stanford university (1)

7/31/2019 Stanford University (1)

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Stanford University


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The world has recently witnessed a great Economic Recession of all

times. This Global Economic Turmoil had a negative effect on allsectors and businesses. But, in these times of economic recession,

there were few business areas which were able to not only sustain

their existing growth rate, but were also able to accelerate it;

Education being one of the most prominent among them.


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What they are?

The Leland Stanford Junior University, commonly

referred to as Stanford University or Stanford, is a private

research university on an 8,180-acre (3,310 ha) campus

located near Palo Alto, California. Leland Stanford, aCalifornian railroad tycoon and politician, founded the

university in 1891 in honor of his son, Leland Stanford, Jr.,

who died of typhoid two months before his 16th birthday.

The university is organized into seven schools includingacademic schools of Humanities and Sciences and Earth

Sciences as well as professional schools of Business,

Education, Engineering, Law, and Medicine.
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History

Concept of opening the University started on 1st Oct, 1891 by Leland Stanford after 6years of planning and building.

In the following years after 1906, Stanford opened professional schools of medicine,

business, engineering, education and law.

In 1934 after the world war II, alumni volunteers formed "Stanford Associates" toraise money for the university and ensure the development of its programs and facilities.

From then on, Stanford alumni would play a key role in maintaining the universitys

expansion and improvement.

In 1939, with the encouragement of their professor and mentor, Frederick Terman,

Stanford alumni David Packard and William Hewlett established a little electronics

company in a Palo Alto garage. That garage would later be dubbed "the Birthplace ofSilicon Valley."

In 1947, professor William W. Hansen unveiled an electron linear accelerator

prototype, and the following year construction began on a new Microwave Laboratory.

In 1947, professor William W. Hansen unveiled an electron linear accelerator

prototype, and the following year construction began on a new Microwave Laboratory.


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History

Two of the universitys most iconic scientific institutions were built in the 1960s: the2-mile-long linear accelerator (SLAC National Laboratory); and theDish, a 150-foot

diameter radio antenna in the foothills built as a joint venture between the Stanford

Research Institute (SRI) and the Air Force.

In the early 1970s, professor Vinton Cerf, known as the father of the Internet,

developed with a colleague the TCP/IP protocols which would become the standard for

Internet communication between computers.

In 2006, the university embarked upon an ambitious five-year, $4.3 billion campaign,

The Stanford Challenge, to ensure that Stanford continues to educate future leaders andto find solutions to the most pressing global challenges.a new Microwave Laboratory.
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Facts and Figures

There are an estimated 188,385 living Stanford degree holders, including 74,468undergraduate alumni, 95,236 graduate alumni and 18,681 dual-degree holders.

Stanford alumni have started many companies[148] including Hewlett-Packard (William Hewlett

and David Packard), Cisco Systems (Sandra Lerner and Leonard Bosack), NVIDIA, SGI,

VMware, MIPS Technologies, Yahoo! (Chih-Yuan Yang and David Filo), Google (Sergey Brin

and Lawrence Page), Wipro Technologies (Azim Premji), Nike, Gap (Doris Fisher), Logitech, and

Sun Microsystems (Vinod Khosla).

Stanford's current community of scholars includes:

50 Nobel Prize laureates

137 members of the National Academy of Sciences

95 members ofNational Academy of Engineering62 members ofInstitute of Medicine

258 members of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences

19 recipients of the National Medal of Science

2 recipients of the National Medal of Technology

30 members of the National Academy of Education
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Growth Opportunity

India will fall short of real talent by about - 5.3 million Growth of Higher education needed per five year plan 37 %

Shortfall in number of seats in colleges required and available - 45 %

Creation of 1500 colleges and Universities to reach 15 % GER ( Gross

Enrollment Ratio ) by 2015

Increasing capacity of existing IITs and IIMs by 200 %

Sharp difference in the no. of PHDs in India and US 67000 PHDs and first

class professional in USA compared to 8000 PHDs in India


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Hurdles for setting University


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Quota

Quota System : India since long has been a following apolicy of reservation and quota for certain classes of

people with an aim of inclusive education and upliftmentof socially backward classes. The FEPs are alien to suchconcepts and may feel trouble in implementing this, andproducing the kind of professionals they are known for.

Low Incomes:

Though India has been developing fast, but it is still onthe path of economic development. The per capita

income in India is still nowhere in comparison to thewestern world. In such a situation , we cannot expect alarge part of our population to be able to afford theexpense of education provided by the FEPs. Subsidiesand scholarships may resolve the issue but it may not bepossible for the FEPs to provide these facilities.Multilingualism


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Multilingualism

There are about 29 languages in India which

are spoken by more than a million people.Most of the education in India is carried out inthese regional languages. The FEPs would beable to provide education in only one or twomost prevalent languages leaving out a large

part of prospective clientele.

Profit repatriation

Most of the institutes and universities in India

are setup by trusts, societies and charitablecompanies, where profits are not to be takenout and have to be reinvested. There could beserious issues as these FEPs can prove to be amajor revenue earner and start taking back theprofits to their native country.


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Land and Building

land acquisition is a major issue in India and for

setting up any institute or organisation, land is amust. The capex costs of setting a campus inIndia will mean fees pretty close to those abroadespecially since endowment money cannot beused to offset costs.

