 (n.) “killer”; wr. né-er.

36. Esarhaddon 97 8: read ú-na-[áš-ši]-qu instead of u-na-[áš-ši]-qu. 37. Esarhaddon 2 ii 31: read ú-na-áš-ši-iq instead of ú-na-aš-ši-iq.

60 JAMIE NOVOTNY

nêru 2 (v.) G “to kill”; wr. a-na-ar, a-nar-šú-nu-ti**, a-nir, i-na-a-ru, i-na-ru, i-na-ru-uš, i-na-ru-šú, li-na-a-ru, li-na-ru, li-nar-ru, li-né-ru, lu-nar, ni-na-a-ra, ta-na-ru-ma.

nêʾu (v.) G “to turn back”; wr. i-né-eʾ-ú. nibītu (n.) “naming; name; invocation; (one) nominated by”; wr. ni-bi-ti**, ni-bit, ni-bit-sa, ni-bit-

su, ni-bit-[su-un]. nību (n.) “number”; wr. ni-ba, ni-bi, ni-i-ba. nīdu (n.) “l(a)ying (down)”; wr. ni-id. nidûtu (n.) “abandonment”; wr. ni-du-ti-šu. nigûtu (n.) “joyful song, musical celebration”; wr. ni-gu-te, ni-gu-ti, ni-gu-tu. nikiltu (n.) “cleverness; artful design”; wr. ni-kil-ti, ni-kil-tuš, ni-kil-tú. niksu (n.) “breach”; wr. nik-si. nindabû (n.) “(food) offering”; wr. NIDBA, NIDBA.MEŠ, NIDBA.MEŠ-šú-nu, nin-da-bé-e. nipḫu (n.) “rising”; wr. [ni-pi-iḫ], [ni-pi-iḫ-šú]. nīqu (n.) “offering”; wr. UDU.SISKUR, UDU.SISKUR.MEŠ, UDU.SISKUR.MEŠ-ka, UDU.SISKUR.MEŠ-

šú-un, UDU.SÍSKUR. nīru (n.) “yoke”; wr. GIŠ.ŠUDUN, ni-i-ri, ni-ir, ni-ri, ni-ri-[ia]. nisḫu (n.) “excerpt”; wr. nis-ḫu. nisiqtu (n.) “selection”; wr. ni-siq-te, ni-siq-ti. niṣirtu (n.) “treasure; secret; hypsoma”; wr. ni-ṣir-ti, ni-ṣir-tú. nišītu (n.) “chosen one”; wr. ni-šit. nišu (n.) “people”; wr. LÚ.UN.MEŠ, UN.ME, UN.MEŠ, UN.MEŠ-ka, UN.MEŠ-šá, UN.MEŠ-šu, UN.MEŠ-

šú, UN.MEŠ-šú-nu, UN.MEŠ-šú-un, ni-ši, ni-šu-šú-nu. nīšu 1 (n.) “lifting”; wr. ni-iš, ni-ìš. nīšu 2 (n.) “(oath on the) life”; wr. MU. nītu (n.) “encirclement”; wr. ni-i-ti**, ni-i-tu. nizirtu (n.) “accursed”; wr. ni-zir-ti. nizmatu (n.) “desire”; wr. ni-iz-ma-su, [ni]-iz-ma-ta, ni-iz-ma-ti, ni-iz-mat-su. nubattu (n.) “evening (rest); evening; vigil ceremonies”; wr. nu-bat-ti, nu-bat-tu**, nu-bat-tú. nudunnû (n.) “dowry”; wr. nu-dun-[né-e-ši-na]. nuḫšu (n.) “abundance”; wr. ḪÉ.NUN, nu-ḫuš, nu-uḫ-ši. nukaribbu (n.) “gardener”; wr. LÚ.NU.GIŠ.KIRI6. nukurtu (n.) “enmity”; wr. nu-kúr-ti. nulliātu (nullâtu) (n.) “maliciousness”; wr. nu-ul-la-a-ti. nūnu (n.) “fish”; wr. KU6, KU6.MEŠ, nu-u-ni. nupāru (n.) “heart, (frame of) mind”; wr. nu-pa-ar-šú-un, nu-pa-ra. nūru (n.) “light”; wr. ZÁLAG, nu-u-ru, nu-ur, nu-ú-ru. nusāḫu (n.) “grain tax”; wr. ŠE.nu-sa-ḫi.

P pādû (adj.) lā pādû “unforgiving”; wr. pa-du-u, pa-du-u-ti, pa-du-ú. pagru (n.) “corpse”; wr. pa-gar. paḫāru 1 (n.) “potter”; wr. pa-ḫa-ri. paḫāru 2 (v.) D “to gather”; wr. li-paḫ-ḫi-ir, lu-paḫ-ḫir, pu-uḫ-ḫi-ra-šú-nu-ti-ma, ú-pa-aḫ-ḫi-ru-


ma, ú-pa-ḫar, ú-pa-ḫi-ir-ma, ú-pa-ḫir, ú-pa-ḫir-ma, ú-paḫ-ḫi-ir, ú-paḫ-ḫi-ir-ma, ú-paḫ-ḫir-ma. palāḫu (v.) G “to be afraid; revere”; Š “to inspire awe”; as n. “reverence”; wr. ap-làḫ, ip-làḫ, lip-

la-ḫu, pa-la-aḫ, pa-laḫ, tap-làḫ-u-ma, šup-lu-ḫi, šup-lu-ḫu, šup-lu-uḫ. palāqu (v.) D “to slaughter”; wr. ú-pal-li-qú, ú-pal-liq. palāsu (v.) N “to look at”; as n. “glance”; wr. ip-pa-lis-ma, ip-pal-la-su, li-pal-lis, lip-pa-lis-ma,

lip-pal-su-ma, [lip-pal-su-šú]-nu-ti-ma, nap-lu-si-šá. palgu (n.) “canal”; wr. PA5, pal-gi. palḫiš (adv.) “fearfully”; wr. pal-ḫiš. palḫu (adj.) “frightened, reverent”; wr. pal-ḫa-ku**, pal-ḫu-ma, pal-ḫu-u-ti. pāliḫu (n.) “one who fears, reveres”; wr. pa-a-liḫ, pa-a-liḫ-ki, pa-li-ḫi, pa-li-ḫi-šá, pa-li-ḫu, pa-li-ḫu-ti, [pa]-li-iḫ,38 pa-liḫ, pa-liḫ-šú, pa-lìḫ.

palkû (adj.) “broad”; wr. pal-ka-a, pal-ke-e, pal-ki-i. palû (n.) “reign (of a king); dynasty; regnal year”; wr. BALA, BALA-e, BALA-e-a, BALA-ia, BALA-ú,

BALA-ú-a, BALA-šú, [BALA].MEŠ-a, BALA.MEŠ-e, BALA.MEŠ-ia, BALA.MEŠ-šá***, BALA.MEŠ-šú**, BALA.MEŠ-šú-un, pa-le-e, pa-le-e-šú.

pānu (n.) “face; front; surface; past”; as prep. “before”; in idiomatic uses, “forward”; wr. IGI, IGI-ia, IGI-[šú]**, pa-an, pa-na, pa-ni, pa-ni-ia, pa-ni-šu, pa-ni-šú, pa-ni-šú-nu, pa-nu, pa-nu-ka, pa-nu-u-a, pa-nu-uš-šú.

papāḫu (n.) “cella”; wr. [pa]-pa-aḫ**, pa-pa-ḫi, pa-pa-ḫu, pa-paḫ. papallu (n.) “young shoot”; wr. pa-pal-li, pa-pal-lu. pappardaliu (pappardalû) (n.) (a whitish semiprecious stone); wr. NA4.BABBAR.DILI***. papparmīnu (n.) (a whitish semiprecious stone); wr. NA4.BABBAR.MIN5***. paqādu (v.) G “to entrust; appoint; review”; Gt “to be careful”; wr. ap-qid, ap-qid-ma, ap-qí-

[id]**, ip-qí-du-ma***, lu-up-qi-da, lu-up-qí-da, pa-qa-a-di, pa-qa-di, pit-qád. pāqidu (n.) “carer”; wr. pa-qi-da-at, pa-qid, pa-qid-du, pa-qí-du**. parādu (v.) G “to be fearful”; wr. ip-ri-du-ma. parakku (n.) “dais”; wr. BÁRA, BÁRA-šu-nu, BÁRA.ME-šú-nu, BÁRA.MEŠ, [BÁRA].MEŠ-šu-nu,

BÁRA.MEŠ-šú-nu, pa-rak, pa-rak-ka, pa-rak-ki, pa-rak-ki-šú-nu. parāku (v.) N “to be blocked”; wr. ip-pa-rik. parāru (v.) D “to scatter”; wr. ú-par-ri-ir, ú-par-ri-ru. parāsu (v.) G “to cut off; decide; divert; ban”; wr. ap-ru-us, ap-ru-us-ma, ip-ru-su**. pargāniš (adv.) “in security”; wr. par-ga-[niš]**. pariktu (n.) “injustice”; wr. pa-ri-ik-ti, pa-rik-te. pārisu (n.) “one who decides”; wr. KUD-is, pa-ri-is, pa-ri-su. parkullu (n.) “stone carver”; wr. BUR.GUL.MEŠ. parrisānu (n.) “rowers”; wr. par-ri-sa-ni. parsu (adj.) “decided”; wr. par-sa-ta. parṣu (n.) “divine office; rite”; wr. pa-ra-aṣ, par-ṣe-e, par-ṣe-e-šá, par-ṣi, par-ṣi-ši-na, par-ṣi-šu-

un, par-ṣi-šú-un. parû (n.) “mule”; wr. ANŠE.KUNGA.MEŠ. parzillu (n.) “iron”; wr. AN.BAR.

38. Esarhaddon 107 viii 18: read ˹da?˺-li-iḫ-˹tu˺ instead of [pa]-li-iḫ; new reading based on trans-Atlan-

tic join between BM 78247 and MMA 86.11.342 + CBS 1526.

62 JAMIE NOVOTNY

pāsisu (n.) “who erases”; wr. [pa-si-is],39 pa-si-su, pa-sis. pasqu (pašqu) (n.) “coping (of a wall)”; wr. pa-as-qí-šú**, pa-áš-qu. pašāḫu (v.) G “to be at rest; be pacified”; Š “to pacify”; wr. ip-šaḫ-šú, ip-šáḫ, ú-šap-še-eḫ, ú-šap-

ši-ḫu**, šup-šu-uḫ. pašāqu (v.) Š “to suffer difficulties”; Š, as n. “difficulty”; wr. ul-ta-nap-šá-qu, šup-šu-uq**. pašāru (v.) G “to sell”; wr. ip-šu-ru. pašāšu (v.) G “to anoint”; wr. lip-šu-uš, lip-šú-uš, pu-šu-uš, ŠÉŠ. pašāṭu (v.) G “to erase”; wr. i-pa-áš-ši-ṭu, i-pa-ši-ṭu-ma. pašīšu (n.) (a priest); wr. LÚ.pa-ši-ši, pa-ši-ši. pašqiš (adv.) “with great effort”; wr. pa-áš-qí-iš. pašqu (adj.) “difficult”; wr. pa-áš-qu-ti, pa-áš-qu-u-ti. pašru (adj.) “appeased”; wr. pa-áš-ru. paššuru (n.) “table”; wr. GIŠ.BANŠUR. patānu (v.) Dt “to strengthen”; wr. pu-tú-un-ni. patāqu (v.) G “to make brick structures; cast”; N “to be cast”; wr. [ap-ti-iq], ap-ti-iq-ma, ap-tiq-

ma, ip-pa-ti-iq-ma, ip-ti-qu-šú. pātiqu (n.) “one who fashions”; wr. pa-ti-iq. patqu (adj.) “cast”; wr. pat-qu. pattu (n.) “canal”; wr. pat-ta-a-te, pat-ta-a-ti, pat-tu. paṭāru (v.) G “to loosen”; wr. pa-ṭa-ri, pu-ṭur, tap-ṭu-ur-ma. pāṭeru (pāṭiru) (n.) “that which undoes”; wr. pa-ṭir. pāṭu (n.) “border”; wr. pa-a-ṭi, pa-ṭi, paṭ. pelludû (n.) “ritual”; wr. pel-lu-de-e. pendû (n.) (a semiprecious reddish stone); wr. NA4.

dŠE.TIR, NA4.ŠE.TIR. perʾu (n.) “offspring”; wr. NUNUZ, NUNUZ.MEŠ-šú-nu, pe-er-ʾi, per-ʾu. peṣû (adj.) “white”; wr. BABBAR**, BABBAR-e, BABBAR-i, BABBAR-ú, BABBAR.MEŠ, pe-ṣe-e, pe-ṣi-i. pētḫallu (n.) “cavalry”; wr. LÚ.pét-ḫal. pētḫallu in ša pētḫalli (n.) “cavalryman”; LÚ.šá pét-ḫal. petû 1 (adj.) “open”; wr. pe-ta, pe-ta-a, pe-tan, pe-tu-ti. petû 2 (v.) G “to open”; D “to impart (information)”; wr. ap-ta-a, ap-te-e-ma, ip-tu-ma**, ip-tu-

u, ip-tuú, ú-pat-ti**, ú-pat-ti-ma. pīgu (n.) “deceit”; wr. pi-i-gi. pīḫātu (n.) “governor”; wr. LÚ.NAM, LÚ.NAM.MEŠ, LÚ.NAM.MEŠ-šú, [pi]-ḫat.MEŠ.40 pīḫātu in bēl pīḫāti (n.) “provincial governor”; wr. LÚ.EN.NAM. pīḫātūtu (n.) “provincial governorship”; wr. LÚ.NAM-ti, LÚ.NAM-u-te. pilšu (n.) “breach”; wr. pil-ši. pīlu (n.) “limestone”; wr. NA4.pi-i-li, NA4.pi-i-lu, pi-i-li. pinigu (n.) (a cereal); wr. ŠE.pi-ni-gu. piqittu (n.) “provisions”; wr. pi-qit-ti. pirištu (n.) “secret place; specialized knowledge”; wr. pi-riš-te, pi-riš-ti. pīru in mašak pīri (n.) “elephant hide”; wr. KUŠ AM.SI.

