spring presentation may 9th 2014 - pbl labpbl.stanford.edu/aec projects/year...
TRANSCRIPT
Spring Presentation
may 9th 2014
CONCRETE
DESIGN
CHOSEN
Winter quarter decision matrix
General conditions
Campus placed in concavity between arms of a
sierra nevada mountain range, which can be
seen from 2nd
level in the buildings
Site Analysis
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Jan
Feb
Mar
Ap
r
May Jun
Jul
Au
g
Sep
Oct
No
v
Dec
Climate data
Precipitation inches x10
Snowfall inches x10
Record high °F
Average high °F
Average temp °F
Average low °F
Record low °F
● Summer: hot days / cold
nights
● Winter: Cold, Snowfall
● Sunshine hours a year: 3650
● Very dry desert climate
● Santana winds - dust / heat
Climate background
- Slightly sloped terrain
- Water Table an Frost Line at 4’ under grade
- Heavy Earthquakes
Probabilities for the next 50 years:
> 95 % magnitude 5.0
~ 20 % Magnitude 7.0
Site Constraints
View 1 View 2
View 3
View 1
View 2
View 3
3
1
2
View 4
View 5 View 6
4
5
6
Double diamond footprint Position on the site
INSPIRATION CAME FROM THE SURROUNDING ENVIRONMENT
1. IDEA OF CLIMBING THE
MOUNTAIN….
REVERSED!
2. SO THE BUILDING GROWS UP WHEN
YOU CLIMB IT TO GET NICE VIEWS TO
THE MOUNTAINS
3. CRACKING THE
BUILDING IN TWO
SEPARATE
4. SPLIT LEVELS
That enhances visual
connections in the
builidng and allow for
the bigger clearance in
rooms
5. CREATING A LIGHT
TUNNEL IN THE HEART
Atrium provides even
more daylight
6. CONNECTING SPLIT
LEVELS BY ADA RAMP
so continuous carpet is
created within entire
building
Slipping Building Concept: Split Floor Ramp System
Two halves of the building slide and connections are detailed
to allow slippage during earthquake.
ASCE 7-10 Chapter 12.12.3
Building designed for 2% Story Drift
Top of building seismic expansion joint
→ requires 1’ joint minimum.
Stanford University - Center
for Clinical Science Research
Seismic Expansion Joint
http://mmsystemscorp.com/ejp/
Roof and Façade DetailingTeflon and Polished
Steel Sliders
1’ gap at roof
Linear interpolation of gap sizing
at different story levels
Slipping Building Concept: Detailing
35‘ RC Beam
24“ x 12“
Seismic Gap 1‘
Deflections
0.03 in
10‘‘ Slab
Ramp Consideration
Roof sliders
Connection Details
Bolted Connection
Open or Closed
Swaged Socket
Gusset Plate
welded to C-Channel
Ramp Consideration
Temporary formwork for ramp
construction
• Reduce VOC loads
• Remove CO2, Replacing it with O2
• People perform better in
environments with plants
• Reduce Stress
• Prevent Fatigue
HEALTHY LIVING
DIRTT BREATHE WALL
Life Cycle
Renewable
LocalRecycle
Thermafleece
- Insulating
wool batt
Modular
floor carpet
tiles
Fiber Optic Daylighting
Passive Dynamic Glazing
Fall
protection
gear
HandrailsTemporary
Gravel
cover
Site visualization with BIM
BASEMENT LEVEL
ENTRANCE LEVEL
Level 1.5
Level 2
Level 2.5
Level 3
Prefabricated aluminum façade
• Sustainable
technology
• 1/10 installation time
• 20% cheaper
Dirtt modular internal walls
• Corrosion resistant
alloy
• Surface is dirt-
repellent
Production Strategy
