starting rda implementation in arabic libraries issues and considerations iman khairy senior...
TRANSCRIPT
Starting RDA Implementation in Arabic Libraries
Issues and Considerations
Starting RDA Implementation in Arabic Libraries
Issues and Considerations
Iman KhairySenior Cataloging Librarian
Qatar National LibraryQatar Foundation
Millennium MENA-IUG ConferenceDoha, Qatar
November 18-21, 2013
OutlineOutline
• General Overview of RDA• AACR2-RDA Comparisons• Implementation Plan• Conclusion
General Overview of RDAGeneral Overview of RDA• What is RDA?• Why RDA?• What’s wrong with AACR?• Who are the developers of RDA?• Historical Background• Preparing for RDA
AACR2-RDA ComparisonAACR2-RDA Comparison• Things that stay the same• Some changes to know about• Things that are different• Rules affecting Arabic cataloging• AACR2 vs. RDA/FRBR and ILS
Implementation PlanImplementation Plan• When?• Budget?• Training?• Cataloging data changes?• ILS changes?
What is RDA?What is RDA?
• RDA stands for: Resource Description and Access
• New cataloging standard that will replace AACR2
• Data content standard, not a display or encoding standard
• Intended to be more international and less Anglo centric
What is RDA?What is RDA?• Based on FRBR (Functional
Requirements for Bibliographic Records) and FRAD (Functional Requirements for Authority Records)
• RDA can be used with MARC, but is structured to work with other data formats such as Dublin Core
Why RDA?Why RDA?
• New Formats and Types• Designed for Online Environment• To Be More International• Change of Users’ Expectations
What’s wrong with AACR ?What’s wrong with AACR ?
• Lack of logical structure • Mixing content and carrier data
• (manuscript on microform, map on DVD, etc.)
• Hierarchical relationships missing • Anglo-American centric • Written before FRBR • Not enough support for collocation • Before Internet, metadata and
digital environment
Based on slide from Barbara B. Tillett, Univ. of Florence
Who are the developers of RDA?Who are the developers of RDA?Joint Steering Committee for Development of RDA (JSC):
• Australian Committee on Cataloguing (ACOC)• American Library Association (ALA)• British Library (BL)• Canadian Committee on Cataloguing (CCC)• Chartered Institute of Library and Information
Professionals (CILIP) • Deutsche Nationalbibliothek (DNB)• Library of Congress (LC)
Historical BackgroundHistorical Background• 1997: International Conference on
the Principles & Future Development of AACR, Toronto
• 1998: FRBR Published by IFLA • 2002-2004: Work on new
standards AACR3• 2005: AACR3 developed to be
RDA
Historical BackgroundHistorical Background
• 2006-2007: community reviews of draft portions of RDA
• More drafts and revisions on RDA • June 22, 2010: Public release of
RDA Toolkit• July 1st 2010 – Dec. 2010: Training,
Testing; creating records • January 1 – March 31, 2011:
analysis and evaluation
Historical BackgroundHistorical Background• June 2011: Big RDA
announcement• (postpone implementation, no sooner
than January 2013)
• 2011-2012: LC RDA Training• Conducted by Program for
Cooperative Cataloging (PCC)
• March 31, 2013: RDA Implementation
• LC and LC’s partner national libraries
Preparing for RDAPreparing for RDA
Glossary RDA Toolkit
Rules & Guidelines Resources
Training
Frequently Used TerminologyFrequently Used Terminology
WEMI: Work, Expression, Manifestation, Item
FRBR/FRADEntitiesAttributesRelationships
RDA ToolkitLC-PCC PS
Core Elements
CoreCore if
RDA Terminology ChangesRDA Terminology Changes
• Access point (not added entry)• Authorized access point (Not main entry or
headings)• Variant access points (not see references)• Authorized access point for related entity (not
see also references)• Preferred title for a work (not uniform title)• Creator (not author)• Preferred access point (not heading)• Carrier description (not physical description) • Preferred sources (not chief source)
RDA ToolkitRDA Toolkit• Available online for subscription• Available through Cataloger’s
Desktop• RDA printDuring 2013, release of the first RDA Print accumulation that will include the RDA updates and reworded RDA chapters released to date.
• Translations: Chinese, French, German, and Spanish
• Arabic translation (under negotiations)
RDA ToolkitRDA Toolkit• RDA: Organized according to entities
and relationships. No chapters for formats
• Overall structure:• Sections 1-4: Recording attributes of
elements• Sections 5-10: Recording relationships
between elements• Appendices A –M (Capitalization,
Abbreviations, etc.)