39. Esarhaddon 105 x 19: read [pa-sis] or [pa-si-su] instead of [pa-si-is]. 40. Esarhaddon 8 i´ 1´: read [LÚ.šu-ut]‒˹SAG˺.MEŠ-˹ia˺;reading based on collation.


pīru in šinni pīri (n.) “ivory”; wr. ZÚ AM.SI, šin-ni AM.SI. pisanduppu (ṭuppisannu) (n.) “tablet container”; wr. GIŠ.ṭup-pi-sa-an-ni. pišannu (pisannu) (n.) “chest”; wr. pi-sa-[an-ni]. pitqu (n.) “brickwork; cast metalwork; refining process”; wr. pi-ti-iq, pit-qu**. pitqudu (adj.) “trustworthy”; wr. pit-qu-du. pītu in pīt pî (n.) (a ritual); wr. KA.DU8.Ù.DA, KA.DU8.UD.DA. pû (n.) “mouth; command; proportion”; wr. KA, KA-šu-un, KA-šú-nu**, KA-šú-un, pi-i, pi-i-šá***,

pi-i-šu, pi-i-šú, pi-i-[šú-nu]. puḫādu (n.) “lamb”; wr. UDU.SILA4.MEŠ. puḫru (n.) “assembly”; wr. UKKIN, UKKIN-šu-nu, UKKIN-šú-nu, UKKIN.NA, pu-ḫur-šu-nu. pulḫu (n.) “terror”; wr. pu-ul-ḫi. puluḫtu (n.) “fear”; wr. [pu-lu-uḫ]-tu,41 pu-luḫ-ti, pu-luḫ-tum, pu-luḫ-tú. puqqu (adj.) “attentive”; wr. pu-qu-ma. puquttu (n.) “thorn”; wr. pu-qut-te, pu-qut-ti. purussû (n.) “(legal) decision”; wr. EŠ.BAR, EŠ.BAR-ia, EŠ.BAR-šú-nu, pur-se-e. pūru in šaman pūri (n.) (a type of oil); wr. Ì.BUR. pusummu (pusumtu) (n.) “veiled one”; wr. pu-su-um-ti. puṣû (n.) “vacant plot”; wr. pu-ṣe-e***. pūtu (n.) “forehead; side”; wr. SAG, SAG.KI, pu-ti. putuqqu (adj.) “constantly attentive”; wr. pu-tuq-qu, pu-tuq-qu-ma. puzru (n.) “refuge”; wr. pu-uz-ra-te.

Q qablu 1 (n.) “hips; center”; wr. MURUB4, MURUB4-ia, [qa-bal],42 qa-bal-šú. qablu 2 (n.) “battle”; wr. MURUB4, qa-bal-šú, qab-li, qab-lu. qabû 1 (adj.) “spoken”; wr. qa-bi. qabû 2 (v.) G “to say, command”; N “to be said”; wr. aq-bi, aq-bi-ma, aq-bi-šú, aq-bi-šú-ma, aq-

ta-bi-šú, i-qab-bu-u, i-qab-bu-ú, iq-ba-a, iq-bi, iq-bi-ma, iq-bu, iq-bu-ni, iq-bu-nim-[ma], iq-bu-u, iq-bu-u-ni, iq-bu-ú, iq-bu-šú, iq-qa-bi, iq-ta-bi, iq-ṭa-nab-ba-a, liq-bi, liq-bu-u, liq-bu-ú, liq-ta-bi, qa-bé-e, qa-bu-ú, taq-ba-a.

qamû (v.) G “to burn (up)”; wr. aq-mu, i-qam-mu-u, iq-mu-ma. qanānu (v.) G “to make a nest”; wr. iq-nu-nu. qanû (n.) “reed”; wr. GI, qa-né-e. qâpu (v.) G “to fall down”; wr. i-qu-pu, i-qu-ú-pu. qaqqadu (n.) “head”; wr. SAG.DU, SAG.DU-ia, SAG.DU-ía, SAG.DU-su, SAG.DU.MEŠ, SAG.

DU.MEŠ-šu, SAG.DU.MEŠ-šú-nu**, qaq-qa-su. qaqqariš (adv.) “to ground level”; wr. qaq-qa-riš. qaqqaru (n.) “ground, earth; (plot of) ground; distance; stretch of land; territory”; wr. qaq-qa-ri,

qaq-qa-ri-šu, qaq-qa-ru, qaq-qar, qaq-qar-šá. qarānu (garānu) (v.) D “to stack up”; wr. li-gar-ri-nu, ú-gar-ri-in.

41. Esarhaddon 97 right edge 1: read [pu-luḫ]-tu instead of [pu-lu-uḫ]-tu. 42. Esarhaddon 30 rev. 1´: read [MURUB4] instead of [qa-bal].

64 JAMIE NOVOTNY

qarbu (n.) (meaning unknown); wr. qar-ba-šú-nu. qardu (adj.) “valiant”; as n. “valiant one”; wr. qa-rit-ti, qar-du, qar-du-ti, qar-du-u-ti. qarrādu (n.) “hero”; wr. qar-ra-di, qar-ra-du. qarrādūtu (n.) “heroism”; wr. qar-ra-du-ti, qar-ra-du-ti-ía, qar-ra-du-[ti-šú]. qašdu (adj.) “pure”; wr. qa-áš-du-tu. qaštu (n.) “bow”; wr. GIŠ.PAN, GIŠ.PAN-ia, GIŠ.PAN-ía, GIŠ.PAN-su-nu, GIŠ.PAN-šú. qatû (v.) D “to finish”; wr. ú-qa-tu-u, ú-qat-tu-u*. qātu (n.) “hand”; wr. qa-a-tu**, qa-a-tú, qa-at, qa-ta-a-a, qa-ta-a-te, qa-ta-a-šú, qa-ti, qa-ti-ia,

qa-tu, qa-[tu-u-a], [qa-tu]-uš-šú, qa-tu-ú-a, qa-tu-u4-a, qa-tu-šu**, qa-tuk-ku-un, qa-tuš-šá, qa-tuš-šu, qa-tú, qa-tú-u-a, [ŠU],43 ŠU-šu-[nu], ŠU.II, ŠU.II-a-a, ŠU.II-ia, ŠU.II-ía**, ŠU.II-su-nu, ŠU.II-u-a, ŠU.II-ú-a, ŠU.II-šu-nu*, ŠU.II-šú, ŠU.II-šú-nu, ŠU.II-šú-un.

qebēru (v.) G “to bury”; wr. qe-bé-ri. qerbiš (adv.) “inside”; wr. qer-biš. qerbu (n.) “interior”; wr. qer-bi-šá, qer-bi-ši-na, qer-bi-šu, qer-bi-šú, qé-reb, qé-reb-e-šá, qé-reb-

e-šú, qé-reb-e-šú-un, qé-reb-šá, qé-reb-ši-na, qé-reb-šin, qé-reb-šu, qé-reb-šu-un, qé-reb-šun, qé-reb-šú, qé-reb-šú-nu, qé-reb-šú-un.

qerēbu (v.) Gt “to be close to each other”; D “to approach”; wr. qit-ru-ub, ú-qar-rib-ma. qerītu (n.) “banquet”; wr. qé-re-e-ti. qerû (v.) G “to invite”; wr. aq-re-e-[ma]***, aq-re-ma. qiāšu (v.) G “to give”; D ~ G; wr. BA, BA-ìš, a-qiš, i-qi-šá-an-ni, ú-qa-iš. qibītu (n.) “speech; command”; wr. qí-bé-e-ti, qí-bi-ta, qí-bi-ti, qí-bi-ti-ia, qí-bi-ti-ku-nu, qí-bi-ti-

šá, qí-bi-ti-šu-nu, qí-bi-ti-šú, qí-bit, qí-bit-ia, qí-bit-su, qí-bit-su-nu, qí-bit-su-un. qimītu (n.) “burning”; wr. qí-mì-it. qinnu (n.) “clan; den”; wr. qin-ni-šú, qí-in-nu. qinû (n.) “envy”; wr. qí-nu. qīpu (adj.) as n. “representative”; wr. LÚ.qi-pa-a-ni. qīštu (n.) “gift”; wr. qi-šá-a-te, qiš-ti. qulmû (n.) “(kind of) axe”; wr. qul-mé-e. qūltu (n.) “silence”; wr. qul-ti. qurādu (n.) “warrior”; wr. LÚ.qu-ra-di-šú-un, qu-ra-di-šú-un. qurbu (adj.) as n. “group”; wr. qur-ub-te. qurdu (n.) “heroism”; wr. qu-ru-us-su-nu, qur-di, qur-di-ka, quru-su-nu, quru-us-su-nu. qurqurru (n.) “coppersmith”; wr. LÚ.qur-qur-ri, TIBIRA.<MEŠ>. qutrēnu (qutrinnu) (n.) “incense”; wr. qut-rin-nu. quʾʾû (v.) D “to wait for”; wr. [ú]-qa-aʾ-a.

R rabāṣu (v.) Š “to make lie down”; wr. ú-šar-bi-su-nu-ti-ma**, ú-šar-bi-ṣa. rabbû (adj.) “very big”; wr. rab-ba-a-ti. rābiṣu (n.) (a protective genius); wr. MAŠKIM.MEŠ, MÁŠKIM.ME. rabiš (adv.) “magnificently; greatly”; wr. ra-biš.

43. Esarhaddon 45 iv 16´: read [ŠU.II] instead of [ŠU].


rabû 1 (adj.) “great; large; elder, old; senior; tall”; as n. “adulthood; noble”; wr. GAL, GAL!! (Text: MA), GAL-a, GAL-e, GAL-i, GAL-te, GAL-ti, GAL-tim, GAL-tu, GAL-tum, GAL-tú, GAL-u, GAL-ú, GAL.ME, GAL.MEŠ, LÚ.GAL.MEŠ, LÚ.GAL.MEŠ-ia, LÚ.GAL.MEŠ-ía, LÚ.GAL.MEŠ-šu-un, LÚ.GAL. MEŠ-šú-un, ra-bé-šú, ra-bi-tú, ra-[bu-u-ti]**.

rabû 2 (v.) D “to enlarge”; Š “to enlarge; make surpassing”; wr. uš-rab-bi, ú-rab-bi, ú-rab-bi-ma, ú-šar-ba-a, ú-šar-bi, ú-šar-bu-u.

râbu (v.) G “to tremble”; D “to shake”; wr. i-ru-um-ma, ú-reb-bu. rādu (n.) “downpour”; wr. ra-a-du. raḫāṣu 1 (v.) G “to flood”; N “to be devastated”; wr. ir-ḫi-iṣ-ma, ir-ra-ḫi-iṣ-ma. raḫāṣu 2 (v.) G “to encourage”; Š ~ G; wr. ar-ḫu-uṣ-ma, ar-ta-ḫu-uṣ, ú-šar-ḫi-is-su, [ú-šar-ḫi-is]-

su-ma, ú-šar-ḫi-is-su-nu-ti, ú-šar-ḫi-su-nu-ti, ú-šar-ḫi-ṣu-u-ni. rāʾimu (n.) “one who loves”; wr. ra-aʾ-i-mat, ra-aʾ-im, ra-im-šú**. rakābu (v.) G “to embrace something”; wr. ir-ka-ba. rakāsu (v.) G “to bind; arrange in order”; D “to tie on; construct; fasten”; wr. ar-ku-su, ar-ku-us-

šú, ar-ku-us-šú-nu-ti, ar-kus, ú-[rak-ka-su], ú-rak-kis-ma. rakbu 1 (n.) “mounted messenger”; wr. LÚ.rak-bu-šú. rakbu 2 (adj.) “riding”; wr. rak-bu. raksu (adj.) “tight”; wr. ra-ak-su. ramāku (v.) G “to bathe”; wr. ta-ra-muk. ramānu (n.) “self”; wr. ra-ma-ni, ra-ma-ni-ia, ra-ma-ni-ku-nu, ra-ma-ni-šu-nu, ra-ma-ni-šú, ra-

ma-ni-šú-nu, ra-ma-nu-uš, ra-man-uš, ra-man-šá, rama-ni-ía, rama-ni-šú. ramku (n.) (a cultic functionary); wr. [LÚ.ram-ki],44 ra-am-ki. ramû (v.) G “to set in place; occupy”; Š “to establish (a residence)”; wr. ar-[me], e-ram-mu-[u], ir-

mu-ú, lu-ur-me-ma, ú-šar-ma-a, ú-šar-me, ú-šar-me-šú-nu-ti, ú-šar-mu-u, ú-šar-mu-ú. râmu (v.) G “to love”; wr. ÁG, a-ra-an-šú-nu-ti, i-ram-mu-ma. rapāsu (v.) G “to beat”; wr. ar-pi-sa. rapāšu (v.) D “to expand”; wr. li-rap-pi-šú**, li-rap-piš, lu-rap-piš, ru-up-pu-uš, ru-up-pu-ši, ru-

up-pu-šú, ú-rap-pa-áš, ú-rap-piš. rappu (n.) “(neck) stock”; wr. rap-pu**. rapšu (adj.) “wide, extensive”; wr. DAGAL-ti, DAGAL-tim, DAGAL-tum, DAGAL.MEŠ, DAGAL.MEŠ-

te, ra-pa-áš-ti, rap-šá-tu, rap-šu-ú-te, rap-šú. raqqu (adj.) “thin”; wr. raq-qu. rasābu (v.) G “to smite”; D ~ G; wr. ra-sa-ab, [ú-ra]-as-si-ba, ú-ra-as-si-bu, ú-ra-as-si-ib, ú-ra-

si-ba, ú-ra-[si-bu], ú-ra-si-ib, ú-ra-sib. raṣāpu (v.) G “to build”; wr. ar-ṣi-pu, ar-ṣip, ár-ṣip, ir-ṣi-pu. raṣmu (adj.) “powerful”; wr. ra-ṣu-un-du. rašādu (v.) Š “to fasten securely; lay foundations of”; wr. li-šar-šid, ú-šar-šid, šur-ši-di, šur-šu-di,

šur-šu-du. rašbu (adj.) “awe-inspiring”; wr. ra-áš-bu, raš-bu**. rašû 1 (adj.) “acquired”; wr. ra-ši-šu-ma. rašû 2 (v.) G “to acquire; come to have”; Š “to allow someone to acquire”; wr. ar-šá-a, ar-ši-šu-

ma, ar-ši-šú-ma, ar-ši-šú-nu-ti, ar-ší-šú-ma, i-raš-šu-ú, ir-ši, ir-ši-iš, ir-ši-ma, ir-ši-šu, ir-ši-šú,

44. Esarhaddon 53 obv. 14´: read [LÚ.ra-am-ki] instead of [LÚ.ram-ki].

66 JAMIE NOVOTNY

ir-šu-u, ir-šu-ú, ir-šu-šu, ir-šú-u, li-šar-šu-šu-ma**, ra-še-e, ri-šá-an-ni-ma, ta-raš-ši. rašubbatu (n.) “awesomeness”; wr. ra-šub-ba-[at], ra-šub-ba-tu, ra-šub-bat. rebītu (n.) “square”; wr. SILA.DAGAL.LA**, re-ba-ti-[šú]**, re-bet. redû (v.) G “to lead; travel”; D “to add”; Š “to cause to flow out”; wr. ar-de, ar-de-e-ma, li-ir-du-

