standing committee of national people's congress hois session

Chairman Hua Meets Delegation of

Marxist-Leninist Communists of France

And Viet Nam Vice-Premier Separately

Standing Committee of National People's Congress Hois Session

"Gang of Four's" Sinister Programme for

Usurping Party and State Power

THE WEEK 3

Chairman Hua Meets and Fetes Delegation of Marxist-Leninist Communists of Fiance

Chairman Hua Meets Viet Nam Vice-Premier Do Muoi

China Successfully Launches Another Man-Made Earth Satellite — Press Communique

Chairman Hua's Message of Greetings on First Anniversary of Founding of the People's Democratic Republic of Laos

Comrade Hi l l and Wife in China

Delegation of Communist Party of Germany

Chinese N.P.C, Delegat ion in Kuwait

ARTICLES A N D DOCUMENTS

Third Session of Standing Committee of Fourth Nat iona l People's Congress Convened in Peking 8

A Sinister Programme for Usurping Party and State Power — A criticism of the anti-Party " gang of f our " which took anti-empiricism as the "key l ink" — Hsieh Cheng 13

Tear Off "Gang of Four's" "Left ist" Masks:

Shanghai Workers Condemn Anti-Party Clique 15

Oil Workers Denounce "Gang of Four" 18

Sinkiang's New Look (II I ) : Minor i ty Nat ional i ty Cadres Come of Age — Our Cor---' respondents Tien San-sung a n d ' Kuo Pi-hung . 19

Warmly Congratulate the Lao People's Glorious Festival — Renmin Ribao

editorial - 23

Asian Countries Achieve Good Results in Agr icultural Development 24

Superpowers Obstruct Agr icultural Development in Asia 24 Messages Greeting Comrade Hua Kuo-feng Assuminq Posts of Chairman of

CP.C, Central Committee and Chairman of Its Mi l i tary Commission 25 I • -

ROUND THE WORLD ' 31

Denmark: Communist Labour Party of Denmark Founded

East Timor: Persisting in Armed Struggle

Western Europe: Raging Strike Struggle

U.N.: China's Stand on International Convention Against Taking Hostages

Published every Friday by PEKING REVIEW, Peking (37), China Post Office Registration No. 2-922

Printed in the People's Republic of China

IWm

Mi

3 ' C

® ;

HU A Kuo- feng , Cha i rman o f the Cent ra l Commi t t ee of the Communis t Pa r t y of China, m e t a n d had a

cordia l and f r i end l y conversation w i t h comrades on the Delegation of Marx i s t -Le r i in i s t Communis ts of France led by Comrade Jacques Jurque t on the a f t e rnoon of December 5. Cha i rman H u a Kuo - f eng extended a w a r m welcome to Comrade Jacques Ju rque t a n d his delegation on the i r f r i end l y v i s i t to China.

L i Hsien-nien, Member of the Po l i t i ca l Bureau of the C.P.C. Centra l Commit tee ; K e n g P iao and Feng Hsuan, Members of the C.P.C, Cent ra l Commit tee and Head and Deputy Head of i ts I n t e rna t i ona l L ia ison Depar tment , were present on the occasion.

A f t e r the meet ing, Cha i rman H u a Kuo- f eng gave a banquet i n honour of Comrade Jacques Jurque t a n d a l l the members of the delegation he was lead ing .

Proposing a toast, Comrade L i Hs ien-n ien sa id : " F o r m a n y years, a close f r a t e rna l f r i endsh ip has existed between our Par t y and the Marx i s t - Len in i s t C o m m u nists o f France. We have always supported and l ea rn t

f r o m each other i n our common struggle . Our relation-! ship is based on M a r x i s m - L e n i n i s m and pro le tar ian in t e rna t i ona l i sm . "

" U p h o l d i n g M a r x i s m - L e n i n i s m , " Comrade L i Hs ien-n ien po inted out, " t h e Marx i s t -Len in i s t Communists of France have endeavoured to combine the universa l t r u t h of Ma rx i sm-Len in i sm w i t h the concrete practice of the French r e vo lu t i on and waged unswerv ing struggles t o oppose mode rn rev is ion ism and the two superpowers, to oppose the monopo ly bourgeoisie i n the i r o w n country and to s tr ive fo r the real izat ion of socialism. We hea r t i l y rejoice at a l l th is and extend our w a r m congratulat ions to y o u . "

Comrade L i Hs ien-n ien wen t on to say: "The i n t e r na t i ona l s i tua t i on a t present is m a r k e d by great disorder under heaven, and the s i tua t i on is excellent. I t is cont i n u i n g to develop i n a d i rect ion favourable to the people of a l l countries and unfavourab le to the two super-; powers , ' the Soviet U n i o n and the U n i t e d States."

" I n Ch ina , " he said, " the s i tua t i on is also excellent. Under the leadership of the Par t y Centra l Commit tee

i i l i i

December 10, 1976 3

j"UA Kuo- feng , Cha i rman of the Centra l Commit tee of the Communis t P a r t y of Ch ina and Premier of

the State Counci l , met Do M u o i , 'Vice-Premier of the Government of the Socialist Republ ic of V i e t N a m , and his entourage on the a f t e rnoon of December 6.

i Cha i rman H u a Kuo- f eng had a cord ia l and f r i e n d l y conversation w i t h Vice-Premier Do M u o i and the other V i e t N a m comrades. V ice-Premier Do M u o i b rough t Cha i rman H u a regards f r o m Ton Due Thang, President of the Socialist Republic- of V i e t N a m ; Le Duan , F i r s t Secretary of the Cent ra l Commit tee of the V i e t N a m Workers ' Pa r t y ; T r u o n g Ch inh , Cha i rman of the S tandi n g Commit tee of the Na t i ona l Assembly of the S.R. V . N . ;

and Pham V a n Dong, Premier of the S.R.V.N. Government . Cha i rman H u a Kuo- f eng requested Vice-Premier Do M u o i to convey his regards to Comrades T o n Due Thang, Le Duan , T r u o n g C h i n h and Pham V a n Dong .

Present on the occasion were :

K u M u , Vice-Premier of the State Counci l , and H a n N ien - lung , V ice-Fore ign M in i s t e r ; and

T r a n T r u n g , Charge d 'Af fa ires ad in ter im, -of the V ie t N a m Embassy i n Peking.

V ice-Premier Do M u o i and his pa r t y arr ived_ i n Pek ing on December 5 on the i r w a y home. V ice-Premier K u M u met and feted the V i e t N a m comrades. .

Headed by Cha i rman H u a Kuo- feng , ou r Pa r t y has w o n \e great v i c t o r y of smashing the scheme of the 'gang | of f our ' to usurp P a r t y and state power. Our Par ty , our a r m y and our people of a l l nat ional i t ies are more closely

' u n i t e d a n d the d ic tatorship of the pro l e ta r ia t i n ou r

r4

count ry is f u r t h e r consolidated. People th roughout the country are j u b i l a n t and i n h i g h morale . A n e w atmos-V^// phere of v i g o u r and prosper i ty prevai ls i n a l l f i e lds . "

" I t is i n such excel lent circumstances i n China and abroad t h a t Comrade Jacques Jurque t has come to v i s -

Peking Review, No. 50

i t China at the head of, t h e delegation. We are sure t h a t the f r i endship and so l idar i t y between us w i l l be fu r the r " strengthened a n d developed t h r o u g h you r v i s i t , " Comrade L i Hsien-nien concluded. - . . .

I n his toast, Comrade Jurque t extended, on behal f of the Marx i s t -Len in i s t Communists of France, " o u r r e v o lu t ionary and- p r o l e t a r i a n : " internat ional ist , sa lute- . to ; y ou , respected Comrade Hua 'Kuo - f eng , C h a i r m a n of the ; Centra l Commit tee of the ' Communis t Pa r t y "of China, ' t o ; Comrade L i Hsien-nien, Member of the Po l i t i ca l B u r e a u ; o f the C.P.C. Centra l Commit tee , and to you-, ; comrades, Members "of the C e n t r a l : Commit tee and: other; comrades i n the f ra terna l - Chinese Commun i s t . Pa r t y , " ...

' He sa id : : " The smashing of the 'gang of. f o u r ' b y the Cent ra l Commit tee o f .the Chinese. Communist. : Pa r t y -unde r - th e leadership o f - C h a i r m a n Hua: const i tutes ; the. f o l l ow ing of the correct pro letar ian" r evo lu t i onary - l ine .of" Cha i rman Mao . " This, he said, " h i s t o r i c a l l y .guarantees: tha t , -under the-- leadership 'o f t h e Chinese. Commuri ist ' P a r t y headed b y Cha i rman Hua,- Ch ina f emains .and w i l l -a lways r e m a i n red.-" - , . - -

r He cont inued : " T h e analysis w h i c h Cha i rman Mao -made of the p resent ' in t e rna t i ona l s i tua t i on .points:to the

existence o f three w o r l d forces." "Th i s analysis is the resul t of a scienti f ic appl icat ion o f Marx i s t -Len in i s t p r i n ciples and constitutes the most effective weapon for the pro l e ta r ia t and the peoples of the whole w o r l d to define the i r respective r evo lu t i onary strategies and to advance the w o r l d r e v o l u t i o n . "

Comrade Jurque t sa id : - " F o l l o w i n g Cha i rman Mao's direct ive 'grasp • r e vo lu t i on a n d " promote product ion, ' y ou r Par ty , suppor ted by the "masses, is" cont inuing to b u i l d social ism at h i g h speed i n the service of the C h i nese people as w e l l as Of the - p ro le tar ia t and revolu- . t i ona r y people of' the who le wor ld . ' - -

I n .conclusion,"he"said:" " I n all 'these"aspects, w h i c h are inseparable f r o m Marx i sm-Len in i sm and Mao Tsetung T h o u g h t , . t h e Marx is t -Len in is t ' Communists o f France are p ro f ound l y un i t ed , both., po l i t i ca l l y and ideo- . logically., w i t h the Chinese Communist ' Pa r t y . "

..." . A n atmosphere-of revql i i t - ionary- f raterni ty prevailed;-at . the:banquet . - , r ; ;.-::'...':;.'.. '

Comrade K e n g P i a o !ahd others were, a t the a i rpo r t to welcome- t h e de legat ion,when it" a r r i v ed i n Pek ing o n November '18. '" -

Ch ina Success fu l l y 1 Launches"Inotlier '-MmMM®~ [artli Satellite—

Press Gdmrnunique

CH I N A successfully l a u n c h e d . another man-made ' ear th sate l l i te o n December 7, 1976,' under . the

solicitous a t t ent ion and leadership of Cha i rman H u a Kuo- feng , the wise ' l eader and supreme commander of our Pa r t y and our a rmy , and of the Pa r t y Centra l Commi t tee , at a t i m e of j u b i l a t i o n over the great v i c t o r y " i n smashing the p lo t of the Wang-Chang-Chiahg-Yao " gang of f o u r " to usurp the supreme leadership of the Pa r t y and the state.

A H personnel t a k i n g pa r t i n the research, • m a n u facture and launch ing of the satel l i te w o r k e d h a r d to carry out Cha i rman Mao's great cal l " W e too w i l l make man-made satel l i tes," resolutely imp lemented Cha i rman H u a Kuo-feng's i m p o r t a n t i n s t ruc t i on "Be met iculous i n -organizat ion and d i rec t i on , " i nd i gnan t l y exposed and r e pudiated the cr ime of the Wang-Chang-Chiang-Yao an t i - Pa r t y " gang of f o u r " i n i n t e r f e r i ng w i t h and sabotag ing China's endeavours i n space technology. They b rough t f o r t h greater socialist - enthusiasm and creat iv i ty , displayed greater r evo lu t i onary dr ive , w o r k e d seriously and. conscientiously b y a t t end ing to a l l m i n u t e details, un i t ed as one and made concerted efforts, thus achieving complete success i n launch ing the satell i t e . This is a great v i c t o r y for Map Tsetung Thought and yet another f r u i t f u l r esu l t ga ined af ter smashing the Wang-Chang-Chiang-Yao an t i -Pa r t y " gang of four..":

December 10, 1976

. The Cent ra l Commit tee of. the Communis t Pa r t y o f China, the State' Counci l , t h e M i l i t a r y . Commission of the C.P.C; Cent ra l Commit tee extend w a r m congratulat ions to. the workers, 'People 's L ibe ra t i on A r m y commanders and fighters," scienti f ic workers , engineers and technicians, r e vo lu t i onary cadres and m i l i t i a m e n par t i c ipa t i n g I n the research, manufac ture and l aunch ing of the satel l i te and a l l other personnel.concerned. . I t is hoped

" that the comrades, w i l l r a l l y most closely r ound the Pa r t y ' Centra l Commit tee headed by- Cha i rman Hua , persist i n t a k i n g class struggle as the key l i n k , upho ld the Party 's basic l ine , persevere i n cont inu ing the rev o lu t i on under the dictatorship of the pro le tar ia t , con-' scientiously study .works b y M a r x , Engels, L en in and Sta l in and by Cha i rman Mao, thorough ly ' expose and vehement ly repudiate the counter - revo lut ionary crimes

. of the "gang of f ou r , " adhere to the pol icy o f " m a i n t a i n i n g independence and keeping the in i t i a t i v e i n our own hands and r e l y i ng on our o w n ef forts , " wage an arduous straggle, w o r k energetical ly, do away w i t h b l i n d f a i t h and emancipate, the m i n d , sum" up experience, a im h igh and make .new contr ibut ions, i n developing the excellent s i tua t i on i n China's social ist. r e vo lu t i on and socialist construct ion and modern i z ing China's indus t ry , agr icu l ture, ' na t i ona l defence and science and technology. . /

jr. "' '. • ' • (Hsinhua News Agency, December 7) ^

hairman .Hua ' s .Menage . ,A fG re s t i ng s @n F i r s t Ann iversa ry Of Founding of-the- 'People 's Democrat ic Republ ic of Laos •'

Comrade S o u p h a n o u v o n g ,

President of t h e People's Democrat ic Republ ic of Laos and President of t h e Supreme People's Assembly,

.Comrade K a y s o n e P h o m v i h a n e ,

General Secretary of the People's • Revo lut ionary Pa r t y of Laos and Premier

. o f the Government of the People's Democrat ic Republ ic of Laos,

V i en t iane

On behalf of the Communis t P a r t y of Ch ina and the Chinese Government and people, I w i s h to extend our warmest congratulat ions to y o u as w e l l as the People's Revo lut ionary Par ty , the Government and the f r a t e rna l people of Laos on the occasion of the f i r s t anniversary of the f ound ing of the People's Democrat ic Republic of Laos. '

A year ago,,, under the leadership of the People's Revo lut ionary Pa r t y of Laos, the heroic Lao people defeated the react ionary forces at home and abroad and

founded the People's Democrat ic Republ ic , of Laos, advancing the Lao r e vo lu t i on to a new h is tor ica l stage. I n the year since then , they have w o n new victories h i t h e i r s trugg le to consolidate the new regime,, resume produc t i on and develop the na t i ona l economy. The Chinese people great ly rejoice at this and sincerely w i s h the Lao people continuous new and greater successes i n th e i r f u t u r e r e v o lu t i on and construct ion.

China and Laos,are close neighbours, and our ;two peoples have forged a p ro f ound m i l i t a n t f r iendship i n the p ro t rac ted r evo lu t i onary struggle. We are sure that , t h r o u g h the j o i n t e f for ts of our Parties,, Governments and peoples, th is . t r a d i t i o n a l f r i endship between the Chinese a n d Lao peoples w i l l g r ow i n s t rength and cont inuous ly develop.

H u a K u o - f e n g

Cha i rman of the Cent ra l Committee of the Communis t Pa r t y of Ch ina and Premier of the • State Counc i l of the People's Republic

of Ch ina

Peking, December 1, 1976

Comrade Hi l l and W i f e i n China

E.F. H i l l , Cha i rman of the A u s t r a l i a n Communis t P a r t y (Marx i s t -Leninist ) and his w i f e J.A. H i l l a r r i v ed i n Pek ing on December 1 f o r a f r i end l y v is i t t o China at the i n v i t a t i o n of the Centra l Commit tee of the Communis t Pa r t y of China. K e n g Piao, Member of the C.P.C. Cen t ra l Committee and Head of i ts I n t e r n a t i ona l L ia ison Department,- w e l comed t h e m at the a i rpor t .

The f o l l ow ing day, Comrade L i Hsien-nien, Member of the Po l i t i ca l Bureau of the C.P.C. Cent ra l Commit tee , gave a banquet to w a r m l y welcome Comrade H i l l and his w i f e .

Comrades L i Hs ien-nien and E.F. H i l l spoke at the banquet w h i c h was f i l l ed w i t h f r a t e rna l and r e vo lu t i on ary feelings*.

I n his speech, Comrade L i Hs ien-n i en extended, on behalf of Cha i r man Hua Kuo- feng and the C.P.C. Centra l Committee, a w a r m welcome to Comrade H i l l and his w i f e on the i r v i s i t to China.

Comrade L i Hs ien-nien sa id : "The Aus t r a l i an Communis t P a r t y ( M a r x is t -Lenin is t ) , under the leadership of the Cent ra l Commit tee headed . b y Comrade E.F. H i l l , ho lds h i g h the banner of Marx i sm-Len in i sm , exerts i tse l f to combine the un iversa l t r u t h of M a r x i s m - L e n i n i s m w i t h the concrete pract ice of the A u s t r a l i a n r ev o lu t ion , reso lute ly opposes mode rn rev is ion ism and has waged a resolute struggle to defend the r e vo lu t i onary pr inc ip les of M a r x i s m - L e n i n i s m ; i t has w o n i m p o r t a n t v ictor ies i n the struggle against Soviet rev is ionist soc ia l - imper ia l ism and U.S. i m p e r i a l i sm and i n the struggle against domestic monopo ly cap i ta l and to safeguard na t i ona l independence and realize soc ia l ism."

Comrade L i Hs ien-n ien po in ted o u t : " T h e present i n t e rna t i ona l s i tua t i on is excellent. < • -Beset w i t h •: d i f f i cu l t i es bo th at h o m e l a n d abroad, the t w o superpowers, the Soviet U n i o n and the U n i t e d , ; States, are f i n d i n g the go ing . tougher and tougher . The i r r i v a l r y f o r w o r l d hegemony has be

come increasingly intense. The da i ly awaken ing people of the w o r l d , par t i cu l a r l y the t h i r d w o r l d countries and people, are con t inu ing to advance t r i u m p h a n t l y i n the struggle against imper ia l i sm, colonia l ism and hege-monism. The in te rna t i ona l s i tuat ion is developing i n a d i rec t ion favourable to the r evo lu t i onary struggle of the people of var ious countries and unfavourab le to the aggression and expansion by the superpowers."

He said: "Under the leadership of the wise leader Cha i rman H u a K u o -feng, the Chinese people have w o n the great v i c t o r y of shatter ing the p l o t of the ant i -Par ty 'gang of f our ' to usurp Pa r t y and state power. The s i tua t i on at home is excellent. H i g h i n sp ir i ts and strong i n morale, the hundreds of mi l l i ons of people th roughou t the country are. r a l l y i n g most closely r o u n d the Par t y Centra l Commit tee headed b y Cha i rman Hua, ca r r y ing out Cha i rman Mao's behests, t a k i n g class struggle as the key l i n k , keeping to the Party 's basic l ine , persever ing i n cont inued revo lu t ion

6 Peking Revieio, No. 50

. under the d ictatorship of the p ro l e t a r i a t and upho ld ing p ro l e ta r i an in t e rna t i ona l i sm; they are d e t e rm in ed to strengthen the i r u n i t y w i t h the genuine Marx i s t -Len in i s t Parties and organizations the w o r l d over, the people of the t h i r d w o r l d countries and the oppressed nat ions and people of the w o r l d , and carry t h r o u g h to the end the struggle against modern rev is ionism, imper i a l i sm and superpower hegemonism."

I n conclusion, Comrade L i Hs ien-n ien sa id : " O u r two Parties have always supported and l ea rn t f r o m each other i n our common stx-uggle and forged m i l i t a n t f r i endship and r evo lu t i onary u n i t y on the basis of the pr inc ip les of Ma rx i sm-Len in i sm and pro l e ta r i an in te rnat iona l i sm. We are deeply convinced tha t the cur rent v i s i t of Comrade H i l l . and his w i f e w i l l f u r t h e r consolidate and develop the f r i endship and u n i t y of our t w o Part ies . "

I n his speech, Comrade H i l l sa id : " I t is w i t h great pleasure tha t at th i s momentous t i m e we are here i n so-

l\t China represent ing the Commun i s t P a r t y of Aus t r a l i a (Marx i s t -Lenin is t ) . We extend t o y o u and t h r o u g h y o u to Comrade H u a K u o -feng, esteemed Cha i rman of the Cent r a l Commit tee of the Communis t P a r t y of China, to the Centra l Commit tee , t o a l l the Chinese Communists and people warmest r e vo lu t i onary greetings. We t h a n k y o u v e ry m u c h

" for y ou r i n v i t a t i o n to v i s i t China as •guests of your great Pa r t y . "

He sa id : "Especia l ly we welcome the appo intment of Comrade H u a Kuo- f eng as Cha i rman of y o u r Cent r a l Committee, Cha i rman o f the M i l i t a r y Commission and Premier of the State Counci l . We do so the more w a r m l y because his appo in tment was and is on the i n i t i a t i v e of the i m m o r t a l leader and teacher Cha i rman Mao

. Tsetung w h o t r u l y inher i t ed , de fended and developed Marx i sm-Len in i sm .

