staircase design: basic terms - cvut.czkps.fsv.cvut.cz/upload/files/k124bs-5-stiars.pdf ·...

CZECH TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE DEPARTMENT OF BUILDING STRUCTURES

Staircase Design: Basic Terms

• Step: tread, riser, nosing, starting step/bullnose, winder, kite winder

• Stringer

• Flight of stairs

• Stair landing, platform: half, quarter

• Stairwell

• Railing: baluster, volute,

• Riser height, tread depth, going

• Slope, pitch, pitch line

• Headroom, headpass

• Walk line: curved, straight


Longest Stairs:

Niesenbahn

Funicular

SWITZERLAND


Hua Shan, outside Xi'an, China

JAPAN


Staircase Design and Materials

• Reinforced

• concrete:

• Precast

• Monolithic

• Wooden

• Stone

• Masonry

• Glass

• Metals

• …


Staircase Design: Forms of stairs

• Straight

• Curved

• Combined


PLAN OF STAIRCASE


VERTICAL CUT STAIRS


Staircase Design: Statics

Additional supporting structures:

• ½ height load bearing walls

• Additional tension frame / rods / walls

• Additional intermediate beam



„slab to slab“ 1x inclined slab 2x inclined slab


Static schema – double staircase


Prefabricated slab staircase


Example of design of staircase structural wall system


Staircase Design: Basic Rules

• Width of stairs: n x (600mm) (ČSN 73 4130)

• (family houses: 900mm,

• residential houses: 1100mm,

• Width of landing: [width of stairs] + (100-200)mm

• Width of intermediate landing: equal to neighbouring flights of

stairs

• No obstacles in the landing width

• Door opening direction > according to the emergency directions

● Vertical comunications

0 – 10° ramps

10 – 58° staircase

58 – 90° ladder


Optimal Angle for

Residential houses by building code: 25°- 35°


VERTICAL CUT STAIRS


SECTION AND PLAN OF SLANT RAMP PLAN OF SLANT RAMP

● Vertical comunications

RAMPS from 0 – 10°



• Angle: 25°- 35°

• Steps: all must have same tread and riser (width and height)

• Maximum: 18 steps in one flight of stairs (better max. 16, minimum 3)

• Optimal step height h0: 150-180mm

• Approximate step height: n = SH / h0

• Step height h: h = SH / n

• Step width b: 2.h + b = 630

After calculation: check the available space for staircase!

Number of steps = number of heights = (number of withs) – 1 !



• Headroom or underpass height:

h1 = 1500 + 750/cosa > 2100mm

• Clearance height or Tangent

height:

h2 = 750 + 1500.cosa > 1950mm


Static schema – three - flight staircase


Most frequent solution

Slab staircase: detail landing-flight


DETAIL LANDING-FLIGHT – INTERSECTION IN ONE LINE


BOARD STAIRCASE WITH

EDGES DEGREE IN ONE

LINE

STAIR GEOMETRY


Staircase

Design:

Most

Frequent

Geometry


Staircase Design: Acoustics

• Dividing walls must meet acoustic parameters:

Rw‘=52dB

• Separation of slabs:

http://www.schoeck.co.uk/en_gb/solutions-uk/tronsole--40







Staircase Design: Home work for Your Task

For one selected variant provide:

• Plan and section, scale 1:50, A3

• List of materials

• The cutting plane position drawn

• Detailed drawing (scale 1:10):

• The connection of the flight and landing slabs

• All floor layers

• Description of acoustic problems solution

• Handrail

• The intermediate landing supporting structure

staircase design: basic terms - cvut.czkps.fsv.cvut.cz/upload/files/k124bs-5-stiars.pdf ·...

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