ú, uš-rad-di, ú-rad-de-e-ma, ú-rad-di, ú-rad-di-ma, ú-šar-di. rēdû (n.) “soldier”; wr. LÚ.[re-du-u], re-du-u. rēḫtu (n.) “remainder”; wr. re-eḫ-ti. rēmēnû (adj.) “merciful”; wr. re-me-ni-tum, re-me-nu-ú, re-mé-nu-u, re-mé-nu-ú, réme-nu-u. rēmu (n.) “compassion”; wr. re-e-me, re-e-mu. rēṣu (n.) “helper”; wr. re-ṣe-e-šú, re-ṣi-šú. rēṣūtu (n.) “assistance”; wr. re-ṣu-ti, re-ṣu-ti-šú, re-ṣu-us-su-un. rēšiš (adv.) “like a slave”; wr. re-e-šiš. rēštu (n.) “first rank”; wr. re-še-e-ti, re-še-ti. rēštû (adj.) “first; firstborn; foremost”; wr. re-eš-tu-ú, reš-ti-i, reš-tu-u. rēšu (n.) “head; beginning; slave; summit”; wr. SAG, SAG-ia, SAG-ka, SAG.MEŠ-ia, SAG.MEŠ-ía, re-

e-ši-šú, re-e-šu, re-e-šú, re-es-[su], re-eš, re-eš-e-šu, re-šá-a-šú, re-še-e-šú, re-ši-šú. rēšu in ša rēši (n.) “eunuch”; wr. LÚ.SAG. rēšu in šūt rēši (n.) “eunuch”; wr. LÚ.šu-ut SAG-ia, LÚ.šu-ut SAG-ka, LÚ.šu-ut SAG.MEŠ-ia, LÚ.šu-

ut SAG.MEŠ-ía. rēšūtu (n.) “slavery”; wr. re-e-šu-ti, re-e-šu-tu, re-e-šu-tú, re-šu-te, re-šu-ti. retû (v.) G “to set in place”; D “to install”; wr. ar-ti, ú-ra-ta-a, ú-rat-ta-a. reʾû (v.) Gtn “to shepherd constantly”; wr. li-ir-te-ʾa-a, lu-ur-te-a, lu-ur-te-ʾa-a. rēʾû (n.) “shepherd”; wr. LÚ.SIPA, SIPA, [re-e]-um,45 re-é-um,46 re-é-ú-um, re-ʾu-u, re-ʾu-um, re-ʾu-ú. rēʾûtu (n.) “shepherdship”; wr. SIPA-ut, re-e-[ut], re-ʾu-ut, re-ʾu-ú-tu. riābu (v.) G “to replace”; wr. lu-ri-ib. riāšu (v.) G “to rejoice”; wr. i-ri-šú. rību (n.) “replacement”; wr. ri-bi-šú. riddu (n.) “persecution”; wr. ri-id-du. ridûtu (n.) “succession; successor; domain”; wr. UŠ-ti, UŠ-ti-šú, ri-du-te, ri-du-ti, ri-du-ti-ia, ri-du-

tú, ri-du-u-ti, ri-du-ut, ri-du-ú-ti. rikistu (rikiltu) (n.) “conspiracy”; wr. ri-[kil-tu], ri-kil-tú. riksu (n.) “organization; structure; covenant”; wr. ri-kis, rik-si-[šu]. rīmāniš (adv.) “like a wild bull”; wr. ri-ma-niš. rimītu (n.) “residence”; wr. ri-mit. rimku (n.) “washing ceremony”; wr. rim-ki. rīmu (n.) “wild bull”; wr. AM.MEŠ. rīqu (n.) “aromatic substance”; wr. ŠIM.ḪI.A, ŠIM.MEŠ. rīṣu (n.) “help”; wr. ri-ṣi. rīštu (n.) “exultation”; wr. ri-šá-a-te, ri-šá-a-ti. ritpāšu (adj.) “vast”; wr. rit-pa-še. rittu (n.) “hand”; wr. rit-[te-šú],47 rit-ti-ia, rit-ti-ía, rit-tu-u-a, rit-tu-ú-a.

45. Esarhaddon 47 8´: read [RE.É].UM instead of [re-e]-um. 46. Esarhaddon 77 3 and 79 3: read RE.É.UM instead of re-é-um.


rîtu (n.) “pasture”; wr. ri-i-ti, ri-i-tú, ri-ʾi-i-tú**. rubātu (n.) “princess; queen”; wr. ÉGI, ru-ba-a-ti. rubû (n.) “prince; ruler; noble”; wr. NUN, NUN-u, NUN-ú, ru-bé-e, ru-bu-u, ru-bu-ú. rubûtu (n.) “rulership”; wr. NUN-[ti-šú], NUN-ú-ti-šú,48 ru-bu-ti, ru-bu-ti-ia, ru-bu-ti-šú. rukūbu (n.) “mount”; wr. ru-ku-bi-šú-nu. rûmtu (n.) “darling”; wr. ru-um-ti. rupšu (n.) “width”; wr. DAGAL. rūqu (adj.) “distant”; wr. SÙ, SÙ.ME, SÙ.MEŠ, ru-qu-te, ru-qu-ti, ru-qu-u-te, ru-qu-u-ti, ru-u-qu, ru-

ú-qu. ruššû (adj.) “red”; wr. ḪUŠ.A, ru-uš-še-e, ru-uš-šú-u, ru-uš-šú-ú**. rūštu (n.) (a fine quality oil); wr. Ì.SAG.

S sadāru (v.) G “to place in order”; D “to place in order; be regular; (do something) regularly”; wr.

se-de-ra, su-ud-du-ra, ú-sa-ad-da-ra, ú-sa-di-ru, ú-sad-di-ru-u-ni. saddinu (n.) (a tunic?); wr. TÚG.sad-din. sadru (adj.) “regular”; wr. sad-ru-[ti]. saḫāpu (v.) G “to overwhelm”; Š “to make envelop” wr. [as]-ḫup, is-ḫu-pu-šú-ma, is-ḫup-šu-nu-ti,

is-ḫup-šu-ú-ma, is-ḫup-[šú-ma], is-ḫup-šú-nu-ti-ma, is-ḫúp-šú-ma, ú-šá-as-ḫi-pu. saḫāru (v.) G “to turn back”; Gtn “to seek to help”; D ~ G; Š “to surround”; wr. i-tas-ḫar-ma, is-ḫu-ru, it-ta-na-as-ḫa-ru, lit-tas-ḫa-ru, ú-sa-ḫir-ma, ú-šá-as-ḫi-ra, ú-šá-as-ḫir-ma.

saḫpu (adj.) “covered”; wr. sa-ḫi-ip, saḫ-pu. sakāpu (v.) G “to overthrow”; wr. lis-ki-pu, lis-kip, sa-kap, sa-kip. salāḫu (v.) G “to sprinkle (with)”; wr. as-lu-ḫa, is-luḫ-u-ma. salāmu (v.) G “to make peace”; as n. “restitution”; wr. is-li-mu, su-lum. salātu (n.) “family”; wr. sa-la-ti. salīmu (n.) “divine pardon”; wr. sa-li-mu. samāne (samānat) (num.) wr. 8. samāššer (samāššeret) (num.) “eighteen” wr. 18. sammû (n.) “lyre”; wr. GIŠ.ZÀ.MÍ. sāmtu (n.) “carnelian”; wr. NA4.GUG***. sāmu (adj.) “red”; wr. SA5, sa-[a-mu]. sangilimud (n.) (a bluish stone); wr. NA4.SAG.GIL.MUD. sanqu (adj.) “disciplined”; wr. sa-an-qu. sapāḫu (v.) G “to scatter”; D ~ G; wr. is-pu-ḫu**, sa-pa-aḫ, sa-paḫ, sa-paḫ-šin, ú-sap-pi-iḫ. sapānu (v.) G “to flatten”; wr. as-pu-un, is-pu-nu, is-pu-nu-ma***, is-pu-un, sa-pan, tas-pu-nu-ma. sapāru (saparru) (n.) “(deity’s) net”; wr. sa-par-ri-ia. sapḫu (adj.) “scattered”; wr. BIR.MEŠ**, sa-ap-ḫa-a-ti, [sap-ḫa]-a-ti.49 sāpinu (n.) “flattener”; wr. sa-pi-in, sa-pi-nu.

47. Esarhaddon 30 obv. 2´: Possibly read rit-[ti-šú] instead of rit-[te-šú]. 48. Esarhaddon 1019 rev. 32: Probably read NUN-[ú-ti-šú] instead of NUN-[ti-šú]. 49. Esarhaddon 48 43: read [sa-ap]-ḫa-a-ti instead of [sap-ḫa]-a-ti.

68 JAMIE NOVOTNY

sariyam (n.) “(coat of) armor”; wr. si-ri-ia-am. sattukku (n.) “regular delivery”; wr. SÁ.DUG4, SÁ.DUG4-šú-nu, sat-tuk-ki, sat-tuk-ki-šú, sat-tuk-ki-

šú-nu, sat-tuk-ku, sat-tuk-x. sebâ (num.) “seventy”; wr. 70. sebe (sebet) (num.) wr. 7. seḫû (v.) D “to wreak”; N “to rise up”; wr. is-se-ḫu-ma, ú-saḫ-ḫu-[ú]**. sekretu (n.) “enclosed (woman)”; wr. sek-ra-ti. sekretu in sekret ēkalli (n.) “palace woman”; wr. MUNUS.ERIM.É.GAL.MEŠ-šú. sellu (sillu) (n.) “archivolt”; wr. se-el-lu, se-el-lum, si-il-lu. sêru (v.) G “to plaster”; wr. a-si-ir. siḫirtu (n.) “entirety”; wr. si-ḫi-ir-ti, si-ḫi-ir-ti-šá, si-ḫir-ti-ša, si-ḫir-ti-šá, si-ḫir-ti-šú. sīḫu (n.) “rebellion”; wr. si-ḫi. sikiptu (n.) “repulse”; wr. si-kip-[ti]. sikkatu (n.) “peg”; wr. sik-kàt. simmiltu (n.) “stair(case)”; wr. si-me-lat. simtu (n.) “appropriate symbol; appropriate procedure; representation; specification(s)”; wr. si-

ma-a-te, si-ma-a-ti, si-ma-te-e-šú, si-ma-ti-ia, si-ma-ti-šú, si-mat. sinnišāniš (adv.) “into a woman”; wr. sin-niš-a-niš. sinništu (n.) “woman”; wr. MUNUS.MEŠ. siparru (n.) “bronze”; wr. ZABAR, si-par-ri. sipittu (n.) “mourning (rites)”; wr. si-pit-tu. sīrāšû (n.) “brewer”; wr. LÚ.LÙNGA.MEŠ. sīru (n.) “(wall-)plaster”; wr. si-i-ri. sisû (n.) “horse”; wr. ANŠE.KUR.MEŠ, ANŠE.KUR.RA.MEŠ, ANŠE.KUR.RA.MEŠ-e, ANŠE.KUR.RA.MEŠ-šú. sittūtu (n.) “those remaining”; wr. [si-it-tu-ta-šú-nu],50 si-it-tu-te-šú-nu, si-it-[tu-ti-šú-nu], si-tu-

ti-šú-nu. suādu (n.) (an aromatic plant); wr. ŠIM.EN.DI. sugullu (sakullu) (n.) “herd”; wr. sa-kul-lat. suḫurmāšu (n.) “(mythical) goat-fish”; wr. SUḪUR.MÁŠ.KU6. sukku (n.) “shrine”; wr. suk-ki. sullumu (adj.) “reconciled”; wr. sul-lu-mi. sulummû (n.) “peace-making”; wr. su-lum-me-e. sunqu (n.) “famine”; wr. su-un-qu. suppû (v.) D “to beseech”; wr. ú-sap-pu-ú. supû (n.) “prayer”; wr. su-up-pi-ia, su-up-pi-ía, su-up-pi-šú. sūqu (n.) “street”; wr. su-qa-ti-šú**, su-qé-e-šú, su-ú-qi. surrātu (n.) “lies”; wr. sur-ra-a-ti, sur-ra-ti. surriš (adv.) “quickly”; wr. sur-riš.

Ṣ ṣabāru (v.) Gtn “to produce heat lightning”; wr. iṣ-ṣa-nab-bur.

50. Esarhaddon 4 i´ 10´: read [si-it-tu-te-šú-nu] or [si-tu-ti-šú-nu] instead of [si-it-tu-ta-šú-nu].


ṣabātu (v.) G “to seize; take; incorporate”; Š “to set; make someone hold; make occupy”; wr. aṣ-ba-ta, aṣ-bat, aṣ-bat-ma, aṣ-ṣa-bat, iṣ-ba-ta, iṣ-ba-tu, iṣ-ba-tú, iṣ-[bat], iṣ-bat-ma**, li-iṣ-bat-<u>-nim-ma, ú-šá-aṣ-bi-ta, ú-šá-aṣ-bit, ú-šá-aṣ-bit-ma, šu-uṣ-bit-su-nu-ti, ṣa-bat**.

ṣabītu (n.) “gazelle”; wr. ṣa-bi-ti. ṣābitu (n.) “who holds”; wr. ṣa-bi-ta-at, [ṣa-bit]. ṣabtu (adj.) “taken; drawn up; seized up”; wr. ṣa-bit-ma, ṣab-ta-ku-ma, ṣab-tu-ma. ṣābu (n.) “people; troops”; wr. ERIM, ERIM.MEŠ, [ERIM].MEŠ-šú**, [LÚ.ERIM]-šú-nu, LÚ.ERIM.MEŠ. ṣabû (v.) G “to wish (for)”; wr. li-iṣ-bi. ṣaddu (n.) “portent”; wr. ṣa-ad-di. ṣalālu (v.) G “to sleep”; wr. aṣ-[lul]**, iṣ-lul**. ṣalāmu (v.) Š “to turn something black”; wr. ú-šá-aṣ-li-mu. ṣaliptu (n.) “lying”; wr. ṣa-lip-tú. ṣallamtu (ṣallamdu) (n.) “basalt”; wr. NA4.ṣa-lam-du, NA4.ṣa-lam-ti. ṣalmu 1 (adj.) “black”; wr. GE6.MEŠ, ṣal-mat, ṣal-mu**. ṣalmu 2 (n.) “image”; wr. ALAM.MEŠ, NU, ṣa-al-me, ṣa-lam, ṣal-me. ṣāltu (ṣīltu) (n.) “combat”; wr. ṣi-[il-ti]. ṣamādu (n.) “team”; wr. ṣa-ma-da-ni. ṣamāru (v.) D “to strive for”; wr. ú-ṣa-[am-ma-ru]. ṣamdu (ṣandu) (adj.) “equipped”; wr. ṣa-an-du. ṣarāḫu 1 (v.) G “to cry out”; Š ~ G; wr. iṣ-ru-[uḫ], ú-šá-aṣ-ri-ḫa. ṣarāḫu 2 (v.) G “to heat up”; wr. i-ṣa-ri-iḫ, iṣ-ṣa-ri-iḫ, ṣa-ra-aḫ. ṣarāpu (v.) G “to dye (red)”; wr. iṣ-ru-pu. ṣarāšu (v.) D “to spread out”; wr. li-ṣar-ri-šú, lu-ṣar-ri-šú, ú-ṣar-ri-šá, ṣur-ru-uš. ṣarbatu (n.) “poplar”; wr. GIŠ.ṣar-ba-ti. ṣāriru (n.) (a gold alloy); wr. ṣa-ri-ri, ṣa-ri-ru. ṣarpiš (adv.) “loud and bitterly”; wr. ṣar-piš. ṣarpu (adj.) “baked”; wr. ṣar-pu-ta, ṣar-pu-ti, ṣar-pu-tú. ṣeḫru 1 (adj.) “small, young”; as n. “young person; lowly person”; wr. TUR, TUR.MEŠ, ṣe-eḫ-rat, ṣe-eḫ-ru, ṣe-eḫ-ru-te, ṣe-eḫ-ru-ti, ṣe-ḫe-ru-ti.