Landscaping
EVACUATION EXITS FROM BASEMENT LEVEL AND LEVEL 1
1378 k (SW-side) / 1655 k (NE-side)
Site Class B (Rock)
Dead Load
125 psf
115 psf
115 psf
115 psf
Live Load
30 - 100 psf
30 - 100 psf
40 - 100 psf
30 - 100 psf
Snow Load 15 psf
Airhandling Unit 1,5 kips
Water Cistern 10 kips
Superimp. Dead Load 25 psf
Solar Panels 10 psf
Loads
18‘ 2‘‘
16‘ 3‘‘
17‘ 4‘‘
12‘ 9‘‘
10‘ 5‘‘
19‘ 10‘‘ 14‘ 1‘‘ 21‘ 10‘‘ 19‘ 2‘‘
14‘ 0‘‘
17‘
16‘ 8‘‘
17‘ 4‘‘
10‘
14‘ 10‘‘ 8‘ 6‘‘ 16‘ 3‘‘ 18‘ 2‘‘17‘ 3‘‘
12‘‘ shear wall
12‘‘ x 12‘‘
Columns
Auditorium Side
Non-Auditorium Side
Floorplan: Basement
18‘ 2‘‘
16‘ 3‘‘
17‘ 4‘‘
12‘ 9‘‘
10‘ 5‘‘
19‘ 10‘‘ 14‘ 1‘‘ 21‘ 10‘‘ 19‘ 2‘‘
14‘ 0‘‘
17‘
16‘ 8‘‘
17‘ 4‘‘
10‘
14‘ 10‘‘ 8‘ 6‘‘ 16‘ 3‘‘ 18‘ 2‘‘17‘ 3‘‘
12‘‘ shear wall
12‘‘ x 12‘‘ columns
12‘‘ x 12‘‘ slanted columns
Cantilever (4‘ / 8‘)
Cantilever
(6‘ 6‘‘ / 10‘ 6‘‘)
PT Girders
20‘‘ x 36‘‘
15‘‘ x 30‘‘
Floorplan: 1st
Floor
banded tendons
Distributed tendons
Tendon on Gridline 3
7‘‘ Slab
5 ksi NW-Concrete
Tendon between Gridline C and D
Tendon Layout: Non-Auditorium Side
banded tendons Distributed tendons
Long term Loss 13,5%
Tendon on Gridline 3
Tendon Layout: Auditorium Side
[in]Terrace Level
Class U
3RD
Level
0.22 in
0.20 in
0.35 in
0.20 in
Slab design: Deflections
Halfen HDB Software Tool
European Technical Approval ETA 12/0454
[in]
28
1263
3
3 6 3
Max P = 106 kips
Shear and Punching Reinforcement
7‘‘ slab
12‘‘ x 12‘‘ Column
9 #9
#5 @ 8‘‘
#6 @ 10‘‘
Punching Reinforcement not shown
#5 @ 8‘‘
#6 @ 10‘‘
Additional Wall Shear
Reinforcement
Slab – Column Detail
Slab – Wall Detail
Column Reinforcement And Connection Details
Max P = 90 kips
7‘‘ slab
12‘‘ x 12‘‘ Column
4 #6
#5 @ 8‘‘
#6 @ 10‘‘
Additional Reinforcement
3 #5
Slab – Slanted Column Detail
Column Reinforcement And Connection Details
2 independent Models
Shear Wall Layout
Auditorium Side
Non-Auditorium Side
Etabs – Linear Model
X-Direction Y-Direction
max 0,3% max 0,9%
Non-Auditorium Side - Maximum Story Drift
max 1,7% max 2,0%
X-Direction Y-Direction
Auditorium Side - Maximum Story Drift
Foundations: 6“ Slab on grade
36“ x 36“ strip footing
6‘ by 6‘ Footings (1,5‘ deep)
12“ x 12“ Columns
8 #9 Bars
Maximum Force
440 kips
Etabs – Member Forces (Axial)
Etabs – Nonlinear Static Pushover Analysis
Nonlinear PMM Hinge
Hinges are calculated
from section design
Etabs – Nonlinear Model
Non-Auditorium Auditorium
Etabs – Nonlinear Model
Non-Linear Model
0,66 s0,63 s
Linear Model
0,41 s 0,36 s
Etabs – Comparison Mode shapes
very little nonstructural damage for 2500 year earthquake
safe for use immediately following the earthquake
Etabs – NSP Results
Accelerometer
Back Calculation of Building
Response
Structural Health Monitoring
Wall Hung Radiators
− No impact on room
height
− More responsive
than radiant floor
heating
− Improved thermal
comfort
HEATING
Cooling
Radiant ceiling panels
− Low risk of draft
− Require less
overhead space
than chilled beams
− Higher capacity
compared to
radiant floor
cooling
− Sized for minimum ASHRAE requirements
− Auditorium – Personalized ventilation.
