st andrew's c e primary school oxford reading difficulties & how to overcome them
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St Andrew's C E Primary School Oxford
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Word
recog
nit
ion
Good language
comprehension, poor word recognition
Good word recognition,
good language comprehensio
n
Poor word recognition,
poor language comprehensio
n
Good word recognition,
poor language comprehensio
n
Language comprehension
St Andrew's C E Primary School Oxford
What is Dyslexia? (Rose Report, 2009)
• ‘Dyslexia is a learning difficulty that primarily affects the skills involved in accurate & fluent word reading & spelling.’
• Occurs across the range of intellectual abilities.
• Continuum
St Andrew's C E Primary School Oxford
Children may have difficulties with• phonological awareness(identifying & manipulating sounds)•verbal memory (retaining an ordered sequence of verbal material) •verbal processing (processing familiar verbal information e.g. letters & digits)• Visual memory (tracking & processing).
Characteristic features of dyslexiaCharacteristic features of dyslexia
St Andrew's C E Primary School Oxford
Other Associated Difficulties with Reading Difficulties & Dyslexia
• poor gross and fine motor coordination
• weak language skills and word finding difficulties
• difficulty with short term and working memory
• unable to follow complex instructions
• poor organisation and management of time
• low self esteem
Note: These are not by themselves markers of dyslexia.
St Andrew's C E Primary School Oxford
Key to Success
• Ensure they have focused, early intervention to support their literacy
•Make dyslexic learners into successful learners
• Put in place strategies to
support their learning which
will benefit all pupils
St Andrew's C E Primary School Oxford
Developing word recognition skills
• phoneme awareness and phonics teaching
• repetition and teaching of ‘tricky’ words
St Andrew's C E Primary School Oxford
Developing language comprehension
• talking with children
• reading to children
• learning about words
• teaching comprehension strategies
St Andrew's C E Primary School Oxford
How to support short term memory
• Mind mapping
• Precision teaching
• Over learning
• Chunking instructions
• Repetition of instructions
• Visual timetables
St Andrew's C E Primary School Oxford
Targeted areas of intervention
decoding
comprehension
Pre-reading skills
St Andrew's C E Primary School Oxford
Reading has two components
Word Recognition
The ability to recognise words presented in and out
of context.
The ability to apply phonic rules - blending phonemes to
decode.
High quality phonics work – prime approach for beginners
in learning to decode and encode.
Comprehension
The process by which word information, sentences and discourse are interpreted.
The same processes underlie comprehension of both oral and
written language.
Continues to develop throughout life!