standards development international practice and hong kong

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Standards DevelopmentInternational Practice and Hong Kong Perspective

Ir. C K CheungHong Kong Accreditation Service

Innovation and Technology CommissionThe Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region

The Functions The Functions ofof

Product Standards Product Standards Information BureauInformation Bureau

(PSIB of HKAS)(PSIB of HKAS)


OrganisationOrganisation Chart of PSIBChart of PSIB

Clerical Staffs

Senior Accreditation Officer

Principal Technical Officer

Assistant Manager(AM(PS))

HKAS Executive Administrator

Manager(M(PS))


Major ResponsibilitiesMajor Responsibilities

• Product Standards Library

• Standards Sales Service

• Technical Enquiry Service

• Participation in International Activities

• Health and Safety Standards Circulars


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Product Standards LibraryProduct Standards Library• a collection of over 120,000 international and

national standards, catalogues and publications. Major collections include:

• product safety information of Hong Kong’s major exporting markets


Standards Sales ServiceStandards Sales Service• arranges the purchase of originals of product

standards from overseas standardisation bodies

• produces photocopies of standards issued by the following three standardisation bodies for sale:


Technical Enquiry ServiceTechnical Enquiry Service• product standards

• certification requirements

• safety requirements

• regulations

• ways to better enable a product to meet the requirements where possible


Participation in International/Regional Participation in International/Regional Activities on Standards and ConformanceActivities on Standards and Conformance

PSIB represents Hong Kong, China in the following international fora on standards and conformance:

• Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Sub-Committee on Standards and Conformance (APEC SCSC)

• International Organisation for Standardisation(ISO)

• Pacific Area Standards Congress (PASC)


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SubSub--Committee on Standards and ConformanceCommittee on Standards and ConformanceFormed in 1994 with a view to pursuing:

Alignment ofstandards

Mutual Recognitionof Conformity Assessment

Result

Transparency of Standards,

Regulations andConformityAssessment

Cooperation inTechnical

InfrastructureDevelopment

Promotion of Good

Regulatory Practice

Hong Kong, China’s participation:

• to adhere to the policy to adopt international standards wherever possible

• to take active steps to take part in mutual recognition agreements

• to support programmes on technical infrastructure development

• to ensure transparency of the standards and conformity assessment information

• to attend SCSC meetings each year and coordinate HKC’s participation in SCSC seminars/ workshop/ training courses

SubSub--Committee on Standards and ConformanceCommittee on Standards and Conformance


• A worldwide federation established in 1947 to promote the development of standardization and related activities in the world.

• Hong Kong, China is a correspondent member of ISO (since 1968): - Attends Annual General Assembly - Nominates industry representatives to take part in anumber of technical committees (TCs), including inter alia:

ISO/IEC JTC 1 on “Information Technology”ISO TC 106 on “Dentistry”ISO TC 201 on “Surface Chemical Analysis”


Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT)Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT)

• requires members to use international standards, as far as possible, as a basis for their technical regulations and guides or recommendations issued by international standardising bodies as a basis for their conformity assessment procedures

• Hong Kong, China is a signatory to the Agreement

• ITC is Hong Kong, China’s notification authority and enquiry point under the Agreement.

The Agreement


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Notification AuthorityAgreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT)Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT)

relevant internationalstandards, guides and

recommendations do notexist or the use of themmay not be appropriate

the adoption of such regulations or

procedures may have significant effect on

trade of other members

Passnotification to the WTOsecretariat

OR

Enquiry PointAgreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT)Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT)

handles enquiries onHong Kong’s

notifications fromother WTO members

monitors notifications which

may affect Hong Kong’smanufacturing industries and informs the relevant

parties accordingly

&


China Relation

• Cooperate with the Mainland in international/ regional fora on standards and conformance

• Under the Mainland and HK Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement (CEPA), the two sides will pursue trade and investment facilitation through greater transparency, standards conformance and enhanced information exchange


International Practice

International Standardization Organization

ISOInnovation and Technology CommissionThe Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region

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Stages of the development of International Standards

• An International Standard is the result of an agreement between the member bodies of ISO

• International Standards are developed by ISO technical committees (TC) and subcommittees (SC)

• Stage 1: Proposal stage • Stage 2: Preparatory stage • Stage 3: Committee stage • Stage 4: Enquiry stage • Stage 5: Approval stage • Stage 6: Publication stage


Stage 1: Proposal stage

• A new work item proposal (NP) is submitted for vote by the members of the relevant TC/SC to determine the inclusion of the work item in the programme of work.

