state: andhra pradesh agriculture contingency plan for ... west... · godavari delta tail end areas...

State: ANDHRA PRADESH

Agriculture Contingency Plan for District: WEST GODAVARI

1.0 District Agriculture profile

District agriculture profile

1.1 Agro-Climatic/Ecological Zone

Agro Ecological Sub Region (ICAR) Eastern Coastal plain, hot sub-humid to semi arid eco region (7.3)

Agro-Climatic Region (PlanningCommission)

East Coast plain and hill region (XI)

Agro Climatic Zone (NARP) Krishna Godavari Zone (AP-1)

List all the districts or part thereoffalling under the NARP Zone

Krishna, Guntur, West Godavari, major parts of East Godavari and parts of Prakasam

Geographic coordinates of district Latitude Longitude Altitude

16015’0”- 17030’0”N 80055’0”- 81055’0”E

Name and address of the concernedZRS/ ZARS/ RARS/

Regional Agricultural Research Station, Guntur -522 034

Mention the KVK located in thedistrict

Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Opp. To F.C.I., Godawons, Undi-543199, West Godavari dt.

1.2 Rainfall NormalRF(mm)

Normal Rainydays (no)

Normal Onset( specify week and month)

Normal Cessation(specify week and month)

SW monsoon (June-Sep): 7841st week of June 2nd week of October

NE Monsoon(Oct-Dec): 2463rd week of October 4th week of December

Winter (Jan- Feb) 18 - -

Summer (Mar-May) 105 - -

Annual 1153 - -

2

1.3 Land usepattern of thedistrict

GeographicalArea

Forestarea

Land undernon-agriculturaluse

Permanentpastures

Cultivablewasteland

Land underMisc. treecrops andgroves

Barren anduncultivableland

Currentfallows

Otherfallows

Area in ‘000hectares

774.2 81.2 142.5 13.8 20.2 8.0 41.1 24.1 1.7

Alternative Soil Classification given by Dept of Agrl.

1. 4 Major Soils (common names likeshallow red soils etc.,)

Area (‘000 ha) Percent (%) of total

1 Alluvial 255.5 33

2 Sandy alluvial 232.3 30

3 Deltaic alluvial 185.8 24

4 Coastal sandy loams 54.2 7

5 Heavy clays 38.7 5

6 Saline soils 7.7 1

1.5 Agricultural land use Area (’000 ha) Cropping intensity %

Net sown area 432.3 161.9 %

Area sown more than once 267.4

Gross cropped area 699.8

3

1.6 Irrigation Area (ha) give in ‘000 ha

Net irrigated area 364.5

Gross irrigated area 613.4

Rainfed area 67.8

Sources of Irrigation Number Area (ha) ‘000 ha Percentage of total irrigated area

Canals 188.5 50.2

Tanks 22.7 6.1

Open wells/ Bore wells 155.9 41.5

Lift irrigation schemes

Micro-irrigation

Other sources 8.3 2.2

Total Irrigated Area 375.5 100.0

Pump sets

No. of Tractors

Groundwater availability and use* (Datasource: State/Central Ground waterDepartment /Board)

No. of blocks/ Tehsils (%) area

Over exploited

Critical

Semi- critical

Safe

Wastewater availability and use

Ground water quality Water quality data is available, very important, pl fill it

*over-exploited: ground water utilization > 100%; critical: 90-100%; semi-critical: 70-90%; safe: <70%

4

Area under major field crops & horticulture etc. (2009-10)

1.7 Major Field Crops cultivated Area (‘000 ha)(restrict to one decimal

Kharif Rabi Summer TotalIrrigated Rainfed Irrigated Rainfed

1 Paddy 212.9 - 115.7 -328.6

2 Maize 2.2 0.0 44.7 0.7 47.73 Blackgram - 4.6 5.4 19.8 29.94 Tobacco(VFC) - - 24.7 0.3 25.05 Sugarcane 20.3 - - - 20.36 Groundnut 1.3 4.8 6.27 Sunflower - - 4.1 4.18 Tobacco(Natu) - - 4.1 - 4.19 Green gram - 0.4 1.9 2.410 Sesamum 4 - 1.3 0.7 2.111 Chilli - - 1.9 - 1.912 Redgram 1.213 Cotton - 0.7 - - 0.7

Horticulture crops - Fruits Total area

1 Cashew 40.42 Mango 17.53 Banana 13.14 Lemon 2.5

Horticultural crops - Vegetables Total area1 Chilies 3.62 Brinjal 1.1

Spices and Plantation Crops Total area1 Oil palm 28.12 Coconut 23.0

5

1.8 Livestock Male (‘000) Female (‘000) Total (‘000)

Non descriptive Cattle (local low yielding) 61.7 94.9 156.6

Crossbred cattle 7.3 38.7 46.0

Non descriptive Buffaloes (local low yielding) 90.0 600.7 690.7

Graded Buffaloes

Goat 178.0

Sheep 326.9

Others (Camel, Pig, Yak etc.) 14.1

Commercial dairy farms (Number)

1.9 Poultry No. of farms Total No. of birds (number)

Commercial 7577388

Backyard 1568057

1.10 Fisheries (Data source: Chief Planning Officer)

A. Capture

i) Marine (Data Source:Fisheries Department)

No. of fishermen Boats Nets Storage facilities(Ice plants etc.)

Mechanized Non-mechanized

Mechanized(Trawl nets,

Gill nets)

Non-mechanized(Shore Seines,

Stake & trap nets)

805 0 30 / 109 0 / 22479 7 / 0 63 / 19

ii) Inland (Data Source:Fisheries Department)

No. Farmer owned ponds No. of Reservoirs No. of village tanks

12786 1 42

B. Culture

Water Spread Area (ha) Yield (t/ha) Production (‘000 tons)i) Brackish water (Data Source:MPEDA/ Fisheries Department)

2850 - 1.6

ii) Fresh water (Data Source: FisheriesDepartment)

31020 - 6.8

6

Others - 302.0

1.11 Production andProductivity ofmajor crops(Average of last5 years:2004,05,06, 07,08)

Kharif Rabi Summer Total Cropresidue as

fodder(‘000 tons)

Production('000 t)

Productivity(kg/ha)

Production('000 t)

Productivity(kg/ha)

Production('000 t)

Productivity(kg/ha)

Production('000 t)

Productivity(kg/ha)

Major Field crops1. Paddy 721 2882 841 4460 - - 1562 3561 1800

2. Blackgram 1 431 5 593 - - 6 572

3. Green gram 0 4 499 4 499

4. Maize 12 4515 215 6596 - - 226 6596

5. Sugarcane 1458 85453 1458 854536. Ground nut 2 1089 11 2848 - - 13 23567. Chillies 1 1841 5 1732 6 18048. Tobacco(Natu) 18249. Tobacco(VFC) 42 1577 42 1577

Major Horticultural crops (Crops to be identified based on total acreage)

Horticulture crops - Fruits1 Cashew 25.358 6272 Mango 145.236 82673 Banana 394.703 300004 Lemon 38.035 14667

Horticultural crops - Vegetables1 Chilies 10.090 27502 Brinjal 22.249 18667

Spices and Plantation crops1 Oil palm 135.535 4667

7

2 Coconut

1.12 Sowing window for 5 majorfield crops(start and end of normalsowing period)

Paddy Greengram Redgram Blackgram Maize

Kharif- Rainfed - June 1st fortnight –July 2nd fortnight

June 1st fortnight – July2nd fortnight

June 1st fortnight –July 2nd fortnight

-

Kharif-Irrigated June 1st fortnight – July 2nd

fortnight- - - June 1st fortnight –

July 2nd fortnightRabi- Rainfed - October 2nd fortnight –

November 1st fortnightSeptember 1st fortnight

– October 1st fortnightOctober 2nd

fortnight –November 1st

fortnight

Rabi-Irrigated December 2nd fortnight –January 1st fortnight

November 2nd

fortnight – December1st fortnight

October 2nd fortnight –November 1st fortnight

November 2nd

fortnight –December 1st

fortnight

November 2nd

fortnight –December 1st

fortnight

1.13 What is the major contingency thedistrict is prone to? (Tick mark andmention years if known during the last 10year period)