Environment Mismatch

Going abroad is an education in and of itself.

Young Indians prize the opportunity to do so.Most of the Indian students who go or wish togo abroad is because of the overall social andeconomical environment prevalent there, whichis more conducive for a healthy living. This setof people would not enrol for programs in India.


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Labour Issues

it would not be feasible to get all the stafffrom foreign. These FEPs would have to go

for local people for most of the jobs. Even IfIndian professors are hired, they will want thesame salary as the expats for teaching thesame course.

Other Issues

So, apart from these primary issues there canbe some secondary issues like ; Follow therule of land, India is nation with substantiallydifferent set of rules and regulations ascompared to those countries in west. TheFEPs need to mandatorily follow the rule ofland and hence may feel uncomfortable.


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Foreign Education Providers Bill A step towards formalizing the foreign education in India and providing a

conducive atmosphere to make this a win-win situation for Indian students as

well as FEPs Foreign providers to set up Independent colleges which will be treated as deemed universities,

offering independent degrees without having to seek affiliation from an Indian university or

tying up with one in partnership.

Foreign universities will be able to offer degree programmes independently in India.

100% foreign investment will be allowed in the sector No need for FEP colleges to come under the UGC supervision, and no need to go through

accreditation process but be subject to regular reviews.

Proposal to free these FEPs from the ambit of Quota and free education

Proposal to create a new category of institutions for the FEPs.

Minimum experience of 10 years in the country of origin before entering India.

Provide a certificate of accreditation from a reputed body of their own country.

No restrictions on fees from governments side.

Scrutiny by central government agencies only for starting a degree program, certificate

programs need to registration


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What Indian government wants?

They are able to create a healthy competition stimulating the Indianinstitutions to revamp themselves.

FEPs are ready for long term investment and lend hand in bridging the gapbetween the demand of quality education and supply form governments side.

FEPs bring with them students from other parts of the world as well,making India more prominent in the world education map.

FEPs help in making India a regional and gradually an internationalhub of modern education.


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How to handle government

interventions and regulations which

could come in their way while

providing world class education

How can they ensure that the

quality of education is maintained

and brand value is protected whenexpanding globally

How they can attract and maintain

a good mix of students in theircampuses

How to design course structure and

content which will be of maximum

benefit to all the stakeholders

How to remain profitable while

adopting a low cost model whichsuits local needs

How to establish a mutually

benefiting long term relationship

with the local partner with both

parties contributing according to

their strengths


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Strategy

Actively engaging all the stakeholders including local partners,

accrediting bodies Devising the course structure to maximize utilization of foreign &

local faculty and resources

Cost model & structure to attract quality mix of student talent

The ones who adopt an innovative solution to address the challenges

is likely to do well

Key focus areas:


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Strategy Cont.

Command over English among students should not be a problem in higher

education

Pedagogical approach generally employed in Indian classrooms centers

around lecturing by the instructor and memorization and repetition on the

part of students

Asking students to suddenly go from sitting passively listening to engaging

in active class discussion and debating with their colleagues and instructors

can take students and instructors far out of their comfort zone Be aware of differences within the educational systems. For example, the

quality assurance process and the way universities are run can be different.

Gaining an understanding of the educational system operates is crucial.

Cultural Aspect


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Strategy

It is appreciated that to ensure long term commitment from the foreign

educational institution, the bill has insisted on an undertaking to maintain a

corpus fund of not less than fifty crore rupees.

The task of regulation of the entry and operation of foreign educational

institution into India is a task with immense responsibilities.

The bill does not define degree or diploma or explicitly state if the degree

of diploma awarded by the Foreign education provider will be considered a

degree / diploma awarded by the foreign university or by the Indian institution

set up under the proposed Act.

Application process of the foreign educational institutions.

The complete application, scrutiny and the notification process of the foreigneducational institutions be made public to encourage transparency.

Mechanism to provide feedback on the Foreign education providers be made

which can then be periodically analysed. This analysis can then form a basis to

prescribe norms / amend the Act.

Does India have the necessary infrastructure that would be needed for

FEPs Bill


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Strategy

Does India have the necessary infrastructure that would be needed.

Faculty could be paid dollar salaries that can be repatriated

Some portion of the revenues generated should be allowed for repatriation to

the parent university for enhancing their infrastructure at home. Indian alumni to donate to their campus in India and encourage them to play a

role in the management of the institution in India.

Consider setting up such branch campuses in the proposed (or to be planned)

SEZs , specially reserved as special education zones. These can have the

normal benefits provided in the special economic zones, involving taxincentives etc.

Possibilities of active interface with Indian universities. collaborative

partnerships among universities is crucial if entry of foreign service providers

is based on the assumption that they will raise the quality bar of at least a

select number of universities in the country.

FEPs Bill


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Strategy Cont.

Exposure in an emerging market could be an attraction for business and

management students. Lower cost is another attraction

Students may not be willing to do the entire program in India as they will be

apprehensive about the quality, limited job opportunities and difficulties in

relocation

Quality of life, food habits, course content and course structure can hold

them back from taking such a decision

Access to world class research facilities existing in India can drive them to

come to India

Fresh enrolment of international students in domestic varsities was at 13,267in 2004-05 and at 14,456 in 2005-06. This shows that inflow is too low

considering the outflow

Attracting Foreign Students

stanford university (1)

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