• Glossary
RDA ToolkitRDA Toolkit• Includes:
• Workflows and other procedural documentation
• Mappings of RDA to different schemas, including MARC 21
• Full text of AACR2 • Library of Congress-Program for
Cooperative Cataloging Policy Statements (LC-PCC PSs = the successor of LCRI)
• MARC Record Examples of RDA Cataloging
RDA ToolkitRDA ToolkitRDA tab >> browse the RDA text
RDA ToolkitRDA ToolkitTools tab >> links to MARC 21 & more
RDA ToolkitRDA ToolkitResources tab >> full text of AACR2, links to RDA and more
Resource URL
RDA Toolkit
http://www.rdatoolkit.org/
LC (RDA) http://www.loc.gov/aba/rda
JSC & RDA
http://www.rda-jsc.org/rdafaq.html
RDA & MARC
http://www.loc.gov/marc/RDAinMARC29.html
Text of FRBR
http://www.ifla.org/publications/functional-requirements-for-bibliographic-records
MARC Changesto RDA
http://www.loc.gov/marc/formatchanges-RDA.html
Resource URL
RDA and OCLC
http://www.oclc.org/rda/about.htm
RDA in NACO Training
http://www.loc.gov/catworkshop/courses/rda_naco/course%20table.html
DCMZ1 http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/dcmz1.pdfMARC 21 encoding to accommodate new RDA elements 046 and 3XX
http://www.loc.gov/aba/pcc/rda/PCC%20RDA%20guidelines/RDA%20in%20NARs-SARs_PCC.pdf
MARC 21 Format for Authority Data
http://www.loc.gov/marc/authority/
LC-PCC PSs http://www.loc.gov/aba/rda/lcps_access.html
RDA Train-the-Trainer
http://www.loc.gov/bibliographic-future/rda/trainthetrainer.html
RDA Training ResourcesRDA Training Resources• Comprehensive List of RDA Training
Resources, categorized by types of formats and librarian specializations is available at:
• "RDA Resources." CARLI - Consortium of Academic and Research Libraries in Illinois. http://www.carli.illinois.edu/mem-prod/i-share/cat/rda-resources
(accessed February 19, 2013)
AACR2-RDA ComparisonAACR2-RDA Comparison• Things that Stay the Same:
–RDA is designed to be backward compatible with AACR2
• RDA will be implemented using the MARC21 format
–RDA will work with your Integrated Library System (ILS)
AACR2-RDA ComparisonAACR2-RDA Comparison• Some Changes to Know About:
–RDA uses fewer abbreviations than AACR2
– Changes to Bible headings– Rule of Three– Overview of New MARC Fields
Fixed fields
New MARC Fields
AACR2-RDA Comparison
Variable fields
New MARC Fields
AACR2-RDA Comparison
New MARC Fields
AACR2-RDA Comparison
New MARC Fields
AACR2-RDA Comparison
New MARC Fields
AACR2-RDA Comparison
New MARC Fields
MARC Fields for Content (336), Media (337), and Carrier (338)
Types
AACR2-RDA Comparison
New MARC Fields
AACR2-RDA Comparison
• Things that are different:– RDA is based on conceptual models
for library data (FRBR and FRAD)– RDA is designed to be used as an
online product (RDA Toolkit)– RDA hopes to make it possible to
move library data onto the Semantic Web and support the use of Linked-Data (Linked-Metadata)
AACR2-RDA ComparisonAACR2-RDA Comparison
FRBR Groups FRBR/FRAD Entities
RDA
Group 1 (Primary) [resources]Products of intellectual or artistic endeavors
Work Section 2: Attributes of Work and ExpressionExpression
Manifestation Section 1: Attributes of Manifestation and ItemItem
Group 2[Creators+]Those responsible for producing Group 1 entities and more
Person Section 3: Attributes of Person, Family, and Corporate Body
Family
Corporate Body
Group 3[Subjects]Subjects of intellectual or artistic endeavors
Concept Section 4: Attributes of Concept, Object, Event, and Place
Object
Event
Place
(All Group 1 & 2 Entities)
RDA (FRBR and FRAD)RDA (FRBR and FRAD)
RDA (FRBR and FRAD)RDA (FRBR and FRAD)FRBR User Tasks (Searching for information resources):• Find—to find resources that correspond to the
user’s stated search criteria• Identify—to confirm that the resource described
corresponds to the resource sought, or to distinguish between two or more resources with similar characteristics
• Select—to select a resource that is appropriate to the user’s needs
• Obtain—to acquire or access the resource described.
RDA (FRBR and FRAD)RDA (FRBR and FRAD)
FRAD user tasks
• Find• Identify• Contextualize• Justify
Principles to achieve FRAD user tasks• Differentiate• Represent• Language preference• Common usage
RDA 4 principles for persons, families, and corporate bodies are meant to meet the FRAD user tasks, they are: find, identify, understand the relationship, and understand why a name has been recorded. They are covered in RDA 8.2.