UFAD PERSONAL VENTILATIONAHU 2
2750 CFM
AHU 1
4100 CFM
Ventilation
high clearance for
occupant comfort
− PT Slab: 7”
− Ducts: 8”
Floor Sandwich
Interior AHUs
− No rooftop air-handlers
− Possible with the 10ft projection
Basement Level
Top Floor
Solar PV Panels
− Panels: 171
− Total capacity:
56 kW
− Annual Production:
84,200 kWh
− Annual Energy Savings:
$23,370
-$200,000
-$150,000
-$100,000
-$50,000
$-
$50,000
$100,000
$150,000
$200,000
$250,000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Years
Trade-Off Analysis : PV-Panels
− 4% Discount Rate
− Breakeven point at 12 years
Solar Economics
− Building Responsiveness – Circadian Rhythms
− Estimated Energy Savings: 800 kWh
Parans Tracker
Fiber Optic Lighting
Sustainable Target Value: Water Challenge
− 6 Tidal Cells
− Sized above 5%
of building Area
Living Machine
− Method of accounting for the Living Machine
Water Target
Ground Source Heat Pump
Basement
Level
MEP Educational Room
Small Cistern
− 5’ Diameter
− 7.5’ Height
− 1100 Gallons
Rainwater Harvesting
Drinking Fountain
−Services students
after recent rainfall
Reverse Osmosis
−Removes Chemicals
−Purifies on-demand
Reverse Osmosis Purification
Energy Tracking Board
Living Machine UV
Disinfection
MEP Education Room
−In place of roller shades
−Less maintenance
−Improved responsiveness
Passive Dynamic Glazing
Passive Dynamic Glazing
0%
100%
200%
300%
400%
500%
600%
700%
February March April May
Percent of
Target
Global Warming
Potential (CO2-eq)
Energy (MJ)
Water (kg)
Sustainable Target Value Progression
−February: Initial Material Estimates
−March: Add Energy Consumption
−April: Refine Design, Add Materials
−May: Account for Living Machine, Adjust PVs
April 25
February 7 March 14
May 8
H2O H2O
H2O H2O
GWP GWP
GWPGWP
Energy Energy
EnergyEnergy
Evolution of the Sustainable target Value
Sustainable Target Value: Results
EROSION & DUST CONTROL PLAN
SITE LAYOUT & LOGISTICS
MATERIAL SUPPLIERS
TOWER CRANE MOBILE CRANE
Space Available
Operating Efficiency
Price
Manageability
Mobilization
FINAL DECISION:
MOBILE HYDRAULIC ALL
TERRAIN 30 TON CRANE
WITH 101’ BOOM
OTHER EQUIPMENT
• JOHN DEERE DIESEL
POWERED EXCAVATOR.