- " A t the same t ime we h a i l the v i c t o r y over the Wang-Chang-Chiang-STao an t i -Pa r t y group exposed as i t

\ was i n good t i m e by C h a i r m a n M a o himsel f and smashed b y the Cent ra l Commit tee under the leadership of

"Cha i rman Hua. This is a great v ic t o r y fo r the Chinese people and f o r

the r evo lu t i onary peoples of the w o r l d and for the i n t e rna t i ona l communist , movement . We .rejoice w i t h y o u . "

He cont inued: " I n a l l respects Cha i rman Mao's Marx i s t -Len in i s t l i ne is be ing f a i t h f u l l y carr ied out b y the Chinese Communists and people. We are cer ta in tha t under C h a i r m a n Hua's leadership the struggle to consolidate the d ic tatorship of the p ro l e ta r i a t , t o grasp class strugg le as the key l i n k , to enhance the b u i l d i n g of socialism, to adhere f a i t h f u l l y to Cha i rman Mao's p ro l e t a r i an l i ne i n fo re ign pol icy, to. m a i n t a i n w a r m f r a t e rna l re lat ions w i t h a l l genuine Marx i s t - Len in i s t Part ies and groups, w i l l be crowned w i t h s t i l l greater victor ies and be carr ied t h r o u g h to the end . "

H e sa id : " C h a i r m a n Mao's teachings w i l l l i v e f o r ever. He t aught us t h a t the class struggle is to r tuous i n deed and w i l l cont inue t h r o u g h a who l e h is to r i ca l epoch. Unde r his insp i ra t i on , m i l l i ons of Chinese people are im b u ed w i t h M a r x i s m -Len in i sm-Mao Tsetung Thought . They are cer ta in t o produce leaders of great Marx i s t - L en in i s t s ta ture l i k e Cha i rman H u a Kuo- f eng n u r t u r e d b y Cha i rman Mao and to defeat a l l r e v i sionist res torat ion is t a t tempts w h e the r of the 'Le f t ' or the R i g h t . "

I n conclusion, Comrade H i l l sa id : " W e w i s h y o u s t i l l mo r e t r i u m p h a n t successes."

O n December 5, Teng Ying-chao, Member of the Cent ra l Commit t ee of the Communis t Pa r t y of Ch ina and V i ce -Cha i rman of the S tand ing Commi t t ee of the Na t i ona l People's Congress, and Tsao Y i -ou , Member o f the C.P.C. Centra l Commit tee and M e m ber of the S tand ing Commit t ee of the Na t i ona l People's Congress, m e t and h a d a v e r y cord ia l and f r i e n d l y conversat ion w i t h Comrade H i l l and his w i f e .

Delegation o f Commun i s t Pa r t y o f Germany

L i Hsien-nien, Member of the Po l i t i ca l Bu r eau of the Cen t ra l Commi t t e e of the Communis t P a r t y of Ch ina and Vice-Premier of the State

Counci l , on November 28 met and "had a cord ia l and f r i e n d l y conversa-

: t i o n w i t h the Delegat ion of the Commun i s t P a r t y of Germany w i t h Comrade Chr i s t i an Semmler as its leader.

A f t e r the meet ing, Comrade L i Hs ien-n ien gave a banquet i n honour of the German comrades.

Ear l ier , Keng Piao, Member of the C.P.C. Centra l Committee and Head o f the In te rnat i ona l L ia ison Depar tment of the C.P.C. Cent ra l Committee, met and feted the German comrades.

The delegation, on a f r i end ly v i s i t to China between November 8 and 30, t oured Peking, Shaoshan, Chang-sha, A n y u a n , Chingkangshan and other places, and received a w a r m recept ion f r o m leading comrades of the local Pa r t y committees.

Chinese N.P.C. Delegation In K u w a i t

The Delegat ion of the Chinese Na t i ona l People's Congress, w i t h U l a n f u , V i ce -Cha i rman of the N.P.C. S tand ing Committee, and Ch i Peng-fe i , i t s Secretary-General, as head a n d deputy head, pa id a one-week f r i e n d l y v i s i t to K u w a i t f r o m November 22 t o 28. Wherever i t went , the delegation was w a r m l y received b y the K u w a i t i f r iends.

She ikh Jaber A l A h m e d Al-Jabe.r Sabah, A c t i n g E m i r and He i r A p parent of the state of K u w a i t , and K u w a i t i A c t i n g P r ime Min is t e r She ikh Jaber A l A l i A l Salem A l Sabah r e spectively received a l l members o f the delegation and had a cordial t a l k w i t h V i ce -Cha i rman U lan fu .

Saleman A l Dua i j A l Sabah, M i n i s ter of State for Justice and A d m i n i s t r a t i on A f f a i r s of K u w a i t , gave a banquet i n the delegation's honour. I n his we l coming speech, the Min is ter of State sa id : Since the establishment of d ip lomat ic relat ions between our t w o countr ies i n 197.1, our relations i n the econbmic, cu l tu ra l , social and other f ie lds have constantly developed.

(Continued on p. 30.)

December 10, 1976 7

-mm B i l l ,111111

11

I H l l i

l i l l l WmmMmttmm

Chai rman Hua Kuo- feng on the r o s t rum.

THE T h i r d Session of the Stand ing Commit tee o f the F o u r t h Na t i ona l People's Congress of the People's Re-

-publ i c of China was he ld ceremoniously i n the Great :Ha l l of the People i n Pek ing f r o m November 30 to December 2.

Huge colour por t ra i t s of Cha i rman Mao Tsetung and Cha i rman Hua Kuo- f eng hung side by side i n the meet ing ha l l .

A t t end ing the November 30 meet ing were H u a Kuo- feng, Cha i rman of .the. Centra l Commit tee of the

"Communis t Pa r t y of China and Premier of the State : Counci l , and Yeh Chien-y ing , V i ce -Cha i rman of the C.P.C. Cent ra l Commit tee and V ice -Cha i rman of the

. Na t i ona l Committee of the Chinese People's Po l i t i ca l Consultat ive Conference. .

. A m o n g the V ice-Chai rmen of the N.P.G. S tand ing Committee a t t end ing the meet ing were . S o o n g G h i n g L ing , W u Teh, K u o Mo- jo , H s u Hsiang-chien, N i eh

Jung-chen, Chen Y u n , Tan Chen- l in , L i Ching-chuan, Chang. Ting-cherig, U lan fu , Ngapo Ngawang-Jigme, Chou Chien- jen, H s u Teh-heng, H u Chueh-wen, L i Su-wen and Yao L ien-we i .

A lso a t tend ing the . meet ing were L i Hsien-nien, Chen Hsi - l i en , Ch i Teng-kuei , Chen Yung-kue i , W u

,Kue i -hs ien , Wang Chen, Y u Ch iu - l i , K u M u and Sun Chien, Vice-Premiers of the State Counc i l ; Shen Y en -p ing , V i ce -Cha i rman of the C.P.P.C.C. Nat iona l Commi t t ee ; and Chiang Hua , President of the Supreme People's Court .

: Members o f the S tand ing Committee o f the C.P.P.C.C. Na t i ona l Committee were present a t the meet ing . - - - •

A t 3 p .m. i n the a f ternoon of November 30 w h e n Cha i rman H u a Kuo- f eng and other P a r t y and state leaders.entered the meet ing ha l l , they were greeted b y a s t and ing ova t i on and pro longed applause. . . . - ^

V i ce -Cha i rman Soorig Ch ing L ing , who presided over the session, said at the s tar t o f the meet ing : W i t h great j oy , a l l members o f our standing committee w a r m l y welcome the presence a t today's meet ing o f Comrade H u a Kuo- feng , the wise leader o f the who le Par ty , the who le a r m y and the people o f a l l nat ional i t ies th roughou t the country , Cha i rman of the C.P.C. Cent ra l Committee , -Premier of the State Counc i l and Cha i rman of the M i l i t a r y Commission of the C.P.C. Centra l Commi t tee . We w a r m l y welcome the presence o f Vice-C h a i r m a n Y e h Chien-y ing and other leading comrades of the centra l author i t ies . The current session is be ing he ld i n the excel lent s i tua t i on i n w h i c h Comrade H u a Kuo- f eng has been, appointed Cha i rman of the C.P.C. Cent ra l C o m p i t t e e and Cha i rman o f , i t s M i l i t a r y Commiss ion and the p l o t o f the "gang o f f o u r " t o usurp Pa r t y and state power has been smashed. I t is be ing he ld under the sol ic i tous a t t en t i on and leadership of t h e P a r t y Cent ra l Commit tee headed b y our wise leader C h a i r m a n H u a Kuo- feng . H i s presence today is a great encouragement to us. We f i r m l y support the_ P a r t y Cent ra l Commit tee headed b y Cha i rman H u a and t h a n k Cha i rman H u a and the P a r t y Cent ra l Commit tee f r o m the b o t t o m of ou r hearts f o r t h e i r sol icitous a t t en t i on . "

Chairman Hua Proposes Teng Ying-chao For Vice--Chairman of N.P.C. Standing Committee

O n behal f "o f "the C.P.C. Cent ra l Committee , Cha i r m a n - H u a . proposed Comrade Teng Y ing-chao fo r V ice -

Peking Review, No. 50

Cha i rman of the Standing Commit tee of the F o u r t h Na t i ona l People's Congress. He made an explanatory statement.

Cha i rman H u a said: We are happy to attend this session today as we have w o n a great v i c to ry i n smashing the p l o t o f the " gang of f o u r " to usurp supreme Pa r t y and state leadership. On behal f of the Cent ra l Committee of the Chinese Communis t Par ty , I am also happy to submi t to the S tand ing Committee of the Na t i ona l People's Congress for de l iberat ion the nomina t i on of Comrade Teng Ying-chao for V i ce -Cha i rman of the Standing Committee of the current Na t i ona l People's Congress, w h i c h Cha i rman Mao approved before his death.

tit

Hulls

Round after r o u n d of plause greeted his speech.

thunderous ap- M H A m i d w a r m applause, a reso lut ion was

•unanimously adopted at the December . 2 afternoon meet ing endorsing the n o m i n a t i o n of Teng Ying-chao as V ice -Cha i rman of the N.P.C. Standing Committee .

The reso lut ion said: I n accordance w i t h _ the October 21, 1975 proposal of the Cent ra l -Committee of the Communis t Pa r t y of

China, w h i c h Cha i rman Mao approved on • October 22 the same year, the T h i r d Ses-- sion of the Standing Committee-: of the - F o u r t h Na t i ona l People's Congress decides to endorse the nom ina t i on of... Teng

.Ying-chao as V ice -Cha i rman of the Standing Commit tee of the F o u r t h Na t i ona l People's Congress and s u b m i t i t to. the next session of the Na t i ona l People's Congress

" f o r con f i rmat ion .

V ice -Cha i rman Teng Ying-chao spoke at the :meeting.- She said: Shor t l y after we had been p lunged ; into immense gr ie f and anx i e t y b y the loss of our great leader and teacher Cha i rman Mao Tsetung, we were

. greeted by two g ra t i f y ing happy events fo r the people "of a l l nat ional i t ies th roughou t China and for the r e v o l u -. t i ona ry people .of the w o r l d as w e l l : We once, again ,have, i n Cha i rman H u a Kuo- feng , ou r wise leader; the - P a r t y Centra l Commit tee headed by Cha i rman H u a smashed at one stroke the an t i - Pa r t y "gang of f ou r , " w h i c h is a great v i c t o ry of far - reach ing h is tor ic s igni f -

"icance. This f u l l y shows tha t Cha i rman Mao made a : w i s e decision i n choosing his successor. I t a m p l y proves - tha t Cha i rman H u a is o f great p ro l e ta r i an met t l e and -has far-sightedness and tremendous courage and w isdom,

: i s p rompt and resolute i n m a k i n g decisions and handles matters appropriate ly . I t manifests h is ta l en t as a leader

-as w e l l as his revo lut ionary sty le o f w o r k . I hereby - express m y heart fe l t and h i g h esteem and resolute sup

po r t "for Cha i rman H u a Kuo- f eng . " H a v i n g el iminated! the " f our pests," the P a r t y Cent ra l "Committee headed

- b y Cha i rman H u a Kuo- f eng is more"united^ 'and enjoys

Chai rman • H u a Kuo- feng and V ice -Cha i rman Yeh • Chie

higher prestige t h a n ever. I t ' can cer ta in ly carry ou t Cha i rman Mao's behests," push f o r w a r d ' the pro l e tar ian r evo lu t i onary cause i n China pioneered, b y Cha i rman Mao and w i n s t i l l greater"v ictor ies . ' , ""; "

The V ice -Cha i rman sa id : The -work,-the task, assigned me by the P a r t y Cent ra l Commit tee was a p proved by Cha i rman Mao before his death and ex p la ined by Cha i rman H u a h imse l f at this- session. I t has n o w been unan imous ly approved by y o u Comrades after de l iberat ion. I feel, v e r y m u c h honoured -and moved, b u t at the isame t ime I f i n d mysel f no t up t o the honour accorded me." Ye t as a member of the Comm u n i s t Par ty , I should abide b y the decision of the organizat ion and obey the command of the" "leader "and the P a r t y Centra l Committee . Under the leadership of the P a r t y Cent ra l Commit tee headed by_-Chairmah- H u a

: Kuo- feng , I w i l l make concerted e f f o r t s -w i th the other V ice -Cha i rmen and Members of the N.P.C. S tand ing Commit tee to' adhere . to Cha i rman Mao's teachings, be modest and p ruden t and gua rd ' against" c o n c e i t ' a n d rashness, strengthen" the sense of organizat ion and- d is

c i p l i n e , take class struggle as the; 'key l i n k ; step u p . theoret ica l study,' s trengthen uni ty , and m u t u a l help, do -bur. w o r k ' w e l l and serve:the people better. T w i l l cont i n u e - t o - m a k e revo lut ion, : keep to the pr inc ip le of " th ree

December '10, '1976 9

do's and three don ' ts , " adopt a correct a t t i tude towards the Great P ro l e ta r i an C u l t u r a l Revo lut ion , the masses and mysel f , and f i gh t on t i l l m y last brea th .

V ice -Chai rman. Teng Ying-chao's speech received pro longed and w a r m applause.

Vice-Chairman Wu Teh's Speech The session heard a speech b y V ice -

C h a i r m a n W u Teh w a r m l y greet ing Comrade H u a Kuo-feng 's appo intment as Cha i rman o f the C.P.C. Cent ra l Commit tee and Cha i rman of i t s M i l i t a r y Commiss ion and the great v i c t o r y i n smashing the p lo t of t h e "gang o f f o u r " to usurp Par t y and state power. I t was fo l l owed by an enthusiastic discussion of the speech.

I n h is speech, V i ce -Cha i rman W u Teh po in ted out t h a t the session had been convened i n accordance w i t h th e i n s t ruc t i on o f C h a i r m a n H u a and the Pa r t y Cent ra l Committee .

i l l l i i • l l l i

Vice-Cha i rman Soong Ching L i n g pres id ing over the meet ing.

WIBIMm WBIBm

B I B

He said: Over the past m o n t h and more the a r m y m e n and c iv i l ians th roughou t the count ry have been h a i l i n g the appo in tment of Comrade H u a K u o -feng as Cha i rman of the C.P.C. Cent ra l Commit tee and Cha i rman o f the M i l i t a r y Commiss ion o f the C.P.C. Cent ra l Commit tee and w a r m l y ce lebrat ing the great v i c t o r y w h i c h t h e Pa r t y Cent ra l Commit tee headed by Cha i rman H u a Kuo- feng , ca r r y ing out Cha i rman Mao's behests, achieved i n smashing the p l o t of the an t i -Par t y c l ique of Wang Hung -wen , Chang Chun-chiao, Ch iang Ch ing and Yao Wen-yuan to usurp P a r t y and state power. The smashing of t h e "gang of f o u r " is m u c h to the satisfact ion o f the hundreds of m i l l i ons of a r m y m e n and c iv i l ians t h r o u g h o u t the c o u n t r y ; they are v igorous, i n h i g h mora l e and f u l l of confidence i n v i c t o ry . A n excel lent s i tua t i on prevai ls everywhere. •Under the Party 's leadership, a mass . movement to •expose and crit ic ize the counter - revo lut ionary crimes of •the " gang of f o u r " is u n f o l d i n g w i t h great m o m e n t u m . The who l e Par ty , the who l e a r m y and the people o f a l l nat ional i t ies t h r oughou t t h e country are. more un i t ed and the d ictatorship o f the p ro l e ta r ia t i n our count ry . i s more consolidated t h a n ever. The broad masses'.of the people are d isp lay ing great socialist enthusiasm; aajd i n i t i a t i v e , l aunch ing a new upsurge t o . s tudy/wo rks b y Marx,- Engels, L e n i n and S ta l in and b y C h a i r m a n Mao, and t o grasp r evo lu t i on , promote p roduc t i on and other w o r k and preparedness against war . I n s p i r i n g news of victor ies is f l o w i n g i n f r o m a l l f ronts ac ross - the count ry .

V i ce -Cha i rman W u Teh sa id : M a n y ; facts and i r o n c lad evidence have shown tha t W a n g Hung -wen , Chang Chun-Chiao, Ch iang Ch ing and Yab Wen-yuan" w h o

" f o rmed a "gang o f four"- were i n every., way. t y p i c a l representatives o f the bourgeoisie inside the Par ty ,

-Unrepentant 'eapitalist-roaders s t i l l t r a v e l l i n g t h e cap i -- ta l ist r o a d a n d bourgeois conspirators a n d careerists

w h o w o r m e d the i r w a y in to the Par ty . Under the cloak of M a r x i s m , they pract ised rev is ion ism and sp l i t t i sm and engaged i n conspiracies, and t r i e d i n a thousand and one ways t o oppose the P a r t y and d isrupt the a rmy , a n d usurp the supreme leadership o f the P a r t y and t h e state; they betrayed Marx i sm-Len in i sm-Mao Tsetung Thought , betrayed the l ine o f the N i n t h and T e n t h Pa r t y Congresses and pushed a counter-revo lu t i onary rev is ionist l ine , i n a v a i n a t t empt to alter the p ro l e ta r i an character o f our Party," subver t the dictatorship o f the pi 'o letar iat and restore capi ta l ism i n Ch ina and, in t e rna t i ona l l y , discard pro l e ta r ian i n ternat ional ism, a n d cap i tu late t o imper ia l i sm.

He went on t o say: The struggle o f ou r Pa r t y against the a n t i - P a r t y "gang o f f o u r " is a l i fe-and-death struggle be tween the pro l e tar ia t and the. . b o u r geoisie, between social ism and capi ta l ism and be-

' tween ' Ma rx i sm-Len in i sm a n d rev is ion ism. I n essence, - th i s struggle is the con t inua t i on o f the l o n g " struggle -waged b y the Communis! ; Pa r t y o f China" and the b road masses o f . r e vo lu t i onary people under i t s leadership 'against t h e - K u o m i n t a n g reactionaries a n d "the continua'-" t ior i o f the ' class struggle between t h e pro le tar ia t and "the. bourgeoisie. Th is great po l i t i c a l - r e vo lu t i on o f exposing and cr i t i c i z ing the "gang-'of f o u r " is of great i m mediate impor tance and far - reaching h is tor ic s igni f icance b o t h t o China and t h e world'.- ' : • - ;"

V i ce -Cha i rman W u Teh po in ted ou t : I n the l i f e -and-death struggle; between the t w o classes, the t w o roads and the t w o l ines, "the Pa r t y Cent ra l Commit tee headed b y C h a i r m a n H u a Kuo- f eng l ed o u r P a r t y i n shat ter ing the p l o t o f the "gang of f o u r " t o usurp Party , and state power, thus saving the r e vo lu t i on a n d the P a r t y and w i n n i n g the unbounded t r u s t and wholehearted love of

-the. who l e p a r t y , the who le a r m y and the people o f a l l nat iona l i t i es th roughou t the country . - Comrade H u a Kuo- f eng i s t h e successor Cha i rman Mao t r a i n e d and selected^ C h a i r m a n Mao w r o t e . t o Comrade .Hua K u o -

20 Peking Review, No. 50

f eng i n his o w n h a n d w r i t i n g : " W i t h y o u i n charge, I ' m at.ease," showing his.boundless confidence i n .Comrade Hua-: Kuo- feng . Cpmrade , H u a Kuo- f eng is . l o y a l to Marx i sm-Len in i sm-Mao Tsetung Thought , f i r m l y i m plements Cha i rman Mao's p ro l e t a r i an r e vo lu t i ona ry l i ne and. pr inciples a n d policies, a n d has experience. b o t h i n leading overal l w o r k a t county, p re f ec tura l a n d . p r o v i n - . c ial levels and also i n w o r k i n g at the centra l level . He is l oya l ,to the Par ty , selfless, open and. aboveboard, modest and prudent , democratic i n h is sty le of w o r k and unassuming and approachable, ar id i s . good . a t ; u n i t i n g w i t h other comrades t o w o r k together. The whole Par ty , the" who l e a r m y and the people of a l l n a t ional i t ies th roughout the country are over joyed a t once again hav ing , i n Cha i rman H u a Kuo- feng, a wise leader.

He sa id : The shat te r ing of the p l o t ' o f the "gang of f o u r " , to usurp P a r t y and state power is a great v i c to ry . The task at present is t o bo ld l y mobi l i ze the masses, concentrate ,our ef forts on tho rough l y exposing and cr i t i c i z ing the heinous crimes of the " gang o f ' f o u r " po l i t i ca l l y , ideological ly and organizat ional ly , e l iminate t h e i r poisonous inf luence, he ighten our class consciousness and the consciousness of the two - l i n e struggle and raise ou r ab i l i t y to d is t inguish between genuine and sham M a r x i s m i n the course of struggle, persevere i n

' cont inu ing the r e vo lu t i on under th e d ic tatorship of the pro le tar ia t and carry th rough to the end the p ro l e ta r i an revo lu t i onary cause i n China pioneered by C h a i r m a n Mao.

V ice -Cha i rman W u Teh no ted : The essence of the an t i - Pa r t y conspirator ia l activit ies w a n t o n l y carr ied ou t b y the Wang-Chang-Chiang-Yao a n t i - P a r t y c l ique was to usurp supreme Pa r t y and state leadership i n complete be t raya l o f the three basic pr inc ip les as t a u g h t b y Cha i rman Mao — "Pract ise M a r x i s m , and no t rev is ion-

111 •

• I S llllill 11111!