Regular Occasional None

Drought √

Flood√

Cyclone√

Hail storm

Heat wave

8

Cold wave

Frost

Sea water intrusion

Pests and diseases (specify)Rice: Blast, BLB,BPHBlack gram : YMV

Others (Fog)√

1.14 Include Digital maps ofthe district for

Location map of district within State as Annexure I Enclosed: Yes / No

Mean annual rainfall as Annexure 2 Enclosed: Yes / No

Soil map as Annexure 3 Enclosed: Yes / No

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2.0 Strategies for weather related contingencies

2.1 Drought

2.1.1 Rainfed situation

Condition Suggested Contingency measuresEarly seasondrought (delayedonset)

Major Farmingsituationa

Normal Crop/croppingsystemb

Change in crop/croppingsystemc

Agronomic measuresd Remarks onImplementatione

Delay by 2 weeks(June 3rd week)

Red sandy soils -Rainfed

Blackgram / Greengram /Redgram

No change - -






Delay by 4 weeks(July 1st week)



No change - -






Delay by 6 weeks(July 3rd week)



No change -






Delay by 8 weeks(August 1st week)



Only Black gram / Green gramchange ICPL-84031,PRG-100

-

13

Condition Suggested Contingency measuresEarly seasondrought (Normalonset)



Crop managementc Soil nutrient &moisture conservationmeasuresd

Remarks onImplementatione

Normal onsetfollowed by 15-20days dry spellafter sowingleading to poorgermination/cropstand etc.


Blackgram/Greengram -

Redgram (sole crop)/ Redgram+ Greengram (1:5)

Spray 2 % urea solution or 1% water soluble fertilizers like19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21

Inter cultivateperiodically (7-10 daysinterval) to conservesoil moisture

14

Condition Suggested Contingency measuresMid seasondrought (long dryspell, consecutive 2weeks rainless(>2.5 mm) period)



Crop managementc Soil nutrient &moisture conservationmeasuress


At vegetative stage Red sandy soils -Rainfed

Blackgram / Greengram Spray urea - 2 % or KNO3 1%or other water solublefertilizers like 19-19-19,20-20-20-20,21-21-21@ 1 % tosupplement nutrition

Intercultivation toconserve moisture

-

Redgram (sole crop) -Do- -

Redgram + Greengram / Bajra -Do- -

Condition Suggested Contingency measuresMid seasondrought (long dryspell)



Crop managementc Soil nutrient &moisture conservationmeasuresd


At reproductivestage


Blackgram / Greengram Spray urea - 2 % or KNO3 1%or other water solublefertilizers like 19-19-19,20-20-20-20,21-21-21@ 1 % tosupplement nutrition

Intercultivation toconserve moisture

Redgram (sole crop) -Do- -

Redgram + Greengram / Bajra -Do- -

Condition Suggested Contingency measuresTerminal drought Major Farming

situationaNormal Crop/croppingsystemb

Crop managementc Rabi Cropplanningd



Redgram (sole crop)/ Redgram+ Greengram (1:5)

Spray 2% urea or KNO3 1% or otherwater soluble fertilizers 1 % tosupplement nutrition

- -

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2.1.2 Irrigated situation

Condition Suggested contingency measures

Delayed releaseof water in canalsdue to lowrainfall

Major farmingsituation f

Normal crop;/croppingsystem g

Change incrop/croppingsystem h

Agronomic measures i Remarks onimplementation j

Godavari Delta

Tail end Areas

Paddy – Paddy -blackgram/greengram

Paddy-Paddy-greengram

Over aged seedlings can betransplanted up to August

Adopt closer spacing byplanting 4-6 plants/hill

Apply entire P and K and twothird N as basal and remainingone third N as basal

If nurseries are dried up, directsown paddy can be taken up tillAugust with short durationvarieties

If rabi rice harvesting isdelayed, avoid blackgram inrice fallows. Instead,greengram or green manurecrops can be taken up

--

Godavari Delta

Tail End Areas

Saline / Alkalinesoils

Sugarcane - Paddy No change Short or medium durationvarieties of sugarcane need tobe taken up

Adopt recommended plantprotection practices for controlof shoot borer

Adopt crop rotation with pulsecrop

16

Condition Suggested Contingency measuresMajorFarmingsituationf

NormalCrop/croppingsystemg

Change incrop/croppingsystemh

Agronomic measuresi Remarks on Implementationj

Limitedrelease ofwater incanals due tolow rainfall

AlluvialSoils– Canalirrigated

Green manure – Rice– Blackgram/Maize

Geen manure – Rice– Blackgram/Greengram/Jowar/Bajra

Rice –1. Adopt alternate wetting and dryingupto Primordial Initiation stage to save water2. Irrigate upto a depth of 3 – 5 cm fromPrimordial Initiation to maturity3. Take up effective weed control measureseither mechanically or through herbicides asthe problem of weeds is more under alternatewetting and drying method of irrigationRice fallows1. Crops like Greengram, Blackgram, Jowar,Bajra etc. which require less water than Maizeshall be grown2. Short duration varieties of crops shall beselected.3. In crops like Bajra, Jowar water conservationpractices like inter cultivation, earthing up,Alternate row irrigation shall be practiced4. Water loss during conveyance can bereduced by using PVC/Metallic pipes instead ofrunning water in open field channels

Rice fallows –1. Availability of seed of shortduration varieties shall beensured

Red sandysoils – Canalirrigated

Greengram – Rice –Blackgram/Greengram/Maize/Fodder

1. Green manure –Rice –Greengram/Blackgram/Jowar/Bajra/Fodder

For rice and rice fallow crops the agronomicmeasures as suggested for the above farmingsituation shall be followed

As above

2. Redgram +Greengram/Bajra/Jowar

Proper drainage facilities should be created totake up cropping systems as suggested



Change incrop/cropping systemh


Non releaseof water incanals under

AlluvialSoilsirrigated

Green manure – Rice –Blackgram/Maize

Green manure –Blackgram –Maize/Blackgram/Groun

Green manure crops followed by ID cropslike maize, greengram, groundnut andsafflower

1. Varieties of ID crops like maize,blackgram, groundnut, under NSFMmay be made available.

17



Change incrop/cropping systemh


delayedonset ofmonsoon incatchment

d nut/SunflowerBlacksoils/Redsoils –Canalirrigation

Greengram / Greenmanure – Rice –Blackgram / Greengram/ Jowar / Fodder

Greengram / Greenmanure –Blackgram /Sunflower / Bengal gram– Blackgram /Greengram / Maize /Fodder crop

Green manure /Greengram – Cotton

Green manure /Greengram – Redgram

Sowing of ID crops can be taken fromSeptember second fortnight onwardsMaize, Blackgram, Sunflower can begrown from December to February/Marchwith two to three irrigations after theharvest of early Rabi crops