BUCKET CAPACITY 0.79 CY
• JOHN DEERE DIESEL
POWERED DOZER. BLADE
CAPACITY 2.9 CY
• JOHN DEERE DIESEL
POWERED GRADER. BLADE
PULL 28,990 LBS
CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT
ERECTION SEQUENCE
SCHEDULE
May June July August OctoberSeptember November December January February March
Construction Starts Construction Ends
Computer Lab
+HVAC
ELECTRICAL
INTERIOR FINISHES
PLUMBING
EXTERIOR FINISHES
LANDSCAPING
SUBMITTAL
PROCUREMENT
SITEWORK
FOUNDATION
EXCAVATION
FRAMING
Building Close-in
LOCATION BASED SCHEDULE
May June July August September October November December January February
March
LVL 1
LVL 1.5
LVL 2
LVL 2.5
LVL
3
INT
PLUMB
ELEC
EXT
HVACB
LVL
LVL
1
LVL
1.5
LVL
2
LVL
2.5
FOUNDATION
EXCAVATION
LANDSCAPING
EXTERIOR
FURNISHINGS
LVL
CLOSE
IN
LVL
CLOSE
IN
LVL
CLOSE
IN
LVL
CLOSE
IN
LVL
CLOSE
IN
LVL
CLOSE
IN
INT
PLUMB ELEC
EXT
HVAC
INT
PLUMB ELEC
EXT
HVAC
INT
PLUMB ELEC
EXT
HVAC
INT
PLUMB ELEC
EXT
HVAC
INT
PLUMB ELEC
EXT
HVAC
OVERALL MAN-HOUR DISTRIBUTION
CREW 1
BASEMENT
LVL
(AREA A)
CREW 1
LVL 1.5
(AREA A)
CREW 2
LVL 1
(AREA B)SHELL
SPLIT LEVEL
CREW
DISTRIBUTION
FACADE
SPLIT LEVEL
CREW
DISTRIBUTION
CREW 1
LVL 1.5
(AREA B)
CREW 2
LVL 1
(AREA A)
CREW 2
LVL 2
(AREA A)
RS Means
Bare
Estimate
Assembly
Cost
Historic
comparison
Unit CostModify
Estimate
SYNCED BIM
MODELS
WEEKLY
QUANTITY
EXTRACTION
USING
INNOVAYA
EXPORTED
INNOVAYA
TAKEOFFS TO
TVD
WHY INNOVAYA
• Easy To Use
• More Reliable Quantity
Takeoffs
• Avoids Repetition
WINTERCOST ESTIMATING METHODOLOGY
SPRING
BATCH QUANTITIES EXPORTED TO TVD
Innovaya
DIRRT SOFTWARE
TVD
FINAL
ESTIMATED
VALUE =
$ 9,790,000
General Requirements11%
Concrete17%
Metals10%
Finishes7%
Plumbing/Mechanical/Electrical
20%
Earthwork5%
Special Construction
30%
CONCRETE
CSI Masterformat 2010 ESTIMATED VALUE TARGET VALUE VALUE DELTA
TOTAL $ 9,787,424 $ 9,600,000 $ (187,424)
General Requirements $ 1,062,124 $ 1,152,000 $ 89,876 Concrete $ 1,624,898 $ 1,692,000 $ 67,102 Metals $ 1,035,600 $ 672,000 $ (363,600)Finishes $ 652,378 $ 600,000 $ (52,378)
Plumbing/Mechanical/Electrical$ 1,911,700 $ 1,968,000
$ 56,300
Earthwork $ 453,332 $ 468,000 $ 14,668 Special Construction $ 3,047,391 $ 3,048,000 $ 609
COST ESTIMATE
BIM MANAGER
ARCH
MEPSE
BIM ORGANIZATION
Building Coordination
Team Process Improvements from winter quarter
- More subgroup meetings
- Enhanced and efficient communication
Model
integration
& clash
tests
Setting
rules &
saving
viewpoints
with
comments
Clash
detection
meetings &
resolutions
Clash Detection
Façade – CM/ARCH Ramp – SE/ARCH
- Synchronous Graphic Collaboration
- simple Sketches enhance interdisciplinary
Understanding
- A team is smarter than the Individual Member
Key Skills Demonstrated
Graphic communication on key challenges
Collaboration Staying on track
KEY LESSON LEARNED = TRANSPARENCY is key
Lessons Learned
“people are more lovable in person”
“learn the most when other disciplines
answer your questions”
“you never know what your cyber friends
are doing if their web-cam is off”
“patience does not solve everything”
“there is always something someone did not
tell you”
“talk with sensitivity and compromise”
Thank you owners, mentors,
and Renate! Danke!
Dziękuję bardzo!