Wmmi

nnn ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ 11111 WMMmmMSMMmM

mm lliliil

f -i S l i i w R i mm

mm mm.

illfiii

WM 1 1 1

C o m r a d e T e n g Y i n g - c h a o (first from left) a t t h e m e e t i n g .

i s m ; un i t e , and don ' t sp l i t ; be open and aboveboard, and don' t i n t r i g u e and conspire. " The " gang of f o u r " h a d quickened the i r steps ' i n ca r r y ing out conspirator ia l act iv i t ies a f te r the T e n t h Na t i ona l Congress of the .Party to real ize the i r w i l d ambit ions.

; V i ce -Cha i rman W u Teh cont inued : To expose and repudiate reso lute ly a n d tho rough l y the t owe r ing crimes of the Wang-Chang-Chiang-Yao an t i - P a r t y cl ique and. the ' counte r - r evo lu t i onary rev is ionist l i ne they pushed is of great importance t o the who le Par ty , t h e who le a r m y and the people of a l l nat iona l i t i es th roughou t the count ry i n c a r r y i n g out Cha i rman Mao's behests, pers is t ing i n c on t i nu ing the r e v o lu t i on under tne d ic tato rsh ip o f the pro le tar ia t , combat ing and prevent ing rev is ion ism and push ing f o r w a r d the socialist r e vo lu t i on and socialist construct ion. I n the course of struggle, we should conscientiously s tudy w o r k s b y M a r x , Engels, L e n i n and S ta l in a n d b y C h a i r m a n Mao and, i n par t i cu lar , t h e theory of the d ictatorship of the pro le tar ia t , a n d study" the series of C h a i r m a n Mao's instruct ions concerning the c r i t i c i sm of the "gang of f ou r , " so tha t w e have t h e weapons a n d enhance ou r understanding . On ly thus can w e m a k e a deep and thoroughgo ing c r i t i c i sm of the "gang of f o u r " and advance along Cha i r m a n Mao's p ro l e ta r i an r evo lu t i onary l ine more consciously. I n our struggle, w e should f u r t h e r consolidate and develop the v ictor ies of : the Great Pro le tar ian C u l t u r a l Revo lut ion , who lehear ted ly suppor t the socialist new th ings and take the i n i t i a t i v e i n res t r i c t ing : b ou r geois r i g h t . I t is necessary to u p h o l d the pr inc ip le of the three- in-one comb ina t i on o f the o ld , the m idd l e -aged and the young , s trengthen and expand the ranks, of t h e n e w emerging forces t h a t meet the f ive r equ i r e men t s f o r successors to th e r e vo lu t i ona ry cause; continue t o do a good j o b i n the r e vo lu t i on i n educat ion, i n l i t e r a t u r e a n d a r t , . i n h e a l t h and med ica l w o r k and i n

science and technology and i n the w o r k o f encouraging edu-

! cated y o u t h to settle i n th e | countrys ide; continue to crit ic ize

Teng Hsiao-p ing and repulse the , | Right- dev iat ionist a t tempt to reverse

correct verdicts. Our cadres a t a l l levels should adopt a correct a t t i tude towards the Great C u l t u r a l Revo lut ion , the masses and ourselves. W e shou ld apply ourselves to th ings C h a i r m a n Mao ins t ruc ted us to do, th ings he approved, and do i t we l l . N o w tha t we have got r i d of sabotage and interference by the " gang of f o u r , " we should, and certa in ly can, do our jobs better.

He added: I n exposing and c r i t i c i z ing the "gang o f f o u r , " we should show a f i r m , clear-cut stand and bo ld l y mobi l i ze the masses. A t - t h e same t ime we should pay a t t ent ion to the Party 's policies w i t h o u t f a i l . We shou ld

mm

l i l l t 111 WmM

ISllil

• December 10, 1976 11

dist inguish between the t w o d i f ferent types of cont rad ic t ions arid handle - t h e m - correct ly. T o w a r d comrades w h o have made mistakes, i n c lud ing those w h o have made serious ones, we shou ld act s t r i c t l y accordi n g to Cha i rman Mao's consistent pr inc ip les " l e a r n f r o m past mistakes to avo id f u t u r e ones and cure the sickness to save the pa t i en t " and "he lp more people b y educat ing t h e m . and na r r ow the target of a t t a ck " so as to b r i n g i n t o p lay a l l posit ive factors and un i t e w i t h a l l those w h o can be un i ted .

He said: : We should cont inue to persist i n t a k i n g class struggle as the key l i n k and grasp r evo lu t i on , promote product ion and other w o r k and preparedness against war . We should adhere to the p r inc ip l e o f b u i l d -

..ing our country independent ly and w i t h the i n i t i a t i v e i n o u r o w n hands, t h r o u g h self-reliance, h a r d struggle, dil igence 'and- t h r i f t , and go a l l out, a i m h i g h and achieve greater, faster, better and more economical results i n b u i l d i n g . socialism. We should continue to deepen the movements to . . learn f r o m Tachir ig i n indus t r y , l e a r n f r o m Tachai i n agr i cu l ture and b u i l d u p Tachai- type counties throughout the count ry . We should redouble, our efforts and make up for the losses caused by the interference- and sabotage of the "gang of f ou r . " We should f o l l ow Cha i rman Mao's consistent teachings and, , f i r s t of a l l , r u n our o w n af fairs, w e l l so as to s t r ive t o make a greater con t r ibu t i on t o - h u m a n i t y . . • .- ' -

. Vice-Chairman^Wu Teh said i n conclusion: The people of a l l nat ional i t ies th roughout -the count ry should, r a l l y most c lose ly ; round t h e . P a r t y Cent ra l Commit tee , headed by Cha i rman Hua Kuo-feng,- consciously u p h o l d t h e u n i t y and un i f i ca t i on of - the . Par ty ; ' defend ' its, democratic central ism, deve lbp r i t s style of w o r k w h i c h essentially entails in t eg ra t ing theory w i t h practice, f o r g ing close l inks" w i t h , the masses and pract is i r ig self-c r i t i c i sm and i ts f ine traditions,"" s t rengthen the sense o f organizat ion and. discipl ine arid, obey the commands o f the Par ty Central Commit tee i n a l l our actions. U n i t e to w i n s t i l l greater v ictor ies !

The session also heard V ice -Cha i rman Ulan fu ' s ac- ' count of the visits to I r a n and K u w a i t by the Delegat ion of the Chinese Na t i ona l People's Congress. V ice -Cha i r m a n U l a n f u sa id : B o t h I r a n arid K u w a i t pa id m u c h a t tent ion to the vis i ts by the delegation. The Shahanshah of I r an and the A c t i n g Emi r of K u w a i t met w i t h the delegation. D u r i n g the meetings, we conveyed C h a i r m a n H u a Kuo-feng's regards to them, who for the i r p a r t asked us to convey the i r regards to Cha i rman H u a af ter our r e t u r n home. H e added: . T h e v is i ts deepened the understanding between the .Chinese people and the peoples of I r an and K u w a i t , f u r t h e r strengthened China's f r i end l y relat ions w i t h the t w o countries and promoted the development of the cause of u n i t y of the t h i r d w o r l d against hegemonism. He po in ted out : Hav ing done

away w i t h inter ference . and sabotage b y the "gang o f f ou r , " we w i l l sure ly 'be able to better carry out Cha i r m a n Mao's behests and f i r m l y imp lement Cha i rman Mao's r evo lu t i onary l ine and policies i n fore ign affairs. U n i t i n g w i t h the i n t e rna t i ona l pro le tar ia t and. the r e v o lu t i ona ry people o f var ious countries, especially the people o f the t h i r d w o r l d , we w i l l surely be able to car ry t h r o u g h t o a v ic tor ious end the struggle against i m - . per ia l i sm, rev is ion ism and reaction, especially the hegem o n i s m pursued b y the two superpowers, the Soviet U n i o n a n d the Un i t ed States.

A t t h e end. of V i ce -Cha i rman Ulanfu 's speech there was w a r m applause by the Standing Committee Members to greet the delegation's success.

A m i d w a r m applause, the session' heard an exp lana tory statement by Vice-Premier L i Hsien-nien on the appo intments and rernovals proposed ' b y Premier H u a Kuo- feng . A decision was unanimously , adopted to appo in t H u a n g H u a M in i s t e r of Fore ign A f fa i r s of. the People's Republ ic o f China and remove Chiao . K u a n -hua f r o m the post of Fore ign M in i s t e r .

Other appointments and removals were also decided on a t the session.

- • The three-day session proceeded under the solicitous a t t en t i on o f -Cha i rman H u a and the P a r t y Centra l Commit tee . More t h a n 60 Members o f the N.P.C. Standing. Commit tee and over 20 Members of. the Standing Commi t tee o f the.C.P.P.C.C. Na t i ona l Committee, spoke.at. g r ou p meetings. -They rev iewed the excellent s i tua t i on a t home and abroad, w a r m l y ha i led Comrade H u a K u o -feng's appo intment as Cha i rman of the C;P.C. Centra l Committee.. and Cha i rman of i ts M i l i t a r y Commission and celebrated the great v i c to ry of the P a r t y Centra l -Commit tee headed by Cha i rman H u a i n smashing at one stroke the p l o t o f the Wang-Chang-Chiang-Yao a n t i - • P a r t y cl ique to usurp P a r t y and state power. They said " t ha t w i t h Comrade H u a Kuo- feng , the successor t ra ined and selected by Cha i rman Mao himsel f , as our leader and w i t h the p lo t o f the "gang o f f o u r " to usurp the Par t y and state power smashed, our revo lu t ionary cause is bound to go f r o m v i c t o r y to v i c t o ry and our country has a b r i g h t f u tu r e .

The session was a po l i t i ca l scene marked b y bo th centra l ism and democracy, bo th discipl ine and freedom and b o t h u n i t y o f w i l l and personal ease of m i n d and liveliness. A l l par t ic ipants were determined, under the leadership of the P a r t y Centra l Committee headed by C h a i r m a n Hua , to do the i r w o r k better i n a l l f ields, fu r the r consolidate the d ictatorship of the pro le tar iat i n China and w i n s t i l l greater v ictor ies i n socialist r e vo lu t i o n and construct ion.

V i ce -Cha i rman Soong Ch ing L i n g spoke at the end of the session.


— A cr i t i c i sm of the ant i -Par ty " g a n g of four'

\h took ant i -empir i c i sm as the " k e y l i n k "

b y H s i e h C h e n g

N the spr ing of 1975 when the' who le Par ty , the who le a r m y and the people of the who le count ry were

b r ing ing about an . upsurge i n s tudy ing the theory of the 'd ic ta torsh ip of the pro le tar ia t i n accordance w i t h an i m p o r t a n t direct ive issued by the great leader and teacher Cha i rman Mao, the " gang of . f o u r " (Wang Hung-wen, Chang Chun-ehiao, Chiang Ch ing and Yao Wen-yuan) suddenly fanned u p the sinister w i n d of vehemently opposing empir ic ism. This" was a counterrevo lut ionary ev i l w i n d against Marx i sm-Len ih i sm-Mao Tsetung Though t arid a conspiracy to usurp Party ' and state power. - • . •

7' A t a meet ing held by P.L.A. un i ts on-March 1, 1875 t o discuss the imp lementa t i on of Cha i rman Mao's i m po r tan t "directive on the question of theory, Chang Ghun-chiad, who had jus t usurped the i m p o r t a n t post o f -D i rec tor of the General Po l i t i ca l Depa r tmen t " o f the Chinese People's L ibe ra t i on A r m y , t a lked at l e n g t h about opposing w h a t he called empir ic ism. He praised to the skies t h e an t i -Par ty art ic le " O n the Social Basis of the L i n Piao A n t i - P a r t y C l ique , " w r i t t e n b y his cohort Yao Wen-yuan to oppose " e m p i r i c i s m . " Chang Ohuri-chiao •demagogically asserted tha t " e m p i r i c i s m . is the m a i n danger at present " and tha t to oppose emp i r i c i sm was a mat ter " o f immediate signif icance." He b l a t a n t l y declared tha t opposing empi r i c i sm should .be " t a k e n as the key l i n k . " Soon af terwards, t ha t bourgeois careerist and conspirator Chiang Ch ing also ferociously condemned empir i c i sm as the m a i n danger, the "accompl ice" of rev is ionism and " t h e f o rmidab l e enemy:a t present." A t the same t ime , the " gang of f o u r " w o r k e d fever ishly to m o u l d pub l i c op in ion for the i r counterrevo lut ionary purposes. They used some.o f the mass riiedia to pub l i sh articles w h i c h bombarded " e m p i r i c i s m " w i t h a whole gamut of charges. •

The great leader Cha i rman Mao saw t h r o u g h a l l th is and p r ompt l y dealt the " gang of f o u r ' s " react ionary fa l lacy a head-on b low. On A p r i l 23, 1975. he w r o t e on a repor t his d irect ive -cr i t ic iz ing- the' Wang-Chang-

Chiang-Yao "gang of f o u r " fo r erroneously regarding empi r i c i sm as the m a i n danger today. Cha i rman Mao po inted p u t : " I t seems, the f o rmu la t i on should be: oppose \m w h i c h includes empir ic ism and dogmat i sm. ' B o t h revise Marx i sm-Len in i sm. D o n ' t 1

m e n t i o n j u s t ' o n e ' w h i l e o m i t t i n g the o ther . " " N o t many-' people i n : o u r Pa r t y real ly ' • k n o w Marx ism-Lenimsnr . Some t h i n k they know , b u t i n fact k n o w ve ry l i t t l e about i t . They consider themselves always i n the r i gh t a n d are ready at a l l t i m e s ' t o lecture others. This i n i tse l f is a mani festat ion of a .latik of knowledge of Ma rx i sm-Len in i sm . " "This i l l u m i n a t i n g statement Of Cha i rman Mao's is a p ro f ound epitome o f the experience of. the-two- l ine , struggle i n th e h is tory of our Par ty and of t h e in t e rna t i ona l communist movement, an i m po r tan t . h istor ic - Marx i s t -Len in i s t - document and a powe r fu l ideological weapon i n the struggle agains_t rev is ionism, i n c lud ing the struggle against bo th emp i r i c i sm and dogmat ism. Cha i rman Mao's direct ive s t r ipped t h e " gang of f o u r " of the i r Marx i s t -Len in i s t cloak, h i t t h e m where i t h u r t and exposed them for pract is ing rev is ion ism and engaging i n intr igues. I t evoked b o t h fear and ha t red f r o m the "gang of f o u r " and they - d i d the i r utmost to prevent the direct ive f r o m be ing k n o w n by others. This f u l l y revealed the i r feebleness: ou twardry ferocious bu t i n wa rd l y weak. -

Revis ionism is the m a i n danger i n the histor ica l pe r i od of socialism — th is is a basic v i ewpo in t of Cha i rman Mao's g rea t ' theory of cont inu ing the r evo lu t i o n unde r the d ic ta torsh ip of the pro letar iat . I n 1957, Cha i rman M a o c lear ly po inted ou t : "One of our current i m p o r t a n t tasks on the ideological f r on t is to un fo ld c r i t i c i sm of rev i s ion ism. " Later, he sa id : " G u a r d against rev is ion ism, and especially i ts emergence i n the. Centra l Commit tee of our P a r t y . " " W h a t w i l l y ou do i f r e v i sionism emerges I n the. Centra l "Committee of our Party? This is h i g h l y probable and i t presents the greatest' danger." ' D u r i n g the Great C u l t u r a l ; Revolut ion, he .again po in ted o u t : The struggle centres on the question

December 10, 1976

of the f i gh t fo r leadership between the pro le tar ia t and the bourgeoisie, " t h e quest ion of whe ther the leadership of the Par t y and state is to be i n the hands of Marx i s ts or of revis ionists." I n accordance w i t h . Cha i rman Mao's directives, the N i n t h and T e n t h Na t i ona l Congresses o f the Chinese Communis t Pa r t y exp l i c i t l y stated t h a t rev is ionism remained the m a i n danger today. A g a i n -in the impor tan t i n s t r u c t i o n , he issued i n December 1974 on the question of theory, Cha i rman Mao made th is incisive statement : " W h y d id L e n i n speak of exercising" dictatorship over the. bourgeoisie? I t is essential to get this question clear. Lack of c l a r i t y on th is quest ion w i l l lead to rev is ion ism." The " gang of f o u r " openly opposed and distorted Cha i rman Mao's directives and energetical ly preached tha t emp i r i c i sm was the m a i n danger today. This was a shameless be t raya l of Cha i r m a n Mao's great theory of con t inu ing the r e vo lu t i on under the d ictatorship of the pro le tar ia t . B y m a k i n g ant i - empi r i c i sm the " k e y l i n k , " Chang Chun-chiao openly opposed Cha i rman Mao's consistent teaching t h a t class struggle should be the key l i n k and negated the Party 's basic l ine . Chang Chun-chiao d id a l l t h i s i n an a t tempt to stamp out the struggle waged b y the p ro l e t a r i a t against the bourgeoisie so tha t he and h is cohorts could have a free hand i n a t tack ing the pro le tar ia t . Th i s rea l l y was most react ionary. s

Cha i rman Mao t augh t us tha t opposing rev is ion ism inc luded opposing empi r i c i sm and dogmat ism. The " gang of f ou r , " w h i c h t a lked about opposing empi r i c i sm, d id no t oppose dogmat ism; they appeared to hate emp i r i c i sm b u t d id not hate dogmat ism. This revealed the i r t rue revis ionist features. -Our P a r t y has su f fe red grave consequences f r o m dogmat ism I n i ts h i s t o ry . There were Wang M i n g and other dogmatists w h o d o m inated our Par t y fo r as l o n g as f our years. They f launted the banner of the Communis t I n t e rna t i ona l to browbeat the Chinese Pa r t y and attacked whoever disagreed w i t h them. As a result , t h e Chinese r e v o l u t i on suffered tremendous losses, los ing 90 per cent of the revo lut ionary base areas and prac t i ca l l y a l l Pa r t y organizations i n the areas under K u o m i n t a n g contro l . This is a h is tor ica l lesson w e mus t never forget . The "gang of f o u r " waved " r ed f lags " to oppose the r ed f lag . They shouted Marx i s t slogans b u t i n r ea l i t y engaged i n counter-revo lut ionary rev is ionist act iv i t ies t h a t d i d great h a r m to the country and the people. L i k e the renegade and t ra i to r Wang M i n g and his k i n d , they a r e jackals f r o m the same la i r .

A l l Marx is ts oppose emp i r i c i sm as a ma t t e r of course. B u t th is is fundamenta l l y d i f f e rent f r o m the "gang of f ou r ' s " opposit ion to " e m p i r i c i s m . " I n the name of opposing empir ic ism, the " gang of f o u r " actua l l y opposed the pract i ca l experience accumulated i n t h e three great r evo lu t i onary movements of class struggle, the struggle fo r p roduc t i on and scienti f ic exper iment . They opposed the v i ewpo in t t h a t pract ice is pr imary , and they opposed t h e mater ia l i s t theory of re f lect ion and Mao Tsetung Thought w h i c h is a n . i n --tegration of the un iversa l t r u t h of Marx i sm-Len in i sm

w i t h the concrete pract ice of r evo lu t i on . The " gang of f o u r " k n e w n o t h i n g about f a rm ing , i n d u s t r i a l p roduc t i on or m i l i t a r y af fa irs . They had no pract ica l r evo lu t i onary experience whatsoever ; they had .experience only i n p l o t t i n g and conspir ing. As Cha i rman Mao po inted out i n his direct ive, they d id not k n o w Marx i sm-Len in i sm at a l l b u t always considered themselves i n the r i g h t and were ready a t a l l t imes to lecture others. They were t yp i ca l subject ive idealists. They shammed oppos i t ion to empi r i c i sm bu t r ea l l y practised ideal ism. The i r a l l -out opposi t ion to empi r i c i sm was of the same s tu f f as L i n Piao's " t h e o r y of genius." Wh i l e L i n Piao a n d company raised the " t h e o r y of gen ius" as the i r an t i -Par ty programme, the "gang of f o u r " dished up the rev is ionist p rogramme of t a k i n g ant i - empi r i c i sm as the " k e y l i n k . " A l t h o u g h the words are d i f ferent , the essence is the same, bo th be ing out-and-out ideal ist apr i o r i sm.

The vic ious a im of the "gang of f o u r ' s " b i g ef forts to make an t i - emp i r i c i sm the " k e y l i n k " was to usurp Pa r t y and state power . W i t h th is as a pretext , they v a i n l y t r i e d to slander a large number of leading comrades of the Par ty , government and a r m y at the centra l and local levels as empir ic ists and v i l i f y a large number of r e vo lu t i onary cadres as bourgeois democrats and capital ist-roaders who , they said, car r i ed on th e i r w o r k w i t h on ly the i r experience to go b y and therefore should a l l be o ve r th rown . I n th is way, they hoped they could replace these lead ing comrades and seize leadership a t a l l levels.

N u r t u r e d b y Mao Tsetung Thought , b o th the ve teran r evo lu t i onary cadres w h o have been steeled i n the flames of pro longed r evo lu t i onary struggles and the y o u n g cadres w h o have emerged i n the Great C u l t u r a l Revo lut ion a n d con form to the requirements for r e v o l u t i ona ry successors are va luable assets of the Pa r t y and the people. One great m e r i t of the veteran revo lu t i onary cadres and young cadres is t ha t they have to v a r y i n g degrees prac t i ca l experience i n the three great r e vo lu t i ona r y movements, and the former , i n par t i cu lar , have f a i r l y r i c h .experiences i n r evo lu t i onary struggles. These experienced cadres stood i n the w a y of the " gang of f o u r " l i k e a n insurmountab le obstacle i n the i r a t t empt to seize P a r t y and state power. This was w h y they h a d an inve te ra te ha t r ed for " e m p i r i c i s m " and wanted to oppose i t so fever ishly .