ṣeḫru 2 (ṣeḫeru) (n.) “childhood”; wr. ṣe-eḫ-ri-šu, ṣe-eḫ-ri-šú, ṣe-ḫe-ri-ia-a-ma, ṣe-ḫe-ri-šú. ṣelû (v.) G “to burn”; wr. ṣe-li. ṣēnu (n.) “sheep and goats”; wr. US5.UDU.ḪI.A, ṣe-e-ni, ṣe-e-ni-šú. ṣēriš (adv.) “upon”; wr. ṣe-riš. ṣerretu (n.) “nose-rope”; wr. ṣer-re-e-tú***, ṣer-re-[ti], ṣer-ret. ṣerru (n.) “snake”; wr. MUŠ, MUŠ.MEŠ. ṣēru (n.) “open country”; as prep. “against; on”; wr. EDIN, EDIN-uš-šú, ṣe-er, ṣe-ru-uš-šá, ṣe-ru-uš-

šu, ṣe-ru-uš-šú, ṣe-ru-uš-šú-un, [ṣe]-ru-šú-un. ṣiātiš (ṣâtiš) (adv.) “for ever”; wr. ṣa-a-tíš. ṣiātu (ṣâtu) (n.) “distant time”; wr. ṣa-a-te, ṣa-a-ti, ṣa-a-[tu]**,51 ṣa-at. ṣibûtu (n.) “wish”; wr. ṣi-bu-us-su. ṣiddu (ṣindu) (n.) “common people”; wr. ṣi-in-di, ṣin-di. ṣidītu (n.) “(travel) provisions”; wr. ṣi-di-it, ṣi-di-tu**.

51. Esarhaddon 1003 ii 1´: read ṣa-a-[te] or ṣa-a-[ti] instead of ṣa-a-[tu].

70 JAMIE NOVOTNY

ṣillu (n.) “protection”; wr. GIŠ.MI-šu-[nu], GIŠ.MI-šú-nu. ṣimdu (ṣindu) (n.) “binding”; wr. ṣi-in-da-šú, ṣi-in-[di]**. ṣimittu (n.) “binding”; wr. ṣi-mit-ti. ṣippatu (n.) “fruit orchard”; wr. ṣip-pa-a-te, ṣip-pa-a-ti, ṣip-pat. ṣipru (n.) “point”; wr. ṣip-ri. ṣīru (adj.) “exalted, magnificent; lofty; high-ranking”; wr. MAḪ.MEŠ, ṣi-i-ri, ṣi-i-ru, ṣi-i-rum, ṣi-ir-

tú, ṣi-ra-a-ti,52 ṣi-ru, ṣi-ru-ti, ṣi-ru-ú-ti, ṣir-ti, ṣir-tu, ṣir-tum. ṣītu (n.) “issue”; wr. ṣi-it. ṣubātu (n.) “garment”; wr. TÚG, ṣu-bat, ṣu-bat-su-nu. ṣubbû (v.) D “to inspect”; Dt “to be recognizable” wr. uṣ-ṣab-bi-ma, uṣ-ṣab-bu-ú, ú-ṣab-bi**, ú-ṣab-bi-ma.

ṣubbubu (adj.) “spread”; wr. ṣu-ub-bu-bu. ṣuḫḫuru (adj.) “very small”; wr. ṣu-uḫ-ḫu-rat, ṣu-uḫ-ḫu-rat-ma. ṣullû (v.) D “to beseech”; wr. ú-ṣal-la**, ú-ṣal-la-a, [ú-ṣal-la-a-ni-ma],53 ú-ṣal-la-an-ni-ma, [ú-ṣal]-li, ú-ṣal-li-šú-nu-ti-ma, ú-ṣal-lu-ma, ú-ṣal-lu-u.

ṣullulu (v.) D “to roof over”; wr. ú-ṣa-lil. ṣulmu (n.) “blackness”; wr. ṣu-ul-me**. ṣulû (ṣullû) (n.) “supplication”; wr. ṣu-ul-le-e, ṣu-ul-le-e-šú. ṣulūlu (n.) “protection”; wr. AN.DÙL-ka, ṣu-lu-li, ṣu-lu-ul-ku-nu, ṣu-lul, ṣu-lul-ku-nu, ṣu-lul-šú-nu. ṣumāmu (n.) “thirst”; wr. ṣu-ma-a-me, ṣu-ma-mi. ṣūmu (ṣummu) (n.) “thirst”; wr. ṣu-um-me. ṣuppān (n.) “unit”; wr. ṣu-pan, ṣu-up-pan. ṣurru (n.) “interior”; wr. ṣur-ra-šú-un, ṣur-ri-ku-un. ṣurru (n.) “obsidian”; wr. NA4.ZÚ.

Š ša (det. pron.) “of; concerning; to; with”; as rel. pron. “who; whose; that; when”; wr. ša, šá. šabsu (adj.) “angry”; wr. šab-su. šâbu (v.) D “to tremble”; wr. i-šu-ub-bu. šadādu (v.) Š “to drag”; wr. ú-šal-di-du-u-ni. šadāḫu (v.) Gt “to maneuver”; Gtn “to march”; wr. áš-tam-di-iḫ, ši-tam-du-uḫ. šadālu (v.) D “to increase”; wr. li-šam-<<šam>>-di-il-šu, lu-šam-dil, šum-dul. šaddattunu (n.) “stool?”; wr. šá-da-tu-ni. šaddidu (n.) “boat-tower”; wr. LÚ.GÍD.DA.MEŠ. šaddûʾa (n.) “mountain-dweller”; wr. šad-du-u-a, šad-du-u8-a. šaddūāʾiš (šaddūʾiš) (adv.) “like a mountain”; wr. KUR-u8-a-ìš, šad-du-u8-ìš. šadlu (adj.) “broad”; wr. šad-lu-ti, šad-lu-ú-ti. šadû (šaddû) (n.) “mountain”; wr. KUR, KUR-e, KUR-i, KUR-i-šú, KUR-ú, KUR-šú, KUR.MEŠ, KUR.

MEŠ-e, KUR.MEŠ-ni-šú-nu, KUR.MEŠ-šú-un, šad-de-e, šad-di, šad-di-i**, šad-di-i-šú, šad-di-šú.

52. Esarhaddon 109 i 14´: read ˹ab-ta˺-a-ti instead of ṣi-ra-a-ti; reading based on collation and collation

of 82-3-23, 55 (Esarhaddon 117) line 5. 53. Esarhaddon 97 9: read [ú-ṣal-la-an-ni-ma] instead of [ú-ṣal-la-a-ni-ma].


šagāšu (v.) G “to murder”; wr. šag-ga-šu, šá-ga-šú. šaggaštu (n.) “slaughter”; wr. šag-ga-[áš-ti]. šāgišu (n.) “who slaughters”; wr. ša-giš. šaḫātu 1 (v.) G “to be afraid”; wr. [aš-ḫu-ut],54 áš-ḫu-ut, iš-ḫu-ṭu-ma. šaḫātu 2 (v.) G “to apply something”; wr. iš-ḫu-ut-ma. šaḫāṭu 1 (v.) Š “to make jump”; wr. ú-šá-áš-ḫi-iṭ. šaḫāṭu 2 (v.) G “to tear off”; wr. iš-ḫu-uṭ-ma. šaḫtu (šaḫṭu) (adj.) “reverent”; wr. šaḫ-tu, šaḫ-tum, šaḫ-tú, šaḫ-ṭu, šáḫ-ṭu, šá-aḫ-[tú]. šaḫû (n.) “pig”; wr. ŠAḪ. šaḫūru (n.) (part of a temple); wr. šá-ḫu-ri. šakānu (v.) G “to place; deposit; provide; hold (a celebration)”; Gt “to establish permanently”; Gtn

“to establish again and again”; Š “to have placed”; N “to be established”; wr. GÁ-ma, [aš]-kun,55 aš-tak-ka-nu,56 áš-ku-nu-u-ma, áš-ku-un, áš-kun, áš-kun-ma, áš-kun-šú-nu-ti-ma, áš-ta-kan, áš-tak-ka-an, áš-tak-ka-na, áš-tak-ka-nu, áš-tak-kan-ma, áš-tak-kán-ma, i-šak-ka-nu, [i-šak]-ka-nu-ma, iš-ku-nu, iš-kun-ma, iš-tak-ka-[an], iš-tak-ka-nu, iš-tak-kan, iš-tak-[nu]**, iš-šak-na-nim-ma, iš-šak-nu-nim-ma, iš-šak-nu-u-ma, iš-šá-kin, iš-šá-kin-ma, liš-kun, [liš-šá]-ki-in, liš-šá-kin, ta-šak-kan, ta-šá-kan, taš-ku-nu, taš-ku-nu-ma, ú-šá-áš-kin, šá-ka-nu, šit-ku-nu, šu-kun, šu-kun-ma, šu-uk-[na].

šākinu (n.) “one who places”; wr. ša-ki-nat, šá-kin. šakkanakku (n.) “(military) governor”; wr. GÌR.NÍTA. šakkanakkūtu (n.) “governorship”; wr. GÌR.NÍTA-ut. šaknu 1 (adj.) “placed; set; established”; wr. GAR-ma, šak-nat, šak-nu, šak-nu-u-ni, šá-ak-na-at-

ma, šá-kin-ma**. šaknu 2 (n.) “governor”; wr. LÚ.GAR, LÚ.GAR-nu-te, LÚ.GAR-nu.MEŠ, šá-ak-nu. šaknu 2 in šakin māti (n.) “provincial governor”; wr. LÚ.GAR.KUR. šaknūtu (n.) “governorate”; wr. LÚ.NAM-ú-te. šalālu (v.) G “to carry off, plunder”; wr. aš-lu-la,57 áš-lu-la, áš-lu-lam-ma, áš-lul, iš-lu-lam-ma,

šá-la-li, šá-lal. šalamtu (n.) “corpse”; wr. šá-lam-ti-šú-nu**. šalāmu (v.) G, as n. “well-being”; D “to carry out in full”; wr. SILIM, ú-šal-la-mu, ša-lam, šá-

lam, šul-lum. šalāš (šalāšat) (num.) “three”; wr. 3. šalāšā (num.) “thirty”; wr. 30. šalāšī (adv.) “three times”; wr. 3-šú. šalgu (n.) “snow”; wr. šal-gu. šalḫû (n.) “outer wall”; wr. šal-ḫu-ú-šu, šal-ḫu-šu, šal-ḫu-šú, šal-ḫu-šú-un. šālilu (n.) “plunderer”; wr. šá-lil. šallaru (n.) “wall plaster”; wr. šal-la-ru, šal-la-ru-šá, še-la-ar-šú. šallatiš (adv.) “as booty”; wr. šal-la-tiš.

54. Esarhaddon 116 rev. 9: read [áš-ḫu-ut] instead of [aš-ḫu-ut]. 55. Esarhaddon 116 rev. 26: read [áš]-kun instead of [aš]-kun. 56. Esarhaddon 105 viii 11: read áš-tak-ka-nu instead of aš-tak-ka-nu. 57. Esarhaddon 2 ii 1: read áš-lu-la instead of aš-lu-la.

72 JAMIE NOVOTNY

šallatu (n.) “booty; despoliation”; wr. šal-la-at, šal-la-sún, šal-lat, šal-lat-su, šal-lat-su-nu, šal-lat-su-un, šal-lat-sún.

šallu (adj.) “plundered”; wr. šal-lu-te, šal-lu-ti, šal-lu-tu, šal-lu-u-ti, [šal]-lu-ú-te, šal-lu-ú-[ti]. šallūtu (n.) “state of captivity”; wr. šal-lu-tú. šalmiš (šalmeš) (adv.) “in safety”; wr. šal-meš. šalmu (adj.) “favorable”; wr. šal-ma-a-ti, šal-me, šal-mi, šal-mu-te, šal-mu-u-te**, šá-lim-tu. šalputtu (n.) “ruination”; wr. šal-pu-ut-ta-šú-nu, šal-pú-ti. šalṭāniš (adv.) “in triumph”; wr. šal-ṭa-niš. šalṭiš (adv.) “triumphantly”; wr. šal-ṭiš. šalû (v.) G “to cast away”; wr. is-lu-u. šâlu (v.) G “to ask”; wr. áš-al, i-šal-ma, iš-al. šalummatu (n.) “radiance”; wr. šá-lum-ma-tu, šá-lum-ma-tum, šá-lum-mat-su. šamāḫu (v.) G “to grow; grow magnificent”; wr. iš-mu-ḫu, liš-mu-ḫu, šu-muḫ. šamallû (n.) “(scribal) apprentice”; wr. LÚ.ŠÁMAN.LÁ. šamāmiš (šamāmeš) (adv.) “to heaven”; wr. šá-ma-meš. šamāmū (n.) “heavens”; wr. šá-ma-me, šá-ma-mi. šamāru (v.) Gt “to show mettle”; wr. šit-mur. šamḫu (adj.) “prosperous”; wr. šam-ḫa-a-ti. šammu (n.) “plant(s)”; wr. Ú, šam-[me]. šamnu (n.) “oil”; wr. Ì, Ì+GIŠ, Ì.GIŠ, Ì.MEŠ, [šam]-ni, šam-ni**. šamriš (adv.) “furiously”; wr. šam-riš. šamru (adj.) “furious”; wr. šam-ru. šamšiš (adv.) “like the sun”; wr. šá-áš-ši-iš. šamšu (n.) “sun”; wr. dUTU, dUTU-ši, dUTU-šú, dšam-šu**, dšá-maš. šamû (n.) “heaven”; wr. AN, AN-e. šāmu (adj.) “purchased”; wr. ša-a-mu-tú, šá-a-mu-te. šanānu (v.) G “to equal”; N “to be equaled” wr. iš-šá-an-na-nu, šá-na-an. šangû (n.) “priest”; wr. LÚ.SANGA, SANGA. šangûtu (n.) “priestly duties, priestly office”; wr. SANGA-su, SANGA-ti, SANGA-ti-ia, SANGA-ti-ía,

ša-an-gu-ti-ia, šá-an-gu-ti-ia, šá-an-gu-ti-ía, šá-an-gu-ti-šú-un. šāninu (n.) “rival”; wr. šá-ni-na, šá-ni-ni. šanîš (adv.) “ditto”; wr. KI.MIN. šanû 1 (adj.) “second; deputy”; wr. 2-e, 2-tum**, 2-ú, KAS4, šá-ni-tum. šanû 2 (adj.) “(an)other”; wr. šá-na-ti-ma, šá-na-tim-ma, šá-nam-ma, šá-ni-tim-ma, šá-nim-ma. šanû 3 (v.) G “to do twice”; D “to repeat”; wr. iš-nu-u, uš-taš-ni-ma, ú-šá-an-na-[a], ú-šá-an-ni-

an-ni**. šanû 4 (v.) D “to change”; wr. ú-šá-an-ni-ma, ú-šá-ni-ma. šanunkatu (n.) “princess”; wr. šá-nu-kàt, šá-nun-ka-at. šapāku (v.) G “to heap up; store”; wr. áš-pu-ka, áš-pu-uk. šapāru (v.) G “to send; govern”; wr. [aš-pur],58 áš-pur, áš-pur-kam-ma, áš-pur-ma, áš-pur-šu-ma,

áš-pur-šú, i-šap-pa-ru, iš-pu-ram-ma, iš-pu-ru-nim-ma, iš-pur-am-ma, iš-pur-u-ma, iš-pur-šú-ma, iš-tap-pa-a, iš-tap-pa-ru-nim-ma, la-áš-pur, taš-ta-nap-par-a-ni, ú-šá-par-šú-nu-ti.