RDA and the Semantic WebRDA and the Semantic WebRDA as RDF/XML Vocabulary
RDA and the Semantic WebRDA and the Semantic WebRDA as RDF/RDF Vocabulary
MARC 21 Transition (Bib-Frame)MARC 21 Transition (Bib-Frame)The BIBFRAME is an undertaking by the Library of Congress and the community to better accommodate future needs of the library community. A major focus of the initiative will be to determine a transition path for the MARC 21 exchange format to more
Web based, Linked Data standards.
Zepheira and The Library of Congress are working together to develop a Linked Data model, vocabulary and enabling tools /
services for supporting this Initiative .http://bibframe.org
•
MARC21 as BIBFRAME Resources (RDF/XML)
MARC21 as BIBFRAME Resources (RDF/XML)
RDA and Linked-DataRDA and Linked-DataLinked-Data: Linked Data is a methodology for providing relationships between things (data, concepts and documents) anywhere on the web, using URI’s for identifying, RDF/XML for describing, HTTP for publishing these things and relationships in a way that they can be interpreted and used by humans and software.
Linked-Data in LibrariesLinked-Data in Libraries• Linked-Metadata?
– The “linked-metadata” can also use a cross-referenced URIs in the metadata records as the linking mechanisms for linking metadata elements (names, subject or bibliographic data) across multiple library systems.
Linked-Data in LibrariesLinked-Data in LibrariesLC authority record with LCCN Permalink
Linked-Data in LibrariesLinked-Data in Libraries• Examples of international linked-
data projects:– OCLC WorldCat.org Bibliographic Linked
Data Project www.worldcat.org– Virtual International Authority File (VIAF)
www.viaf.org – LCSH Multilingual Linked-Data Project
http://id.loc.gov
Linked-Data in LibrariesLinked-Data in Libraries
Linked Data in WorldCat.org
Links to VIAF
Links to BIBALEX
Linked-Data in LibrariesLinked-Data in Libraries
VIAF Linked-Authorities
Linked-Data in LibrariesLinked-Data in LibrariesAdvantages of linked data• Building virtual collections• Standards independent• Richer user experienceChallenges of linked data• Provenance, governance and sustainability
issues• Quality of interlinked data• Developing a workable framework, systems
and standards• Needs robust infrastructure not available to
every library
Rules affecting Arabic catalogingRules affecting Arabic cataloging• New better rules for Arabic
cataloging:–Qur’an will be used instead of
Koran–Titles such as Imam can be
added (9.4.1.8 Other Persons of Religious Vocation)
–Adding professions or occupations for names differentiation (9.19.1.6 Profession or Occupation)
Rules affecting Arabic catalogingQur’an will be used instead of Koran
Rules affecting Arabic catalogingRules affecting Arabic cataloging9.19.1.6 Profession or Occupation
Add a term indicating the class of persons engaged in the profession or occupation of the person (see 9.16), if needed to distinguish one access point from another. Make this addition when the following elements are not available:• date of birth and/or death (see 9.19.1.3)
or• fuller form of name (see 9.19.1.4)
or• period of activity of the person (see 9.19.1.5).
Rules affecting Arabic catalogingRules affecting Arabic cataloging• Rules that need to be
discussed–Dates in both Gregorian and Hijri
calendars–Titles beginning with “Kitab”
Rules affecting Arabic catalogingRules affecting Arabic catalogingDates in both Gregorian and Hijri calendars
Rules affecting Arabic catalogingRules affecting Arabic catalogingDates in both Gregorian and Hijri calendars
0.11.4 Dates
Dates recorded in specified elements are transcribed in the form in which they appear on the source of information from which the data are taken. However, allowance is made for recording the data in the form preferred by the agency creating the data, either as a substitute for or in addition to the data in the original form.
Rules affecting Arabic catalogingRules affecting Arabic catalogingRecording dates in Arabic script numerals (Indian numerals)0.11.4 Dates
Dates appearing in certain other specified elements are also generally recorded in the form in which they appear on the source of information from which the data are taken. However, allowance is made for substituting equivalent numerals in the script preferred by the agency creating the data.
Rules affecting Arabic catalogingRules affecting Arabic cataloging• Questions about (0.11.4 Dates)
– Does it allow s to record both the Gregorian and Hijri dates if both are available?
– Does it also allow us to record dates in Arabic script numerals (Indian numerals) that matches Arabic language right to left directionality?
– Do we need to add this as a local practice?