I t was b y no means fo r tu i tous tha t the "gang of f o u r " chose a meet ing of P.L.A. un i ts as the occasion for ra i s ing a hue and cry against empi r i c i sm and for d ishing u p the sinister programme of t a k i n g ant i - empi r i c i sm as the " k e y l i n k , " c lamour ing tha t " s tudy must be conducted i n connection w i t h these problems i n our a r m y . " I t was. an i m p o r t a n t move i n the i r overa l l counterr e vo lu t i onary p l an to oppose the a r m y and create chaos i n i t so as to usurp f i r s t m i l i t a r y power and then the supreme leadership of the Pa r t y and state. The "gang of f o u r " harboured ^extreme hatred for the Chinese People's L ibe ra t i on A r m y founded and led b y Cha i rman Mao. They sa id : " The a r m y is the most dangerous,"

%4 Peking Review, No, SO

" t h e a r m y is the most d i f f i cu l t to h a n d l e " and " the r e should be a house-cleaning i n th e a r m y , " i n a va in a t -

f' , t empt to create chaos i n the armed forces. They slanderously dismissed the f ine t r ad i t i ons of our a r m y and m i l i t i a ' — - b o t h were fostered personal ly b y Chai r m a n Mao and h a d g r o w n i n s t r eng th i n th e l ong r e vo lu t i ona r y wars — as hangovers f r o m the democrat ic r e vo lu t i onary per iod and were therefore outdated and no longer applicable. They hoped to get r i d of these f ine t rad i t i ons under the pre tex t of opposing empi r i c i sm so as to undermine the b u i l d i n g of our a r m y and m i l i t i a . They spread such nonsense as "specialists r u n the factories and schools" i n the var ious localit ies w h i l e " o l d fe l lows are i n command of the armed forces." W i e l d ing the cudgel of opposing empi r i c i sm, they t r i e d to knock d o w n a large number of h i g h l y experienced, war- tested ve teran cadres o f t h e armed forces and replace t h e m w i t h the i r own people. The i r a i m was to seize m i l i t a r y power, change the n a t u r e of our a r m y and m i l i t i a and t u r n th is s t rong p i l l a r of the pro l e ta r i a t i n t o t h e i r t oo l f o r res tor ing capital ism.

I n m a k i n g an t i - emp i r i c i sm the " k e y l i n k , " t h e " gang of f o u r " d i d no t mere ly i n t end to ove r th row a n u m b e r of leading Party , government and a r m y cadres w i t h pract ica l r evo lu t i onary experience and usurp p a r t of

the leadership. They had far more grandiose ambit ions,

t ha t is, to seize Par ty , a r m y and government leadership.

Pre tending to be v igorous ly against " emp i r i c i sm , " they

w a n t o n l y opposed our great leader Cha i rman Mao, our

esteemed and beloved Premier Chou En- l a i as w e l l as

Comrade H u a Kuo- feng , the successor chosen b y

C h a i r m a n Mao himsel f . Facts have f u l l y exposed the i r

w i l d ambi t ions to usurp supreme leadership of the

Par ty and state.

Cha i rman M a o beat back the sinister t r end s t i r red

up b y the "gang of f o u r " i n 1975- to oppose empir ic ism.

B u t the i r conspirator ia l activit ies to usurp Par ty and

state power never ceased. However, a l l careerists and

conspirators i n the past had come to no good end, and

the " gang of f o u r " was no exception. They d id a l l

k inds of e v i l th ings , h a d no support , at a l l f r o m the

masses and were ex t reme ly isolated and feeble. A t .this

c r i t i ca l po in t in- t h e Chinese r evo lu t i on , the Par ty Cen

t r a l Commit tee headed b y Comrade H u a Kuo- feng took

p r o m p t and resolute measures and smashed at one stroke

the i r counter - revo lut ionary scheme to usurp Par ty and

state power. " M a k e t roub le , f a l l , make t roub le again,

f a i l again. . . t i l l t h e i r d o o m " — th is is the logic of a l l

reactionaries' i n cour t ing t h e i r o w n destruct ion.

Tear Off "Gang of F©urV? "Left ist" Masks

Shanghai Workers Condemn Anti-Party Clique

r p H E an t i - Pa r t y cl ique of Wang. Hung -wen , Chang A Chun-chiao, Ch iang Ch ing and Yao Wen-yuan had

l o n g t r i e d t o t u r n China's- biggest i n d u s t r i a l c i ty Shangh a i i n t o the i r base fo r usurp ing Pa r t y a n d state power b e h i n d t h e backs of Cha i rman Mao, the P a r t y Cent ra l Commit tee and the people of Shanghai. B u t the g igant ic whee l of h is tory has crushed the i r f o n d dream. A n angry t ide i n denouncing the "gang of f o u r " has swept tha t metropol is over the past m o n t h . S tand ing i n the v a n o f the struggle against th is pack o f u l t ra -R igh t i s t s w h o disguised themselves as "Le f t i s ts , " the w o r k i n g class is determined to square accounts w i t h t h e m po l i t i ca l l y , ideologically, organizat ional ly , economical ly and i n m i l i t a r y affairs.

Express ing the i r wholehearted love and respect for C h a i r m a n H u a Kuo- feng , t h e workers of Shanghai sa id: Comrade H u a Kuo- f eng is the successor selected by C h a i r m a n M a o himse l f and has f a i t h f u l l y carr ied out C h a i r m a n Mao's behests. Under h is leadership, the P a r t y Cent ra l Commit tee has crushed the "gang of f ou r , " thus sav ing the r evo lu t i on and the Par t y and aver t ing a b i g disaster f o r the Chinese people. Possessing o u t s tand ing ab i l i t y , r evo lu t i onary boldness and fars ightedness, C h a i r m a n H u a is ou r Party 's w o r t h y leader. Some steelworkers w r o t e these lines pra is ing h i m : "We have Cha i rman H u a and so our steel- l ike country w i l l r ema in r ed f r o m generat ion t o generat ion. "

Workers had l ong seen f o r themselves the perverse actions- of the "gang of f ou r . " They had b i t t e r l y hated the gang and resisted a n d strugg led against i t . As soon as the schemes of t h e "gang of f o u r " to usurp P a r t y a n d state power were exposed, the workers pxtt

December 10, 1976 '15

up ' countless big-character posters and he ld c r i t i c i sm .meetings denouncing th is g a n g . . . .

W i t h great i nd i gna t i on the worke rs condemned the '•ggang of f o u r " f o r persecut ing Cha i rman Mao and f r a m i n g up charges against Premier Chou . . They sa id : Cha i r m a n . Mao. on m a n y : occasions cr i t ic ized the -"gang of l o u r , " , w a r n i n g t h e m : " Y o u ' d better be care ful ; don ' t l e t yourselves become a smal l fact ion of f ou r . " " D o n ' t f o r m factions. Those w h o do so w i l l f a l l . " B u t fa r f r o m mend ing the i r ways, the " gang of f o u r " resented Cha i r m a n Mao's cr i t i c i sm. Last February , Chiang Ch ing d i s -.missed Cha i rman Mao's c r i t i c i sm, saying i t gave her a .""headache." . No t l ong after the death of Cha i rman Mao,-.Chang Chun-chiao gave vent to his ha t r ed for C h a i r m a n Mao and dev i l i sh ly t o l d a cohort, say ing : "We 've been branded t h e ' S h a n g h a i gang'!','

: ' Workers at the Shanghai Machine Tool P lant and . the Shanghai No. 17 State Cot ton M i l l sa id : Cha i rman Mao always t augh t us t h a t rev is ion ism is the m a i n . danger th roughout the h is tor i ca l per iod of social ism. B u t those self-styled "Ma rx i s t - L en in i s t theor is ts , " Chang Chun-chiao and Yao Wen-yuan, last year proc la imed t h a t empi r i c i sm was the m a i n danger at present. The i r a i m was t o o v e r th r ow a large number of experienced leading cadres adher ing t o Cha i rman Mao's r e v o l u t i ona ry l ine . The " gang of f o u r " pract ised rev is ion ism po l i t i ca l l y , ideal ism ideological ly and sectar ianism organizat ional ly . They were indeed jackals f r o m the same l a i r as the renegade Wang M i n g , ch ie f ta in of the oppor tun is t l ine i n the h is tory of our Pa r t y who sty led h imse l f "100 per cent Bo lshev ik . "

Shanghai's workers have exposed how the "gang of f o u r " w o r k e d over t ime to make organizat ional p rep arations for usurp ing Pa r t y and state power. These careerists called for selecting cadres f r o m among those w h o m the "leaders k n o w w e l l , " mean ing those they knew we l l , groomed - the i r - confidants . i n . Shanghai and f o rmed a clique to pursue I h e i r o w n self ish interests. W h e n the Second Plenary -Session of the T e n t h Cent ra l Committee of the . Chinese. Communis t Pa r t y and the Fourth.Nati .Qhal Peopled Congress, were i n session early i n : 1975, w i t h o u t . t h e . k n o w l e d g e of Cha i rman Mao and the Par ty . Centra l Committee, these p lot ters - conspired .

_ancl surrept i t ious ly d rew up . a l i s t , to " f o r m a cabinet" and opposed the respected, and beloved .Premier Chou, i n a va in attempt, to. usurp the supreme leadership of the Par ty and state. .

The workers a lso-brought t o daylight.. .the..ugly.ahd despicable deeds of .the "gang of f our". in . .b l ow ing the i r o w n t rumpets so as to amass po l i t i ca l capi ta l f o r u s u r p i n g Par ty and. state power. The vicious mas t e rm ind of t h e "gang of f o u r " Chang Chun-chiao ins t ruc t ed his hatchet men : i n Shanghai to investigate ' "changes : i n c lass-re

l a t i ons - i n " the - present stage."- -Dancing -to his - tu i i e , . h is accomplices c lamoured . t h a t they w o u l d w r i t e an

' a r t i c l e l i k e ' Cha i rman Mao's Analysis of- the Classes in Chinese- Society, and they even ar rogant ly declared t h a t "Chang Chun-chiao 's . thought " was the " f o u r t h mi les tone" i n the h i s to ry of the development of M a r x i s m and t h a t " C h a n g Chun-chiao has developed M a r x i s m -Len in ism-Mao Tse tung T h o u g h t " and so f o r th . The workers said a n g r i l y : Th is rea l l y is the height of- wi-ld-

•ness and shamelessness i

The " gang of f o u r " even t r i e d to w r i t e a "h is tory of the P a r t y " beh ind the backs of Cha i rman Mao and the P a r t y Cen t ra l Commit tee to. 'monumental ize t h e m selves. Wang H u n g - w e n ordered his men to keep intact his f o rme r office i n the. Shanghai No. 17 State Cotton M i l l a n d -to get people to v i s i t i t and learn f r o m his so-called . " r e vo lu t i ona ry . t r ad i t i ons . " . - He also. i n s t ruc ted tha t . a " chron ic l e o f events of the Great Cu l tu ra l R e v o l u t i on " be w r i t t e n to s ing his praises. Not to be outdone, Ch iang Ch ing sent " r ead ing m a t e r i a l " everywhere a n d dispatched her cohorts t o peddle her ideas i n var ious places, p u t t i n g herself above Cha i rman Mao ancLthe P a r t y Cent ra l Committee . W i t h u l t e r i o r motives, she lav ished praise on the w o m e n rulers i n Chinese h i s t o r y i n an a t t e m p t t o create pub l i c op in ion for herself t o become a "present-day empress."

Workers and cadres at the Shanghai No. 3 Steel P lant , t h e Shanghai Clock and Watch Components Factory a n d m a n y other factories po inted out : The "gang of f o u r " passed themselves o f f as "representatives of the correct l i n e , " "heroes of the Great Cu l tu ra l R e v o l u t i on " a n d "Le f t i s ts . " This is sheer h u m b u g ! I n fact, they w a n t o n l y d is tor ted the na ture of the Great C u l t u r a l Revo lu t i on i n combat ing and prevent ing r e v is ionism. Chang Chun-chiao said the Great Cu l tu ra l Revo lut ion was a imed at " chang ing dynasties." Chiang Ch ing raised the slogan " a t t a ck b y reasoning and defend by fo rce " t o counter Cha i rman Mao's direct ive tha t w h e n there is a debate, " i t should be conducted by reason ing , not b y coercion or force" and provoked armed confl icts between mass organizations ho ld ing di f ferent v iews. The "gang o f f o u r " also spread the react ionary t r e n d of t h o u g h t o f suspecting 'arid ove r th row ing a l l persons i n a u t h o r i t y and label led other people at w i l l as " t y p i c a l capi ta l is t -roaders" and the "bourgeoisie i n the P a r t y , " i n " (an a t t empt .to remove and replace -all

- people i n a u t h o r i t y t a k i n g the socialist road.

I n the movement to crit ic ize L i n Piao and Confu-- cius, the " gang of f o u r " d is t r ibuted " read ing ma t e r i a l " - everywhere, f anned up dissension and t r i ed to create

pub l i c op in ion to wa te r down the cr i t ic ism of L i n Piao and Confucius a n d direct the spearhead of attack against Premier Chou and other leading comrades i n the centra l organs. I n the struggle to crit icize Teng Hsiao-ping and repulse the R i gh t dev iat ionist a t tempt to reverse correct verdicts, they w e n t against Cha i rman Mao's series of

•d i rec t i ves on concentrat ing f i r e on ' cr i t i c i z ing ' Teng -•Hsiao-ping and sang a -di f ferent-tune. . A t Chang C h u n -

chiao's personal ins t ruct ions ; t h e i r cohorts collected,


p r i n t e d and c i rculated large quant i t ies of " i n f o r m a t i o n " about so-called erroneous statements by leading comrades i n the centra l organs. a n d . some provinces and munic ipa l i t ies . Under the p re t ex t of c r i t i c i z ing Teng Hsiao-ping and f e r r e t ing ou t his "agents, " they t r i e d to o ve r th row a large n u m b e r of responsible Par ty , government and a r m y cadres i n the centra l organs and var ious localities, so as to fac i l i ta te the i r t a k i n g power.

Counter ing Cha i rman Mao's directives, concerning m i l i t i a wo rk , the "gang o f f o u r " deceived the m i l i t i a i n Shanghai, v a i n l y t r y i n g to t u r n i t k i t o the i r too l f o r restor ing capita l ism. ' " -

C i t ing numerous sou l - s t i r r ing facts, workers i n Shanghai's l i g h t i ndus t r i a l , t e x t i l e and hand ic ra f t enterprises and housing management and repa i r depar t ments exposed the "gang o f f ou r ' s " decadent and l i c entious bourgeois l i f e . They had -concocted one long ar t ic le after another on res t r i c t ing bourgeois r i g h t and, i n h i g h -sounding language, c laimed they were " o n a par w i t h the worke rs and peasants." B u t the fact is tha t i t is they who abused the i r powers and squandered state wea l th . They were v e r m i n sucking the b lood of the workers and peasants; they were members of the bureaucrat class w h o were extremely hosti le to the worke rs and peasants and they were t yp i ca l representatives of the bourgeoisie i n t h e Party , f iercer t h a n the capitalists.

.. Last year, f o r instance, w h e n Wang Hung - w e n indulged i n extravagant l i v i n g and mer r y -mak ing , i n Shanghai, he spent i n three months a large sum of state f u n d equivalent to more t h a n 30 years' wages of an o rd ina ry worke r . I n Shanghai, Chiang Ch ing f u m e d : " I t is a headache to see w o r k e r s ! " Workers at the Shangha i No. 1 Steel P lant sa id : " W a n g Hung -wen came to 'inspect' our p lan t last year. He refused to go near the open-hearth furnace because of the heat and d i r t . Though only i n his fort ies, th is scoundrel had others, support h i m when he wen t up and down the stairs. W a l k i n g a mere distance of 150 metres, he kep t w ip ing , away his sweat w i t h cold towels f r o m two f ine ly -made thermos f lasks." The workers w r a t h f u l l y said tha t he had long degenerated in to a worker -ar i s tocra t .

I n s t r i k i n g contrast, the workers recalled Cha i rman Mao's inspection tour of the p lant . W a l k i n g r i g h t up to the furnace; he inspected the f i r e th r ough a pa i r o f goggles, shook hands w i t h the workers and cord ia l ly chatted w i t h them. They also r emembered -how the respected and beloved Premier Chou inspected the p lan t f our t imes, wo rked alongside the wo rke r s and ate w i t h them i n the ir canteen. A l l th is made the workers s t i l l more ind ignant at the " gang of f ou r . "

Despite the interference and sabotage by the " gang of f o u r , " Shanghai's w o r k i n g class has m a d e ' great achievements i n socialist construct ion under the g u i d ance of Cha i rman Mao's r evo lu t i onary l ine and w i t h the. help of "various p rov inces ' and munic ipa l i t i es . B u t the "gang of f o u r " shamelessly t o o k . a l l . t h e credi t for.

themselves and used i t as the i r o w n po l i t i ca l capi ta l . As the Shanghai workers po inted out , the "gang o ! four"; were the chief cu lpr i t s i n u n d e r m i n i n g the na t i ona l economy. Wherever they went , they unscrupulously charged people w i t h "re lapsing, in to R i gh t deviat ionist tendencies," " p u t t i n g pro f i t s i n c o m m a n d " and " p r o m o t i n g mate r i a l incent ives , " i n a va in a t t empt to confound r i g h t and w r o n g i n people's mind's, sp l i t the workers ' ranks and cause confusion i n the management of enterprises. On t o p ' o f th is , they sowed discord between Shanghai on the one hand and other provinces and m u nic ipal i t ies and the centra l departments on the. other, so as to a t ta in the i r .purpose of u n d e r m i n i n g feoth r e vo lu t i o n and produc t i on . ....

W i t h the w i p i n g out of the " f o u r pests," the workers i n Shanghai have become more determined i n imp l e men t i ng the general l ine of "go ing a l l out, a iming h i g h and achiev ing greater, faster, better and more economica l results i n b u i l d i n g soc ia l ism" f o rmula ted b y Cha i rman Mao. They are determined to make up f o r the losses caused by the "gang of f o u r . " The city's t o t a l i n d u s t r i a l o u t p u t value i n October was up by 5̂ 5 per cent compared w i t h the same m o n t h last year, h i t t i n g •an a l l - t i r r ie h i gh . Qui te a number of factories and en terprises f u l f i l l e d the i r annua l state plans two months ahead of schedule. To ta l ou tpu t value and steel and ro l l ed steel p roduc t i on i n the city's meta l lurg i ca l i n dus t ry registered increases over those of September.

W o r k e r s i n S h a n g h a i d e n o u n c e t h e " g a n g - o f f o u r . "

December 10, 1976 17

Oil Workers Denounce

'Gang ©f Four"

H P H E M i n i s t r y of Petro leum and Chemical Industr ies A he ld a meet ing i n Pek ing on November 26 to ex

pose and crit ic ize the "gang o f f o u r . " Ten thousand representatives f r o m o i l enterprises a l l over the country t ook par t . Vice-Premiers of the State Counc i l Wang Chen and Y u C h i u - l i attended and addressed the meet ing.

Chen L i eh -m in , F i r s t Deputy Secretary of the Par t y committee of the Taching Oi l f i e ld , was the f i r s t to speak. He said: " The Taching O i l f i e ld is a red ban ner on the indus t r i a l f r on t erected by the great leader Cha i rman Mao himsel f . B u t the L i u Shao-chi a n t i -Par ty cl ique opposed Tach ing ; so d i d the L i n Piao a n t i -Par ty cl ique and the 'gang of four . ' Cha i rman Mao showed great concern fo r Tach ing and issued many i m p o r t a n t ins t ruc t ions on i t s wo rk . I n 19150., h e approved the campaign t o open u p the Taching O i l f ieldi; i n 1964 he issued the cal l ' I n indus t r y , l ea rn f r o m Taching. ' A n d his many instruct ions d u r i n g the Great C u l t u r a l Revo lut ion were a great insp i ra t i on and powe r fu l suppor t to Taching. Our esteemed and beloved Premier Chou acted i n accordance w i t h Cha i rman Mao's ins t ruc tions and went to Taching three t imes, g i v ing the o i l f i e ld his f i r m suppor t . "

He wen t on to- say: " T h a t our country was able to speedily b u i l d the large mode rn Tach ing O i l f i e ld self-r e l i an t l y is because the Taching workers have conscient i ous ly studied C h a i r m a n Mao's w o r k s On Contradiction and On Practice and used Mao Tsetung Thought t o guide the i r actions. The 'gang of four , ' however, spearheaded the i r at tack f i r s t o f a l l at th i s fundamenta l experience of Taching. Chiang Ch ing shr i eked : ' I t ' s a l i e t ha t Taching developed because of s tudy ing On Contradiction and On Practice. I t ' s s imp ly not t rue . ' Chang Chun-chiao said: 'Taching developed because of s tudyi n g On Contradiction and On Practice1? Pooh! ' They falsely charged tha t Taching's r a t i ona l rules and reg ulat ions 'bound the masses hand and foot and were used t o protect the interests o f the rev is ionist overlords. ' They v i l i f i e d Taching's style of w o r k , w h i c h is characterized by str ic t d isc ip l ine and meticulousness, as a 'bourgeois d ic tatorship over the w o r k i n g class.' Chiang Ching ins t ructed Yao Wen-yuan w h o was. i n direct contro l of the news med ia : 'Don ' t pub l i sh any articles about Tach ing and Tachai . I f f o r tact ica l p u r poses y ou w a n t to pub l i sh short i tems about them, insert ' them i n an inconspicuous place.' Chang C h u n -

chiao. fabr icated lies about Taching's famous mode l

w o r k e r Wang Chin-hs i , a l leging tha t Comrade Wang

Chin-hs i 'behaved ve ry bad l y r and was a ' m a n w i t h >

vested interest. ' They also s lung m u d at Tach ing O i l - VfeV

f i e ld cadres who kept to the t r a d i t i o n of w o r k i n g hard ,

saying tha t ' the t yp i ca l feature of the capital ist-roaders

i n Tach ing is they are h a r d - w o r k i n g capital ist-roaders. ' "

Chen L i e h - m i n po inted out tha t the "gang of f o u r "

t r i e d to negate Tach ing b y d isapprov ing of the f i l m

Pioneers w h i c h depicts the construct ion of the o i l f i e ld .