58. Esarhaddon 31 rev. 10: read [áš-pur] instead of [aš-pur].


šāpiru (n.) “leader”; wr. LÚ.šá-pi-ri, šá-pi-ru. šapku (adj.) “cast”; wr. šip-ki**. šaplānu (adv.) “below; deep down”; as prep. “underneath”; wr. šap-la-a-nu, šap-la-nu, šap-la-nu-

ú-a. šapliš (adv.) “lower value”; wr. šap-liš. šaplu (n.) “bottom”; as prep. “beneath”; wr. KI.TA, KI.TA-šú, šá-pal-šú, šá-pal-šú-un. šaplû (adj.) “lower”; wr. šap-li-ti, šap-[li-tum]. šapṣu (šipṣu) (adj.) “recalcitrant”; wr. šip-ṣu-u-ti. šapšāqu (n.) “hardship”; wr. šap-šá-qu. šaptu (n.) “lip”; wr. šap-ta-a-a**, [šap-te]-e-šú-nu, šap-ti-ia, šap-ti-ía, šap-ti-ku-un, šap-tuk-ki,

šap-tuš-šá, [šap-tuš-šú]. šaqîš (adv.) “high up”; wr. šá-qiš. šaqû 1 (adj.) “high, lofty”; as n. “exalted one”; wr. šá-qa-a, šá-qu-ti, šá-qu-u. šaqû 2 (v.) G “to elevate”; Š ~ G; wr. i-šá-qu**, ú-šaq-qí, ú-šaq-qí-ma**, ú-šaq-qu**. šaqû 3 (v.) Š “to give (drink) to; soak”; wr. ú-šá-áš-qí. šarāḫu (v.) D “to make splendid”; wr. ú-šar-ri-ḫa, ú-šar-ri-ḫu, ú-šar-ri-iḫ, ú-šar-ri-iḫ-ma. šarāku (v.) G “to present”; wr. aš-ruk,59 áš-ruk, i-šar-ra-ku, i-šar-ra-ku-uš, iš-ru-ka, iš-ru-ku, iš-

ru-ku-in-ni-ma, iš-ruk-in-ni, liš-ru-ku, šá-ra-ku, šur-ka-šú-nu-ti-ma. šarāpu (v.) G “to burn”; wr. GÍBIL-u. šarāqu (v.) G “to steal”; wr. iš-ri-qu. šarāṭu (v.) D “to tear”; wr. ú-šar-riṭ-ma. šarḫu (adj.) “proud”; wr. šar-ḫu, šá-ru-uḫ-ti, šá-ru-uḫ-tu. šāriku (n.) “who presents (gifts)”; wr. šá-rik. šarku (n.) “pus”; wr. šar-ku. šarrāqu (n.) “thief”; wr. šar-ra-qa-ku-ma, šar-ra-qu. šarratu (n.) “queen”; wr. šar-ra-ti, šar-ra-tu, [šar]-ra-tum, šar-ra-tú, šar-rat. šarru (n.) “king”; wr. LUGAL, LUGAL-a-ni, LUGAL-šu, LUGAL-šú, LUGAL.ME, LUGAL.MEŠ, LUGAL.

MEŠ-ni, MAN, MAN-šú, MAN.MEŠ. šarrūtu (n.) “kingship”; wr. LUGAL-su**, LUGAL-su-un, LUGAL-ti, LUGAL-ti-ia, LUGAL-ti-ka, LUGAL-

ti-šú, LUGAL-u-te, LUGAL-u-ti, LUGAL-u-ti-ia, [LUGAL-u-ti-šú-nu]**, LUGAL-u-ut, LUGAL-[us-su], LUGAL-ut, LUGAL-ú-ti, LUGAL-ú-ti-ia, LUGAL-ú-tu, LUGAL-ú-tú, MAN-ti, MAN-ti-ia, MAN-ti-ía, MAN-ti-šú, šar-ru-ti-[ia], šar-ru-ut.

šarrūtu in šanat rēš šarrūti (n.) “accession year”; MU.SAG.LUGAL.LA, MU.SAG.NAM.LUGAL.LA. šāru (n.) “wind; direction”; wr. šá-a-ri**, šá-a-ru. šassūru (n.) “womb”; wr. ŠÀ.TÙR. šasû (v.) G “to call”; Gtn “to read aloud”; Š “to summon”; wr. al-si-ma, lil-ta-su-ma, šul-si-ma. šâša (pron.) “to her”; wr. šá-a-šá. šašmu (n.) “(single) combat”; wr. šá-áš-me, šá-áš-mu. šâšu (pron.) “him; that”; wr. ša-a-šú, šá-a-šú, šá-šú-ma**. šâšunu (pron.) “them”; wr. šá-a-šú-nu. šâti (šatti) (pron.) “that”; wr. šat-ti, šá-a-ti, šá-ti**. šâtina (pron.) “those”; wr. ša-ti-na, šá-ti-na.

59. Esarhaddon 53 obv. 11´: read áš-ruk instead of aš-ruk.

74 JAMIE NOVOTNY

šatpu (n.) “excavation”; wr. šá-at-pi**. šattišam(ma) (adv.) “yearly”; wr. šat-ti-šam, šat-ti-šam-ma. šattu (n.) “year”; wr. AD.ME.KÁR, MU.AN.NA, MU.AN.NA-šú, MU.AN.NA.MEŠ, MU.AN.NA.MEŠ-ia,

[MU].AN.NA.MEŠ-šú-un, [MU].MEŠ,60 [šat]-ti-šú. šâtu (pron.) “that”; wr. šá-a-tu. šâtunu (pron.) “those”; wr. šá-tu-nu. šaṭāru (v.) G “to write”; Š “to have written, have inscribed”; wr. al-ṭu-ur, [aš-ṭur],61 áš-ṭu-ur, áš-ṭur, áš-ṭur-ma, eš-ṭur-ma, i-šaṭ-ṭa-ru, iš-ṭur**, iš-ṭur-ma, liš-ṭur, ú-šá-áš-ṭi-ra, ú-šá-áš-ṭi-ru, ú-šá-áš-ṭir-ma.

šaṭru (adj.) “written”; wr. AB.SAR-ma, [ša]-aṭ-ru, šaṭ-ru, šaṭ-ṭír, šá-ṭir-ma, šà-ṭir. šâṭu 1 (v.) G “to pull”; wr. i-šá-ṭa, i-šu-ṭu, i-šú-ṭu, li-šu-ṭu. šâṭu 2 (v.) G “to ignore”; wr. i-šu-ṭu-ma. šawiru (šamiru) (n.) “ring”; wr. ḪAR. šebēru (v.) G “to break”; wr. taš-bir. šebû (v.) G “to be satisfied”; as n. “satisfaction”; wr. lu-uš-ba-a, lu-uš-bi, še-bé-e. šediš (šeššet) (num.) “six”; wr. 6. šēdu (n.) “protective deity”; wr. dALAD, dALAD.MEŠ. šēlabiš (adv.) “like a fox”; wr. še-la-biš. šēlebu (šēlabu) (n.) “fox”; wr. KA5.A, še-la-bu. šêlu (v.) D “to sharpen”; wr. ú-šá-ʾa-lu. šemû 1 (adj.) “hearing; obedient; propitious”; wr. ŠE.GA, še-me-e, še-me-ti, še-mu-u, še-mu-ú. šemû 2 (v.) G “to hear; listen”; wr. áš-me, áš-me-e-ma, i-še-em-me, i-šem-ma-a, i-šem-me, i-šem-

mi, i-šem-mu-u, i-šem-mu-ú, iš-ma-a, iš-me-e-ma, iš-me-ma, iš-mé-e-ma, iš-mu, iš-mu-u, iš-mu-u-ma, iš-mu-ú, tal-te-me, taš-ma-a, še-mu-ú.

šēpu (n.) “foot”; wr. GÌR.II, GÌR.II-ia, GÌR.II-ía, GÌR.II-uš-šú-un, GÌR.II-šú, GÌR.II-šú-un, GÌR.MEŠ-šú, še-pi-ia, še-pu-u-a, še-pu-uš-šu, še-pu-uš-šu-un, še-pu-uš-šú, še-pu-uš-šú-un, še-pu-šú-un.

šeriktu (širiktu) (n.) “present”; wr. ši-rik-ti, ši-rik-tuš, ši-<<ri>>rik-tuš. šerku (n.) “gift”; wr. šér-ki. šērtu (n.) “punishment”; wr. še-er-tu**. šēru (n.) “morning”; wr. še-e-[ri]. šerʾu (širʾu) (n.) “furrow”; wr. ši-ir-ʾu-ú. šeššer (šeššeret) (num.) “sixteen”; wr. 16. šeṭû (v.) G “to spread out”; wr. áš-ta-ṭi. šêṭu (v.) G “to miss (accidentally)”; wr. a-še-eṭ. šeʾû (v.) Gtn “to seek (out)”; wr. áš-te-eʾ-e, áš-te-eʾ-i, áš-te-ʾe, liš-te-eʾ-e. šiāḫu (v.) G “to grow (tall)”; wr. i-ši-ḫu. šiāmu (v.) G “to decree”; wr. i-ši-mu, i-ši-mu-in-ni, i-šim, i-šim-šu-nu-ti, li-ši-mu, li-ši-mu-in-ni, li-

šim, li-šim-šú, li-šim-šú-ma, ši-i-ma, ši-i-mi, ši-i-mì. šiāṭu (v.) G “to be neglectful”; wr. i-ši-ṭu. šibirru (n.) “shepherd’s staff”; wr. ši-bir-ri, ši-bir-ru. šibirtu (n.) “block”; wr. ši-bir-ti**.

60. Esarhaddon 41 3´: read [MU.AN.NA].MEŠ instead of [MU].MEŠ. 61. Esarhaddon 116 rev. 23: read [áš-ṭur] instead of [aš-ṭur].


šibšu (n.) (an agricultural tax); wr. ši-ib-še. šibṭu (n.) “plague”; wr. šib-ṭi. šībūtu (šēbūtu) (n.) “old age”; wr. še-bu-ta, še-bu-tu, ši-bu-tu. šiddu (n.) “side”; wr. UŠ. šigaru (sigaru) (n.) “(neck-)stock; door lock”; wr. GIŠ.ši-ga-ru, SI.GAR, SI.GAR-ru, SI.GAR-ši-in,

si-ga-ar-šá, si-ga-ri, ši-ga-ru, ši-gar-šá. šiḫḫatu (n.) “disintegration”; wr. ši-iḫ-ḫa-ti. šikaru (n.) “beer”; wr. KAŠ, KAŠ.SAG, ši-kar. šikittu (n.) “layout”; wr. ši-kit-ta-šú. šiknu (n.) “appointing; appearance; things endowed with; sediment”; wr. ši-ki-in-šu-un, ši-kin, ši-

kìn, šik-na-at**, šik-nat, šik-ni-šú-nu. šiltāḫu (n.) “arrow”; wr. GIŠ.šil-ta-ḫi, GIŠ.šil-ta-ḫu. šīmtu (n.) “fate”; wr. NAM.MEŠ, NAM.MEŠ-ia, ši-ma-a-ti, ši-ma-ti, ši-mat, ši-mat-su**, ši-mat-su-

un, šim-ti, šim-ti-ia, šim-tu, šim-tú. šina (šitta) (num.) “two”; wr. 2, 2.TA. šināti (pron.) “those”; wr. ši-na-a-ti, ši-na-ti. šinīšu (adv.) “twice; in two”; wr. 2-šú. šinnatu (n.) “similarity”; wr. šin-na-at. šinnu in šinni pīri (n.) “ivory”; wr. ZÚ AM.SI, šin-ni AM.SI. šinnu in šinni ṣabīti (n.) “gazelle-tooth stone”; wr. NA4.ZÚ ṣa-bi-ti. šinšeret (num.) “twelve”; wr. 12. šīpātu (n.) “wool”; wr. SÍG. šipirtu (n.) “message”; wr. ši-pir-ti, ši-pir-ti-ia, ši-pir-tu. šipku (n.) “dune”; wr. ši-pik. šipru (n.) “sending; work; action; craft”; wr. ši-ip-ri, ši-pir, ši-pir-šá, [ši-pir-šú], šip-ri, šip-ru. šipru in mār šipri (n.) “messenger”; wr. LÚ.A KIN, LÚ.A KIN-ia, LÚ.KIN.GI4.A.MEŠ-šú-nu. šipṭu (n.) “judgment”; wr. šip-ṭa-ni-šú-nu. šīru (n.) “flesh; skin; omen”; wr. UZU, UZU.MEŠ, UZU.MEŠ-šú-[nu]**. šitimgallu (n.) “master builder”; wr. LÚ.ŠITIM.GAL-li*, [LÚ].ŠITIM.GAL.ME. šitkunu (adj.) “situated; firmly fixed”; wr. šit-ku-na, šit-ku-na-at, šit-ku-nu. šitmuru (adj.) “praised”; wr. šit-mu-ru. šitrāḫu (adj.) “splendid”; wr. šit-ra-aḫ-ti, šit-ra-ḫa-ku, šit-ra-ḫu. šitūltu (n.) “discussion”; wr. ši-tul-ti. šiṭru (n.) “(piece of) writing; inscription”; wr. ši-ṭi-ir, ši-ṭir, šiṭ-[ri-ia], šiṭ-ri-šú. šizbu (n.) “milk”; wr. ši-iz-bu. šū (pron.) “he, that”; wr. šu-ú. šû (šuʾu) (n.) “sheep”; wr. šu-uʾ-e. šuāti (pron.) “that”; wr. šu-a-te, šu-a-ti, šu-a-tu, šu-a-tum, šu-a-tú, šú-a-tu, šú-a-tú. šuātina (pron.) “those”; wr. šu-a-ti-na. šuātunu (pron.) “those”; wr. šu-a-tu-nu, šú-a-tu-nu. šubarrû (n.) “(tax) exemption”; wr. šu-ba-re-e, šu-bar-ra-šú-un. šubtu (n.) “seat, dwelling; place; site; sheath”; wr. KI.TUŠ, KI.TUŠ-šu, KI.TUŠ-šú, KI.TUŠ-šú-nu, šu-ba-

a-te, šu-bat, šu-bat-sa, šu-bat-su, šu-ub-tu, šu-ub-tú, šub-ti-šú-un, šub-tu, šub-tu-uš-šú, šub-tú. šudlupu (adj.) “troubled”; wr. šu-ud-lu-pu.