-do-

Condition Suggested Contingency measuresMajor Farmingsituationf

Normal Crop/croppingsystemg

Change in crop/croppingsystemh

Agronomic measuresi Remarks onImplementationj

Lack of inflowsinto tanks due toinsufficient/delayed onset ofmonsoon

Alluvial Soilsirrigated

Green manure – Rice –Blackgram/Maize

Green manure – Blackgram –Maize/Blackgram/Groundnut/Sun

1. Green manure cropsfollowed by ID cropslike maize, greengram,groundnut and safflower

1. Varieties of IDcrops like maize,blackgram,groundnut, underNSFM may bemade available.

Insufficientgroundwaterrecharge due tolow rainfall

Black soils/Redsoils – Canalirrigation

Greengram / Green manure –Rice – Blackgram / Greengram/ Jowar / Fodder

1.Greengram / Green manure –Blackgram / Sunflower /Bengal gram – Blackgram /Greengram / Maize / Fodder2. Green manure / Greengram– Cotton3. Green manure / Greengram– Redgram

1. Sowing of ID cropscan be taken fromSeptember secondfortnight onwards2. Maize, Blackgram,Sunflower can be grownfrom December toFebruary/March withtwo to three irrigationsafter the harvest of earlyRabi crops

-do-

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2.2 Unusual rains (untimely, unseasonal etc) (for both rainfed and irrigated situations)

Condition - Continuous high rainfall in a short span leading to water logging

Crop Suggested contingency measure

Vegetative stagek Flowering stagel Crop maturity stagem Post harvestn

1.Rice 1. Drain the excess water asearly as possible2. Apply 20 kg N + 10 kg K /acreafter draining excess water3. Take up gap filling either withavailable nursery or by splitting thetillers from the surviving hills4. Take up proper weed controlMeasures5. Take up suitable plant protectionMeasures in anticipation of pest &disease out breaks

1. Drain the excess water asearly as possible2. Apply 20 kg N + 10 kg K /acreafter draining excess water3. Take up suitable plant protectionMeasures in anticipation of pest &disease out breaks

1. Drain the excess water asearly as possible2. Take up suitable plantprotection measures inanticipation of pest &disease out breaks

1. Drain out water andspread sheaves loosely infield or field bunds wherethere is no water stagnation2. Spray common salt at3% on panicles to preventgermination and spoilageof straw from moulds3. Thresh after drying thesheaves properly4. Ensure proper grainmoisture before storing

2. Blackgram 1. Drain the excess water asearly as possible2. Apply 4-5 kg N /acreafter draining excess water3. To spray KNO3 1 % or watersoluble fertilizers like 19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21 at 1% to supportnutrition4. Spray fungicides like Copper oxychloride 0.3 % or Carbendazim 0.1% or Mancozeb 0.25% two to threetimes by rotating the chemicals5. Take up timely control measuresagainst the out break of pests likeSpodoptera etc.

same as previous column 1. Drain the excess water asearly as possible2. Allow the crop to drycompletely before harvesting

1. Spread the bundlesdrenched in rain on fieldbunds or drying floors toquicken the drying2. Thresh the bundles afterthey are dried properly3. Dry the grain to propermoisture per cent beforebagging and storing toprevent deterioration inquality during storage

3. Maize 1. Drain the excess water as same as above 1. Drain the excess water as 1. Harvest the cobs after

19

early as possible2. Apply 20 kg N + 10 kg K /acreafter draining excess water3. Take up inter cultivation and atoptimum soil moisture condition toloosen and aerate the soil and tocontrol weeds4. Earthenup the crop for anchorage5. To spray KNO3 1 % or watersoluble fertilizers like 19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21 at 1% to supportnutrition6. Take up timely control measuresfor Pink stem borer, sheath blightand Turcicum leaf blight

early as possible2. Allow the crop to drycompletely before harvesting

the they are dried upproperly. Dry the grain tooptimum moisturecondition before storing

4.Sugarcane 1. Drain the excess water as

early as possible

2. Apply 50 urea+ 50 kg MOP/acre

after draining excess water

3. Take up inter cultivation atoptimum soil moisture condition toloosen and aerate the soil and tocontrol weeds

4. Adopt timely plant protectionmeasures.

Grand Growth stage

1. Drain the excess water as

early as possible

2.Apply 50 urea+ 50 kg MOP/acre

after draining excess water

3. Take up timely control measuresagainst the out break of pests.

Formative Phase

1. Drain the excess water as

early as possible

2. Apply 50kg MOP/ acre in earlyseason varieties and 50kg urea+50 kg MOP in mid season andlate season varieties

3. Take up timely plant protectionmeasures

Maturity stage

Harvest the cane atappropriate time

Condition - Heavy rainfall with high speed winds in a short span2

1. Rice 1. Drain out the excess water fromthe field as early as possible2. Apply 20 kg N + 10 kg K /acreafter draining excess water3. Take up gap filling either withavailable nursery or by splitting the

Same as previous column. 1. Drain out the excess water fromthe field as early as possible2. Lift the lodged hills tie themtogether to keep them erect3. Harvest the crop as soon as thefield condition permits4. Takeup timely plant protection

1. Drain out the excesswater from the field asearly as possible2. Dry the sheaves onelevated areas like fieldbunds and drying floorsand dry the grain to

20

tillers from the surviving hills4. Takeup timely plant protectionmeasures for pest and diseaseincidences

measures for pest and diseaseincidences

optimum moisture contentto store the grain

2. Maize 1. Drain out the excess water fromthe field as early as possible2. Take up inter cultivation and atoptimum soil moisture condition toloosen and aerate the soil and tocontrol weeds3. Earthenup the crop for anchorage4. Apply 20 kg N + 10 kg K /acreafter draining excess water5. To spray KNO3 1 % or watersoluble fertilizers like 19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21 at 1% to supportnutrition6. Take up timely plant protectionmeasures for possible pest anddisease out breaks

Same as previous column. 1. Drain out the excess waterfrom the field as early as possible2. Allow the crop to drycompletely before harvesting

1. Harvest the cobs afterthe they are dried upproperly. Dry the grain tooptimum moisturecondition before storing

3. Blackgram 1. Drain out the excess water fromthe field as early as possible2. Apply 4-5 kg N /acreafter draining excess water3. Spray KNO3 1 % or water solublefertilizers like 19-19-19, 20-20-20,21-21-21 at 1% to support nutrition4. Take up proper weed controlmeasures5. Takeup timely plant protectionmeasures for possible pest anddisease out breaks

1. Drain out the excess water fromthe field as early as possible2. Apply 4-5 kg N /acreafter draining excess water3.Spray KNO3 1 % or water solublefertilizers like 19-19-19, 20-20-20,21-21-21 at 1% to support nutrition4. Takeup timely plant protectionmeasures for possible pest anddisease out breaks

1. Drain out the excess water fromthe field as early as possible2. Harvest the crop as soon as thefield condition permits

1. Dry the produce undersun before sending tomarket

4.Sugarcane 1. Drain out the excess water fromthe field as early as possible

2. Lift the fallen plants if any andfirm up the soil around the base ofthe stem

1. Drain out the excess water fromthe field as early as possible

2. Lift the fallen plants if any

3.Earthing up and propping by trashtwisting is to be taken up to provide

1. Drain out the excess water fromthe field as early as possible

2.Apply booster dose of 50kg.urea + 50kg MOP per acre inlate and mid season varieties and

Harvest the cane atappropriate time

21

3Apply booster dose of 50 kg urea +50kg MOP per acre after drainingexcess water

anchorage to plants

4. Apply booster dose of 50 kg urea+ 50kg MOP per acre after drainingexcess water

5. Take up timely pest controlmeasures for internode borer andwilt

50 kg MOP/acre in early varietiesafter draining excess water

3. Harvest the crop as soon as thefield condition permits andtransport to drying floor

Condition - Outbreak of pests and diseases due to unseasonal rains

1. Rice Stem rot and Sheath blight - needbased plant protection measures tobe initiated based on incidencelevels

BPH, Blast, Sheath blight incidencemay increase due to unseasonalrains - need based plant protectionmeasures to be initiated