They directed the i r attack at Cha i rman Mao and his

revo lu t i onary l ine and t r i e d to ove r throw Premier Chou

and a large n u m b e r of other leading cadres of the Party ,

the government and the a r m y among the central a u

thor i t i e s and i n var ious "localities so as to realize the i r

c r i m i n a l scheme to usurp supreme leadership o f the

Pa r t y and state and restore capita l ism.

He added: The " gang of f o u r " con-fused the es

sential differences between socialist rules and regula

t ions and capital ist ones w h i c h are a imed at contro l l ing ,

checking and suppressing the workers , and t r i ed to w h i p

up anarchism. Whoever observed the regulat ions was

mal igned by t h e m as w o r k i n g l ike a "s lave." The i r

a im was to paralyse the enterprises and b r i n g produc

t i o n to a stop. However , the more the "gang of f o u r " /\

resorted t o h igh-handed tactics, the stronger was the

Tach ing worke r s ' resistance. When they spread the

fa l lacy " D o n ' t produce f o r the erroneous, l i n e , " the

workers i n Taching- raised the s logan: " I t is r i gh t , m e r i

tor ious and g lor ious to w o r k h a r d i n b u i l d i n g socialism.

We have w o r k e d h a r d and w i l l w o r k harder s t i l l . " He

said t h e Tach ing workers always ho ld tha t socialism

comes out of d i l i gent w o r k and tha t t o be id l e is not

M a r x i s m - L e n i n i s m i n the least. Since the Great C u l

t u r a l Revo lu t i on began i n 1966, Taching's output has

increased s ix fo ld , and a s t i l l h igher target now has been

set.

Representatives of other o i l enterprises took the

f l oor one af ter another. Then, V ice-Minis ter o f

Pe t ro l eum and Chemical Industr ies Sung Chen-min

made a speech.

He sa id : Before his passing, Cha i rman Mao select

ed Comrade H u a Kuo- f eng to be our Party 's leader and

his successor. Practice i n the revo lu t i onary struggles

has proved tha t C h a i r m a n H u a is a w o r t h y pro le tar ian

leader. Cha i rman H u a is ve ry m u c h concerned about

the pe t ro l eum and chemical industr ies and his many ' . ;

ins t ruct ions are a beacon l i g h t g u i d i n g t h e o i l worke rs

and staff i n the i r march f o r w a r d along C h a i r m a n Mao's

r e vo lu t i onary l ine .

18 Peking Review, No. 50'

He said t ha t the an t i -Pa r t y " gang of f o u r , " self-sty led " comrades- in -arms" and " s tuden ts " of Cha i rman Mao, ac tua l l y opposed and persecuted Cha i rman Mao and are the common enemies o f the people. The s t r u g gle between us and the " gang of f o u r , " he po in ted out, is a l i fe-and-death struggle between the pro l e tar ia t and the bourgeoisie, a cont inuat i on of the struggle b y the Communist Pa r t y against the K u o m i n t a n g and a con

t i n u a t i o n of the struggle against the L i n Piao an t i -Pa r t y cl ique. We mus t b r i n g the socialist enthusiasm and creativeness of the o i l workers and staf f i n the i r h u n dreds o f thousands i n t o f u l l p l ay b y exposing and c r i t i c iz ing the "gang of f o u r " and, under the leadership of the Pa r t y Cent ra l Commit tee headed by Cha i rman H u a ; earnest ly l earn f r o m Tach ing and hasten the development of the o i l i ndus t r y .

Sinkiang's New Look (i

j | | Minority Cadres

by Our Correspondents Tien San-song and Kjuo Pi-bung

This is the last of three reports on Sirikiang. The

first two -appeared in issues No.. 43 and 47. — ' E d .

T H E v i c t o r y o f China's r e vo lu t i on has opened u p broad vistas f o r the g r o w t h of na t i ona l m i n o r i t y

cadres. Since the f ound ing o f New -China, a g r o w i n g number of na t i ona l minor i t i es have become lead ing cadres at var ious levels, f r o m the centra l t o loca l a u thor i t ies . W h i l e i n 'S inkiang U i g h u r Autonomous Region, we met several leading -comrades o n separate occasions. They we r e : Sa i fudm (Uighur ) , A l t e rna te Member of the Po l i t i ca l Bu r eau of the Centra l Commi t t ee o f the Commun is t Pa r t y of-China, V i ce -Cha i rman of t h e 'Standing Commi t t ee of the N a t i o n a l People's Congress, F i r s t Secretary o f the S ink iang U i g h u r A u tonomous Regional Committee of the Chinese C o m m u n i s t Par ty and cha i rman of the reg ional r e v o lu t i on a r y committee ; I smay i l A y m a t (U ighur ) , Member o f the -C.P:'C. Cent ra l Committee, Secretary of the S ink iang U i g h u r Autonomous Regional Commit tee of the Chinese Communis t Pa r t y and v ice-chairman of the reg iona l r evo lu t i onary committee.; Janab i l .(Kazakh), A l t e rna te Member of the CJ? C. Centra l Committee, F i r s t Secret a r y of the Par t y Committee o f the H i Autonomous Pre fecture of Kazakh Nat i ona l i t y and cha i rman of the autonomous prefecture r evo lu t i onary committee. A l l were brought u p i n then- respective localit ies. Since the beg inning of the Great Pro le tar ian C u l t u r a l Revo lut ion , a larger number of outs tanding m i n o r i t y y o u t h a n d women of worker , poor and lower -midd l e peasant (or herdsman) o r i g in have been selected and placed i n t h e leading bodies at var ious levels o f the three- in-one combinat ions of the o ld , the middle-aged and the young.

I n westernmost Kezlesu Autonomous Prefecture o f Kha lkhas Nat iona l i t y , a l l the cha i rmen of t h e r e v o l u t i ona r y committees at the prefecture, county and c o m mune levels are m i n o r i t y eadres. Of the r evo lu t i onary

December 10, 1976

commit tee members at these i h r e e levels, over -'85 jp.ee cent are na t i ona l m inor i t i e s .

Active Training

W h y do the m i n o r i t y na t i ona l i t y cadres mature -so rap id l y? Wh i l e we were I n A r t u s h , capi ta l of the au tonomous prefecture, pre fecture revo lu t i onary commit tee cha i rman Ta i e rh M a i m a i t i l i (Khalkhas) t o l d us :

W h e n the react ionary K u o m i n t a n g government r u l e d the area, i t carr ied out a po l i cy of na t i ona l op pression, deny ing t h a t we w e r e a na t i ona l i t y . We were depr ived o f the r i g h t t o be th e masters of the country . The Chinese Communis t P a r t y holds t ha t a i l the n a t i o n alities, b i g or smal l , are equal, and the pol icy of reg ional na t i ona l autonomy should be exercised and m i n o r i t y na t i o n a l i t y cadres should be t ra ined vigorously. Cha i rman Mao, the great leader of the people of a l l nat ional i t ies i n China, inc is ive ly po inted out soon after the f ound ing of N ew China : " W i t h o u t a large number of comm u n i s t cadres of m i n o r i t y nat ional i t ies, i t w o u l d be i m possible to solve the nat iona l p rob lem thorough ly and to isolate the m i n o r i t y na t i ona l i t y reactionaries comp le te l y . " A f t e rwards , the cent ra l au thor i t y set f o r t h the po l i cy c f " t r a i n i n g nat iona l m i n o r i t y cadres w ide l y and i n b i g numbers . " The m a t u r i n g of nat iona l m i n o r i t y cadres i n our prefecture, is the resul t o f the imp l ementa t i on o f the Party 's pol icy on national it ies •under the guidance o f Cha i rman Mao's revo lut ionary l ine .

T r a i n i n g m i n o r i t y na t i ona l i t y cadres is a task decided upon i n l ine w i t h t h e general h istor ica l task of pro le tar i a n r e vo lu t i on a n d pro l e ta r i an dictatorship. The nat i ona l quest ion is a pa r t of t h e general quest ion of the pro l e ta r ian revo lu t ion , a par t o f the question of the dic tatorship o f the pro le tar ia t . Dwe l l i n g upon th is subject, Cha i rman Ta i e rh cited the example of h is prefecture. ( ' !

' V

F~ Fo r a long t ime before l ibe ra t i on , the area under the ju r i sd i c t i on of the. autonomous prefecture was oppressed by imper i a l i sm and the K u o m i n t a n g react ion-_aries and cruel ly explo i ted by Kha lkhas landlords and herd-owners. . I t was extremely backward po l i t i ca l l y , economically and • cu l tu ra l l y . .There was no indus t r y .to speak of. Goat .horns and wooden ploughs were used to p lough the l and . A t the mercy of nature , the herdsmen led a nomadic l i fe . Near ly a l l the animals and land were i n the hands of the herd-owners and the landlords. On ly a f ew of the people had schooling. As medica l care was scarce, measles took 45 chi ldren's l ives in . a vi l lage o f less than 80 famil ies i n Uchia County i n 1945.

Since l ibera t ion , cadres have been needed to w ipe o u t the remnants of the react ionary forces, establish people's po l i t i c a l . power, consolidate, the d ic tatorsh ip of the pro le tar ia t , t r ans f o rm the backward economy and b u i l d socialism. They are also indispensable fo r adher ing to cont inued r e vo lu t i on under the ...proleta r i an dictatorship, as w e l l as developing cu l ture , edi ir cation, publ ic hea l th and other wo rk . . This w o r k can- . no t be accomplished i f we re ly solely on .cadres , f r om the outside. I t is necessary to t r a i n cadres f r o m among

•local w o r k i n g people who are determined to f i gh t for comitounisin.u. • • . ••z\:';:.ix-y.inr. bivfs ^nr-.^.'JL-

S'tm. more i m p o r t a n t is tha t the p ro l e t a r i a t ' 'who takes the l ibera t ion of a l l " 'mank ind as i ts o w n task "Is conf ident tha t w o r k i n g people o f ' d i f f e r en t nat ional i t ies

-can l i b e r a t e themselves-and tha t they ' can manage the i r o w n affairs we l l . For- instance, i n ' the " Ke z l e su ' A u tonomous 'Prefecture of Kha lkhas - 'Na t i ona l i t y , 7 the revo lut ionary m i n o r i t y cadres have close contacts w i t h the - loca l people and are eager and active i n socialist r evo lu t i on and const ruc t ion . , They . are- famil iar- w i t h the conditions of the i r , n a t i o n a l i t i e s — t h e i r histories, languages, customs and habits . I t is evident t ha t the emergence of a lai*ge number , of communis t -minded m i n o r i t y na t i ona l i t y cadres is an i m p o r t a n t guarantee fo r strengthening Par ty leadership to the nat iona l minor i t i es and developing the. po l i t i ca l , economic, and cu l tu ra l undertakings i n the m i n o r i t y areas; i t is also a key to strengthening nat iona l un i t y , safeguarding u n i f icat ion of the mother land, consol idat ing the d ictatorship of the -proletariat and thorough ly so lv ing the na t i ona l question.

Can the help of other na t i ona l i t y cadres be dispensed w i t h i n t r a i n i n g local na t i ona l i t y cadres? Of course not . Rev iewing the i r o w n g r o w t h , - many Kha lkhas cadres said they deeply appreciated the w a r m help and revo lut ionary f r i endship of the Han , U i g h u r and .oil ier na t i ona l i t y cadres. Cha i rman Ta i e rh - said: "Ch ina is a u n i t a r y m u l t i - n a t i o n a l i t y state. M u t u a l help and support among nat ional i t ies is an i m p o r t a n t condit ion for bu i l d ing and safeguarding our. great socialist mother land. Hav ing been steeled i n the r e vo lu t i o n over a long per iod, many H a n cadres have a h igher theoret ical level o f Marx i sm-Len in i sm-Mao Tsetung Thought .and r icher experience i n r evo lu t i onary strugg le .than .the nat iona l m i n o r i t y cadres. The i r he lp and "support is very i m p o r t a n t t o the m a t u r i n g of the

Kha lkhas • cadres and t o the development of the pre fecture's socialist unde r tak ings . "

This is exact ly the s i t u a t i o n - i n th is prefecture. I n add i t i on t o the Kha lkhas cadres, there are Han , U i ghur , Kazakh and H u i cadres. Gu ided b y M a r x i s m and r a l l y i n g closely r o u n d the un i f i e d leadership o f the Chinese Communis t Par ty , they are f i g h t i n g at the mother land 's ant i - rev is ion is t outpost f o r a common revo lu t i onary goal.

<Come Forward in Mass Struggles

C h a i r m a n Mao po inted ou t : "Successors to the revo lu t i onary cause of the pro le tar ia t come f o rwa rd i n mass struggles and are tempered i n the great storms of r e v o l u t i o n . " I n the last 20 years o f so, a group o f f ine na t i ona l m i n o r i t y cadres has come to the fore i n the Kezlesu Autonomous Prefecture of Kha lkhas : N a t i o n a l i t y after every b i g revo lu t ionary mass movement. N u r t u r i n g activists steeled i n the revo lu t ion ' f r o m among t h e workers and poor and l ower -midd le peasants (herdsmen) is the m a i n way of our Pa r t y i n b r i ng ing u p . m i n o r i t y cadres. ' O f the more than 30 leading cadres of Kha lkhas na t i ona l i t y at prefecture and county levels i n the autonomous prefecture, most are f r o m fami l i es - o f workers or poor and l ower -midd l e peasants (herdsmen.-)-The vast m a j o r i t y have been tempered i n the po l i t i ca l movements since l i be ra t i on , especially the Great Proletarian"; C u l t u r a l Revo lut ion , and have played an active pa r t i n socialist r e vo lu t i on and construct ion.

We ..visited a Kha lkhas w o m a n cadre, N ishahan. T u r d i , who is president of the prefecture's people's court . W h e n she was a . l i t t l e ; g i r l before l i be ra t i on she tended catt le for a*, herd-owner ; even today, she carries the.scars of the owner's w h i p . . Since spr ing .1.950 when a w o r k t eam was sent b y the Pa r t y to her native, place on the Pami r Plateau, she has got to k n o w some r e vo lu t i ona ry pr inciples . She became aware tha t i t was not huta (meaning god i n the Kha lkhas language) w h o . d e cided tha t the herdsmen should be poor and the h e r d -owners r i c h . The herdsmen's pover ty was due to the crue l oppression by the exp lo i t ing classes and the poor mus t make r e vo lu t i on i f they w a n t l ibera t ion .

L i k e a beacon, Marx i sm-Len in i sm-Mao Tsetung Though t i l l u m i n a t e d th is young herdswoman's pa th . She "joined the r e vo lu t i on w i t h b u r n i n g enthusiasm and later became cha i rman, o f the -county ./women's federat i on . ' Together w i t h the cadres of the w o r k team, she mobi l i zed the masses and established r u r a l people's po l i t i c a l power , s t rugg led against the v i l la inous despots and carr ied out democratic r e f o rm. Recal l ing her past 'experience, she sa id : " i n those days, I crossed several mounta ins on horseback .every day to do propaganda among the herdsmen .and organize t h e m t o "struggle against the reac t ionary ; classes. I fe l t I had : . in f in i t e s t r eng th and was f i l l ed w i t h the happiness o f hav ing been emancipated. " / -'•".'.

• - I n 1953 w h e n th is f o rmer slave who had been at the mercy of others was admi t t ed i n t o the Chinese Com-

20 Peking Review/ No. 50

munis t P a r t y af ter go ing through ; tests i n struggles, she. pledged i n tears: I w i l l devote a l l , m y l i f e t o the l i b e ra t i on o f the explo i ted and oppressed people o f the who le

i ^ / country and the who le w o r l d , and t o the complete abo l i t i o n o f the system of exp lo i t a t i on o f m a n b y m a n over the globe and the rea l i zat ion of communism.

N ishahan became cha i rman of the women's federat i o n of Uchia County i n 1955. Cent r ing on ag r i cu l t u r a l co-operation and other issues at t h a t t ime , the struggle between the two classes, t w o roads and two lines w i t h i n the . Pa r t y and th roughou t China was ex-

. t reme ly acute. ' A t tha t c r i t i ca l moment , she f i r m l y r e sponded to Cha i rman Mao's cal l and called on her re la tives and fr iends t o . t a k e , the lead i n j o i n i n g the cooperatives wh i l e she herself act ively par t i c ipated i n the leadership o f the co-operative movement i n the pastora l areas. I n a shor t t ime an a n i m a l husbandry producers ' co-operative was set u p i n her nat ive place, the f i r s t of i ts k i n d i n southern S ink iang . •

The n e x t . year, she. was . t rans fer red b y the P a r t y organizat ion to. assume the post of vice-head of the county. . This was unprecedented i n the Kha lkhas area since i n pre - l ibera t ion days there not even one Kha lkhas w o m a n was a p r i m a r y school teacher." W h e n the local people congratulated her, she sa id : - " I ' m a w o r k e r -peasant cadre t ra ined b y the P a r t y and I w i l l devote a l l m y l i f e t o serv ing the worker-peasant masses." She l i v ed up. to her words, go ing f r equent l y to ' the pastora l areas fo r heart - to-heart ta lks w i t h the herdsmen and

' K J l ^ e i r i n g to t he i r opinions. Together w i t h the workers , she set u p a smal l i r on-sme l t ing factory on the Pami r Plateau. When the na t i ona l spl i t t is ts attacked the P a r t y i n 1957, she re futed t h e m b y reasoning to safeguard n a t i ona l un i f i ca t i on and so l idar i ty . Assiduously s tudy ing works by M a r x , Engels, L en in and S ta l in and Cha i rman Mao's works at tha t t ime , she was able to d is t inguish theoret ica l ly the M a r x i s t v i ew f r o m the bourgeois v i ew

T a l i f u " T a w u t i (fourth from right) d i s c u s s i n g t h e o r y o f d i c t a t o r s h i p o f t h e p r o l e t a r i a t w i t h , m e m b e r s o f t h e P a r t y b r a n c h . .

on .nationalit ies and came to realize t ha t class s t rugg le was the essence of the na t i ona l question.

Tempered i n the flames of r evo lu t i onary struggles, th is poor herdswoman grew wiser a f ter s tudy ing M a r x ist theories. I n the ear ly 60s, she was sh i f t ed f r o m the county t o the prefecture, f i r s t as a lead ing cadre i n the prefecture's women's federat ion and t h e n i n the p re fecture's bureau of cu l ture and education. She soon was elected president o f the prefecture people's court.

Nishahan's r e vo lu t i onary consciousness has become h igher since the Great C u l t u r a l Revo lut ion began. She sa id : "Be fore l i be ra t i on , I had no idea w h a t classes a n d class struggle were and I was a v i c t i m of the h e r d -owner 's exp lo i t a t i on . Though I la ter came t o k n o w h o w to d i f f e rent ia te classes and w h y class struggle was necessary, I s t i l l wasn ' t clear about- the law. govern ing class struggle and the characteristics of class, s trugg le i n the socialist per iod. The Great Pro le tar ian C u l t u r a l Revo lu t i on and the s tudy o f the theo ry of the d ic ta tor ship of the pro l e ta r ia t have enabled me to get a deeper unders tand ing of these questions. A n d I ' m more determ ined to cont inue the r evo lu t i on under the d ic ta torsh ip of the p ro l e t a r i a t . " ... -

S t u d y i n g and i m p r o v i n g i n the course of s t rugg le—-th is is the p a t h on w h i c h Nishahan and many na t i ona l m i n o r i t y cadres have g r o w n up. To accelerate t h e i r - i m provement , Pa r t y organizations at var ious levels, o f course, t ake m a n y effective measures such as r u n n i n g s tudy classes, sending t h e m to s tudy i n Pa r t y schools a t var ious levels and a r rang ing . f o r t h e m to v i s i t advanced; areas and un i t s . N ishahan has attended s tudy classes, s tudied i n P a r t y schools r u n by the autonomous pre-: fecture and. the " autonomous region, and spent three years i n . t h e Pek ing Centra l I ns t i tu t e f o r Nat ional i t ies. She has tw ice made t r i p s -to v i s i t many places i n China.. Undoubted ly , act iv i t ies l i k e ' these have great ly helped

. . ' to enhance t h e revo lu t i onary capabi l it ies of the m i n o r i t y cadres. • -- -

, Forerunners of the Revolution

Revo lut ion has tempered thousands upon thousands of m i n o r i t y na t i ona l i t y cadres w h o i n t u r n have pushed ahead the qause o f the pro l e ta r ian r evo lu t i on .

I n the " T u r f ah Depression, k n o w n as the "vo lcano" and " w i n d house," the U i g h u r cadre Ruz i T u r d i , cha i rman of

" the Revo lut ionary Committee of T u r f a n Prefecture, is w ide l y praised f o r h is heroic deeds. For more t h a n 20 years he has persisted i n t a k i n g class struggle as the key l i n k and led the masses t o b u i l d shelter belts t o check sandstorm, and d ig ditches in" the desert; as a result the water o f . .melt ing snow has been d iver ted f r o m the T ienshan Mounta ins fo r i r r i g a t i on .


i i » § l l

R u z i T u r e l i (ce ix fre ) w o r k i n g w i t h c o m m u n e m e m b e r s .

When a severe snowsto rm h i t the Poszutant ieh-l iehke Commune i n the t o w e r i n g mounta ins of the Pamir Plateau, Pa r t y committee secretary Su la iman (Khalkhas) educated the commune members w i t h Mao Tsetung Thought , and they re l ied on th e i r o w n ef forts b y tak ing . the Tachai P roduc t i on Br igade as an example. A f t e r three years, the commune's g r a i n p roduc t i on h a d increased b y 2.5 t imes and the commune members ' l i v e l ihood was great ly improved . The loca l people cal l Su la iman " o u r good secretary."

