Copyright © 2019 Tata Consultancy Services Limited

Standardization of representation of materials, manufacturing process and their simulation through metamodeling driven ontology

25-02-2019

2

TCS PREMAP and ICME R&I Program : Vision and Mission

Develop tools, technologies and a digital platform for enabling integrated design of materials, manufacturing processes and products leveraging physics-based simulations,

data-driven reasoning, decision-support tools and knowledge engineering systems

Research & Innovation

Process Modeling and Simulation

Multi-scale Modeling of

Materials

Uncertainty and Robust Design

Design & Decision Support

Data Modeling & Machine Learning

Knowledge Engineering

Model Driven Engineering

Modular Platforms

A Platform for Knowledge-Assisted and

Data-Supported Simulation-Driven Integrated

Engineering of Materials, Manufacturing Processes and Products

“Digital Thread” & “Digital Twin” to enhance core engineering functionalities with physics, data and knowledge driven systems and digital platforms

3

Engineering Challenges in the Digital World

Knowledge Integration

Data Integration

Simulation Integration

Decision Integration

Some pictures taken from internet sources

Making all these available to different stake holders

Digital Enablement : Key Concepts

DomainRepresentation

Engineering Workflows

Instances /Data Sources / Transformers

Machine Learning

Instance Simulation Data Testing

KnowledgeRepository

Knowledge Elements

DocumentsModels Functions Procedures Expert Inputs

5

Metamodeling and Ontology

DomainModels

KnowledgeEngineering

Integration

Extensibility

Code generation

Process

Product

Material

Forging

Gear

Steel

Meta Model

Subject Model

Machine 1

PN101

DP600

Instances

Steel

Low Carbon Steel

DP Steel

6

Material Ontology

STEEL

MATERIAL

Chemical composition

Chemical Element

Phases

Ferrite

Morphology

Grain size

Pearlite

Volume fraction

Property

Density : Thermo-physical property

YS : Mechanical property

Property Relationship

Thermal conductivity

Table

Temperature vs Thermal conductivity

Value wt%

Value vol%

Type: Globular

Value ASTM No.

Thermal Conductivity: Thermo-physical property

Type:TableC

7

Material Metamodel

8

Material Metamodel – Steel Ontology

9

Metamodels – Manufacturing Process with Equipment

10

Interconnected Metamodels

Design/Engineering Process/Workflow

Knowledge Representation

Component / Part

Manufacturing / Testing / Plant

Process

Material Equipment

Simulation Tool

Product / System

Mesh

Simulation Process

FMEA Process (In Progress)

11

Knowledge Representation Using Ontology

Intent ModelContext Model

Knowledge Element Model

Ontology Model

To describe contexts of interest Knowledge is generated in a context

Knowledge serves an intent in a context Support multiple forms of knowledge such as models,

rules, cases, design templates, documents, etc. Support automated as well as human reasoning

Meta and subject ontologies Domain axioms and rules

Model the space of decision problems, tasks and questions that are relevant

TablesText

Expressions Rules Cases

Functions Procedures Workflows

Documents

Current Domain Intent

Current Problem Context

Retrieval Engine

Knowledge Repository

Knowledge Elements

12

Ontologies Driven Data Integration

• Data of materials and processes is available in a multitude of sources• Laboratory Databases

• Factory Floor Databases

• Third Party Proprietary Data

• Integration by mapping source specific data models to domain ontology

Domain Ontology

(Subject Model)

Lab Database Factory Database

Mapping Mapping

Simulation Tool

Mapping

Optimization of Ladle-Tundish-Caster Operations

Refractory temperature profile

Temperature contours - Tundish

Columnar to equiaxed - Casting

14

Curation of Knowledge from Documents

General Literature Enterprise Reports

and Documentation

Ontology Mining Rule ExtractionDomain Specific

Information retrieval

Text Mining / Natural Language Processing

Validation and Curation

Concept building tools used for extraction of ontologies and rules from input text sources

15

Summary

Need flexible hierarchical ontological models of all entities of interest,

enabling progressive specialization of concept models

Ontologies should enable interconnectedness amongst different subject

areas (products, processes, materials)

Need enabling mechanisms to define ontologies and deploy them in digital

infrastructures of the enterprise

Thank You

17

Material Metamodel – Steel Ontology

TCS Confidential

18

Modeling Layers & Knowledge Models

instanceOf

0..*

Feature

0..*

instanceOf

phaseMaterial Phase PhaseFeature

Steel ontology

XF300

Steel:Material

Ferrite : Phase Morphology:

PhaseFeature

GrainSize: PhaseFeature

Pearlite : Phase

Material meta ontologyKnowledge related to sum of volume fraction of phases in Material is one as an axiom

Knowledge of steel having certain types of crystallographic phases

Knowledge of phases of DPSteelshould have restriction of phases to ferrite, martensite and retained-austenite

Parameter0..*

Parameter

Shape: Parameter

ASTMNo: Parameter

XF300:Steel

Ferrite : Phase:Morphology

:GrainSizePearlite : Phase

Globular:Shape

8:ASTMNo

Phase Fraction: Double

Phase Fraction: Double

Phase Fraction: 0.8

Models for Simulation Tool & Mesh

19

Simulation Model

Mesh Model

20

Ontology Elements to Knowledge Elements

Parameters calculated in the intermediate

steps of MS Calculation

1. Coefficient of Rigidity

2. Stress allowable

3. Radius of gyration

4. Effective length

5. Etc….

Sim

ula

tio

n /

D

esig

n T

oo

l

CodeYY- Comp196 HSLA Extrusion

Property (E, G, Nu etc..)

1. Method to compute coefficient of rigidity

2. Method to compute radius of gyration

Code XX – Comp2524 DP600 Sheet

Property (E, G, Nu etc..)

Design Process

Sim

ula

tio

n /

Des

ign

Par

ams.

XYZ Design Process

Sim

ula

tio

n /

D

esig

n T

oo

l

Sim

ula

tio

n /

Des

ign

Par

ams.

Steel

MaterialProperties

1. E, nu,

2. YS, UTS

Instances

Knowledge Component: XYZ

Req: MS-Buck

Design Process: Compute MS in Buckling->Analytical

Design Params:

Intermediate SpecificationsKnowledge Element

ContextContext

Intent