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SPE Aberdeen S implified S eries 2014 Demystifying Petroleum Engineering. Sponsored by Shell UK Limited. Ross Lowdon June 4 th 2014. SPE Aberdeen S implified S eries 2014 Demystifying Petroleum Engineering. WELLBORE SURVEY S IMPLIFIED. Kindly Sponsored by - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Ross Lowdon June 4th 2014
SPE Aberdeen Simplified Series 2014Demystifying Petroleum Engineering
Sponsored by Shell UK Limited
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Ross Lowdon June 4th 2014
SPE Aberdeen Simplified Series 2014Demystifying Petroleum Engineering
WELLBORE SURVEY SIMPLIFIED
Kindly Sponsored by Shell UK Limited
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Agenda Defining a survey
History of Wellbore surveying
Why do surveys matter?
Survey errors
Future of surveying
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What is a Survey?
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J-67I-67
A-67C-67M-66
G-67
K-57
E-57
D-57
P-56O-66
P-66
J-66K-66
P-76
Wellbore
MD = lengthOf wellboreAlong path
TVD = Vertical depthIndependent
Of path
MEASUREMENTS OFFSURFACE LOCATION
start pointDEPTH
measured from a datumINCLINATIONfrom vertical
AZIMUTHaligned to a North ref
D-66
Existing wellCurrently drillingSurface well locationWellbore trajectories
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History of Wellbore surveying Texas 1890’s
Next door “stealing oil”
“Prove it”
Jam Jar acid level
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History of Wellbore surveying 1930 Photo Magnetic single shot
1930 Photo Gyroscopic survey
1980 Measurement While Drilling
1999 Gyro While Drilling
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Survey Technologies Magnetic
– Robust and RT 5 second surveys– Poor reference– Affected by offset casing
Gyroscopic– Excellent Reference– Sensitive RT 2-7mins– Not affected by offset casing
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Why Does a Wellbore Survey Matter Avoiding wells collisions Avoiding well control issues Relief wells
Ensure you hit the your targets LWD to reservoir model tie in Reserves estimates Legal requirements
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The Value of Good Surveying Practice
Shorter gyro run $15K
Saved casing survey $125K
Production ‘shut in’ $700K
Target sidetrack $2–3M
Dry well $25M
Major collision blowout $$$??
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Avoiding other Wells
Well avoidance– Complex and contradictory data– Managing the survey data– Poor data quality/missing data
Survey Management– Ensuring data accuracy– Ensuring reserves estimates– Ensuring HSE
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Lateral MWD Survey Errors
Main = Bm Crustal = Bc Disturbance = Bd DS interference = Bds
Total Magnetic Field = Bm + Bc + Bd ± Bds
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Improving Definition
BGGM 54 degree HDGM 720 degree MagVar 5,400 degree
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Capturing the Crustal FieldAeromag or Marine
Aeromag schematic 3D mag cube
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Optimising Lateral Survey Accuracy
Advanced survey QC
Local magnetic map
Multi-station correction
IFR = 65% Lateral EOU reduction
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TVD Survey Errors
BHA misalignment Mechanical and temperature pipe stretch Survey frequency Measurement error
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MWD sensor aligned with wellbore axis
Tilted MWD sensor from wellbore axis
BHA Mis-alignment
What effect does it have?– <0.1° to 1.0° in inclination– 0 ft to 100+ ft of TVD– Stabilizer wear?
Measured
Actual
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Mechanical and Temperature Stretch Steel expands with temperature and stress Pipe stretch
– Vertical—TVD error– Horizontal—MD error– 1.3 m/1,000 m/100 degC—thermal– Mechanical 1 m/1,000 m—force
Can be corrected
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Survey Frequency
What is happening between 90 ft surveys?
Well placement issues– Reservoir modeling– Geo-steering – Log interpretation
Well engineering issues– Running casing– Completion flow modeling– ESP flow modeling
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Sensor Errors
Inclination measurements ±0.1º– Industry standard– Gyro tools same specification– Calibrated– Capable of higher accuracy
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TVD Optimisation—is the Accuracy Real?Case Study Use RSS + MWD D&I EMS used to confirm MWD LWD proved TVD Captured stabilizer wear Saved appraisal well 12 m TVD error at 12,5 km
1750
1760
1770
1780
17902,560 2,570 2,580 2,590 2,600 2,610
TVD
(m)
2m /
divi
sion
Pressure(2 psi/division)
Pre - Production Pressures(2 sigma +/- 6.2m)
well 1 pressures
pilot 2 pressures
well 2 pressures
well 3 pressures
well 4 pressures
well 5 pressures
well 6 pressures
well 7 pressures
(+/- 6.2m)
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Future of Surveying Combined magnetic and gyro tools
Real time inertial surveying
Hole curvature measurements
Autonomous drilling machines
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Questions?
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NEXT SIMPLIFIED SERIES PRESENTATION
• Simplified Series is held every first Wednesday of each calendar Month
• Next Venue – Wednesday July 2, 2014• Station Hotel Aberdeen (The Ballroom)• Russel Morrice North Sea Drilling Engineering
Manager BP• Drilling Engineering Simplified
SPE Simplified Series Sponsored by Shell UK Limited
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SPE Aberdeen Simplified Series 2014Demystifying Petroleum Engineering
Organised by SPE Aberdeen Young ProfessionalsContact us: [email protected] [email protected]
SPE Simplified Series Sponsored by Shell UK Limited