! Wh i l e i n the Paotzuhung No. 15 Produc t i on Br igade at the west end of the Tak l a M a k a n Desert, we met a U i ghur cadre dressed i n peasant's c lo th ing. Son of a f a r m labourer, T a l i f u T a w u t i had tended catt le f o r a l and lo rd at the age of six. His ch i ldhood was one of constant hunger and cold. Soon a f ter l i be ra t i on , together w i t h the poor peasants of var ious nat ional i t ies , he waged struggles against the landlords and d i v ided the i r l and among the peasants. W h e n Cha i rman Mao issued the cal l "Ge t organized," he took the lead and set up the. f i r s t m u t u a l - a i d t eam i n Paotzuhung. Later an ag r i cu l tu ra l co-operative and a people's commune were successively f o rmed under his leadership. The5 r

have steadily advanced along the broad road of socialism.

B u t the p a t h of r e vo lu t i on was no t a l l smooth-sai l ing. When the e v i l w i n d of s lashing co-operatives fanned up by L i u Shao-chi swept Paotzuhung, class enemies i n the v i l lage threatened T a l i f u w i t h a dagger, saying: "G i ve the order and dissolve the co-op, o therwise y o u ' l l be k i l l e d ! " B u t he s te rn ly declared: i l Y o u can k i l l me, bu t the co-op mus t not be dissolved."

' When L i u Shao-chi again s t i r r ed u p a n adverse cur rent to restore capi ta l ism i n 1961, t h e class enemies i n Tal i fu 's v i l lage raged: "Co l l ec t i v i za t i on has fa i led , i nd i v i dua l f a r m i n g is be t t e r . " He ra l l i ed the poor and lower-midd le peasants and repeatedly publ ic ized Cha i r man Mao's teachings: "People's communes a r e - f i n e "

and " o n l y socialism can save Ch ina . " As a result , the peasants became more de termined to take the socialist road. W i t h the socialist collect ive economy becoming more consolidated, p r oduc t i on wen t u p steadi ly, .i

Paotzuhung means " b a r r e n " i n U ighur . Here the weather was harsh, w i t h frequent sandstorms. U n d u l a t i n g dunes and numerous gul l ies spread over the v i l lage. Susceptible to d rought and water logg ing, t h e 800 hectares of heav i l y sal inized l a n d were carved in t o 10,000 t i n y plots. I n pre - l ibe ra t i on days, poor peasants h a d to l i v e o n mulberr ies , apricots and oleasters because g r a i n was scarce. Though g ra in p r o duc t i on increased every year since l ibera t ion , i t d i d n ' t go up v e r y m u c h before the Great C u l t u r a l Revo lut ion .

W h e n Cha i rman Mao issued the cal l ' • " I n agr icul ture , l earn f r o m Tacha i " I n 1964,

T a l i f u responded to i t immedia te ly . He made u p h is m i n d t o lead the masses to

p u t p ro l e ta r i an pol i t ics i n command, r e l y on the i r o w n ef forts and w o r k hard , so as to give the i r nat ive place a n e w look, l i k e the Tachai P roduc t i on Br igade had done. D u r i n g the C u l t u r a l Revo lut ion, T a l i f u and other commune members overcame, sabotage b y the class enemies and countless d i f f i cul t ies w i t h no th ing b u t a kantuman (a k i n d of shovel) a n d the i r t w o hands i n a r e vo lu t i ona ry and death-defy ing sp i r i t . The i r efforts were r ewarded b y a n e t w o r k of i r r i g a t i o n ditches t h a t b rough t an end to sp r ing d rought and a u t u m n wate r l ogg ing ; the sand dunes were level led and gullies f i l l ed i n ; the 10,000 sma l l plots were t rans formed in to 40 nea t l y l a idou t f i e lds ; they even p lanted 600,000 trees and 36 k i lometres of shelter belts on the heav i l y saline l and , thereby checking sandstorms.

These successes encouraged the masses of the commune members as w e l l as pushed up f a r m produc t i on t o a great extent . Today's per-hectare g r a in y i e ld is e ight t imes t h a t o f p re - l ibe ra t i on days.

T a l i f u h imse l f has also ma tured i n the course of the struggles. Once a cadre i n his p roduc t i on brigade, he was chosen v ice -cha i rman of the revo lu t ionary commi t tee of the Kashgar Prefecture w i t h a popu la t i on of 2.2 m i l l i o n . '

What 's to be done w h e n one is confronted b y success? T a l i f u said to us : " The success w e have w o n is on ly the f i r s t step i n a 10,000 K l ong march . To ma t e r i a l ize the lo f t iest idea l o f us Par t y members — the abo l i t i o n o f a l l e xp l o i t i ng classes and the real izat ion of comm u n i s m t h r o u g h o u t the w o r l d — we must persevere i n con t inu ing the r e vo lu t i on under the dictatorship of the pro le tar ia t and str ive t o w i n f resh v ic tor ies . "

I n S ink iang we saw countless m i n o r i t y nat iona l i ty cadres l i k e T a l i f u T a w u t i , f u l l y confident tha t comtiru-

-nism w i l l w i n , earnestly w o r k i n g at d i f ferent posts i n the socialist r e vo lu t i on and construct ion.


. n n O D A Y is the f i r s t ann ive rsary of the f o u n d i n g of the -*-• People's Democrat ic Republ ic of Laos. W i t h great

joy , the Chinese people extend t h e i r warmes t congra tu lat ions to the f r a t e r n a l people o f Laos.

Under th e leadership of the Lao People's Revb iu -

t i onary Par ty , t h e heroic Lao people, i n s t r i v i n g fo r the

independence of the i r f a the r l and and the emancipat ion

of then- nat ion , u n i t e d as one, defied b r u t e force, per

sisted i n prot racted a rmed struggle, p o w e r f u l l y smashed

the enemy's schemes to strangle the Lao r evo lu t i on , con

t inuous ly increased ' t h e i r o w n s t r eng th and, a f ter

arduous and t o r tuous struggles, f i n a l l y defeated the

react ionary forces at home and abroad and founded the

•Lao People's Democrat ic Republ ic , w i n n i n g a great

v i c to ry of h istor ic significance. Laos has since entered

a new h is tor i ca l stage. The Lao people's v i c t o r y has

been a v igorous i nsp i r a t i on and suppor t t o the struggle

of the oppressed nations and people of t h e w o r l d f o r

independence and emancipat ion.

The f ound ing of t h e Lao People's Democrat ic

Republic has opened u p broad prospects f o r the r e vo lu

t i o n and construct ion i n Laos. I n the past year, the

hero ic Lao people have act ive ly consolidated and

strengthened the r e vo lu t i onary regime, healed the

wounds of w a r and g radua l l y restored a n d developed

the i r na t i ona l economy. We believe, tha t , t h r o u g h

• ma in t a in ing independence and sel f-rel iance, the Lao

people w h o have been steeled and tested i n pro t rac ted

revo lu t ionary struggle w i l l be able to s u r m o u n t " the

obstacles on the i r road of advance, cont inuous ly ga in

new victories and b u i l d Laos in t o a state of peace, i n

dependence, democracy, un i f i ca t i on , p rosper i t y and

social progress.

The current , w o r l d s i tua t i on is excel lent. The da i ly

awaken ing people of the w o r l d are steadi ly advanc ing

in . the v ictor ious struggle against imper i a l i sm, co lonia l

i s m and hegemonism. The countries and peoples of the

t h i r d w o r l d , i n par t i cu lar , are p l a y ing an ever greater

role-as the m a i n force i n the struggle. Countr ies w a n t

. independence, nat ions w a n t emancipat ion and the peo

ple w a n t r e vo lu t i on — the h i s t o r i ca l current is surg ing i r r es i s t ib l y onward . The s i tua t i on I n Asia, as i n the

.whole world,- is deve loping i n a d i rec t ion favourable to the r e vo lu t i onary struggle of the people of var ious countries and unfavo i i rab le to superpower aggression .and expansion. Under the leadership of the i r b r i l l i a n t leader Cha i rman H u a Kuo- feng , the Chinese people have w o n the great v i c t o r y of smashing the scheme of the " gang of f o u r " to usurp the Party, leadership and stated power and, w i t h l o f t y r e vo lu t i onary enthusiasm, are ra l l y ing - most closely r o u n d the P a r t y Cent ra l Commi t t ee headed b y Cha i rman H u a to car ry out the behests of C h a i r m a n Mao, cont inue to unswerv ing l y imp lement the r evo lu t i onary l i ne and policies i n fore ign a f fa i rs personal ly mapped ou t b y Cha i rman Mao, persist i n p ro l e ta r i an in te rnat iona l i sm, and are determined to s t rengthen so l i da r i t y w i t h the oppressed nations and people th roughou t the w o r l d , s t rengthen so l idar i t y w i t h the peoples of the t h i r d w o r l d countries and j o i n hands w i t h t h e m to carry t h r o u g h to the end the struggle against impe r i a l i sm and superpower hegemonism.

As close neighbours l i n k e d b y the same mounta ins and r i vers , China and Laos share wea l and woe. The r e is a longstand ing t r a d i t i o n a l f r i endsh ip between the

. peoples of the t w o countries. I n the arduous struggle of the past, we supported and encouraged each o ther ; i n the cause o f r e v o l u t i o n and construct ion after l i be ra t i on , w e he lp and l ea rn f r o m each other. The Lao Par t y and Gove rnment (Delegat ion headed b y Comrade Kaysone Phomvihane pa id an o f f i c ia l f r i endship v i s i t to China last March . The great leader and teacher Cha i rman Mao had a ve ry cord ia l and f r i e n d l y conversat i o n w i t h the Lao Par ty , an d ' G ove rn m en t ' De l e ga t i o n . Comrade H u a Kuo- f eng and Comrade Kaysone Pho mvihane he ld sincere and f r i e n d l y ta lks on s t rengthening

. the re lat ions between the t w o Parties and two countries. The r evo lu t i onary f r i endsh ip a n d co-operation between the peoples of t h e t w o countries have been f u r t h e r strengthened a n d developed. I n the fu tu r e , the Chinese people w i l l cont inue to un i t e w i t h the Lao people i n struggle and advance together w i t h them.

("Renmin Ribao" editorial, December 2)


A s i a n Count r i e s Ach i e ve Good Results

i n m M t l H I l U l l l M I H i l l l H I l l l i l l U l l l l l l I H i n i l l l l l i i l i l l i M l f i l l l H i l l l i n i l U l l i f l M H l l l i l U I I I U n i l l l l l l l i l l l i l l l

A L T H O U G H the As ian people are industr ious and the i r countries we l l -endowed by nature ,

ag r i cu l tu re has developed s lowly and qui te ' a f ew of t h e m s t i l l have to r e l y on impo r t ed g r a i n because of imper ia l i s t aggression and p lunder , p a r t i c u l a r l y b y the superpowers, and an i r r a t i o n a l l a n d system. I n recent years, however, more and more As i an countries have come to realize t ha t developing agr i cu l ture , especi a l l y g ra in product ion , is of the u tmost signif icance fo r safeguarding state independence and s t rengthening the nat iona l economy. Qui te a f ew have g iven top p r i o r i t y to agr i cu l ture and g ra in p roduc t i on i n developing t h e i r na t i ona l 'economies.

1 The Nepalese Government has called for p u t t i n g p r omo t i on of a g r i cu l tu ra l development i n the fore and declared the year 1975-76 " ag r i cu l tu r e year . " P r i m e Min i s t e r Mrs . Bandarana ike of S r i L an ka i n 1973 launched a b i g a g r i cu l tu ra l p roduc t i on movement and i n J ime th is year called fo r a t t a in ing economic inde pendence by rea l i z ing self-suff iciency i n g ra in . The Malays ian Government, too, has regarded a t t a in ing self-suff iciency i n g r a in as a mat t e r of f i r s t importance .

Some countries have stressed deve lopment o f water conservancy w o r k and expanded the i r acreage of i r r i g a t ed l and . • I n S r i Lanka , the f i r s t p a r t of the Mahawe l i

Deve lopment Project — the biggest pro ject of th is type i n the country —• to change the course of the Mahawe l i R iver was completed last Jam ia r y and p u t 130,000 acres of l a n d under I r r i g a t i on . Nepal 's i r r i ga t ed area has g r o w n f r o m 180,000 hectares i n 1970 to 230,000 hectares th i s year. .Fourteen water conservancy projects completed d u r i n g the " ag r i cu l tu r e yea r " i n the. country have added another -26,000 hectares of i r r i ga t ed land ,

- or 10 per cent of the country 's t o ta l . Malays ia has i m proved i r r i g a t i o n faci l i t ies f o r a ' t o t a l of 320,000 acres of r ice f ields.

B y deve lop ing d ivers i f i ed . economies, some countr ies have got r i d of the monocul ture , economy le f t beh i n d b y the imper ia l i s ts and • colonialists and have freed themselves f r o m r e l y i ng on fo re ign f a r m produce. I n the past, Malays ia m a i n l y developed rubber p roduc t i on and had to i m p o r t large amounts of food g r a in year ly . I n recent years, the Ma lays ian Government , has pa id a t t en t i on to expand ing the acreage of r ice f ie lds and b rough t the ou tpu t va lue of g r a i n to t h i r d place, j u s t be low rubber and p a l m o i l . To solve the question of i ts supp ly of cotton se l f - re l iant ly , the Phi l ipp ines successfully g rew cot ton on an expe r imenta l basis i n 1973. Whi l e con t inu ing to stress developing- r ice-growing, B u r m a also has made i t a po in t to g row ju t e , co t ton and other crops.

Superpowers Obs t ruc t A g r i c u l t u r a l Deve lopment in Asia

THE t w o hegemonic powers, the Soviet U n i o n and the U n i t e d States, contro l , p lunder and explo i t the

developing countries of As ia i n agr i cu l ture . The i r chief methods inc lude :

' 1. Us ing exports of g ra in and other f a r m produce to engage i n hegemonism. • U.S. imper ia l i sm, under the signboard of g i v ing " a i d " and " r e l i e f , " dumps i ts f a r m produce and exerts pressure on the " a id - r e c ip i en t " countries, ' W i t h i ts agr i cu l ture i n a wre tched p l i ght , Soviet soc ia l - imper ia l ism does not export m u c h g ra in to the As ian region. B u t I t ' exports g r a i n to push i ts hegemonism i n a most despicable manner. For example, i n September 1973 i t took the i n i t i a t i v e i n l end ing Ind i a 2 m i l l i o n tons of wheat , b u t w h e n I n d i a had bad harvests the f o l l o w i n g year and was i n the g r ip of famine, i t took the oppo r tun i t y to press I n d i a to repay tha t loan. -

'2. Going i n fo r exchange of unequa l values i n a b i g way, s t r i v i ng h a r d to w i d e n the "scissors gap " between prices of i ndus t r i a l and' a g r i cu l tu ra l products and b u y i n g

cheap and se l l ing dear to exp lo i t the developing countries. The t w o hegemonic powers manipu la te the i n t e rna t i ona l marke ts and prices to make the developing countries sustain heavy losses. I n the f i r s t ha l f of 1975, for example, Tha i l and lost 2,800 m i l l i o n bahts (140 m i l l i o n U.S. dollars) as compared w i t h the same per iod i n 1974 because of pr ice fal ls of i ts chief expor t p r o d ucts, i n c lud ing r i ce and rubber . I n the f i r s t seven months of 1975, Indonesia suf fered a t o t a l loss of 389 m i l l i o n U.S. dol lars because of the drop i n earnings f r o m t imbe r and rubbe r exports. Soviet soc ia l - imper ia l ism is even more rapacious t h a n o ld- l ine imper i a l i sm i n exp l o i t i n g the developing countries. Besides p lunder ing huge quant i t ies of Mongol ia 's l ivestock and an ima l husbandry products, i t also exploits other As ian countr ies. W h e n the Soviet U n i o n impor t ed rubber f r o m Malays ia i n 1975, i t forced down the price by 30.per cent wh i l e ra i s ing the pr ice of machine tools i t exported to Malays ia b y 2.14 times.. Thus,-a machine too l w h i c h Malays ia could get for one and a ha l f tons of. rubber i n 1974 needed 4.6 tons i n 1975.

24 Peking . Review, No. 50

Some ecur.trios l i k e the Phi l ipp ines , Pak is tan and I n d i a have also taken such measures as -reclaiming l and , improv ing seed strains, increasing p roduc t i on of chemi -

- i ^ - cal fert i l i zers and m a n u f a c t u r i n g and i m p r o v i n g f a r m machines. A l l th i s has helped i n no sma l l w a y to p r o mote ag r i cu l tu ra l p roduc t i on . Some countr ies have strengthened co-operation, i n ra i s ing the l eve l o f a g r i cu l tu ra l science and ski l ls .

B y adopt ing the above measures, agr icu l ture , pa r -' t i cu lar l y g ra in product ion , i n these As i an countries is steadily developing. I n the year 1975-76, Pakistan 's g r a in produc t i on w e n t up by 1.97 m i l l i o n tons and sugar cane by 3.1.6 m i l l i o n tons as compared w i t h th e annua l average f r o m 1967. to 1970... The year 1975-76 saw a general, rise i n the acreage of Bangladesh's m a i n crops. Jute output Increased b y 400,000 bales, r ice b y near l y 2 m i l l i o n tons and wheat by 100,000 tons. A f ghan i s tan i n 1976 reaped i ts t h i r d r i c h g r a i n harvest and has i n i t i a l l y at ta ined self-suff iciency i n g ra in . The year 1975-76 saw the Phi l ipp ines record ing a bumper ha r vest of rice, w i t h the ou tpu t 15 per cent greater t h a n i n the previous year. S r i L anka i n 1974 recorded the highest g ra in ou tput i n i ts h is tory . Burma ' s r ice ou tpu t I n the year 1975-76 was the highest i n the past 15 years.

I t is o f p ro f ound signif icance i n opposing hegemon i sm tha t the As ian countries have strengthened r e g ional economic co-operation and adopted collective self-reliance measures to safeguard the i r a g r i cu l tu ra l

..J > and other interests. The f i r s t s u m m i t conference of the -Association of Southeast As ian Nat ions last February de

cided t o ut i l i ze the n a t u r a l resources of t h e A S E A N re-'-g ion to fu r the r . c omp l emen t . each other 's economies. . A t the February m i n i s t e r i a l mee t ing i n M a n i l a of the G roup of 77, w h i c h includes some developing countries i n Asia, i t also was decided tha t j o i n t act ion should be taken i n i n t e rna t i ona l t rade to safeguard the interests of cotton, ju t e , r u b b e r and tea p roduc ing countries'. The 5 t h Conference of Heads of State and Government o f Non-A l i gned Countr ies i n Augus t adopted the A c t i o n P rogramme f o r Economic Co-operat ion cal l ing for f u r the r s t rengthening and establ ishing add i t i ona l associat ions o f r a w ma t e r i a l producers and the convening i n Pyongyang of a sympos ium of non-a l igned and other developing countries to exchange experience i n deve lop ing agr i cu l ture and independent na t i ona l i n dustry . A l l th is w i l l p lay an i m p o r t a n t ro le i n breaki n g d o w n the superpowers ' man ipu la t i on of i n t e rna t i ona l marke t s and the i r opposit ion, res ist ing the i r acts of b u l l y i n g and oppressing the developing countries, and p r o m o t i n g the development of agr i cu l ture and the na t i ona l economies of the var ious countries'.

B y r e l y i n g on the i r o w n people, persever ing i n the struggle against impe r i a l i sm and hegemonism, f o l l ow ing the . r oad of independence and self-reliance, m a k i n g f u l l u s e ' o f the i r n a t u r a l resources, m a k i n g the necessary changes step-by step i n accordance w i t h the aspirat ions of the i r people, and - s t rengthening u n i t y and co-operat i on , the developing countries i n As ia : w i l l g radua l l y change the present state of af fairs I n the r u r a l areas and the i r na t i ona l economies and a t t a i n even greater successes i n developing agr i cu l ture .

Message From Centra ! Commit tee of

Marx i s t -Len in i s t Communist Party

Of France .

The Po l i t i ca l Secretary of the Cent ra l Commit tee o f the Marx i s t -Len in i s t Communis t P a r t y of France has sent a message t o Cha i rman H u a Kuo- f eng . The message reads:

I n t h e name o f the 7 Cent ra l - C o m m i t t e e ; o f the Marx i s t -Len in i s t Communis t P a r t y of France, I ex tend

• to y o u warmest fehc i tat ions. o n - the appo in tment of ; Comrade H u a -'Kuo-feng as C h a i r m a n o f t h e . Cent ra l ' C o m m i t t e e - o f t h e Communis t - P a r t y of -China and -Cha i rman of the M i l i t a r y Commiss ion o f t h e - C e n t r a l

. Committee of the Communis t P a r t y of China ; -

The Marx i s t -Len in i s t Communists of France are p r o f ound l y convinced t h a t under the leadership of the great, g lor ious a n d ' correct Communis t Pa r t y of China led b y Comrade H u a Kuo- feng , the Chinese people w i l l cont inue to w i n great r e vo lu t i onary victor ies started under the leadership of Cha i rman Mao Tsetung, the most eminent Marx i s t - Len in i s t o f our epoch.

The u n i t y of act ion and t h i n k i n g between the Commun i s t P a r t y of China and the Marx i s t -Len in i s t Commun i s t P a r t y of France w i l l unceasingly be strengthened on the basis of the pr inc ip les of Marx i sm-Len in i sm and Mao Tsetung Thought .

The Marx i s t -Len in i s t Communis ts of France are de termined to do the i r best to make the French and Chinese peoples, under the leadership o f the i r respective Marx i s t - Len in i s t Parties, car ry on and s trengthen the

December-10, 1976 25

great h is tor ica l w o r l d struggle against t h e t w o superpowers a n d a l l reactionaries, against imper i a l i sm, social-imper ia l i sm, hegemonism, colonial ism and neo-colonial-i sm t i l l the t r i u m p h of the w o r l d r e vo lu t i on and commun i sm .