Rules affecting Arabic catalogingRules affecting Arabic cataloging“The answer is yes, of course, if the cataloging agency prefers Hijri, and the date on the resource is not from that calendar, it can be added; or if the date is on the piece as Hijri, then it is transcribed for date of publication, etc. Local practice would reflect what the cataloging agency prefers for situations in RDA that say to follow what the cataloging agency prefers.”– Email from Dr. Barbara Tillett (Chair, Joint
Steering Committee for Development of RDA)
Rules affecting Arabic catalogingRules affecting Arabic catalogingThis allowance was already the practice in AACR2 0.11.4 Dates
Allowance is also made for adding dates in the Gregorian or Julian calendar if the data on the source of information are not in that form.
Ex. 1429 [2008 or 2009]
Rules affecting Arabic catalogingRules affecting Arabic cataloging• Titles beginning with “Kitab” 100 Biruni, Muhammad ibn Ahmad, 973?-1048.
Saydanah fi al-tibb
400 Biruni, Muhammad ibn Ahmad, 973?-1048. Kitab al-Saydanah fi al-tibb
670 Biruni, Muhammad ibn Ahmad. Kitab al-Saydanah fi al-tibb, 1991
In the above NAR there is no other work cited in 670 without the word Kitab
Rules affecting Arabic catalogingRules affecting Arabic cataloging• Titles beginning with “Kitab”
Should we submit a proposal to add Kitab as the instruction below given for Sefer?
Hebraica Cataloging, notes on LCRI 21.30J“If all an author's works begin with the word "Sefer", then no name/title authority records are needed. If the word "Sefer" does not appear on all an author's works, then a name authority record is made for each title that does use "Sefer" and the appropriate, specific reference is made.”
AACR2 Vs. RDA/FRBR and ILSAACR2 Vs. RDA/FRBR and ILSBetter Collocation of Bibliographic Data based on RDA/FRBR
AACR2 vs. RDA/FRBR and ILSAACR2 vs. RDA/FRBR and ILSBetter Collocation of Bibliographic Data based on RDA/FRBR
AACR2 vs. RDA/FRBR and ILSAACR2 vs. RDA/FRBR and ILSBibliotheca Alexandrina Started Using VTLS-FRBR Module
Implementation PlanImplementation Plan• When?The decision will depend on factors such as: First, When the Library ILS will be upgraded to accommodate RDA and MARC changes?
Second, When the suppliers of the MARC records (e.g., book vendors) will provide RDA-based cataloging records?
Third, the library may wish to defer decisions on RDA until after the national libraries start the actual RDA implementation.
Implementation PlanImplementation Plan• Budget?Budgeting and purchase decisions for RDA Toolkit, training and other costs.
• Training?Identifying training needs and training levels.
Cataloging data changes?
Retrospective changes (programmatically or manually)
Implementation PlanImplementation Plan• ILS changes?
• RDA and MARC changes impact on the ILS (the Client and OPAC)
• Indexing, searching and displaying of new MARC fields
• Display of GMDs and the new MARC fields for Content, Carrier, and Media types
• Display of tag 264 with split of publisher, distributor, producer, copyright roles
• Are OPAC displays intuitive for the users? If not, can we make changes to improve the situation?
Implementation PlanImplementation PlanDisplaying GMDs in GUI Icons
Implementation PlanImplementation PlanDisplaying GMDs as faceted representation Icons
Implementation PlanImplementation PlanDisplaying MARC fields for Content, Media and Carrier Types as entered in bibliographic records
Implementation PlanImplementation Plan• ILS changes?
• Display of multiple 264 fields
Provide different labels based on the second indicator value:• 264 _0 = Production• 264 _1 = Publisher• 264 _2 = Distributor• 264 _3 = Manufacturer• 264 _4 = Copyright
Implementation PlanImplementation PlanDisplaying Multiple 264 Fields
ConclusionConclusion“Don’t panic.” While much of RDA
is brand new and points toward a different future for cataloging, there is also much that is familiar to those used to working with AACR2 and MARC 21. It is important for us to know that RDA will be implemented in stages. The first stage is upon us and has been designed to be less disruptive than we may think.
ResourcesResources• Bell, Joyce. 2012. “RDA Authorities.”
[PowerPoint slides]. https://sites.google.com/site/melacataloging/resources/rda
(accessed February 28, 2013]
• Biella, Joan. 2012. “RDA and Bibliographic Description.” [PowerPoint slides]. https://sites.google.com/site/melacataloging/resources/rda
(accessed February 28, 2013]
ResourcesResources• Dagher, Iman. 2012. Getting Ready for RDA.
[PowerPoint slides]. https://sites.google.com/site/melacataloging/resources/rda
(accessed February 28, 2013]
• Hart, Amy. 2010. "Getting Ready for RDA: What You Need to Know". Library Media Connection. 29 (2): 30-32.
79
Questions?Questions?
79
80
Thank youThank you
80