Climbing cutworm and neck blast -

2. Blackgram Spodoptera - Need based plantprotection measures to be initiated

same as previous column same as previous column Dry the grain to optimumseed moisture content (8%) to avoid damage instorage

3. Maize - Jassids, Wilt and Stalk rot Post flowering Stalk rots mayaggravate if unseasonal rainsoccurs

same as above

4. Sugarcane ESB, root grub and mealy bug –Need based plant protectionmeasures to be initiated

Internode borer, mealy bug and rootgrub – Need based plant protectionmeasures to be initiated

Top shoot borer, scale and smut-need based plant protectionmeasures to be initiated

-

Horticultural crops- fruits

Cashew Control pest diseases in anholistic approach with properplant protection chemicals

Adoption of IPM and IDMpractices

Control pest diseases in anholistic approach with properplant protection chemicals




Control pest diseasesin an holistic approachwith proper plantprotection chemicals

Adoption of IPM andIDM practices

Mango -do- -do- -do- -do-Banana Need based plant protection

measures to be doneimmediately

Need based plant protectionmeasures to be doneimmediately

Need based plant protectionmeasures to be doneimmediately

Need based plantprotection measures tobe done immediately

Lemon Control pest diseases in anholistic approach with properplant protection chemicals



Control pest diseasesin an holistic approachwith proper plant

22




protection chemicals Adoption of IPM and

IDM practices

Horticultural crops - Vegetables

Chillies Control pest diseases in anholistic approach with properplant protection chemicals






Control pest diseases inan holistic approachwith proper plantprotection chemicals

Adoption of IPM andIDM practices

Brinjal -do- -do- -do- -do-Spices &PlantationcropsOil palm &Coconut







Drain the excess wateras soon as possible.

Harvest the matureproduce as soon aspossible.

Store the produce inwell-ventilated placetemporarily in gunnybags treated with safefungicides andinsecticides before itcan be marketed.

Market the produce assoon as possible andadopt the IPM andIDM practices toprevent further spreadof pest and diseases onthe standing crop

2.3 Floods

Condition Transient water logging/ partial inundation1

Suggested contingency measureo

23

Seedling / nursery stage Vegetative stage Reproductive stage At harvest

1. Rice 1. Drain out the excess waterat the earliest2. Apply booster dose of 0.2kg N/40 sq. m3. Spray micronutrients likeZn, Fe two to three times at 4-5 days interval4. Takeup proper weed controlmeasures

1. Drain out the excess waterat the earliest2. Take up gap filling eitherwith available nursery or bysplitting the tillers from thesurviving hills3.Apply a booster dose of 20kg N/acre4. Spray ZnSO4 0.2 % if it isless than 45 days aftertransplanting5. Takeup need based plantprotection measures

1. Drain out the excesswater at the earliest2. Takeup need basedplant protectionmeasures

1. Drain out water .Spreadsheaves loosely in field orfield bunds where there isno water stagnation2. Spray common salt at 3%on panicles to preventgermination and spoilage ofstraw from moulds3. Thresh after drying thesheaves properly4. Ensure proper grainmoisture before storing

2. Blackgram 1. Drain out the excess waterat the earliest2. Takeup the gap filling at theearliest3. Takeup weed control eithermechanically or throughweedicides4. Apply 4-5 kg N/acre afterdraining excess water5. Take up plant protectionmeasures against possiblepests and disease incidence

1. Drain out the excess waterat the earliest2. Takeup weed control eithermechanically or throughweedicides3. Apply 4-5 kg N/acre afterdraining excess water4. Spray KNO3 1 % or watersoluble fertilizers like 19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21 at 1%to support nutrition5. Take up plant protectionmeasures against possiblepests and disease incidence

1. Drain out the excesswater at the earliest2. Apply 4-5 kg N/acreafter draining excesswater3. Spray KNO3 1 % orwater soluble fertilizerslike 19-19-19, 20-20-20,21-21-21 at 1% tosupport nutrition4. Take up plantprotection measuresagainst possible pestsand disease incidence

1. Drain out the excesswater at the earliest2. Harvest the crop after thefields are dried up

24

3. Maize 1. Drain out the excess waterat the earliest2. Takeup weed control eithermechanically or throughweedicides3. Intercultivation andearthing up to be done4. Apply 20 kg N + 10 kg K/acre after draining excesswater5. Take up plant protectionmeasures against possiblepests and disease incidence

1.Drain out the excess water atthe earliest2. Takeup weed control eithermechanically or throughweedicides3. Intercultivation and earthingup to be done4. Apply 20 kg N + 10 kg K/acre after draining excesswater5. Take up plant protectionmeasures against possiblepests and disease incidence

1. Drain out the excesswater at the earliest2. Take up plantprotection measuresagainst possible pestsand disease incidence

1. To drain out the excesswater at the earliest2. Cob picking to be doneafter they are dried fully

4.Sugarcane 1. Drain out the excess waterat the earliest

2. Inter cultivate at optimumfield moisture condition

3. Apply 50 kg urea + 50kgMOP/acre after drainingexcess water

Grand growth stage

Same as previous column+Earthing up and propping bytrash twisting is to be taken upto provide anchorage to plants.

Formative stage

1.Same as previouscolumn+50 kg MOP/acre in early varietiesafter draining excesswater

2.Take up plantprotection measuresagainst possible pestsand disease incidence

Maturity stage

1.Drain out the excess waterat the earliest

2. Harvest the crop when thefield condition permits

Condition - Continuous submergence for more than 2 days2

Suggested contingency measureo

1. Rice 1. Top dressing with 0.2 kgN/40 sq.m immediately afterrecede of flood water2. Spray of ZnSO4, FeSO4 tocorrect micronutrientdeficiencies3. Weed control throughmechanical or Chemical

1. Drain out the excess waterat the earliest2. Take up gap filling eitherwith available nursery or bysplitting the tillers from thesurviving hills if the gaps are <30% if more go for replanting3. Apply 20 kg N + 10 kg K

Same as above. 1. Drain out water spreadsheaves loosely in field orfield bunds where there isno water stagnation2. Spray common salt at 5%on panicles to preventgermination and spoilage ofstraw from moulds

25

measures /acre after draining excesswater4. Proper weed controlmeasures to be taken up4. Timely plant protectionmeasures for pest and diseaseout break

3. Thresh after drying thesheaves properly4. Ensure proper grainmoisture before storing

2. Blackgram 1. Drain out the excess waterat the earliest2. Takeup gap filling if thegaps are < 30 % and if moretake up resowing3. Apply 4-5 kg N /acre afterdraining excess water

1. Drain out the excess waterat the earliest2. Apply 4-5 kg N /acre afterdraining excess water3. To spray KNO3 1 % orwater soluble fertilizers like19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21at 1% to support nutrition4. Proper weed controlmeasures to be taken up5. Need based plant protectionmeasures to be taken up

same as in previouscolumn

1. Drain out the excesswater at the earliest2. Dry the bundles on fieldbunds and drying floors3. Dry the grain to optimummoisture content beforestorage

3. Maize same as above same as above 1. Drain out the excesswater at the earliest2. 2. Apply 20 kg N + 10kg K /acre after drainingexcess water3. To spray KNO3 @1 %or water solublefertilizers like 19-19-19,20-20-20, 21-21-21 @1% to support nutrition4. Need based plantprotection measures to betaken up

1. Drain out the excesswater at the earliest2. Pick the cobs and drythem properly beforethreshing3. Dry the grain to optimummoisture content beforestorage or marketing

4. Sugarcane 1.Drain out excess water atthe earliest


1. Take up inter cultivation tosmother the weeds and toaerate the soil

2.Earthing up is to be taken upto provide anchorage to plants

1. Drain out excess waterform the field

2.Earthing up is to betaken up to provideanchorage to plants

1. Drain out excess water asearly as possible

2. Harvest the crop atappropriate time

26

3. Adopt proper plantprotection measures


3. Apply 50 kg urea +50kg MOP/acre in lateand mid season varietiesand 50 kg MOP per acrein early season varietiesafter draining excesswater

Need based plantprotection measures to betaken up


Cashew Drain the excess water assoon as possible

Spray 1% KNO3 or Urea2% solution 2-3 times.