Message From the Po l i t i ca l Secretar iat O f Marx i s t - Lenmis t Revolutionary

Communist Party of France

The Po l i t i c a l Secretariat of the Marx i s t -Len in i s t Revo lut ionary Communis t Pa r t y of France sent a message to the Centra l Commit tee of the Communis t Pa r t y of Ch ina on October 25. The message reads:

The Po l i t i ca l Secretariat of the Marx i s t -Len in i s t Revo lut ionary Communis t Pa r t y extends its fe l ic i tat ions to Comrade H u a Kuo- f eng o n his appo intment as Cha i r m a n of the Centra l Commit tee of the Communis t Pa r t y of Ch ina and Cha i rman of the M i l i t a r y Commission of the Centra l Commi t t e e of the Communis t Pa r t y of China. I t shares i n the j oy of the Chinese people mobi l i zed t o day a round the Cent ra l Commit tee of the i r Communis t Par ty . The Centra l Commit tee headed b y Comrade H u a Kuo - f eng has fo i l ed the conspiracy of the " gang o f f o u r , " engaged i n the strugg le against I t and s t reng thened the u n i t y of the Par ty . Re l y ing on the inv inc ib l e force and clearsightedness of the Chinese people and on Mao Tsetung Thought , t h e Cen t ra l Commit tee headed by Comrade H u a Kuo- f eng w i l l c a r r y on and deepen t h e r evo lu t i on under the d ic tatorship of the pro le tar ia t . A r m e d w i t h r i c h experience i n the t en great struggles between the t w o l ines and w i t h Mao Tsetung Thought , the Communis t P a r t y of China w i l l develop and consol i date the great conquests of the Great Pro l e ta r ian C u l t u r a l Revo lut ion and carry on and deepen the struggle against rev is ionism.

China w i l l cer ta in ly r e m a i n r ed !

Long l i v e the great, glorious and correct C o m m u nis t Pa r t y of Ch ina !

Long l i v e i ts Centra l Commit tee headed by Comrade Hua Kuo- f eng !

Letter From Cent ra l Commi t t ee of Labour Party of Spain

. The Cent ra l Commit tee of the Labour Pa r t y of Spain sent a le t ter on October 23 to the Cen t ra l Comm i t t e e of the Communis t Pa r t y of China, ex tend ing congratu lat ions on the appo intment of Comrade H u a K u o -feng as Cha i rman of the Cen t ra l Commit tee of the Commu n i s t Pa r t y of China and Cha i rman of the M i l i t a r y Commiss ion of the Pa r t y Cent ra l Commit tee .

The l e t t e r says: The Labour Par t y of Spain is conv inced , t ha t under the correct leadership of Comrade H u a Kuo- feng , new and s t i l l greater successes w i l l be scored i n the socialist construct ion of China. The Comm u n i s t Pa r t y of Ch ina and the Chinese people w i l l

m

carry on and f u r t h e r develop th e i r struggle against i m per ia l i sm, soc ia l - imper ia l ism, colonial ism, hegemonism and mode rn rev is ion ism and w i l l cont inue to ex tend i n ternat iona l i s t suppor t to the w o r l d p ro l e ta r ia t and the people of a l l countries.

Message From Cha i rman Petrersson of

Executive Commi t t ee of Communist

Party of Sweden

Roland Pettersson, Cha i rman of the Execut ive Commi t t ee of the Commun i s t Pa r t y of Sweden, sent a message on October 29 to the Communis t Pa r t y of China. The message reads:

I t is w i t h great pleasure tha t we greet the new v ictories i n the class struggle, w h i c h have been w o n by the Communis t P a r t y of China.

We w a r m l y congratulate Comrade Hua Kuo- feng , w h o has been appointed Cha i rman of the Centra l Commi t t e e and of the M i l i t a r y Commission of the Communis t P a r t y of China.

Y o u r Par ty , v i g i l an t towards the manoeuvres of the bourgeoisie ins ide the Par ty , has defeated the a t tempt of the "gang of four" , to seize power i n the Pa r t y and the state b y m a n i p u l a t i n g the directives of Cha i rman Mao and by other conspi rator ia l methods.

O u r Pa r t y greets w i t h special enthusiasm the decision to pub l i sh vo lume 5 of the Selected, Works of Mao Tsetung and prepare the pub l i ca t i on of h is collected w o r k s ; we also greet the decision to b u i l d a m e m o r i a l h a l l to his memory .

The Commun is t P a r t y of Sweden is closely f o l l ow i n g the developments i n China. We have t o t a l conf i dence i n the great experience, h i g h consciousness and r evo lu t i onary v ig i lance of the Chinese pro l e ta r ia t and i ts Par ty , as w e l l as the a b i l i t y of the l abour ing masses t o successfully protect and defend the d ictatorship of the pro l e ta r ia t and the r evo lu t i onary po l i t i ca l l i n e of Cha i r m a n Mao1. A n y a t t empt f r o m the bourgeoisie inside or outside the P a r t y t o seize power and p u t Ch ina back on the capi ta l is t r o a d is bound to f a i l ,

i

Message From Executive Commit tee

Of Marx i s t -Len in i s t Groups of

F in land

The Execut ive Commit t ee of the Marx i s t -Len in i s t Groups o f F i n l a n d sent a, message on October 29 to C h a i r m a n H u a Kuo- f eng . The message reads:

G l ad t o l e a rn o f y ou r e lect ion by the Centra l Commi t t e e of the Comnumis t Pa r t y of China as i t s Chairman, ' w e ex t end hear t f e l t congratulat ions t o you , Comrade H u a Kuo- feng , t o the Communis t Pa r t y of China and to the Chinese people,

Peking Review, No, 50

The Communis t Pa r t y of Ch ina is a great, g lor ious and* correct Par ty , a genuine Marx i s t - Len in i s t Par ty , Under the b r i l l i a n t leadership of Cha i rman Mao Tsetung, the greatest Marx i s t -Len in i s t of the contemporary era, the Communist Pa r t y of Ch ina was t empered and g rew i n s t rength i n s t o rmy r evo lu t i onary struggles i n h a l f a century and more. A f t e r w i n n i n g enormous v ictor ies i n the l ibe ra t i on struggle, the Chinese people have, again under the leadership^ of t h e Communis t P a r t y of China, persisted i n class struggle under socialism, consolidated the dictatorship of the pro l e ta r ia t and s w i f t l y b u i l t a prosperous and da i l y developing socialist n e w China, w h i c h has become a s trong bast ion against impe r i a l i sm and soc ia l - imper ia l ism and a re l iab le base f o r w o r l d revo lu t i on . The contr ibut ions made by the Communis t Pa r t y o f China i n the struggle ' against, mode rn rev i s i oni sm and soc ia l - imper ia l ism are of ma jo r w o r l d h is tor ic significance.

The Communis t P a r t y of China founded b y Comrade Mao Tse tung is a P a r t y tempered, tmder the l eadership o f Comrade Mao Tsetung, i n the class struggles and the struggles 'between the t w o l ines d u r i n g the past decades, a P a r t y gu ided b y Marx i sm-Len in i sm-Mao Tsetung Thought . The Communis t P a r t y of Ch ina l ed the Chinese people i n defeating imper ia l i sm, bu r eauc ra t -capi ta l ism and feuda l i sm i n t h e new-democrat ic r e v

o lu t ion . I t led the Chinese w o r k i n g class and the Chinese people in, w i n n i n g the. .v ic tory o f t h e p ro l e ta r i an r e v o l u tion... Under its. leadership, t h e Chinese w o r k i n g class established the d ic tatorship of the pro l e ta r ia t and persists, i n class struggle. To consolidate t h e d ic tatorship of. the pro le tar ia t and b u i l d c ommun i sm step by step, the Chinese w o r k i n g class unde r th e leadership of the Communis t P a r t y of China headed b y Comrade Mao Tse tung has, combated :modern rev is ionism, defended M a r x i s m , car r i ed ou t the Great P ro l e ta r ian C u l t u r a l Revo lu t i on and averted capita l ist restorat ion. To. cont inue the f o r w a r d m a r c h o n the road t o communism, the w o r k i n g class under t h e leadership of the Communis t P a r t y of China headed b y Comrade Mao Tsetung waged the struggle t o repulse the R i gh t ' deviat ionist a t t empt t o reverse correct verdicts, thereby beat ing back once again var ious at tempts to restore capital ism.

A H the v ictor ies w o n b y the Chinese w o r k i n g ciass and the Chinese people are a huge insp i ra t i on for t h e in t e rna t i ona l p ro l e ta r ia t and the people of the w o r l d i n t h e i r struggle against the exploi ters and oppressors.

. The passing o f Comrade M a o Tsetung has f i l l ed t h e in t e rna t i ona l w o r k i n g class and the people of the w o r l d w i t h . deep sorrow. A f t e r the passing of Comrade Mao Tsetung, the Communis t P a r t y of China, the Chinese w o i k i n g . class a n d the Chinese people have t u r n e d g r i e f i n t o s t reng th and w o n fu r the r v ictor ies i n class struggle. Comrade Mao Tsetung sa id : "Pract ise Marx - , i sm, and not r e v i s i on i sm; un i t e , and don ' t sp l i t ; be open and aboveboard, and don ' t i n t r i g u e and conspire." The Communis t P a r t y of China, under the leadership of the Centra l Commit tee headed b y you, Comrade H u a K u o -feng, w i l l be l o ya l to th is i n s t ruc t i on of Cha i rman Mao Tsetung and lead the Chinese w o r k i n g class and the Chinese people i n w i n n i n g f u r t h e r v ictor ies. The Comm u n i s t P a r t y of Ch ina w i l l , as always, be a great example to the Marx is t -Len in is ts .

Letter From Nadunge, Member of

Secretar iat of Cen t ra l Commit tee

O f Communist Party of Sri

Lanka (M-L)

D.N. Nadunge, Member o f the Secretariat o f the Cent ra l Commit t ee of the Commun is t P a r t y of S r i L anka (M-L ) , sent a l e t ter on October 20 t o the Centra l Commit tee of the Communis t Pa r t y of China.

The le t ter says t h a t the Cent ra l Commit tee of the Communis t Pa r t y of S r i L anka (M-L) h ea r t i l y welcomes " th e appo in tment of Comrade H u a Kuo- f eng as Chair m a n o f . the Centra l Commit tee of the Communis t Pa r t y of China. We are f i r m l y convinced t h a t the Chinese people a n d t h e i r P a r t y w i l l r a l l y closely r o u n d the Cent ra l Commit tee headed b y C h a i r m a n H u a Kuo- f eng and resolute ly car ry ou t t o the end the behests o f Cha i rman Mao. "

No. ex te rna l enemy, whatever can shake the Comm u n i s t Pa r t y o f China, n o r can any i n t e r n a l enemy do h a r m t o i t . I n the f ierce struggles between the t w o l ines, t w o classes and t w o roads, the Communis t Pa r t y of China has smashed a l l rev is ionist cl iques a t t empt ing t o ' s p l i t the Par ty . ' A t present, t h r o u g h the i r j u b i l a n t demonstrations characterized b y un i t y , the Chinese people, have f i r m l y denounced the . fac t iona l act iv i t ies of the " gang of f o u r " and rendered resolute suppor t t o y ou r e lect ion as leader of the Party 's Centra l Committee . The Communis t Pa r t y of China has a sp lendid fu ture . So do the people of t h e w o r l d who are mar ch ing f o r w a r d

'i^, i n s t o rmy struggles.

We w i s h y o u greatest possible success i n your great w o r k . We are convinced tha t the Chinese people w i l l f o r ever imp lement tho rough l y Mao Tsetung's r e v o l u t i onary l ine i n the home and f o re i gn policies.

Message From Secretary Schmierer of

Centra ! Commit tee of Communist

League of Wes t Germany

Hans-Gerhar t Schmierer, Secretary o f the. Cent ra l Commit tee of the Communis t League of West Germany, has sent a message t o C h a i r m a n H u a Kuo- feng . The message reads:

The Centra l Commit tee of the Communis t League of West Germany extends r evo lu t i onary congratulat ions to you, Comrade H u a Kuo- feng , on your appo in tment as Cha i rman of the Cent ra l Commit tee of t h e g lor ious Communis t P a r t y of China.


I t says,, " the Cent ra l Commit tee o f the Communis t P a r t y of S r i L anka (M-L) enthusiast ical ly hai ls the decisions to establish a memor i a l h a l l for the great l eader and teacher Cha i rman "Mao Tsetung and to pub l i sh vo lume 5 'o f h is selected w o r k s w i t h other vo lumes to fo l low, and. to make preparat ions, f o r the pub l i ca t i on of h is collected works..".

I t notes tha t these decisions ref lect t h e ardent desire a n d aspirations no t on l y of - the Chinese people b u t of the r e vo lu t i onary . people th roughou t the w o r l d . . They w i l l help 'to- cont r ibute to .the f u r t h e r s tudy of . M a r x -i sm-Len i r i i sm-Mad Ts e tung ' Though t and the- developm e n t of the in t e rna t i ona l communist movement .

Message From Secretary Lindner of

~ Communist League of Austria

Secretary Wa l t e r L indne r of the Cent ra l Commit tee -of the Communis t League of Aus t r i a , i n the name of the Committee, sent a message on October 29 t o the-Centra l Committee of t h e Communis t Pa r t y of China. The message reads:

We have fo l l owed w i t h great sympathy the struggle by the Communis t P a r t y of China and ' i t s Centra l Commi t t ee headed by Comrade H u a Kuo- f eng for keeping to' and i n h e r i t i n g Cha i rman Mao Tsetung's revolut ionary-thought- and po l i t i ca l l ine . We have- l earnt w i t h great j o y and excitement the t w o h is tor ic decisions made b y the Centra l Commit tee o f ; the Communis t Pa r t y of. Ch ina on October..-8, and fo l l owed the struggle fo r shat ter ing the an t i -Par ty " gang o f f o u r . " Therefore, today we can. celebrate the v i c t o r y of t h e Chinese Communis t P a r t y together w i t h the Chinese people.

The t w o decisions of the Cent ra l Commit tee of the Communis t Pa r t y of China dated October 8, the smashi n g of t h e ' " g ang of f o u r " and the election of Comrade H u a Kuo- f eng as Cha i rman of the Communis t Pa r t y of China are also of utmost significance for the i n t e r n a t i ona l Marx i s t -Len in i s t movement and for us A u s t r i a n Marx is t -Len in is ts . Hence our de f in i te welcome. We extend most hear t fe l t r evo lu t i onary salutat ions to the Centra l Commit tee o f the Communis t P a r t y of China, and , th r ough i t , to the who le P a r t y and the ent i re Chinese people. We share y ou r j o y over th i s latest v ict o r y for the Chinese Communis t Pa r t y and for M a r x i s m -Lenin ism-Mao Tsetung Thought . This v i c t o r y is a t r e mendous . insp i ra t i on and encouragement for us. ; I t is ye t another proof of the great r evo lu t i onary resolve, strength and u n i t y of the Chinese Pa r t y and people. I t b r i l l i a n t l y proves tha t i t is not easy to smash the Communis t Pa r t y of China, w h i c h has a b r i gh t fu ture .

We w i l l do our best to enable our workers and masses of people t o understand the h is tor ic decisions.of the Centra l Commit tee o f t h e . Chinese Communis t Par ty , and fu r the r s t rengthen the f r i endsh ip between the people of Aus t r i a and China.

. Message From Central Committee

Of Canadian Communist

- . League (M-L)

The Cent ra l Commit tee o f the Communis t League of Canada (M-L) has sent a message to the Communis t P a r t y of China. T h e message reads:

W e congratulate th e Chinese Communis t Pa r t y and its Cent ra l Commit tee on the nom ina t i on of H u a K u o -feng as C.hairman_of- the . Cent ra l Commit tee of the C h i nese Commun is t Par ty . .

We are convinced t h a t the Chinese people l ed by the Chinese Communis t P a r t y w i l l cont inue i n the s t rug gle to b u i l d social ism and communism and w i l l a lways r ema in - " f a i th fu l to the r e vo lu t i onary l i ne of Mao Tsetung . We are conf ident t h a t the Chinese Communis t Par ty , f i r m l y based o n the p ro l e ta r i an theory of M a r x -i sm-Len in i sm and. Mao Tsetung Thought , w i l l continue, as i n the past, i n the great sp i r i t of p r o l e t a r i an i n t e r n a t i ona l i sm, i n s t rengthen ing the bonds' of revolut ionary-so l idar i t y . between Marx i s t - L en in i s t Part ies and organ i zations a r o u n d the w o r l d i n the struggle against mode rn rev is ionism, w i t h i ts r ing leader the Soviet revisionists, and w i l l cont inue to push f o r w a r d the struggle against colonial ism, i m p e r i a l i s m and hegemonism of the t w o superpowers.

Message From Chairman Andresson

And General Secretary Gudlaugsson

Of Communist Party of Iceland (M-L)

Gunnar Andresson, Cha i rman, and K r i s t j a n Gudlaugsson,. General Secretary, of the Centra l Commi t t ee of the Commun is t Pa r t y of Ice land (Marx i s t -Leninist ) , sent a message on October 28 to Cha i rman H u a Kuo- feng .

The message says: " To you, and t h r o u g h y o u to the Communis t P a r t y of Ch ina and the masses of a l l na t i on al i t ies i n the People's Republ ic of China, we extend our congratulat ions on y o u r appo in tment as Cha i rman of the Cent ra l Commit tee of . t h e Communis t Pa r t y of China.";

I t says: " W e who lehear ted ly support the decisions of the Cent ra l Commit tee of the C.P.C. to elect Comrade H u a Kuo- f eng as Cha i rman, to ' organize the masses i n t ho r ough l y s tud jdng the wo rks of M a r x , Engels, Len in , S ta l in and-Cha i rman Mao Tsetung and to carry f o r w a r d the great banner of Cha i rman Mao. Tsetung's l i f e w o r k — to b u i l d u p and strengthen the d ic tatorship of the pro l e ta r ia t and ' socialist construct ion. "

28 Peking Reviexo, No. 50

Message From' General Secretary Calo of the Party of Social ist

Revolution of I t a l y

Vihcenzo Calo, ' General Secretary of the Cent ra l Committee of the Par t y of Socialist Revo lu t i on of I t a l y , sent a message on October 28 to Cha i rman Hua Kufo-feng. ' The message reads:

We extend to you our f r a t e rna l congratulat ions and greet w i t h great r evo lu t i onary enthusiasm your appo int men t as Cha i rman of the Centra l Commit tee of the Communis t Pa r t y of China and Cha i rman of the M i l i t a r y Commission of the Centra l Commit tee of the Communis t Pa r t y of China On the basis of the reso lut ion of October 7 o f the Cent ra l Commit tee of the Communis t Pa r t y of China. • • •

The Communis t Pa r t y of China, under your leadership, has defeated the scheme o f ' t h e an t i -Pa r t y cl ique of Wang^ Hung -wen , Chang Chun-chiao, Chiang C h i n g and Yao Wen-yuan w h i c h a t tempted to usurp the P a r t y and state power. This v i c t o r y of Cha i rman Mao ' s .p ro l e tar ian revo lu t i onary l i n e has enabled the Commun is t •Party of China, the People's Republ ic of Ch ina and ' y o u r people of a l l nat ional i t ies to go a step f o r w a r d o n ' t h e road of consol idat ing the d ic ta torsh ip of the pro le tar ia t , s t rengthening p ro l e ta r i an . in t e rna t i ona l i sm and social ism and . leading t t o communism.. . . .

. . W i t h r evo lu t i onary steadfastness and r evo lu t i onary zeal, the Chinese w o r k i n g class, peasants, soldiers and people of a l l nat ional i t ies act ive ly endorse and support the reso lut ion of October 7 of the Cent ra l Commit tee of the Communis t Pa r t y of China. This is an example of the correct w a y of po l i t i ca l struggle defended, by the Communis t Pa r t y of China and constitutes a serious w a r n i n g to a l l those who ' a t tempt to attack China or subvert i ts d ic ta torsh ip of the pro l e ta r ia t and represents an inv inc ib l e force.

Y o u r v i c t o r y is also ours. I t is a v i c t o ry of the Par t y of Socialist Revo lut ion , the I t a l i an pro l e ta r ia t and the w o r l d " r e vo lu t i onary people. They a l l accept " so cialist China as the fortress of the w o r l d r evo lu t i on , the l ibe ra t i on cause of the oppressed people and peace. However, peace is i n grave danger because of the conf l i c t be tween the t w o imper ia l i s t superpowers, the Soviet U n i o n and the Un i t ed States.

The Par t y of Socialist Revo lut ion of I t a l y r ea f f i rms tha t she agrees completely w i t h the general l ine on in te rnat iona l , po l icy l a i d down by Cha i rman Mao and defended b y the Cent ra l Commit tee of the Communis t Pa r t y of Ch ina under your leadership. The general l ine calls upon the people of a l l countr ies to get mobi l i zed and oppose the danger of aggression, and hegemonism .caused b y the two . superpowers, pa r t i cu l a r l y the f r e n zied acts of m i l i t a r y aggression and ' expans ion ism comm i t t e d b y Soviet soc ia l - imper ia l ism i n the Med i t e r ranean and Europe. A c t i n g upon th is general l i ne and pro le t a r i an in te rnat iona l i sm, the P a r t y of Socialist Revo lu t i on o f I t a l y stands on the side of the great and glor ious Communis t P a r t y of China.

We extend to y o u our warmest-congratulat ions and cord ia l and f r a t e rna l wishes.

Message From Cent ra l Commit tee O f U.S. October League (M-L)

The Centra l Commit tee of the U.S. October League (Marx is t -Lenin is t ) . sent a message on October 12 to Cha i rman H u a Kuo- feng . The message reads:

We extend greetings of t h e October League (Marx is t -Lenin is t ) on the appo intment of a-new Chair m a n of the Cent ra l Commit tee of the Chinese Commun i s t Party . F i r m l y rooted among the masses of the l abour ing people and upho ld ing Marx i sm-Len in i sm-Mao Tsetung Thought , the r evo lu t i onary advance of the Chinese- Communis t P a r t y w i l l continue. We express our confidence i n the b r i g h t f u tu r e of socialism and so l idar i ty w i t h the Chinese. . Communis t Pa r t y i n shoulder ing the tasks ahead.

