sports&soc ses 13 euskadi
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Note the names“País vasco” / Basque Country: spanish name
for the Autonomous Comunity.Euskadi: name in basque.Euskal Herria: in basque language it means:
”land of basques”, includes Navarra territory and french Basque Country. Similar to Catalonia and Catalan Territories (Valencia,
Balearic Islands and French Catalonia.
Euskadi has 2.100.000 inhabitants.
Language in EuskadiEuskera or basque.Euskera doesn’t have as much importance as
catalan does in Catalonia.Euskera is a language without an specific
origin: it’s not romanic (no ties to latin as does catalán or spanish).
To understand Euskadi well you have to know basque culture (languae, music, literature, media…).
GovernmentThe name of President of Euskadi:
“lehendakari” (basque word).They have an autonomous state but different
from Catalonia (collect taxes and give a part to Spain. In Catalonia is the other way around: Spain gives a part to Catalonia).The basque tax collecting system is called
“economic agreement”.Before the growth of catalan separatism in the
recent years, Catalonia wanted the same tax system as Euskadi.
The Guernica tree (an oak) a symbol of basque freedom (the place where politicians took oath).
1937 nazi aerial attack in Guernica(inspired Picasso painting).
Terrorism 1959 ETA was founded (Euskadi Ta
Askatasuna: ”Basque country and freedom").
Separatist basque terrorist group. Huge influence on spanish politics
until XXIst century. Terrorism: very complex and deep
issue in Euskadi. Terrorism divides people (pro-ETA and against ETA).
They have killed cops, military officers, bussinesmen, politicians.
Random bomb attacks (Barcelona “Hipercor Attack").
2011 ETA announce the end of terrorist actions.
TRAINERASTrainera (traditional rowing):Typical boats of fishermen of Cantabric sea (the name of this part of Atlantic Ocean).
Now rowing competitions are celebrated (San Sebastián beach, for example).
TRUNK CUTTING
Aizkolari: basque name for the trunk cutters (in basque language: "person that works with an axe").
Competitions between aizkolaris: winner was the one who cut the trunk (or trunks) first.
ROCK LIFTINGHarri-jasotze (harri: rock, jaso: to lift).You have to lift rocks of different weights: 100, 112'5, 125 o 212,5 kgs (220, 248, 275, 467 pounds)
Record: Iñaki Perurena lifted a 100 kgs. rock 1000 times in 5 hours and 4 minutes.
BASQUE PELOTAIn euskera: pilota.Players: pelotaris.Name of the court: court wall (“frontón”).Also popular in America (USA and Latin America).Many different varieties:
Pelota mano. (ball with hand)Cesta-punta (o jai alai).Remonte.Share.Paleta goma, paleta argentina o pelota paleta.Paleta negra.Etc.