Drain the excess water assoon as possible


Drain the excesswater as soon aspossible

Spray 1% KNO3 orUrea 2% solution 2-3times.



Store the produce inwell-ventilated placetemporarily before it canbe marketed.

Market the produce assoon as possible.

Mango Drain the excess water assoon as possible





Spray 1% KNO3 orUrea 2% solution 2-3 times.


Harvest the maturefruits as soon aspossible.

Store the fruits in well-ventilated placetemporarily before itcan be marketed.

Market the fruits assoon as possible.

Banana . Drain the excess water assoon as possible



Spray 1% KNO3 or


Harvest the maturebunches as soon as

27

Topdressing of boosterdose of 80 g MOP + 100g Urea per plant in two tothree splits at monthlyintervals.

If the age the plant ismore than three monthsand less than sevenmonths allow one swordsucker for ratoon and takeup fertilization at monthlyintervals for four months.

Urea 2% solution 2-3times.

Stake the plants withbamboos to preventfurther lodging.

possible. Use ripening chambers

for quick and uniformripening

Store the harvestedbunches in well-ventilated placetemporarily before it canbe marketed.

Market the fruits as soonas possible.

Lemon Drain the excess water assoon as possible.


Plant protection measuresmay be taken for controlof insect vectors anddiseases.

Drain the excess water assoon as possible.


Foliar spray ofmicronutrient mixture isalso to be taken up.

Sand casting around thetree trunks should beremoved up to the collarregion of the tree toprevent fungal infections.

If the tree age is aboveeight years a booster doseof 500 g of Urea and 750 gMOP per tree should beapplied.


Spray 1% KNO3 orUrea 2% solution2-3 times.



Store the produce inwell-ventilated placetemporarily before itcan be marketed.



Chillies Drain the excess wateras soon as possible


Spray Urea 2% solution2-3 times.

Topdressing of boosterdose of 15 kg MOP + 30kg Urea per acre as soonas possible.

Gap filling may be takenup if the plants are two


Spray Urea 2%solution 2-3 times.

Topdressing ofbooster dose of 15 kgMOP + 30 kg Ureaper acre as soon aspossible.


Dry the pods onconcrete floor/tarpaulins.

Spray any drying oilafter the pods are freefrom surface moisturefor quick drying.

Use poly house solar

28

weeks old and sowingwindow is still availablefor the crop.

driers for quick drying Market the produce as

soon as possible.

Brinjal Drain the excess water assoon as possible


Spray Urea 2% solution 2-3 times.

Topdressing of boosterdose of 10 kg MOP+ 30 kgUrea per acre as soon aspossible.


Spray Urea 2%solution once.



Store the produce inwell-ventilated placetemporarily before itcan be marketed.


Spices & Plantation crops

Oil palm and Coconut Planting should be doneon mounts or bunds

Drainage system, suited tolocal conditions. may beprovided to removesurplus water from rootzone

Relief drains [shallow]channels are opened atplaces where wateraccumulates andconnected with main drainto remove water from thesurface


Apply booster dose of NPKfertilizers


Apply booster doseof NPK fertilizers

Harvest the mature nutsas soon as possible.


29

2.4 Extreme events: Heat wave / Cold wave/Frost/ Hailstorm /Cyclone

Extreme event type Suggested contingency measurer

Seedling / nursery stage Vegetative stage Reproductive stage At harvest

Cyclone

1. Rice 1. To drain out the excess waterat the earliest2. Apply booster dose of 0.2 kgN/40 sq. m3. Spray micronutrients like Zn,Fe 2-3 times at 4 -5 daysinterval4. Takeup proper weed controlmeasures

same as in previous column 1. To drain out theexcess waterat the earliest2. Takeup need basedplant protectionmeasures3. Lodged plants to belifted and tied together tomake them stand erect

1. Drain out waterspread sheavesloosely in field orfield bunds wherethere is no waterstagnation2. Spray common saltat 3% to preventgermination of seedand spoilage of strawfrom moulds3. Thresh after dryingthe sheaves properly4. Ensure proper grainmoisture beforestoring

2. Black gram 1. To drain out the excesswater at the earliest2. Takeup weed control eithermechanically or throughweedicides3. Apply 4-5 kg N/acre afterdraining excess water

1. To drain out the excess waterat the earliest2. Takeup weed control eithermechanically or throughweedicides3. Apply 4-5 kg N/acre afterdraining excess water4. To spray KNO3 @1 % orwater soluble fertilizers like 19-19-19, 20-20-20, 21-21-21 @1% to support nutrition5. Take up plant protectionmeasures against possible pestsand disease incidence

1. Drain out theexcess water at theearliest2. Harvest the cropafter the fields aredried up

3. Maize 1. To drain out the excesswater at the earliest

1. To drain out the excess waterat the earliest

1. To drain out theexcess water at the

1. To drain out theexcess water at the

30

2. Intercultivation and earthingup to be done3. Apply 20 kg N + 10 kg K/acre after draining excesswater4. Take up plant protectionmeasures against possible pestsand disease incidence

2. Takeup weed control eithermechanically or throughweedicides3. Intercultivation and earthingup to be done4. Apply 20 kg N + 10 kg K/acre after draining excess water5. Take up plant protectionmeasures against possible pestsand disease incidence

earliest2. Take up plantprotection measuresagainst possible pestsand disease incidence

earliest2. Cob picking to bedone after they aredried fully

4. Sugarcane 1Drain out the excess water atthe earliest


3. Apply 50 kg urea + 50kgMOP/acre after draining excesswater

1.Drain out the excess water atthe earliest


3. Earthing up and propping bytrash twisting is to be taken upto provide anchorage to plants

4. Apply 50 kg urea + 50kgMOP/acre after draining excesswater

5. Take up plant protectionmeasures against possible pestsand disease incidence

1. Drain out the excesswater at the earliest

2. Earthing up andpropping by trashtwisting is to be taken upto provide anchorage toplants

3.Apply 50 kg urea +50kg MOP/acre in lateand mid season varietiesand 50kg MOP /acre inearly varieties afterdraining excess water

4. Take up plantprotection measuresagainst possible pestsand disease incidence

1. Drain out theexcess water at theearliest

2. Harvest the cropwhen the fieldcondition permits


Cashew Drain the excess water assoon as possible



Tress fallen on ground maybe lifted and earthed up

Broken and damagedbranches may be pruned and


Tress fallen onground may be liftedand earthed up

Drain the excesswater as soon aspossible.

Harvest themature produce assoon as possible.

31

applied with Bordeaux paste

Broken and damaged

branches may bepruned and appliedwith Bordeaux paste

Store the producein well ventilatedplace temporarilybefore it can bemarketed.

Market theproduce as soon aspossible.

Mango If the damage is severe, go

for resowing

Trees fallen on ground maybe lifted and earthed up

Manuring and plantprotection measures have tobe taken up.

Broken and damagedbranches may be pruned andapplied with Bordeaux paste


Manuring and plantprotection measureshave to be taken up.