'Message. From Executive Commit tee . , • .Of -• Communis t Federation" of ' • •••

- Br i ta in (M-L)

,. The - Execut ive . Committee, of . t h e . .Communist Federat ion-of B r i t a i n 1 ( M a r x i s t J ^ n m i s t ) sent a message en .November 1 t o . t h e Cen t ra l Commit tee of the Commun i s t P a r t y of China. The message reads:.

W i t h greatest pleasure the Na t i ona l C o m m i t t e e of the Communis t Federat ion of B r i t a i n (Marx is t -Lenin is t ) passed the f o l l ow ing reso lut ion on 30th October 1976.

" T h e Na t i ona l Commit tee of the Communis t Federat i o n of B r i t a i n (Marx is t -Lenin is t ) . hai ls the great v i c t o ry of the w o r k i n g class and people of Ch ina i n smashing the p lo t of the an t i -Pa r t y cl ique of , W a n g . Hung -wen , Chang Chun-chiao, Chiang Ch ing and Yao Wen-yuan, and w a r m l y welcomes t h e ' appo in tment of Comrade H u a Kuo- f eng as Cha i rman of the Cent ra l Commit tee of the Communis t Pa r t y of Ch ina . "

Letter From First Secretary Zamora of Communis t Party of Bolivia (M-L) _

Oscar Zamora ' Medinacel i , F i r s t Secretary of the Cent ra l Commit tee of the Communis t Pa r t y of Bo l i v i a (Marx is t -Len in is t ) , has sent a ' l e t t e r to Comrade H u a Kuo- f eng expressing warmes t congratulat ions on his appo intment as C h a i r m a n of t h e Cent ra l Commit tee of the Communis t Pa r t y of Ch ina and Cha i rman of the M i l i t a r y Commission of the C.P.C. Cent ra l Commit tee :

The ' l e t ter says: The Cent ra l Commit tee of the Commun i s t Pa r t y of Bo l i v i a (Marx is t -Len in is t ) and a l l i t s members are exceedingly g lad to ex tend warmest f r a t e rna l greet ings to you on your appo intment as Cha i r m a n of the Cent ra l Commit tee of the Communis t Pa r t y of Ch ina and Cha i rman of the M i l i t a r y Commission of the C.P.C. Cen t ra l Committee .


The le t ter says: Since the departure of Comrade Mao Tsetung, the great leader of the Chinese people and the oppressed nations and oppressed people of the w o r l d and the indisputable great teacher of the w o r l d pro le tar ia t , the Centra l Commit tee of the Communis t P a r t y of China has made m a n y correct, i m p o r t a n t and valuable decisions w h i c h clearly and force fu l ly demonstrate t ha t under y ou r leadership, the Communis t P a r t y of China, f a i th fu l l y m a i n t a i n i n g the cause of Cha i rman Mao Tsetung, is determined to defend and ho ld h i g h the glorious red banner of Marx i sm-Len in i sm-Mao Tsetung Thought and carry the cause of the pro le tar ia t t h r o u g h to the end.

I t adds: I t is our absolute bel ief t ha t under y ou r leadership, the Communis t Pa r t y of Ch ina and the People's Republ ic of China w i l l f u r the r the cause of Cha i r m a n Mao Tsetung and b u i l d China i n t o a powe r fu l socialist state, an indestruct ib le b u l w a r k of M a r x i s m -Lenin ism-Mao Tsetung Thought , a vanguard and base of w o r l d r e vo lu t i on and the l i b e r a t i on struggle of the oppressed nations and oppressed people.

The let ter says i n conclusion: Esteemed Comrade H u a Kuo- feng, w i t h p ro f ound pro l e ta r ian af fect ion, we w i sh you greater successes i n y ou r i m p o r t a n t r e v o l u t i onary w o r k for the happiness of t h e Chinese people arid the oppressed nat ions and oppressed people and the pro l e ta r ia t of the w o r l d . We reassure y o u t h a t the relat ions between our t w o Parties, w h i c h are based on the pr inc ip le o f p ro l e tar ian mte rna t i ona l i sm and the common defence o f Marx i sm-Len in i sm-Mao Tsetung Thought , w i l l be increasingly deepened a n d become unbreakable . -

Letter From Colombian Marxist-Leninist League

The Nat i ona l Directorate of the Marx i s t - Len in i s t League of Colombia on October 29 sent a l e t ter to Com

rade H u a Kuo- feng , Cha i rman of the Cent ra l Commi t t ee of the Communis t Pa r t y • of China, expressing w a r m greetings to Comrade H u a Kuo- feng, the Cent ra l Com- ^ mi t t ee o f the Communis t Pa r t y o f China, the who le Pa r t y and the Chinese people on Comrade H i i a K u o -feng's assumption of the posts of Cha i rman of the Cent r a l Commit tee of the Communis t Pa r t y of China and Cha i rman o f the M i l i t a r y Commission of the C.P.C. Cent r a l Committee , and on th e i r v i c t o ry i n smashing the an t i -Par ty p l o t of the cl ique of Wang Hung -wen , Chang Chun-chiao, Chiang Ch ing and Yao Wen-yuan w h o att empted to usurp the leadership of the Par t y and seize state power and to establish a d ic ta torsh ip of the bour geoisie.

The le t ter says: The pro l e ta r ia t and people of China, i n t h e i r fur therance of the r evo lu t i onary cause of the pro l e ta r ia t i n i t i a t ed by Cha i rman Mao Tsetung, w i l l smash, a l l enemies of the pro le tar ia t . The v i c t o ry over the an t i -Pa r t y cl ique of the f our and the progress made i n the cr i t i c i sm' o f Teng Hsiao-p ing and the r e pu ls ion of the R i g h t deviat ionist a t tempt at revers ing correct verdicts have consolidated and enhanced the great achievements of the Great Pro le tar ian C u l t u r a l Revo lut ion . These v ictor ies of yours over the bour geoisie i n the P a r t y are v ictor ies for the ent i re w o r l d pro le tar ia t .

We also rejoice immense ly at the decisions made on October 8 b y the (Chinese) leading centra l organs on the establ ishment of a memor i a l h a l l for the great leader and teacher Cha i rman Mao Tsetung and on the K^J? pub l i ca t i on of t h e Selected Works of Mao Tsetung and the preparat ions for the pub l i ca t i on of the Collected Works of Mao -Tsetung. These decisions constitute -a great c on t r i bu t i on t o the disseminat ion a l l over the w o r l d of the inv inc ib l e Mao Tsetung Thought , M a r x i s m -Len in i sm of our era.

(To be continued..)

(Continued from p. 7.)

He sa id : " C h i n a carries out a fore ign pol icy of non-interference i n the i n t e rna l af fairs of other countries and respect for the i r t e r r i t o r i a l i n t eg r i t y and sovereignty. We are ident i ca l i n these great pr inc ip les . "

Pra is ing China's achievements i n the scientific, especially nuclear, f i e ld , he po inted ou t : "Th i s is the pr ide of our t h i r d w o r l d and a l l peace-loving countries i n the w o r l d . "

Re ferr ing to the i n t e rna t i ona l s i tuat ion, delegation leader U l a n f u said i n his speech: " T h e . A r a b peo

ple's struggle against aggression a n d hegemonism is an i m p o r t a n t component of the struggle of a l l the t h i r d w o r l d people. The E i g h t h A r a b S u m m i t Conference he ld no t l ong ago once more mani fested the u n i t y of the A r a b w o r l d and the common asp i ra t ion of the en t i r e A r a b people to e l iminate superpower inter ference and settle the i r problems independent ly t h r o u g h consultat ion. I t dealt a heavy b l ow at the superpowers ' c r i m i n a l conspiracy to sow discord and d i s rup t the great u n i t y of the A r a b people."

U l a n f u no ted : " C h i n a and K u w a i t are f r i e n d l y countries be longing to

the t h i r d w o r l d . We are bound _ together by our two peoples' comm o n experience i n h is tory and the common tasks of struggle fac ing us today . "

Wh i l e the delegation was v i s i t ing the o i l c i ty A l A h m a d i , they saw an exh ib i t i on sponsored b y the K u w a i t i O i l Company,

.a power p lan t i n the Shuaiba Indus t r i a l Complex, a sea wate r desaliniza-t i o n p lant , a chemical fer t i l i zer p l an t and o i l instal lat ions. Th is gave t h e m / ;\ an unders tand ing of the K u w a i t i people's struggle against nature and colonia l ism as w e l l as the efforts made I n b u i l d i n g up the i r country .

30 Peking Revieiv, No. 50

DENMARK

Communis t Labour Party Of Denmark Founded

The Communis t Labour Pa r t y of D e n m a r k was founded on November 21.

The Par t y has developed out of the Communis t League of D e n m a r k (M-L) . I t he ld i ts F i r s t Congress on November 21, electing t h e P a r t y Centra l Commit tee and Ben i to Scocozza as Cha i rman of the Par ty .

The congress adopted the Party 's basic programme and documents and statements , on s t rengthening the struggle against the monopo ly capi ta l is ts ' crisis pol icy and against the superpowers.

The basic p rogramme of the Par t y says tha t M a r x i s m - L e n i n i s m -Mao Tsetung Thought is the theoret ica l basis of the Communis t Labour Par t y of Denmark . T h e Par t y upholds the pr inc ip les of M a r x i sm-Len in ism-Mao Tsetung Though t and applies these pr inc ip les i n concretely analys ing class struggle b o t h at home and abroad.

The Communis t Labour Par ty , i t says, has to assume leadership i n the struggles of the w o r k i n g class and lead these struggles to" socialist r evo l u t i o n and the estabhshment of the dictatorship of the pro le tar ia t . The Pa r t y makes the establ ishment of communist society i ts u l t ima t e a im.

The statement on s t rengthening the struggle against the monopo ly capital ists ' crisis pol icy condemns the monopolists fo r the i r recent ly i n tensi f ied oppression of the w o r k i n g class and the i r strenuous efforts to sh i f t the burden of crisis on to the w o r k i n g class. Cal l ing for extensivel y un fo ld ing the struggle against such a policy, the statement stresses tha t on l y by . ove r th row ing the m o nopoly capital ist class, sett ing u p its own organ of po l i t i ca l power and b u i l d i n g socialism, can the w o r k i n g class fundamenta l l y get r i d of t h e crisis, w h i c h is a n ightmare .

The statement on s t rengthening the struggle against the superpowers says that Denmark is one of the s t ra teg i cal ly i m p o r t a n t European countr ies

l y i n g between the two superpowers, the U n i t ed States and the Soviet U n i o n . The count ry is m i l i t a r i l y threatened by the social- imperial ists.

The statement points out t h a t the superpowers have intens i f i ed the i r content ion everywhere i n the w o r l d and the i r arms race has reached a new h i gh . Th is gives the l ie to the " d i s a r m a m e n t " and . "de tente " f r a u d of the superpowers, especially t ha t of the Soviet Un ion . I n add i t i on , the superpowers have been engaged i n ever f iercer r i v a l r y f o r hegemony i n Europe and have made use of the He l s i nk i " secur i t y conference" to cover u p th e i r d iv is ion of Europe.

The people and the oppressed na t ions of t h e t h i r d w o r l d , the statemen t emphasizes, are the m a i n force i n the struggle against the superpowers. The w o r k i n g class and people of the imper ia l i s t countries should un i t e w i t h the people of the t h i r d w o r l d i n the common strugg le against the imper ia l i s t superpowers.

EAST TIMOR

Persisting in A r m e d Struggle

The F o u r t h Commit tee of the U .N . General Assembly adopted a reso lut i o n on East T i m o r on November 17 suppor t ing the East Timorese people's j u s t struggle f o r na t i ona l inde pendence. " The reso lut ion " r e a f f i r m s the ina l ienable r i g h t of the people of East T i m o r to se l f -de terminat ion and independence and the l eg i t imacy of the i r struggle to achieve t h a t r i g h t . " I t " s t r ong l y deplores the persistent re fusal of the Government of I n d o nesia to comply w i t h - t h e prov i s ions " of the U n i t ed Nat ions ' re levant reso lut ions and • "cal ls upon the Government of Indonesia to w i t h d r a w a l l i t s forces f r o m the t e r r i t o r y (East T i m o r ) . "

The Democrat ic Republ ic of East T i m o r was founded on November 28, 1975.

Since then , the East Timorese people, m a i n t a i n i n g the i r staunch w i l l " t o die or be independent " and sur m o u n t i n g every d i f f i cu l t y , have taken u p arms to brave ly resist the I ndo

nesian aggressors w h o p lo t t ed to a n nex th is independent state shor t l y after its b i r t h . To deal w i t h th is smal l ne i ghbour ing count ry of on ly 600,000 people, Indonesia has sent g round , nav*al and a ir forces by" tens of thousands. The Indonesian a u thor i t i es are t r y i n g to b r i n g the East Timorese people to the i r knees b y b r u t a l slaughter. Indonesian off icials raved tha t the flames of the armed struggle of the East Timorese people could be stamped out i n three days. Bu t , three- months and now even a who le year have elapsed and the armed F R E T I L I N forces cont inue to at tack the invaders and s t i l l contro l 85 per cent of the t e r r i t o r y . The enemy has on ly occupied a few towns and cities and some commtmicat ion lines, w i t h the vast r u r a l areas s t i l l i n the hands of the pa t r i o t i c a r m y -men and civ i l ians. G r o w i n g i n s t rength , the pa t r i o t i c armed forces not on ly can ambush enemy troops b y groups of 10 to 20 bu t also carry out larger operations. They a r m themselves and at tack w i t h captured weapons and a m m u n i t i o n . I n the i r attacks i n the Suai area f r o m m i d -September to ear ly October, they w i p e d out more t h a n 200 enemy troops.

The East Timorese people's s t r u g gle has w o n the support of m a n y countries, especially the t h i r d w o r l d countries. The Po l i t i ca l Dec larat ion adopted b y the F i f t h Conference of Heads o f State and Government of Non -A l i gned Countr ies i n Colombo last Augus t gave f i r m support to the East Timorese people i n t h e i r s t r u g gle to safeguard independence.

A la r i co Fernandes, M in is t e r of I n t e rna l A f f a i r s and Secur i ty of the Democrat ic Republ ic of East T imor , recent ly announced that F R E T I L I N id p o w e r f u l because i t has the suppo r t of- the people of East T imor . Now, on the occasion of t h e f i r s t a n n iversary of the f ound ing of the Republ ic , i t can be seen tha t , w i t h the sympathy and support of the people of the t h i r d w o r l d countries as w e l l as other countries th roughout the w o r l d , the East Timorese people, un i t ed as one, d isp lay ing the sp i r i t of sel f-rel iance and persist ing i n pro t rac ted armed struggle, w i l l w i n f i n a l v i c t o r y i n the i r na t i ona l -l i b e ra t i on struggle.


WESTERN EUROPE

Raging Str ike Struggle

The l abour ing people i n West European countries have been' s t r i k i n g and demonstrat ing .since m i d -November i n strong protest against the i r governments ' - sh i f t i ng the burden of the economic crisis on to them, and they have been f i g h t i n g heroical ly for the r i g h t to l ive .

The w o r k i n g class .and other l a bour ing . people i n I t a l y have he ld i n succession large-scale -strikes, demonstrat ions and ral l ies, or occupied factories, r a i l w a y . stations, ra i lways and h ighways t o s t rug gle against the monopol is t r u l i n g cl ique. More t h a n 400,000 w o r k ers and staf f members of r a i l w a y

. and post and te lecommunicat ions departments he ld count ry -w ide strikes o n November 11. The nat ion 's f i r emen and c i v i l a v i a t i on employees struck on November 15, and 1.2 m i l l i on government employees at the centra l and local levels and medica l workers stopped w o r k the f o l l o w i n g day... On November 23, over 2.5 m i l l i o n pub l i c service wo rke r s and government employees w e n t on a 24-hour na t i onw ide s t r ike , and he ld demonstrat ions and , parades. , As a result , the country 's r a i l w a y t ra f f i c and c i v i l av ia t ion came to a ha l t f o r a t ime, and post and te lecommunicat ions offices, schools and admin i s t ra t i v e organs ' a t var ious levels were s t r ikebound. •

Since the beg inn ing o f the year, 13 str ikes i n v o l v i n g more t h a n one m i l l i o n people each have t aken place i n I t a l y , t w o of w h i c h ou tnumber ing . 10 m i l l i o n each. I n the f i r s t s i x months of the year alone, t o t a l work-hours- lost amounted to over 100 m i l l i o n , w h i c h dealt the capitalists heavy ' b lows. ;

More t h a n 60,000 w o r k i n g people f r o m d i f f e rent parts of B r i t a i n i n c lud ing r a i lway and tex t i l e .workers, postmen and miners , .teachers and students demonstrated and ra l l i ed i n London on November. 17 t o , oppose the B r i t i s h Government 's ef forts to .relieve i ts economic crisis b y cu t t i n g down publ i c expenditures and creati n g large numbers of- unemployed .

" - •Near ly -a- .mi l l ion Spanish workers "downed'tools bh November-12 i n p r o test against the measures --taken b y

the government such as wage-freeze and permission to employers to discharge werkers at w i l l in, order to sh i f t the burden of the econtimic crisis on to - the workers.- Str ikes b y workers and other l abou r ing people also have t aken place one _after a n other i n France, West Germany and other West European countries.

The surg ing waves o f str ikes i n Western Europe show t h a t the contrad ic t ions inherent i n the capital ist system keep ' on deepening.. \s a r e su l t of- the -monopo l y capital ists sh i f t ing" the burden of the economic crisis on to the - labouring people; i n f l a t i on is in tens i fy ing . , and . the ranks of the': unemployed., are expand ing . The " number ' of jobless workers i n West Germany,. France and I t a l y , n o w at between 900,000 and 1 m i l l i o n , is more t h a n double . the f i gure before the crisis, w h i l e i n B r i t a i n , the number has reached 1.5 m i l l i o n , the highest since W o r l d W a r I I .

. L i f e has become more d i f f i cu l t f o r the w o r k i n g people. They are r i s i ng up i n resistance to exp lo i ta t i on and oppression, and demanding wage i n crease, j ob guarantees and improve men t i n w o r k i n g condit ions. The i r struggles have repeatedly pounded away at the r u l i n g cliques i n West European countries, thus m a k i n g the po l i t i ca l s i tua t i on i n these countries more and more unstable.

U.N.

China's Stand on In t e rna t i ona l Convention Aga ins t T a k i n g

Hostages - —

" The Chinese Delegat ion is f i r m l y opposed to. us ing an t i - t e r r o r i sm as a -pretext • to direct the ^spearhead against the na t i ona l - l i be ra t i on • move-" -ment i n order to sh ie ld ! the . large--scale t e r ro r i s t acts c ommi t t ed by i m per ia l i sm, _racism and . Z i on i sm, " Chinese Representative A n C h i h -y u a n said on November 30 i n a speech d u r i n g the general debate on the agenda i t e m " d r a f t i n g of an i n t e r na t i ona l convent ion against t h e t a k

i n g of hostages" at the S i x t h Commi t t ee of the U.N. General Assembly.

- The Chinese . representat ive stated t h a t ' i t i s 'understandable . tha t : r ep re -

- sentatives of - qui te a • number • of

countr ies have expressed w o r r y over and condemned aer ia l h i j ack ing , the * t a k i n g of hostages, assassination and k idnapp ing . The Chinese '.Govern- 1*' m e n t has consistently disapproved of-.' these .acts, f o r . countless historical} J facts have proved t h a t revo lut ionary* % struggle is a mass struggle and t h a i . 5\v ic to ry . can •• only be w o n by mob i l i z - #j i n g . .and . r e l y i ng on the masses;_2 A d ven tu r i s t and t e r ro r i s t acts by a" j L

ha nd fu l of people can on ly b r ing • ' " - t about . adverse effects. ^

- '-"However,"- he said: " w e mus t . + ' po in t out 'that'^ imper i a l i sm; colonials ' f\ i sm, rac ism and'^Zionism of ten capp, + -tal ize on these "erroneous acts on the ^ ;• pa r t of a h an d fu l "of persons to smear U. and a t t a ck ' t h e - r e v o l u t i o n a r y s t rug - ^, gles fo r l i b e ra t i on waged b y the op- it pressed nations and people. Th is is impermiss ib le and in to l e rab le . " 2

He added tha t the Sou th A f r i c a n racist, reg ime and the Zionists a l - — ways have despicably v i l i f i e d as " t e r - — r o r i s m " the armed struggle waged b y the people of southern A f r i c a against racist ru l e and f o r na t i ona l l i be ra t i on , ma l i gned t h e ; Palestine L ibe ra t i on Organizat ion as a ' - t e r ror i s t o rgan iza t ion" and at tacked the -support g i ven b y the A f r i c a n and S t e e * A r a b countries to the a rmed s t rug gles of the southern A f r i c a n and . Palest in ian peoples as suppor t ing " t e r r o r i s m . " , Wh i l e c l a m o u r i n g - . . - * against i t , they have sought to cover u p the i r o w n t e r ro r i s t act iv i t ies, c r i m i n a l acts o f b r u t a l suppression of the na t i ona l - l i be ra t i on - movement and aggression against t h e ' " A f r i c a n and A r a b states i n an a t t empt to d i ve r t condemnat ion of t h e m b y ' t h e people of the w o r l d and jus t publ i c op in ion.

. The Chinese representat ive .declared: " C h i n a has always, been opposed to adventur i s t acts of t e r r o r i sm as a '•• means, to a t t a in one's -pol i t ical • a im . B u t the root cause of turbulence and ins t ab i l i t y i n the w o r l d today lies i n the superpowers ' policies of aggression and war . Where there is oppression, there are resistance and s t rug gle. The fundamenta l approach rests i n the mob i l i za t i on of the people to oppose the superpowers ' policies of , \ aggression and war . We are ready t o

- jo in a l l . jus t i ce -upho ld ing countries • i n a common endeavour to th is end. "

standing committee of national people's congress hois session

Documents