76 JAMIE NOVOTNY

šuglutu (adj.) “awe-inspiring”; wr. šug-lud-di. šuḫḫu (adj.) “very long”; wr. šu-ḫu-u-ti. šuḫḫû (adj.) “destroyed”; wr. šuḫ-ḫa-a-te. šuḫtu (n.) “verdigris”; wr. šu-uḫ-tú**. šukkallu (sukkallu) (n.) “vizier”; wr. LÚ.SUKKAL. šuklulu 1 (adj.) “uncastrated”; wr. šuk-lu-lu-te**, šuk-lu-lu-ti, šuk-lul-ú-ti. šuklulu 2 (v.) Š “to complete”; wr. ú-šak-li-la, ú-šak-li-lu, ú-šak-lil, ú-šak-lil-ma, ú-šak-lil-u-ma,

šuk-lu-lu, šuk-lul. šukuttu (n.) “jewelry”; wr. šu-kut-ta-šú-nu, šu-kut-tu, šú-kut-tú. šulmu (n.) “well-being”; wr. šu-lum, šul-mu. šuluḫḫu (n.) “purification rite”; wr. šu-luḫ-ḫa, šu-luḫ-ḫu. šūluku (adj.) “befitting; became something”; wr. šu-lu-kàt-ma, šu-lu-ku. šumēla (adv.) “on the left”; wr. GÙB. šumēlu (n.) “the left”; wr. 2,30. šumu (n.) “name”; wr. MU, MU-ia, MU-ía, MU-ka, MU-šu, MU-šú, MU-šú-nu, MU-šú-un, šu-me, šu-

me-šu, šu-me-šú, šu-mi, šu-mi-[ia], šu-mi-šú, šu-mì, šu-mì-ia, šu-mì-ia-a-ma**, šu-mì-ía, šu-mu**, šum-šú.

šunnû (adj.) “altered, changed”; wr. šu-un-na-a-te, šu-un-né-e. šunu (pron.) “they”; wr. šu-nu. šuparzuḫu (v.) Š “to make abundant”; wr. uš-par-zi-iḫ. šupêlu (v.) Št “to be overturned”; wr. uš-ta-pé-lu. šupku (n.) “foundation”; wr. šu-pu-uk. šupqudu (adj.) “appointed”; wr. šu-up-qu-ud-du. šūpû (adj.) “resplendent; made resplendent”; wr. šu-pu-ú**, šu-pu-šú-ma. šūpušu (adj.) “built”; wr. šu-pu-šú. šuqultu (n.) “weight”; wr. KI.LÁ, KI.LÁ-šú-nu*, šu-qul-ta-[šu-nu]**. šūquru (adj.) “very valuable”; wr. šu-qu-ru, šu-qu-ru-ti. šurbû (adj.) “very great”; wr. šur-ba-a-tu, šur-ba-ta, šur-bu-u. šurbûtu (n.) “supreme”; wr. šur-bu-ti, šur-bu-tu, šur-bu-tú. šurmēnu (n.) “cypress”; wr. GIŠ.ŠUR.MÌN. šurruḫu (adj.) “very proud”; wr. šur-ru-ḫa-a-ma, šur-ru-ḫa-a-ti, šur-ru-ḫa-ku, šur-ru-ḫu. šuršu (n.) “foundations, root”; wr. šu-ru-us-su, šu-ru-us-su-un, šur-uš, šur-šú-šú. šuršû (adj.) “provided”; wr. šur-šu-ú. šūši (šūšu) (num.) “sixty”; wr. 60-šu**, UŠ. šušʾuru (v.) Š “to make dirty?”; wr. ú-šá-áš-ʾi-ir-ma. šūt (det. pron.) “of, those of, who(m)”; wr. šu-ut. šutāḫû (adj.) “paired (off)”; wr. šu-ta-ḫa-a-ti. šutātû (adj.) “positioned opposite one another”; wr. šu-ta-tu-u-ti, šú-ta-tú-te. šutēlupu (adj.) “interlocked”; wr. šu-te-lu-pu. šutēmudu (adj.) “superimposed (on one another)”; wr. šu-te-mu-du-te. šutēmuqu (adj.) “supplicating”; wr. šu-te-mu-qu**. šutērsû (v.) Št “to prepare”; wr. uš-tar-si-ma. šutlumu (v.) Š “to grant”; wr. ú-šat-li-mu-in-ni-ma. šuttu (n.) “dream”; wr. MÁŠ.GE6.


šūtu (n.) “south wind”; wr. IM.U18.LU. šūturu (adj.) “surpassing”; wr. šu-tu-rat**, šu-tu-ru.

T tabāku (v.) G “to pour (out)”; N “to be poured (out)”; wr. it-bu-ku, it-ta-bik-ma. tabālu (v.) G “to take away; disappear”; wr. it-ba-lu-ma, it-ba-lu-u-ma, it-bal. tabrītu (n.) “admiration”; wr. tab-rat. tāḫāzu (n.) “battle”; wr. MÈ, MÈ-ia, MÈ-ía, ta-ḫa-za-šú-nu, ta-ḫa-zi, ta-ḫa-zi-šu, ta-ḫa-zi-šú. taḫtû (n.) “defeat”; wr. taḫ-ta-šú-un. takālu (v.) G “to trust”; D “to entrust”; wr. at-kal-ma, at-ta-kil, at-ta-kil-ma, it-ta-kil, [it]-ta-kil-ma,

it-tak-lu, it-tak-lu-ma, it-tak-lu-ú-ma, tu-tak-ki-la-an-ni-ma. takbittu (n.) “honor; important position”; wr. tak-bit-ti, tak-bit-ti-[šu], tak-bit-tu. tākilu (n.) “one who trusts”; wr. ta-kil-šú. takkassu (n.) “unworked block”; wr. tak-kas. taklu (adj.) “trusted”; wr. tak-lu, tak-lu-ma, tak-lu-ú-ma, tak-lum. tākultu (n.) “meal”; wr. ta-kul-ti. tallaktu (n.) “walkway; passage; processional walk”; wr. tal-lak-ta-šá, tal-lak-ta-šú, tal-lak-ti. tamāḫu (v.) G “to grasp”; Š “to make grasp”; wr. at-muḫ, li-šat-me-eḫ, li-šat-me-ḫu, tu-šat-me-ḫa. tāmartu (n.) “appearance; audience-gift”; wr. IGI.LAL-šú-nu, ta-mar-te-šú, ta-mar-ti, ta-mar-ti-

šú, ta-mar-tu, ta-mar-tú. tamḫāru (n.) “battle”; wr. tam-ḫa-ra, tam-ḫa-ru. tāmiḫu (tāmeḫu) (n.) “one who grasps”; wr. ta-me-eḫ, ta-me-ḫu. tamlītu (n.) “mountings”; wr. tam-lit. tamlīu (tamlû) (n.) “terrace”; wr. tam-la-a, tam-le-e, tam-lu-ú, tam-lu-šá. tamšīlu (n.) “replica”; wr. tam-šil. tamû (v.) G “to swear”; wr. it-mu-ú. tanēḫtu (tanīḫtu) (n.) “relaxation”; wr. ta-ni-iḫ-ti. tanittu (n.) “praise”; wr. ta-nit-ti. taqānu (v.) D “to adorn; reorganize”; wr. ú-taq-qi-nu, ú-taq-qin-ma, ú-taq-qí-in-ma, ú-taq-qí-nu-ma. taraḫḫu (n.) “revetment”; wr. ta-ra-aḫ-ḫuš, ta-ra-ḫuš. tarāku (v.) G “to throb”; Š “to have someone wield (a tool)”; wr. i-tar-rak-ma, ú-šat-rik-ma, ú-šat-

rik-šú-nu-ti. tarānu (n.) “roof”; wr. ta-ra-an-šú. tarāpu (v.) G (meaning uncertain); wr. it-ru-pu-ma**. tarāru (v.) G “to tremble”; wr. i-tar-ru-ra. tarāṣu (v.) G “to stretch out”; Š “to arrange; roof”; wr. it-ru-ṣu, it-ru-ṣu-ma, lit-ru-uṣ, ú-šat-ri-iṣ,

ú-šat-ri-ṣa. tarbītu (n.) “product of”; wr. tar-bit. tarṣu (n.) “at the time of”; wr. tar-ṣi. târu (v.) G “to turn, return; turn back; do again”; D “to turn, return; become; take possession of

something; repel, turn back”; wr. GUR, i-tu-ra, i-tu-ru, i-tu-ru-ma, i-tu-ur-ra-ma, i-tur, li-ter, li-

78 JAMIE NOVOTNY

ter-ra,62 lu-ter, ta-ri, tur-ri, tur-ru, ut-ter-ma, ú-ta-ru, ú-tar-ru, ú-ter, ú-ter-ma, ú-ter-ra-kam-ma, ú-ter-raš-šum-ma, ú-ter-ru, ú-ter-ru-ma, ú-ter-ru-ú-ma, ú-ter-ši, [ú]-ter-[šú-ma],63 ú-ter-šú-nu-ti, ú-ter-šú-nu-ti-ma.

taskarinnu (n.) “boxwood”; wr. GIŠ.TÚG. tašgertu (tašgirtu) (n.) “deceit”; wr. taš-gir-ti. tašīltu (n.) “joy”; wr. ta-ši-il-ti, ta-ši-la-a-ti. tašlīšu (n.) “third man (of a chariot crew)”; wr. LÚ.3.U5.MEŠ, LÚ.3.[U5.MEŠ-šú]. tašriḫtu (n.) “glorification”; wr. taš-ri-iḫ-te***, taš-ri-iḫ-ti. tawwertu (tamirtu) (n.) “surrounding territory”; wr. ta-mir-ti. tayyartu (n.) “return”; wr. ta-a-a-ar-tú, ta-ia-ár-tú. tebû (v.) G “to rise up; attack”; Š “to make rise up”; wr. it-ba-am-ma, it-bu-šú-nu-ma, li-šat-bu-

ma, li-šat-bu-ú-ma, ú-šat-bu-u. tēbû (tībû) (adj.) “set in motion”; wr. ti-bu-u. tēdištu (n.) “renewal”; wr. te-diš-ti, te-diš-ti-ia. teknû (taknû) (n.) “praise”; wr. tak-ni-i. tēliltu (n.) “(ritual) cleansing”; wr. te-lil-te. tēmīqu (n.) “prayer”; wr. te-me-qí. temmēnu (n.) “foundation”; wr. te-me-en, te-me-en-[šun], te-me-en-šú, tem-me-en-šú, tè-me-en. tenēštu (n.) “people”; wr. te-né-še-ti-šú. tēnû (n.) “replacement”; wr. te-né-e, te-nu-u-ka. terku (tirku) (n.) “dark spot”; wr. ti-rik**. terṣu (tirṣu) (n.) “protégé”; wr. ti-ri-iṣ. têrtu (n.) “extispicy; omen”; wr. UZU.UR5.ÚŠ.MEŠ, te-re-e-ti. teslītu (n.) “petition”; wr. tés-le-ti. tiāmtu (tâmtu) (n.) “sea”; wr. ta-[ma]-ti, tam-ti, tam-tim, tam-tim-ma, tam-tum. tibku (n.) “course of bricks”; wr. ti-ib-ki. tību (n.) “attack”; wr. ti-bu-šú, ti-bu-šú-nu, ti-ib. tīdû (adj.) “knowing”; wr. ti-du-u. tikiltu (n.) “encouragement”; wr. ta-kil-ti, ti-kil-ti. tiklu (n.) “help”; wr. ti-ik-le-e-šú, ti-ik-li-ia, ti-ik-li-šú, ti-ik-li-šú-nu, [tik]-li-šú. tīlāniš (adv.) “into tells”; wr. ti-la-niš. tillu (n.) “(military) equipment”; wr. til-li, til-lu. tilpānu (n.) “bow”; wr. til-pa-nu. tīlu (n.) “(ruin) mound”; wr. ti-lu. timmu (n.) “column”; wr. GIŠ.tim-me, tim-me. tiqnu (n.) “ornament”; wr. ti-iq-ni. tīru (n.) “courtier”; wr. ti-i-ri. tiše (tišêt) (num.) “nine”; wr. 9. tišēšer (tišēšeret) (num.) “nineteen”; wr. 19. tizqāru (adj.) “supreme”; wr. ti-iz-qar-ti.

62. Esarhaddon 104 vi 22 and Esarhaddon 105 viii 27: read li-šar-šid instead of li-ter-ra; reading based

on collation. 63. Esarhaddon 97 12: read [ú]-˹ter˺-[ma] or [ut]-˹ter˺-[ma] instead of [ú]-˹ter˺-[šú-ma].


tukultu (n.) “trust; help”; wr. LÚ.tuk-lat-su, tu-kul-ti, tu-kul-ti-ia, tu-kul-ti-šú-nu, tuk-la-a-ti-šú, tuk-la-te-šú, tuk-la-te-šú-nu, tukul-ti, tukul-ti-šú, tukul-ti-šú-[nu].

tupšikku (n.) “hod (for carrying bricks)”; wr. tup-šik-ki, tup-šik-ku. tuqumtu (tuquntu) (n.) “battle”; wr. tu-qu-un-ti, tu-qu-un-tu. turminabandû (n.) (a breccia or marble); wr. NA4.DÚR.MI.NA.BÀN.DA. turminû (n.) (a breccia or marble); wr. NA4.DÚR.MI.NA.