Broken and damagedbranches may bepruned and appliedwith Bordeaux paste



Collect the fallenfruits and sellimmediately or gofor preparation ofprocessedproducts.

If to store, storethe produce inwell-ventilatedplace temporarilybefore it can bemarketed.

Broken anddamaged branchesmay be prunedand applied withBordeaux paste

Banana Wind damaged plants shouldbe pruned using disinfectedsecaetures and cut ends mustbe smeared with Bordeauxpaste


The fallen tress may be cut

Wind damaged plantsshould be prunedusing disinfectedsecaetures and cutends must besmeared withBordeaux paste

Drain the excess

Wind damagedplants should bepruned usingdisinfectedsecaetures and cutends must besmeared withBordeaux paste

32

leaving two suckers Inter-cultivate the soil with

gorru for aeration. Spray 0.5 % KNO3 or Urea

2% solution 2-3 times. Topdressing of booster dose

of 80 g MOP + 100 g Ureaper plant at two to threetimes intervals.

Gap filling may be taken upif the plants are two weeksold and sowing window isstill available for the crop.

If the age of the plant is lessthan three months andsubmergence up to three feetbetter to replant the garden.

water as soon aspossible

The fallen tress maybe cut leaving twosuckers

Topdressing ofbooster dose of 80 gMOP + 100 g Ureaper plant at two tothree times intervals

Mature bunches onthe completelydamaged plants becovered with Leavesand harvested within 15-20days


Harvest themature bunchesas soon aspossible.

Use ripeningchambers forquick anduniform ripening

Store theharvestedbunches in well-ventilated placetemporarilybefore it can bemarketed.

Market theproduce as soonas possible.

3-4 foliarapplication ofKNO3onimmature/developing bunches andleaves at weeklyintervals.

Staking withbamboo forsupport

.Lemon If the damage is severe, go

for resowing. Tress fallen on ground may

be lifted and earthed up Manuring and plant

protection measures have tobe taken up.

Broken and damagedbranches may be pruned andapplied with Bordeaux paste


Manuring and plantprotection measureshave to be taken up.

Broken and damagedbranches may be



Collect the fallenfruits and sell

33

pruned and appliedwith Bordeaux paste

immediately or gofor preparation ofprocessedproducts.

If to store, storethe produce inwell-ventilatedplace temporarilybefore it can bemarketed.

Broken anddamaged branchesmay be prunedand applied withBordeaux paste


Chillies Grow nursery on raisedbeds.

Uprooted plants may belifted and earthed up


Gap filling must be doneimmediately

If damage is more go forreplanting Spray Urea 2%solution 2-3 times.


Uprooted plantsmay be lifted andearthed up



Topdressing ofbooster dose of 15kg MOP + 30 kgUrea per acre assoon as possible.


Dry the pods onconcrete floor/tarpaulinsimmediately

use poly housesolar driers forquick drying

Remove the pestand diseaseinfected pods.

.Brinjal Grow nursery on raised

beds. If damage is more go for

replanting

Uprooted plants may belifted and earthed up


Gap filling must be doneimmediately


Uprooted plantsmay be lifted andearthed up


Gap filling must bedone immediately



Harvest themature produce assoon as possible.

Store the producein well ventilatedplace temporarilybefore it can be

34

If damage is more go forreplanting

Topdressing ofbooster dose of 12kg MOP + 30 kgUrea per acre assoon as possible.

Spray COC 30 g in10 liters of water, 2-3times against leafspots.

marketed.

Market theproduce as soonas possible.

Collect the fruitsand sellimmediately or gofor preparation ofprocessedproducts.

Spices & Plantation crops

Oil palm andCoconut

Planting should be done onmounts or bunds

Drainage system suited tolocal conditions. may beprovided to remove surpluswater from root zone

Relief drains [shallow]channels are opened atplaces where wateraccumulates and connectedwith main drain to removewater from the surface


Twisted leaves may be cutand removed

Apply booster dose of NPKfertilizers

The palms have fallen withroot system still havingcontact with the soil, theyneed to be brought toposition and provided withsoil mound and support


Hanging bunchesmay be provided withsupports whereverpossible. Applybooster dose of NPKfertilizers

The palms havefallen with rootsystem still havingcontact with soil theyneed to be brought toposition and providedwith soil mound andsupport

Twisted leavesmay be cut andremoved

Hanging bunchesmay be providedwith supportswherever possible

Harvest themature nuts assoon as possible.

Market theproduce as soon aspossible.

35

2.5 Detailed Contingent strategies for Livestock, Poultry & Fisheries

2.5.1 Livestock

General contingency plans

Before the events During the event After the event

Feed and fodder availability

1.Conserving fodder/crop residues/ forest grass bysilage / hay making either by individual or oncommunity basis

2. Preparing complete diets and storing instrategic locations

3. Organize procurement of dry fodders / feedingredients from surplus areas

4. Establish fodder banks and feed banks

5. Livestock relief camps during floods/cyclonesmust be planned in the vicinity of relief campsfor people

6. Capacity building and preparedness

1.Organise relief camps 2.Supply silage /hay to farmers with productive stock onsubsidized rates

3.Segregate old, weak and unproductivestock and send for slaughter

4. Supply mineral mixture to avoiddeficiencies

5. Dry fodder must be offered to thelivestock in little quantities for number oftimes

6.Concentrate feed or complete feed mustbe offered to only productive and youngstock only

1. Capacity building to stake holders on drought /cyclone/floodmitigation in livestock sector

2. Promote fodder cultivation.

3. Flushing the stock to recoup

4. Avoid soaked and mould infected feeds / fodders to livestock

5. Replenish the feed and fodder banks

6.Promote fodder preservation techniques like silage / hay making

Drinking water

36

1.Construct drinking water tanks in herding

places, village junctions and in relief camp

locations

2.Plan for sufficient number of tanks for watertransportation

3.Identify bore wells, which can sustain demand.

4.Procure sufficient quantities of waterSanitizers

1.Regular supply of clean drinking water toall tanks 2.Cleaning the tanks in regularintervals

3.Keep the livestock away fromcontaminated flood/cyclone/stagnatedwaters

3.Add water sanitizers

1.Hand over the maintenance of the structures to panchayats

2.Sensitize the farming community about importance of cleandrinking water

Health and disease Management

1.Procure and stock emergency medicines andvaccines for important endemic diseases of thearea

2. All the stock must be immunized for endemicdiseases of the area

3. Carry out deworming to all young stock

4. Keep stock of bleaching powder and lime

5.Carry out Butax spray for control of externalparasites

6.Identify the Clinical staff and trained paravetsand indent for their services as per schedules

7.Identify the volunteers who can serve in need

of emergency

1.Keep close watch on the health of thestock

2.Sick animals must be isolated and treatedSeparately.

3. Carry out deworming and spraying to allanimals entering into relief camps

4. Clean the animal houses regularly andapply disinfectants.

5.Safe and hygienic disposal of deadanimal carcasses

6. Organize with community daily liftingof dung from relief camps

1.keep close surveillance on disease outbreak.

2.Undertake the vaccination depending on need

3.Keep the animal houses clean and spray disinfectants

37

Detail Contingent strategies for Livestock, Poultry & Fisheries

Suggested contingency measures

Before the event During the event After the event

Drought

Feed and

Fodder

availability

Establishment of silvi-pastoral system in CPRs withStylosanthus hamata and Cenchrus ciliaris as grasswith Leucaena leucocephala as tree component (orsuggest suitable similar system to your district)

Top dressing of N in 2-3 split doses @ 20-25 kg N/ha incommon property resources (CPRs) like temple lands,panchyat lands or private property resources (PPRs)like waste and degraded lands with the monsoonpattern for higher biomass production

Promote cultivation of short duration fodder crops ofsorghum/bajra/maize(UP chari, MP chari, HC-136, HD-2, GAINT BAJRA, L-74, K-677, Ananad/African Tall,Kisan composite, Moti, Manjari, B1-7 and alsosunhemp

Chopping of fodder should be made as mandatory inevery village through supply and establishment of goodquality chaff cutters.

