Startup: CST PrepCopy entire question in the back!!

• In order for the body to maintain homeostasis, the chemical decomposition of food to produce energy must be followed byA. Water intake.

B. Muscle contractions.

C.Waste removal.

D.Nervous impulses.

Classroom Business

New Changes!!• Outlines: 1 HP/ page of notes.• Quizzes: Weekly, on Friday

Today’s Assignment

• Lung Capacity Activity• Write the objective, and a

brief summary of your procedure.

• Then, you get your balloon.

Today’s Assignment (2)

• Write the data table in your notebook.

• Answer questions in complete sentence.

• When you are done, you get 5 HP.

Startup: CST PrepCopy into the back of your NB.

• What is the main function of the excretory system?A. Transporting wastes from cells and

excreting them from the kidneys

B. Excreting waste from cells and transporting them to the kidneys.

C. Filtering wastes from the blood and excreting them in urine.

D. Transporting wastes to the kidneys from filtering them from urine.

The Digestive System

Digestion and Digestive Enzymes

Nutrition and Digestion in Humans

• Human nutrition

• Balance diet includes the following:1. Carbohydrates

2. Fats

3. Proteins

4. Minerals

5. Vitamins

Where does digestion begin?

• What structures are used for digestion?

• Think about the last thing you ate.

• What did you first do with the food?

• Your mouth is the first site of digestion.

Digestion - Function• Helps break

down food into simpler molecules that can be used by the cells of the body

2 Types of Digestion

• Mechanical Digestion

• Chemical Digestion

Mechanical Digestion

• Physical breakdown of large pieces of food

• Chewing (teeth)

• Stomach

Chemical Digestion• Digestive

enzymes breakdown food into smaller molecules

• Saliva• Stomach• Small Intestine

Digestive Enzymes

• Speed up the rate of a reaction

• Break down food

Digestive System Structures

• Mouth• Esophagus• Stomach• Small Intestine• Large Intestine

Mouth

• Teeth– Mechanical

Digestion

• Saliva– Chemical

Digestion

Esophagus

• Peristalsis -

contraction of smooth muscles squeeze food through the esophagus

Stomach

• Chemical Digestion

• Mechanical Digestion

Small Intestine

• Chemical Digestion

• Absorption of food

• Nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream.

Large Intestine

• Removes water from undigested material

• Puts it back into the blood stream

In Review…

• What is the he Function of the Digestive System?

• What are the two types of Digestion

In Review

• What are the structures of the digestive system?

– Mouth• Mechanical & Chemical

– Esophagus• Moves food down to stomach

– Small Intestine• Absorbs nutrients

– Large Intestine• Removes water from waste

Startup: CST PrepCopy into the back of your NB.

• What is the main function of the excretory system?A. Transporting wastes from cells and

excreting them from the kidneys

B. Excreting waste from cells and transporting them to the kidneys.

C. Filtering wastes from the blood and excreting them in urine.

D. Transporting wastes to the kidneys from filtering them from urine.

Startup: Review 1. T/F Peristalsis is the movement of the

stomach.

2. Name the two types of digestion:

3. What are the two jobs of digestive enzymes?

False. Peristalsis is movement of the esophagus. Food Stomach

1.) Chemical & 2.) Mechanical

1.) Speed up the rate of reactions2.) Break down food

The Excretory System

Oil change

• When you drive a car, you are supposed to change the oil every 3000 miles. Why do we change the oil and the oil filter?

• In our body, our blood can be compared to oil.

• Cellular waste can build up. We get rid of it through the excretory system.

A Water Filter

• Have you ever seen a water filter?

• What does a water filter do?

• Why do we filter water?

• How is the water that comes out of the filter different from the water that entered it?

Your Body’s Filter

• Your body has its own system for filtering blood. Why might the blood in your body need to be filtered?

• What organ(s) do you think filters your blood?

• How do you think the filtered materials leave your body?

The Excretory System

• Main Function– Maintain homeostasis in the blood

• Remove waste products from the blood• Maintain blood pH• Regulate water content of blood

Recall: Blood

• What is the main function of blood in our body?– Bring oxygen and nutrients to cells

• Oxygen is collected from the Lungs• Nutrients are collected from the Small Intestine

– Remove cellular waste products from cells• Carbon Dioxide exits through the Lungs• Other cellular waste products such as Urea exit

through the Kidneys, Ureters, Bladder and Urethra

Excretory System Structures

The main organs of the excretory system:

• Kidneys

• Bladder, Ureters and Urethra

The Kidneys• Function of kidneys

– Filtration of blood– Reabsorption of water and nutrients back into

blood

• Parts of the Kidney– Renal Medulla – inside of kidney– Renal Cortex – outside of kidney– Renal Artery – carries blood to kidney– Renal Vein – carries blood away from kidney– Nephron – functional unit of kidney: filter