Ṭ ṭabāḫu (v.) D “to slaughter”; wr. ú-ṭa-bi-iḫ, ú-ṭeb-bi-iḫ. ṭābiš (adv.) “well”; wr. ṭa-biš. ṭabtu (n.) “salt”; wr. MUN. ṭabtu in bīt ṭabti (n.) “salt desert”; wr. É.MUN. ṭābtu (n.) “goodness”; wr. MUN, ṭa-ab-tú. ṭābu (adj.) “good; sweet”; wr. DÙG.GA, ṭa-a-ba, ṭa-a-bi, ṭa-a-bu, ṭa-ab-tu, ṭa-ab-tú. ṭaḫdu (adj.) “abundant”; wr. ṭáḫ-du-ti. ṭarādu (v.) G “to drive out”; wr. at-ta-rad. ṭāridu (n.) “one who drives away”; wr. ṭa-rid. ṭātu (ṭaʾtu) (n.) “bribe”; wr. ṭa-aʾ-tú. ṭeḫû (v.) D “to bring close”; wr. [ú-ṭaḫ]-ḫa-a. ṭēḫu (n.) “immediate vicinity”; wr. ṭe-ḫi. ṭēmu (n.) “decision; understanding”; wr. ṭè-e-me, ṭè-e-mi, ṭè-e-mu, ṭè-em, ṭè-me, ṭè-me-šú-ma, ṭè-

me-šú-nu, ṭè-mi. ṭiābu (v.) G “to be good; be pleasing”; D “to make pleasing”; Š “to repair”; wr. i-ṭi-bu-ma, i-ṭib, iṭ-ṭib, li-ṭib-ma, ul-ṭib-ma, ú-ṭab-bu**.

ṭibḫu (n.) (meaning uncertain); wr. ṭi-bi-iḫ**. ṭīdu (ṭiṭṭu) (n.) “clay, mud”; wr. IM, ṭi-iṭ-ṭi. ṭūbu (n.) “goodness”; wr. DÙG-ub, ṭu-bi, ṭu-ub, ṭu-ú-bi. ṭuḫdu (n.) “abundance”; wr. ṭuḫ-di, ṭuḫ-du. ṭuppu (n.) “tablet”; wr. [DUB], ṭup-pi. ṭupšarru (n.) “scribe”; wr. A.BA, DUB.SAR, LÚ.A.BA.

U u (conj.) “and”; wr. u, ù. û (n.) “grain”; wr. ŠE. ūʾa interj.; “woe!”; wr. u8-a. ubšukkinnakku (n.) “court of assembly”; wr. ub-šu-ukkin-na-ki. udru (uduru) (n.) “Bactrian camel”; wr. ANŠE.ú-du-ri. ugāru (n.) “plain”; wr. A.GÀR, ú-ga-ru. uggatu (n.) “anger”; wr. ug-gat, ug-gat-su. uḫulgallu (n.) “unfavorable day”; wr. U4.ḪUL.GÁL.E. uḫummiš (uḫummeš) (adv.) “like a cliff”; wr. [ú-ḫu]-um-meš**, ú-ḫum-meš. ukkulu (adj.) “very dark”; wr. uk-ku-lu-tu.

80 JAMIE NOVOTNY

ul (neg. particle) “not”; wr. ul. ula (neg. particle) “not”; wr. ú-la. ulālu (n.) “weak (person)”; wr. ú-la-li. ulla 1 (interj.) “no!”; wr. ul-la. ulla 2 (adv.) “earliest times”; wr. ul-la**, ul-la-a-ma. ullânu (adv.) “before”; wr. ul-la-nu-ú-a. ullû (pron.) “distant”; wr. ul-lu-ti. ulṣāniš (adv.) “joyfully”; wr. ul-ṣa-niš. ulṣu (n.) “pleasure”; wr. ul-ṣi. ūmišam(ma) (adv.) “daily”; wr. UD-šam, u4-me-šam, u4-me-šam-ma, u4-mi-šam-ma. umma (prep.) “saying”; wr. um-ma. ummānu (n.) “army, troops”; wr. ERIM, ERIM-a, ERIM-ni, ERIM-ni-ia, ERIM-šú, ERIM.ḪI.A, ERIM.ḪI.

A-ia, ERIM.ḪI.A-šú, ERIM.ḪI.A.MEŠ, ERIM.ḪI.A.MEŠ-ia, [LÚ.ERIM-ia], LÚ.ERIM-[šú], LÚ.ERIM.ḪI.A, um-ma-na-a-ti, um-ma-na-at, um-ma-ni, um-ma-ni-šu, um-ma-ni-šú, um-man-šú, um-man-šú-nu.

ummânūtu (n.) “(scribal) craft”; wr. um-ma-nu-te, um-ma-nu-ti, um-ma-nu-tú. ummān-manda (n.) “barbarian horde”; wr. ERIM-man-da, ERIM-man-du, ERIM.ḪI.A-man-da. ummiānu (ummânu) (n.) “craftsman”; wr. LÚ.um-ma-ni, um-ma-a-ni, um-ma-ni, um-ma-ni-ia. ummu (n.) “mother”; wr. AMA, AMA-ia. ūmu (n.) “day”; wr. UD, UD.BI, UD.MEŠ, UD.MEŠ-ia, UD.MEŠ-[ka], UD.MEŠ-šá, UD.MEŠ-šú, UD.MEŠ-

šú-[un], u4-me, u4-me-šu-ma, u4-me-šú, u4-me-šú-ma, u4-mu, u4-um-šú-un. unnīnu (n.) “supplication”; wr. un-ni-ni-šú. unūtu (n.) “equipment, utensils”; wr. ú-na-a-ti, ú-nu-ut. upnu (n.) “(cupped) hand”; wr. up-na-a-šú. uqnû (n.) “lapis lazuli”; wr. NA4.ZA.GÌN, ZA.GÌN***. urḫu (n.) “road”; wr. ú-ru-uḫ. urinnu 1 (n.) “eagle”; wr. u5-rí-in-ni. urinnu 2 (n.) “standard”; wr. ú-ri-ni. urmaḫḫu (n.) “lion colossus”; wr. UR.MAḪ.MEŠ, ur-maḫ-ḫi. urpatu (n.) “cloud”; wr. DUNGU. urrākūtu (n.) “sculptor’s craft”; wr. LÚ.ur5-ra-ku-te, LÚ.ur5-ra-ku-ti. urruḫiš (adv.) “speedily”; wr. ur-ru-ḫi-iš, ur-ru-ḫiš. uršānu (n.) “warrior”; wr. ur-ša-a-nu. ūṣu (n.) “arrow”; wr. uṣ-ṣi. uṣurtu (n.) “plan”; wr. GIŠ.ḪUR.MEŠ. ušalliš (adv.) “like lowland”; wr. ú-šal-liš. ušmannu (n.) “camp”; wr. uš-man-ni. uššu (n.) “foundation”; wr. SUḪ-šu, UŠ8-šá, UŠ8-šú, UŠ8-šú-un, UŠ8.MEŠ-šú-nu, uš-še, uš-še-e-šú,

uš-še-šá, uš-še-šu, uš-še-šu-un, uš-še-šú, uš-ši, uš-ši-šu, uš-ši-šú, uš-ši-šú-un. uššušu (adj.) “very distressed”; wr. uš-šu-uš**. uššušu (v.) D “to renew”; wr. ú-šeš. ušû (n.) “ebony”; wr. GIŠ.ESI. ušumgallu (n.) “lion-dragon”; wr. ú-šum-[gal]-lu, ú-šum-gal-lum. utnēnu (utnennu) (n.) “supplication”; wr. ut-nen-ni. utūnu (n.) “kiln”; wr. UDUN.


uznu (n.) “ear; wisdom”; wr. GEŠTU.II, GEŠTU.II-ia, GEŠTU.II-šu-un, GEŠTU.II-šú-un, GEŠTU.II.MEŠ-ia, uz-ni-ia, uz-nu, ú-zu-un-ka.

uzzu (n.) “anger”; wr. uz-zu.

W (w)abālu (v.) G “to carry; carry off; consider thoroughly; displace”; D “to spend (time)”; Št “to

consider thoroughly; send”; wr. ub-ba-lu4, ub-la, ub-lam-ma, ul-te-bi-la, uš-ta-bi-la, uš-ta-bil, ú-bi-lam-ma, ú-bi-lu-ma, ú-bi-lu-nim-ma, ú-bi-lu-u-ma, ú-bi-lu-šú-nu-ti-ma, [ú-bil],64 ú-bil-u-ni, ú-bil-šú-ma, ú-bíl-šu-ma.

(w)adû (v.) D “to make known”; wr. ú-ad-du-ni, ú-ad-du-šú. (w)aklu (n.) “overseer”; wr. LÚ.ak-li, ak-li. (w)alādu (malādu) (v.) G “to be created”; wr. im-ma-al-du, im-ma-al-du-ma. (w)ālidu (n.) “one who begets”; wr. a-li-di-šú. (w)ālittu (n.) “one who gives birth”; wr. a-lit-ti-ia. (w)apû (v.) Š “to make manifest”; Štn iter.; wr. lu-šá-pa-a, ul-ta-pa-a, ul-tap-pa-a, uš-tap-pa-a. (w)aqru (adj.) “valuable”; wr. a-qar-te, a-qar-tu, a-qar-tú, aq-ru***. (w)aqû (v.) D “to wait (for)”; wr. uq-qí. (w)ardu (n.) “servant”; wr. ARAD, ARAD.MEŠ-ia, ARAD.MEŠ-ka, ARAD.MEŠ-šú, LÚ.ARAD.MEŠ-šú,

ar-di, ar-du. (w)ardūtu (n.) “vassalage”; wr. [ARAD]-ti,65 ARAD-ti-ia, ARAD-u-ti, ARAD-ú-ti-ia. (w)arḫišam(ma) (adv.) “monthly”; wr. ITI-šam, ITI-šam-ma. (w)arḫu (n.) “month”; wr. ITI. (w)arka (adv.) “afterwards”; wr. EGIR, ar-ka. (w)arkānu (adv.) “later”; wr. ar-ka-a-nu, ar-ka-nu. (w)arki (prep.) “after, behind”; wr. EGIR-ia, EGIR-ía, EGIR-šú, ar-ke-e-šú, ar-ki. (w)arkītu (n.) “future”; wr. EGIR, EGIR.MEŠ, ar-kat, ár-kát, ár-kàt. (w)arkû (adj.) “later”; as n. “rear guard, the latter”; wr. EGIR-a-a, EGIR-u, EGIR-ú, ar-ka-a, ar-ku-

te, ar-ku-ú, ár-ku-ti. (w)arqu (adj.) “green”; wr. SIG7.MEŠ. (w)aršu (adj.) “dirty”; wr. ar-šu. (w)arû (marû) (v.) G “to lead”; Gtn “look after”; Š “to begin action against”; wr. it-ta-ru-ú***, tu-

šá-ra-an-ni-ma, ú-ma-a-ru**, ú-ra-a. (w)âru (mâru) (v.) G “to go (up to)”; D “to send”; wr. a-ri, aʾ-a-ri, ú-ma-ʾa-<ar>-šu, ú-ma-ʾe-er,

ú-ma-ʾe-er-ma, ú-ma-ʾe-er-šú-nu-ti-ma, ú-ma-ʾe-ru-in-ni. (w)aṣû (v.) G “to go out, go forth; exit; escape; Š “to bring out; make go forth, make attain”; wr. a-ṣe-e, it-ta-ṣa-a, it-ta-ṣi, it-ta-ṣu-ú, ú-šá-aṣ-ṣu-ma, ú-še-ṣa-a, ú-še-ṣa-am-ma, ú-še-ṣi, ú-še-ṣi-ši-na-a-ti, ú-še-ṣi-ši-na-ti, ú-še-ṣu-ni, ú-še-ṣu-ú***, ú-ṣi, ú-ṣu-nim-ma.

(w)ašābu (v.) G “to sit”; G, as n., “occupation”; Š “to make sit; make reside, settle”; wr. a-ša-bi, a-šab, a-šab-šu, a-šab-šú, a-šab-šú-nu, a-šá-a-bi-ki, a-šá-bi-ki, lu-še-šib-šú, tu-še-ši-bu-šú-ma, ú-še-ši-ban-ni, ú-še-ši-bu, ú-še-ši-bu-ni-ma, ú-še-ši-ib-ma, ú-še-šib, ú-še-šib-ma, ú-še-šib-ši, ú-

64. Esarhaddon 31 obv. 11´: read [ub-lam-ma] or [ú-bi-lam-ma] instead of [ú-bil]. 65. Esarhaddon 30 obv. 15´: read [ARAD-u]-ti or [ARAD-ú]-ti instead of [ARAD]-ti.

82 JAMIE NOVOTNY

še-šib-šu-nu-ti, [ú-še-šib-šú], ú-še-šib-šú-nu-ti, ú-še-šib-šú-nu-ti-ma, ú-ši-bu, ú-ši-bu-ma, ú-ši-ib, ú-šib, ú-šib-ma, šu-šu-bu, šu-šu-ub.

(w)ašāru (mašāru) (v.) D “to release; spare; abandon, leave”; wr. muš-šir-an-ni-ma, tu-maš-šar-ma, ú-maš-ša-ram-[ma], ú-maš-še-ru, ú-maš-ši-ra-ma, ú-maš-šir, ú-maš-šir-ma, ú-maš-šir-u-ma, ú-maš-šìr-u-ma, ú-maš-šìr-ú-ma.

(w)āšibu (adj.) “residing”; wr. a-ši-ba, a-ši-bat, a-ši-bu-te, a-ši-bu-ti, a-ši-bu-ut, a-šib. (w)āšipu (n.) “incantation priest, exorcist”; wr. LÚ.KA.PIRIG.MEŠ, LÚ.KA.PÌRIG, LÚ.MAŠ.MAŠ.MEŠ. (w)ašru (adj.) “humble”; wr. áš-ri, áš-ru. (w)atartu (n.) “addition”; wr. a-tar-tim-ma. (w)atāru (v.) D “to increase, make bigger”; Š “to make bigger; make surpassing”; wr. ut-tir, ut-tir-

ma, ú-tir-[ma], ú-šá-te-ru, ú-šá-ti-[ru], ú-šá-tir, šu-tu-ri. (w)atmanu (n.) “cella”; wr. at-ma-ni, at-ma-ni-šú, at-ma-ni-šú-nu**, at-man. (w)atru (adj.) “additional”; wr. at-ru. (w)atû (v.) D “to find; select”; wr. tu-tan-ni-ma, tu-ut-tan-ni-ma, tu-ut-tu-šu-ma, [tu-ut-tu]-šú-ma,

ut-tu-in-ni, ut-tu-u, ut-tu-šu-ú-ma. (w)ēdu (n.) “single”; wr. e-du. (w)erû (n.) “copper”; wr. URUDU. (w)iāṣu (miāṣu) (v.) G “to be(come) too small”; wr. i-mi-ṣa-an-ni-ma. (w)uṣṣuṣu (v.) D “to interrogate”; wr. ú-ṣi-iṣ. (w)uʾʾurtu (ûrtu) (n.) “command”; wr. ur-tu.

Y yâši (pron.) “to me”; wr. ia-a-ši. yâti (pron.) “me”; wr. ia-a-ti, ia-a-ti-ma, [ia]-ti.

