State and Local Government

Target: I can explain Federalism and the structure

of our state government.

Governmental StructureFederal Government

State Government

Local GovernmentTwo separate tiers of Local Government

County LevelMunicipality

FederalismSystem of government in which a written

constitution divides power on a territorial basis

Simply, there are powers that belong to the federal government, there are powers that belong to the state government, and there are powers that they share

Federalism

National Government State Government

Reserved Powers

Set rule regarding marriage, consumption

Set regulations for professional licenses

Delegated Powers

Powers that are denied to State Gov’t

Can’t deny freedom of religion, speech, etc.

Concurrent Powers

Shared by both

10th Amendment“The powers not delegated to the United

States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.”

This establishes the right of states to establish local government

State Government in Ohio

Follows the Federal Structure

Executive

Governor

Legislative

General Assembly

Judicial

Supreme Court

House of Representatives

Senate

County LevelEstablished by State Constitutions

In some states they are referred to as Parishes or Boroughs

Some states have abolished the County Level

In many rural areas, there are no municipalities so the county government takes their place

Municipal GovernmentsEstablished by State Constitutions

Can be one of several designationsMunicipality, town, township, city, village, borough

Local Government in OhioAs each state creates regulations for local

government in their constitution, we will focus on Ohio

Ohio TownshipsAll county land in Ohio is divided into townships

There are over 1,000 townships in Ohio

A village or a city may remove itself from a township when it reaches appropriate population requirements

Ohio VillagesIn Ohio, a village is an incorporated municipality

with fewer than 5,000 inhabitants but more than 1,600 inhabitants

Ohio CitiesIf a village exceeds 5,000 inhabitants then it

becomes a city

As a city, the municipal government may now collect income taxes to fund expensesTaxes can vary from .3 % to 3 %These taxes will be used to provide municipal

services (snow plowing, parks, pool, etc.)

Many Ohio Cities further divide themselves into wards, or smaller sections that allow a more intimate relationship between elected officials and their constituents

Ohio School DistrictsThere are more than 600 city, local, and

exempted village school districts providing K-12 education in Ohio. The borders of the school district do not strictly follow county, township, or municipal borders.

Each School District will have a board of education that oversees the schools in the district