Establishment of backed yard cultivation of para grasswith drain water from bath room/washing area

Harvesting and collection of perennial vegetationparticularly grasses which grow during monsoon

Proper drying, bailing and densification of harvestedgrass from previous season

Creation of permanent fodder, feed and fodder seedbanks in all drought prone villages

Harvest and use biomass of dried up crops (Rice,Maize, Bajra, Horse gram, Groundnut, black gram,sun hemp) material as fodder.

Harvest the tree fodder (Neem, Subabul, Acasia,Pipal etc) and unconventional feeds resourcesavailable and use as fodder for livestock (LS).

Available feed and fodder should be cut from CPRsand stall fed in order to reduce the energyrequirements of the animals

UMMB, hay, concentrates and vitamin & mineralmixture should be transported to the needy areasfrom the reserves at the district level initially andlatter stages from the near by districts. Hay shouldbe enriched with 2% Urea molasses solution or 1%common salt solution and fed to LS

Herd should be split and supplementation should begiven only to the highly productive and breedinganimals

Provision of emergency grazing/feeding (Cow-calfcamps or other special arrangements to protect highproductive & breeding stock)

Motivate the farmers to mix the dry fodder withavailable kitchen waste while feeding

Arrangements should be made for mobilization ofsmall ruminants across the villages where nodrought exits with subsidized road/rail transportationand temporary shelter provision for the shepherds

Concentrates supplementationshould be provided to all theanimals.

The farmers may be advised topractice “flushing the stock” torecoup

Short duration fodder crops ofshould be sown in unsownand crop failed areas whereno further routine crop sowingis not possible

Supply of quality seeds offodder varieties andmotivating the farmers tocultivate at least 10% of theirland holding for fodderproduction

38

Unproductive livestock should to be culled duringsevere drought

Create transportation and marketing facilities for theculled and unproductive animals

Supply silage and or hay on subsidized rates to thefarmers having high productive stock

Subsidized loans should be provided to the livestockkeepers

Cyclone Harvest all the possible wetted grain (rice/maize/bajraetc) and sugar cane tops and use as animal feed.

Motivate the farmers to store a minimum quantity of hay(25-50 kg) and concentrates (10-25 kg) per animal infarmer’s / LS keepers house/ shed for feeding theanimals during cyclone.

Stock of anti-diarrheal drugs and electrolytes should bemade available for emergency transport

Don’t allow the animals for grazing in case of earlyforewarning (EFW) of cyclone

Incase of EFW of severe cyclone, shift the animals tosafer places.

Treatment of the sick, injured and affected animalsthrough arrangement of mobile emergencyveterinary hospitals / rescue animal health workers.

Diarrhea out break may happen. Health campsshould be organized

In severe cases un-tether or let loose the animals

Arrange transportation of highly productive animalsto safer place

Spraying of fly repellants in animal sheds

Repair of animal shed

Deworm the animals through masscamps

Vaccinate against possible diseaseout breaks like HS, BQ, FMD andPPR

Proper dispose of the dead animals /carcasses by burning / deep burying(4-8 feet) with lime powder (1kg forsmall ruminants and 5kg for largeruminants) in pit

Bleach / chlorinate (0.1%) drinkingwater or water resources

Collect drowned crop material, dry itand store for future use

Sowing of short duration foddercrops in unsown and water loggedareas when crops are damaged andno chance to replant

Application of urea (20-25kg/ha) inthe inundated areas and CPR’s toenhance the bio mass production.

Floods In case of early forewarning (EFW), harvest all thecrops (Maize, Rice, Bajra, Groundnut) that can beuseful as fodder in future (store properly) and also

Transportation of animals to elevated areas

Stall feeding of animals with stored hay and

Repair of animal shed

Bring back the animals to the shed

39

sugar cane tops

Don’t allow the animals for grazing if severe floods areforewarned

Motivate the farmers to store a minimum requiredquantity of hay (25-50kg) and concentrates (25kgs) peranimals in farmer / LS keepers house / shed for feedinganimals during floods

Arrangement for transportation of animals from lowlying area to safer places and also for rescue animalhealth workers to get involve in rescue operations

concentrates

Proper hygiene and sanitation of the animal shed

In severe floods, un-tether or let loose the animals

Emergency outlet establishment for requiredmedicines or feed in each village

Spraying of fly repellants in animal sheds

Cleaning and disinfection of theshed

Bleach (0.1%) drinking water / watersources

Deworming with broad spectrumdewormers

Vaccination against possibledisease out breaks like HS, BQ,FMD and PPR

Proper disposable of the deadanimals / carcasses by burning /deep burying (4-8 feet) with limepowder (1kg for small ruminants and5kg for large ruminants) in pit

Drying the harvested crop materialand proper storage for use asfodder.

Vaccination programme for cattle and buffalo:

Disease Age and season at vaccination

Anthrax In endemic areas only, Feb to May

Haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS) May to June

Black quarter (BQ) May to June

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) July/August and November/December

Vaccination schedule in small ruminants (Sheep & Goat)

Disease Season

40

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) Preferably in winter / autumn

Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) Preferably in January

Black quarter (BQ) May / June

Enterotoxaemia (ET) May

Haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS) March / June

Sheep pox (SP) November

2.5.2 Poultry


Before the eventa During the event After the event

Drought

Shortage of feed ingredients Storing of house hold grain likemaize, broken rice, bajra etc, in touse as feed in case of severedrought

Supplementation only for productive birds withhouse hold grain

Supplementation of shell grit (calcium) forlaying birds

Culling of weak birds

Supplementation to all survived birds

Drinking water Use water sanitizers or offer cool drinkingwater

Health and disease management Culling of sick birds.

Deworming and vaccination againstRD and fowl pox

Mixing of Vit. A,D,E, K and B-complexincluding vit C in drinking water (5ml in onelitre water)

Hygienic and sanitation of poultry house

Disposal of dead birds by burning / burying with limepowder in pit

Floods

41

Shortage of feed ingredients In case of early forewarning offloods, shift the birds to safer place

Storing of house hold grain likemaize, broken rice, bajra etc,

Use stored feed as supplement

Don’t allow for scavenging


Routine practices are followed

Deworming and vaccination against RD


Health and disease management In case of EFW, add antibioticpowder (Terramycin/Ampicilline/Ampiclox etc., 10g in one litre) indrinking water to prevent anydisease outbreak

Prevent water logging surrounding the shedsthrough proper drainage facility

Assure supply of electricity by generator orsolar energy or biogas

Sprinkle lime powder to prevent ammoniaaccumulation due to dampness

Sanitation of poultry house

Treatment of affected birds Disposal of dead birdsby burning / burying with line powder in pit

Disposal of poultry manure to prevent protozoalproblem

Supplementation of coccidiostats in feed

Vaccination against RD

Cyclone

Shortage of feed ingredients In case of EFW, shift the birds tosafer place

Storing of house hold grain likemaize, broken rice, bajra etc,


Use stored feed as supplement

Don’t allow for scavenging

Protect from thunder storms

Routine practices are followed


Health and disease management In case of EFW, add antibioticpowder in drinking water to preventany disease outbreak

Sanitation of poultry house

Treatment of affected birds

Prevent water logging surrounding the sheds

Assure supply of electricity

Sprinkle lime powder (5-10g per square feet)to prevent ammonia accumulation due todampness

Disposal of dead birds by burning / deep buryingwith lime powder in pit

Disposal of poultry manure to prevent protozoalproblem

Supplementation of coccidiostats in feed

Vaccination against Ranikhet Disease (0.5ml S/c)

42

Heat wave and cold wave NA

2.5.3 Fisheries/ Aquaculture:


Before the eventa During the event After the event

1) Drought

A. Capture

Marine No intervention No intervention No intervention

Inland(i) Shallow water depth due toinsufficient rains/inflow

Stocking of advnced fingerlings inhalf or even less than the normalstocking density or stocking ofcommon carp seed

Immediate harvesting ordecreasing the densitycommensurate with the waterquantity.