• The proposal is accepted if a majority of the P-members of the TC/SC votes in favour and at least five P-members declare their commitment to participate actively in the project.

• At this stage a project leader responsible for the work item is normally appointed.


Stage 2: Preparatory stage

• A working group of experts, the chairman (convener) of which is the project leader, is set up by the TC/SC for the preparation of a working draft

• Successive working drafts may be considered until the working group is satisfied that it has developed the best technical solution to the problem being addressed

• At this stage, the draft is forwarded to the working group's parent committee for the consensus-building phase


Stage 3: Committee stage

• As soon as a first committee draft is available, it is registered by the ISO Central Secretariat

• It is distributed for comments and, if required, voting, by the P-members of the TC/SC

• Successive committee drafts may be considered until consensus is reached on the technical content

• Once consensus has been attained, the text is finalized for submission as a draft International Standard (DIS)


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Stage 4: Enquiry stage

• DIS is circulated to all ISO member bodies by the ISO Central Secretariat for voting and comment within a period of five months

• It is approved for submission as a final draft International Standard (FDIS) if a two-thirds majority of the P-members of the TC/SC are in favour and not more than one-quarter of the total number of votes cast are negative

• If the approval criteria are not met, the text is returned to the originating TC/SC for further study and a revised document will again be circulated for voting and comment as a draft International Standard


Stage 5: Approval stage• FDIS is circulated to all ISO member bodies by the ISO

Central Secretariat for a final Yes/No vote within a period of two months

• The text is approved as an International Standard if a two-thirds majority of the P-members of the TC/SC are in favour and not more than one-quarter of the total number of votes cast are negative

• If these approval criteria are not met, the standard is referred back to the originating TC/SC for reconsideration in the light of the technical reasons submitted in support of the negative votes received


Stage 6: Publication stage• Once a final draft International Standard has

been approved, only minor editorial changes, if and where necessary, are introduced into the final text.

• The final text is sent to the ISO Central Secretariat which publishes the International Standard


Review of International Standards

(Confirmation, Revision, Withdrawal)

• All International Standards are reviewed at least once every five years by the responsible TCs/SCs

• A majority of the P-members of the TC/SC decides whether an International Standard should be confirmed, revised or withdrawn


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Types of ISO Standards Development Deliverables

• (1) ISO Standard • (2) ISO/PAS

Publicly Available Specification • (3a) ISO/TS Technical specification • (3b) ISO/TR Technical Report • (4) International Workshop Agreement (IWA)


(1) ISO Standard

• A normative document, developed according to consensus procedures, which has been approved by the ISO membership and P-members of the responsible committee in accordance with part 1 of the ISO/IEC Directives as a draft International Standard and/or as a final draft International Standard and which has been published by the ISO Central Secretariat


(2) ISO/PASPublicly Available Specification

• A normative document representing the consensus within a working group

• a) A TC/SC may decide that a particular work item should result in publication of a PAS.

• Normally this decision should be agreed at the outset, i.e. simultaneously with approval of the New Work Proposal Item (NP). The text is developed through the preparatory stage within a working group


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(2) ISO/PASPublicly Available Specification

• At the end of this stage the text shall be submitted for approval either by correspondence or at a meeting for publication as a PAS.

• Acceptance of the document requires approval by a simple majority of the P-members of the TC/SC under which the WG operates.