Z zaʾānu (v.) D “to decorate”; wr. ú-za-in-ma. zabālu (v.) Š “to carry”; wr. ú-šá-az-bil. zabbilu (n.) “bearer”; wr. za-bil. zāʾeru (n.) “enemy”; wr. za-aʾ-i-ri-ia, za-ʾi-ri-ia, [za-ʾi-ri]-ía. zagmukku (n.) “New Year (festival)”; wr. zag-muk-ki. zaḫalû (n.) “silver alloy”; wr. za-ḫa-la-a, za-ḫa-le-[e], za-ḫa-lu-u, za-ḫal-la-a. zakāru (saqāru) (v.) G “to name; swear”; Gt “to discuss; speak”; D “to invoke”; Š “to make

swear”; wr. az-ku-ra, iz-ku-ru, iz-kur-u-ma, iz-kur-ú-ma, íz-kur-[u-ma], lit-tas-qa-ru, ti-is-qa-ri, ú-zak-ki-ru-ma, ú-šá-az-ki-ir-šu-nu-ti.

zakû (v.) D “to make exempt”; wr. ú-zak-ki-šú-nu-ti. zakûtu (n.) “exemption”; wr. za-ku-ti-šú,66 za-ku-ti-šú-nu. zamāru (n.) “song”; wr. za-ma-ri. zanānu (v.) G, as n. “rain”; wr. za-na-an. zāninu (n.) “provisioner”; wr. za-a-nin, za-ni-nu, za-nin.

66. Esarhaddon 107 viii 8: Read za-ku-ti-šú-nu instead of za-ku-ti-šú; new reading based on trans-

Atlantic join between BM 78247 and MMA 86.11.342 + CBS 1526.


zaʾnu (adj.) “adorned”; wr. za-aʾ-na-tu, za-in. zaqāpu (v.) G “to plant”; wr. az-qu-up, za-qa-ap, [za]-qap, za-qap**. zaqāru (v.) D “to build (very) high”; wr. ú-zaq-qir. zārû (n.) “progenitor”; wr. za-ri-šú-nu. zaʾû (n.) “(aromatic) resin”; wr. za-ʾi. zāwiānu (zāmânu) (n.) “enemy”; wr. [za-ma]-ni-i-a, za-ma-ni-ia, za-ma-ni-šú. zâzu (v.) G “to divide”; D ~ G; wr. a-zu-uz-ma, ú-za-ʾi-iz. zenû 1 (adj.) “angry”; wr. ze-nu-ti. zenû 2 (v.) G “to be angry”; D “to make angry”; wr. iz-nu-ú, ú-ze-en-nu-u. zenûtu (n.) “anger”; wr. ze-nu-te, ze-nu-tu. zēru 1 (adj.) as n. “hostile thing”; wr. ze-ra-a-te, ze-ra-a-ti, ze-ra-ti. zēru 2 (n.) “offspring, seed”; wr. NUMUN, NUMUN-ia, NUMUN-šá, NUMUN-šu-un, NUMUN-šú,

NUMUN.MEŠ-šú. ziāqu (v.) G “to blow”; wr. [a-zi-iq], i-zi-qam-ma, za-aq-šú. zibbatu (n.) “tail”; wr. KUN. zību 1 (n.) “food offering”; wr. zi-bé-e-šú, zi-bi-šú-un. zību 2 (n.) “vulture”; wr. zi-i-bu. zikaru (adj.) “male”; as n. “man”; wr. NÍTA, NÍTA.MEŠ, zi-ka-ru. zikru (n.) “utterance; name”; wr. zi-kir, zi-kir-šu, zi-kir-šú, zi-kir-šú-nu, zi-kir-šú-un, zik-ri, zik-ru-šá. zikrūtu (n.) “manliness”; wr. zik-ru-su, zik-ru-u-ti. zīmu (n.) “face, appearance”; wr. zi-me-šú-nu, zi-mu-šu, zi-mu-šú. ziqqurratu (n.) “ziggurrat”; wr. ziq-qur-ra-tu. zumru (n.) “body”; wr. SU-šú**, zu-mur-šú, zu-um-ri-ši-na. zunnu (n.) “rain”; wr. ŠÈG.MEŠ, ŠÈG.MEŠ-šú**. zuqiqīpu (n.) “scorpion”; wr. GÍR.TAB, GÍR.TAB.MEŠ. zuʾʾuzu (adj.) “divided”; wr. zu-uʾ-ú-zu.

APPENDIX 1: LIST OF VERBAL ROOTS

ʾbb ebēbu D ʾbk abāku G ʾbr abāru 3 G; ebēru G ʾbt abātu 1 G; abātu 2 N ʾdʾ edû 3 G ʾdl edēlu G ʾdq edēqu G ʾdr adāru G ʾdš edēšu D ʾgʾ egû G ʾgg agāgu G ʾḫr aḫāru D ʾḫz aḫāzu G, D, Š ʾkb See ʾkp ʾkl ekēlu G

ʾkm ekēmu G ʾkp ekēpu D ʾlʾ elû 2 G, D, Š ʾlk alāku G, Gtn, Š ʾll alālu G ʾlṣ elēṣu G, Š ʾmʾ see ʾwʾ ʾmd emēdu G ʾmr amāru G, N ʾnʾ enû N ʾnḫ anāḫu G, Š ʾnn enēnu G ʾnš enēšu G ʾpl apālu G, Gt, Gtn ʾpr apāru G

ʾpš epēšu G, Š, N ʾrb erēbu G, Š ʾrk arāku G, D ʾrm arāmu G ʾrr arāru G ʾrsʾ šutērsû Št ʾrš erēšu G ʾsq esēqu G ʾṣr eṣēru G ʾšʾ išû 2 G ʾšr ašāru G; ešēru G, Š, Št,

Štn, N ʾšš uššušu D ʾtq etēqu G, Gtn ʾṭr eṭēru G

84 JAMIE NOVOTNY

ʾwʾ awû Gt; ewû 2 G, Š ʾzb ezēbu G, Š ʾzz ezēzu G; izuzzu G, Š bʾʾ bâʾu G, Š; buʾʾû D bʾl baʾālu G; bêlu G bʾr bâru G; bêru G bbl babālu N bkʾ bakû G blʾ belû G blkt nabalkutu N, Š bll balālu G blṭ balāṭu 2 G, D bnʾ banû 2 D; banû 3 G, D,

N brʾ barû 2 G; bitrû 2 Š brm barāmu G bšʾ bašû 2 G, Š, N bšm bašāmu 2 G, D btq batāqu G bṭl baṭālu G, Š dʾk dâku G dʾš diāšu G dbb dabābu G dgl dagālu G, Š dkʾ dekû G dkk dakāku G dll dalālu G dnn danānu 2 D gll gullulu D glt galātu Š gml gamālu G gmr gamāru G grn See qrn ḫʾš ḫiāšu G ḫʾṭ ḫiāṭu G ḫbb ḫabābu Š ḫbl ḫabālu G ḫbt ḫabātu G ḫdʾ ḫadû G ḫlp ḫalāpu D ḫlq ḫalāqu G, D ḫmṭ ḫamāṭu Š ḫrʾ ḫerû G, Š ḫrb ḫarābu Š

ḫss ḫasāsu G ḫṣṣ ḫaṣāṣu D ḫšḫ ḫašāḫu G ḫṭʾ ḫaṭû G kʾn kânu G, D kbr kabāru G kbs kabāsu G, Š klʾ kalû 3 G kll kullumu D, Š; šuklulu 2

Š, Štn; klmʾ nekelmû N kmʾ kamû G kmr kamāru N kms kamāsu G, Š knš kanāšu G, Š kpd kapādu G, Š krb karābu G, Gtn krt karātu D ksʾ kasû G kṣr kaṣāru G kšʾ kašû D kšd kašādu G, Š kšr kašāru G kšṭ kašāṭu G ktm katāmu G ktr katāru G lbn labānu G, Š lbr labāru G, Š lbš labāšu D, Š, N lqʾ leqû G lmʾ See lwʾ lmd lamādu Š lmn lemēnu D lpt lapātu Š, Št lwʾ lawû G, Š mʾʾ mâʾu G mʾd mâdu Š mʾr See wʾr mʾs mêsu G mʾṣ See wʾṣ mʾš mêšu G mdd madādu D mgr magāru G mḫʾ maḫû N

mḫr maḫāru G, Gtn, N mḫṣ maḫāṣu G mkr makāru G, Š mlʾ malû 3 G, D, ŠD mlk malāku G, Gt mnʾ manû G, N mqt maqātu G, Š mrʾ See wrʾ mrr marāru Š mrṣ marāṣu G msʾ mesû G msk masāku Š mṣʾ maṣû G, Š mšḫ mašāḫu G mšl mašālu G mšr See wšr mšʾ mašāʾu G; mašû G nʾʾ nêʾu G nʾd naʾādu Gt nʾḫ nâḫu G, D nʾr nêru G nbʾ nabû 2 G nbṭ nabāṭu Š ndʾ nadû 2 G, Š ndn nadānu 2 G ngš nagāšu Gtn nkd nakādu D nkl nakālu D, Š nkp nakāpu Gt, Gtn nkr nakāru D, Dt, Dtn nks nakāsu G, Š nmr See nwr nmš namāšu Gt npḫ napāḫu G, D npl napālu G, Š npš napāšu G, D nqʾ naqû G nqr naqāru G nrq narāqu N nsḫ nasāḫu G, N nsk nasāku Št nsq nasāqu G nṣr naṣāru G nšq našāqu G, D


nšʾ našû 2 G, Š nṭl naṭālu G, N nwr nawāru G, D pḫr paḫāru D plḫ palāḫu G, Š plq palāqu D pls palāsu N pqd paqādu G, Gt prd parādu G prk parāku N prkʾ naparkû 2 N prr parāru D prs parāsu G prš naprušu N pršd naparšudu N przḫ šuparzuḫu Š pšḫ pašāḫu G, Š pšq pašāqu Š pšr pašāru G pšš pašāšu G pšṭ pašāṭu G ptʾ petû 2 G, D ptn patānu Dt ptq patāqu G, N pṭr paṭāru G qʾʾ quʾʾû D qʾp qâpu G qʾš qiāšu G, D qbʾ qabû 2 G, N qbr qebēru G qmʾ qamû G qnn qanānu G qrʾ qerû G qrb qerēbu Gt, D qrn qarānu D qtʾ qatû D rʾʾ reʾû Gtn rʾb râbu G, D; riābu G rʾm râmu G rʾš riāšu G rbṣ rabāṣu Š rbʾ rabû 2 D, Š rdʾ redû G, D, Š rḫṣ raḫāṣu 1 G, N; raḫāṣu 2

G, Š rkb rakābu G rks rakāsu G, D rmʾ ramû G, Š rmk ramāku G rps rapāsu G rpš rapāšu D rsb rasābu G, D rṣp raṣāpu G ršʾ rašû 2 G, Š ršd rašādu Š rtʾ retû G, D sʾr sêru G sdr sadāru G, D sḫʾ seḫû D, N sḫp saḫāpu G, Š sḫr saḫāru G, Gtn, D, Š skp sakāpu G slḫ salāḫu G slm salāmu G spʾ suppû D spḫ sapāḫu G, D spn sapānu G sqr See zkr ṣbʾ ṣabû G; ṣubbû D, Dt ṣbr ṣabāru Gtn ṣbt ṣabātu G, Š ṣlʾ ṣelû G; ṣullû D ṣll ṣalālu G; ṣullulu D ṣlm ṣalāmu Š ṣmr ṣamāru D ṣrḫ ṣarāḫu 1 G, Š; ṣarāḫu 2

G ṣrp ṣarāpu G ṣrš ṣarāšu D šʾʾ šeʾû Gtn šʾb šâbu D šʾḫ šiāḫu G šʾl šâlu G; šêlu D šʾm šiāmu G šʾr šušʾuru Š šʾṭ šâṭu 1 G; šâṭu 2 G; šêṭu

G; šiāṭu G šbʾ šebû G

šbr šebēru G šdd šadādu Š šdḫ šadāḫu Gt, Gtn šdl šadālu D šgš šagāšu G šḫt šaḫātu 1 G; šaḫātu 2 G šḫṭ šaḫāṭu 1 Š; šaḫāṭu 2 G škn šakānu G, Gt, Gtn, Š, N šll šalālu G šlm šalāmu G, D šlʾ šalû G šmʾ šemû 2 G šmḫ šamāḫu G šmr šamāru Gt šnʾ šanû 3 G, D; šanû 4 D šnn šanānu G, N špʾl šupêlu Št špk šapāku G špr šapāru G šqʾ šaqû 2 G, Š; šaqû 3 Š šrḫ šarāḫu D šrk šarāku G šrp šarāpu G šrq šarāqu G šrṭ šarāṭu D šsʾ šasû G, Gtn, Š šṭʾ šeṭû G šṭr šaṭāru G, Š tʾr târu G, D tbʾ tebû G, Š tbk tabāku G, N tbl tabālu G tkl takālu G, D tlm šutlumu Š tmʾ tamû G tmḫ tamāḫu G, Š tqn taqānu D trk tarāku G, Š trp tarāpu G trr tarāru G trṣ tarāṣu G, Š ṭʾb ṭiābu G, D, Š ṭbḫ ṭabāḫu D ṭḫʾ ṭeḫû D

86 JAMIE NOVOTNY

ṭrd ṭarādu G wʾr wâru G, D wʾṣ wiāṣu G wbl wabālu G, D, Št wdʾ wadû D wld walādu G wpʾ wapû Š, Štn wqʾ waqû D wrʾ warû G, Gtn, Š

wṣʾ waṣû G, Š wṣṣ wuṣṣuṣu D wšb wašābu G, Š wšr wašāru D wtr watāru D, Š wtʾ watû vD zʾn zaʾānu D zʾq ziāqu G zʾz zâzu G, D

zbl zabālu Š zkr zakāru G, Gt, D, Š zkʾ zakû D znʾ zenû 2 G, D znn zanānu G zqp zaqāpu G zqr zaqāru D

APPENDIX 2: ADDITIONAL CORRECTIONS TO THE RINAP 4 TRANSLITERATIONS

Esarhaddon 2 iii 23: read KUR aš-šur instead of KUR.aš-šur. Esarhaddon 34 obv. 7ʹ: restore ú-šá-áš-kin at the end of obv. 8ʹ, and not at the end of line 7ʹ. Esarhaddon 57 vi 11: read [GIŠ.IG].MEŠ instead of [KÁ].MEŠ. Esarhaddon 80 5ʹ: read [É.GAL] not [É]. Esarhaddon 93 22: read É.GAL.TUR.RA instead of é-gal-tur-ra. Esarhaddon 129 37: restore liš-kun at the end of the line. Esarhaddon 1016 obv. 4ʹ: add ina before ṭup-pi.

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