De weeding and deepening of tankto ensure retention of water for alonger period and provision ofemployment under MGNREGP

(ii) Changes in water quality Regular monitoring of waterquality parameters and applicationof geolites, soil probiotics, etc tomaintain water qaulity

Immediate harvesting orchanging the water quality byapplication of sanitisers.

Removal of top layer, deepploughing of tank and applicationof lime

(iii) Any other

B. Aquaculture

(i) Shallow water in ponds due toinsufficient rains/inflow

Crop holiday or going for stockingof yearlings by reducing thedensity according to availabilityof water

Harvesting of fish and leavingthe pond fallow till next season

Removal of top layer, deepploughing of tank and applicationof lime

(ii) Impact of salt load build up inponds / change in water quality

Stocking of salinity tolerant fish /shrimp, application of geolites andother buffers

Frenquent change of water withfresh water

Frequent draining of the pond withfresh water, removal of top layers

(iii) Any other

43

2) Floods

A. Capture

Marine No intervention No intervention No intervention

Inland

(i) Average compensation paid dueto loss of human life

Shifting the people from low lyingareas to relief camps

Deployment of specially trainedpersons for rescue operations byproviding life bouys, jackets,ropes, boats, etc

Payment sufficient ex-gratia to thefamilies

(ii) No. of boats / nets/damaged

Shifting and relocating boats andnets to safer places when warningsare issued, to avoid fishing, etc

Shifting and relocating boatsand nets to safer places

Assessment of damages to boatsand nets and provision of boatsand nets for restoration oflivelihoods

(iii) No.of houses damaged

Avoidance of construction ofhouses in flood prone ares,construction of pucca houses atelevated places,

Shifting of people by reliefboats to the relief camps

Assessment of damages to housesand provision of compensation incase of partial damage andsanction house under existingschemes

(iv) Loss of stock

Avoidance of surface species likecatla, silver carp since they arevulnerable in tanks prone tofloods, erection of nets across thespill way or just beyond it Erection of nets at spill ways Taking up compensatory stocking

(v) Changes in water quality

When dissolved oxygen levelsgo down, aerators, recirculationof water, etc are to be attemptedto maintain DO levels, going forpartial harvest, etc

(vi) Health and diseases

Sometimes there may be heavyaccumulation of nutrients andorganic matter.

There may be break out ofHeamorrhagic septicimea.Addition of antibiotics likeChloro Tetra Cycline or OxyTetra Cycline to the feed to

Removal of weeds, top layer ofsoil, deep ploughing of tank andapplication of lime, exposing tosun light

44

constrol the disease

B. Aquaculture

(i) Inundation with flood water

Raising and rivetting the bunds,construction of spill way to releaseexcess water, erection of nets toavoid escape of fish

Continuous pumping of excesswater, erection of nets low lyingareas

Strengthening of bunds,excavating channels along thesides of the ponds for free escapeof water

(ii) Water continuation and changesin water quality

When dissolved oxygen levelsgo down, aerators, recirculationof water, etc are to be attemptedto maintain DO levels, going forpartial harvest, etc

(iii) Health and diseases

Sometimes there may be heavyaccumulation of nutrients andorganic matter.

There may be break out ofHeamorrhagic septicimea.Addition of antibiotics likeChloro Tetra Cycline or OxyTetra Cycline to the feed toconstrol the disease

Removal of weeds, top layer ofsoil, deep ploughing of tank andapplication of lime, exposing tosun light

(iv) Loss of stock and inputs (feed,chemicals etc)

Advance erection of nets,strengthening of bunds where theyare prone to breaches, harvestingor reducing the density

Suspension of feeding,application of organic manures

Compensatory stocking,assessment of values and paymentof subsidy on inputs

(v) Infrastructure damage (pumps,aerators, huts etc)

Insuring pond, accessories, etc.,Shifting of aerators, pumps soonafter warnigs are issued

Relocating pumps, aerators toelevated places

Assessment of damages andprovision of them on subsidy

(vi) Any other

3. Cyclone / Tsunami

A. Capture

Marine

(i) Average compensation paid dueto loss of fishermen lives

Avoidance of fishing, preventingfishermen from venturing into sea,

To ensure the return of fishingboats on long voyages, Payment sufficient ex-gratia to the

45

carrying of safety equipment andVHF sets, shifting fishermen fromvulnerable areas to relief camps,etc

provision of information onsuch boats to coast Guard

families

(ii) Avg. no. of boats /nets/damaged

Avoidance of fishing whenwarnings are issued, shifting ofboats and nets to safe places

Shifting and relocating boatsand nets to safer places

Assessment of damages to boatsand nets and provision of boatsand nets for restoration oflivelihoods

(iii) Avg. no. of houses damaged

Avoidance of houses in CoastalRegulation Zone, designing ofhouses to withstand impact ofturbulent wind and water

Shifting of people by reliefboats to the relief camps

Assessment of damages to housesand provision of compensation incase of partial damage andsanction house under existingschemes

Inland

Erection of protective nets acroosthe surplus weir to prevent fishloss due to overflows

Continuous monitoring toprevent or minimise escape offish along with surplus water Compensatory stocking of seed

B. Aquaculture

(i) Overflow / flooding of ponds

The design of the pond must be insuch a manner as to bail outsurplus water and to prevent lossof stanidng crop

Continuous monitoring toprevent or minimise escape offish along with surplus water Compensatory stocking of seed

(ii) Changes in water quality (freshwater / brackish water ratio)

Recircualtion water to repleishand ensure sufficient dissolvedoxygen levels in the pond.Maintenance of salinity levels bypumping in water from creecks.

Continuation of the sameprocess.

Restoration of physical andchemical parameters

(iii) Health and diseases

Removal of stress causing factorsto maintain the health of theanimal

Removal of stress causingfactors to maintain the health ofthe animal

Restoration of physical andchemical parameters

(iv) Loss of stock and inputs (feed,chemicals etc)

Preventive nets must be erected tominimise loss of stock

Continuation of the sameprocess. Compensatory stocking of seed

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(v) Infrastructure damage (pumps,aerators, shelters/huts etc)

Pumps, aerators, etc must beprotected by moving them to safelocations

To avoid use of aerators, pumpsand other appliances

Overhauling of the eqipment toprevent from being damaged

(vi) Any other

4. Heat wave and cold wave

A. Capture

Marine Avoidance of fishing Avoidance of fishing No intervention

InlandMonitoring dissolved oxygenlevels

Monitoring dissolved oxygenlevels No intervention

B. Aquaculture

(i) Changes in pond environment(water quality)

Reduction of biomass by partialharvest in the event of heat as theDO levels will be very low. Avoidance of fishing

Compensatory stocking of seedand restoration of all physical andchemical parameters

(ii) Health and Diseasemanagement

Removal of stress causing factorsto maintain the health of theanimal

Removal of stress causingfactors to maintain the health ofthe animal

Compensatory stocking of seedand restoration of all physical andchemical parameters

(iii) Any other

state: andhra pradesh agriculture contingency plan for ... west... · godavari delta tail end areas...

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