• PAS shall be reviewed at least every three years to decide either to confirm the PAS for a further three years, revise the PAS, process the PAS further to become either a technical specification or an International Standard, or to withdraw the PAS

• After six years, a PAS shall either be converted into an International Standard or be withdrawn


(3a) ISO/TS Technical Specification

• A normative document representing the technical consensus within an ISO committee

• A TC/SC may decide that a particular work item should result in publication of a technical specification

• The text is developed through the preparatory and committee stages at the end of which the text shall be submitted for a three month vote by the P-members of the committee to approve publication of the document as a technical specification


(3b) ISO/TRTechnical Report

• An informative document containing information of a different kind from that normally published in a normative document

• ISO Technical Reports were essentially of three types: type 1 for documents which had been intended to become standards but for which the required levels of agreement could not be attained, type 2 to describe either the directions of standardization in particular fields or in some instances to make available an experimental standard for trial use, and type 3 which was for information only

• In future, the term ISO technical report will be retained purely for informative documents (TR Type 1 & 2 =TS)



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Who does the work for ISO ?• The technical work of ISO is highly decentralized, carried

out in a hierarchy of some 2 940 technical committees, subcommittees and working groups

• In these committees, qualified representatives of industry, research institutes, government authorities, consumer bodies, and international organizations from all over the world come together as equal partners in the resolution of global standardization problems

• Some 30 000 experts participate in meetings each year • The major responsibility for administrating a standards

committee is accepted by one of the national standards bodies that make up the ISO membership


Member Body

• A member body of ISO is the national body "most representative of standardization in its country". Only one such body for each country is accepted for membership of ISO. Member bodies are entitled to participate and exercise full voting rights on any technical committee and policy committee of ISO.


Correspondent Body

• A correspondent member is usually an organization in a country which does not yet have a fully-developed national standards activity. Correspondent members do not take an active part in the technical and policy development work, but are entitled to be kept fully informed about the work of interest to them.


Subscriber Membership

• Subscriber membership has been established for countries with very small economies. Subscriber members pay reduced membership fees that nevertheless allow them to maintain contact with international standardization.


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ISO/TC 176Quality management and quality

assurance• Secretariat : Standard Council of

Canada• SC1 Concept & terminology• SC2 Quality system• SC3 Others


TC 71 Concrete, reinforced

concrete and pre-stressed concrete

• SC1 Test methods for concrete

• SC2 Concrete production & execution of concrete structures

• SC3 Performance requirements for structural concrete

• ISO 4012 Concrete -- Determination of compressive strength of test specimens

• ISO 4013 Concrete -- Determination of flexural strength of test specimens


TC 74 Cement and Lime

• ISO 679:1989 Methods of testing cements --Determination of strength

• ISO 680:1990 Cement -- Test methods -- Chemical analysis

• ISO 863:1990 Cement -- Test methods -- Pozzolanicitytest for pozzolanic cements

• ISO 9597:1989 Cements -- Test methods -- Determination of setting time and soundness


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Hong Kong, China’s Participation in Technical Committees (as at February 2005)

Technical Committee Title

Representatives

ISO/IEC JTC 1 SC7 / WG10

Information technology Mr Roy Ko, Senior Consultant of HKPC

ISO/IEC JTC 1 SC 29 / WG11

Information technology Mr Rexiang Li, System and IC Designer of Motorola Semiconductors H. K. Ltd.

Mr Oscar Au, Assistant Professor of EEE Dept, HKUST. Mr Tourapis Alexandros, PhD candidate of EEE Dept, HKUST.

ISO/IEC JTC 1 SC 31 Information technology Ms Anna Lin, Chief Executive of HK Article Numbering Association Mr K K Suen, Standards and Technology Consultant of HK Article Numbering Association Ms Connie Tang, Standards and Technology Officer of HK Article Numbering Association

ISO / TC 106 Dentistry Prof B W Darvell of The University of Hong Kong

ISO/TC 159/SC3 Anthropometry and biomechanics

Dr Alexandre Kung, Sterling Products Ltd

ISO / TC 181 Safety of toys Mr Paul Yao and Mr Vincent Tam, ToysCouncil, FHKI Mr FW Lee, Senior Chemist, Government Laboratory, HKSARG

ISO / TC 184 Industrial automation systems and integration

Prof Mitchell Tseng of HKUST

ISO / TC 201 Surface chemical analysis

Mr Raymond Kwok of CUHK

ISO / TC 207 Environmental management

Mr Tom Chapman (already resigned), Business Development Manager of HKPC

European Committee for Standardization

European Union Practice


CEN

Is made up of a ‘system’ to carry out formal processes shared between:

• 28 National Members and the representative expertise they assemble from each country

• 8 Associates; 2 Counsellors (EC, EFTA)• The CEN Management Centre based in

Brusssels

Technical CommitteeManagement Group

Technical Committees

Working Groups andProject Teams

Task Forces and Working Groups

Task Forces and Working Groups

Scheme DevelopmentGroups

Organization of the main committees within the CEN System

Working groups

CEN Workshops

Project Teams

CEN Management Centre(CMC)

CACC1 Financial Affairs CACC1 External Policy

1 CA Consultative Committee

Technical Board (BT)28 National Members (1 member = 1 vote)

+ Obs: Sector Rapporteurs, Assoc., Counsellors

Administrative Board (CA) 28 National Members (1 member = 1 vote)+ Open session: Associates, Counsellors

General Assembly (AG)28 National Members (1 member = 1 vote)+ Obs.: Affiliates, Associates, Counsellors

Standards Distribution Group (SD) Certification Board (CCB)

IT Group


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How it works (1)

Request

Decision – Technical Board

Industrial and social needs

1. European Standards


How it works (2)Work with ISO

(Vienna Agreement)

Use existingdocument(e.g. ISO)

Set up new Technical

Committee

Public enquiry

Formal vote

National implementation

OR OR


How it works (3)2. Workshop agreements

Drafting of a business plan describing the scope, objectives, financing

and schedule

‘Kick-off meeting confirming the business plan, rules of the workshop, chairmanship

and secretariat


How it works (4)

CEN Workshop Agreement (CWA)Published by CEN National Members

Adoption of the documents throughconsensus, working preferably

through the internet

Workshop closed


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Types of document

• European Standard – EN• Technical Specification – CEN/TS• Technical Report – CEN/TR• CEN Workshop Agreement – CWA• CEN Guide


United Kingdom Practice

British Standard InstitutionBSI


BS EN and BS EN ISO

• Most of the BS have been transformed into EN standards

• BS becomes BS EN adding National Annex

• BS EN 197 for cement, BS EN 877 for cast iron pipe

• Some are even transformed into ISO standards, BS EN ISO 9001


American Practice

American National Standards InstituteANSI


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ANSI Accredited Standards Developer

ANSI

AcousticalSociety of America

AmericanSociety of

Civil Engineer

AmericanSociety of

Testing & Mats

AmericanWeldingSociety

AmericanConcreteInstitute

Publish Standards


Hong Kong Perspective

Construction Standards Coordination Organization

CSCO


CSCO Registered Standards Developer

CSCO of CIC

ArchitecturalServices

Department

BuildingDepartment

Standing Committee onConcrete Tech

Fire Services Department

ProfessionalInstitutions

CS1 & CS2


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Types of Standards• Product Standards (Material EN 197-1,

Testing EN 196 and Quality Assurance EN 197-2 standards)

• Design Standards (Code of Practice, Fire Code. R C Code, Steel Code)

• Service Standards (Mini Fire Services Installation)


Roles of HK Professional Institutions

CSCO

HKInstitution ofEngineers

HKInstitution ofArchitects

HKInstitute of

Steel Const

HKInstitute ofAir Quality

HKInstitute of

Fire Engineer

Publish Standards


Principles of Standardization

• Transparency-info accessible to all interested parties• Openness-participation open to all affected parties• Impartiality-no single interest domination• Effectiveness and relevance-response to regulatory &

market needs• Consensus-decision reached through consensus• Flexibility-allow different methodologies to meet

different technology & product sectors• Balanced views-among competing interests


Materials Division of HKIEDiagnostic Testing Group

DT Group

DTSG1Infrared

Thermography

DTSG2Use of Radar

DTSG3Echo

Sounder

DTSG4?TDR for Soil Nail

Publish Practice Note


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Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction

HKISC

Fire Group WeldingGroup

FacadeGroup

OtherGroups

Publish Practice Note


~ The End ~

HKAS Websitewww.info.gov.hk/itc/hkas


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