spondylosis medicine

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SpondylosisFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia(Redirected from Cervical spondylosis)

Jump to: navigation, searchThis article does not cite any references or sources.

Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (December 2007)Not to be confused with spondylitis, spondylolysis, or spondylolisthesis.SpondylosisClassification and external resourcesICD-10 M47.ICD-9 721OMIM 184300DiseasesDB 12323MedlinePlus 000436eMedicine neuro/564MeSH D013128

Spondylosis is a term referring to degenerative osteoarthritis of the joints between the centra of the spinal vertebrae and/or neural foraminae. In this condition the interfacetal joints are not involved. If severe, it may cause pressure onnerve roots with subsequent sensory and/or motor disturbances, such as pain, paresthesia, or muscle weakness in the limbs.

When the space between two adjacent vertebrae narrows, compression of a nerve root emerging from the spinal cord may result in radiculopathy (sensory and motordisturbances, such as severe pain in the neck, shoulder, arm, back, and/or leg,accompanied by muscle weakness). Less commonly, direct pressure on the spinal cord (typically in the cervical spine) may result in myelopathy, characterized byglobal weakness, gait dysfunction, loss of balance, and loss of bowel and/or bladder control. The patient may experience a phenomenon of shocks (paresthesia) inhands and legs because of nerve compression and lack of blood flow. If vertebrae of the neck are involved it is labelled cervical spondylosis. Lower back spondylosis is labeled lumbar spondylosis.Contents[hide]

* 1 Treatment* 2 Surgery* 3 See also* 4 References* 5 External links

[edit] Treatment

"Treatment is usually conservative in nature; the most commonly used treatmentsare nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), physical therapy, and lifestyle modifications. Alternative therapies such as osteopathic manipulative medicine (OMM), massage, trigger-point therapy, chiropractic and acupuncture may be uti

lized to control pain and maintain musculoskeletal function in some people. Surgery is occasionally performed. Many of the treatment modalities for cervical spondylosis have not been subjected to rigorous, controlled trials. Surgery is advocated for cervical radiculopathy in patients who have intractable pain, progressive symptoms, or weakness that fails to improve with conservative therapy. Surgical indications for cervical spondylosis with myelopathy (CSM) remain somewhat controversial, but "most clinicians recommend operative therapy over conservativetherapy for moderate-to-severe myelopathy." (Baron, M.E.) Physical therapy maybe effective for restoring range of motion, flexibility, and core strengthening.Decompressive therapies (i.e. manual mobilization, mechanical traction) may als


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o help alleviate pain. However, physical therapy cannot "cure" the degeneration,and some people view that strong compliance with postural modification is necessary to realize maximum benefit from decompression and flexibility rehabilitation. Understanding anatomy is the key to conservative management of spondylosis.[edit] Surgery

Many different surgical procedures have been developed to alleviate the signs and symptoms associated with spondylosis. The vertebral column can be approached by the surgeon from the front, side, or rear. Osteophytes and sometimes portionsof an intervertebral disc are commonly removed in an effort to relieve pressureon adjacent nerve roots and/or the spinal cord.[edit] See also

* Spinal disc herniation* Laminectomy

[edit] References

* Thomas, Clayton L. (1985). Taber's Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary. F.A. Davis Company, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. ISBN 0-8036-8309-X.

* Baron, M.E. (2007) Cervical Spondylosis: Diagnosis and Management. http://www.emedicine.com/neuro/topic564.htm

* Towel hot compress can cure 10 kinds of disease . http://www.worldhealthlife.com/towel-hot-compress-cure-disease.html

[edit] External links

* Cervical spondylosis at the Mayo Clinic* Cervical spondylosis and its cure

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inflammatory: Ankylosing spondylitis Sacroiliitis Discitis Pott diseasenoninflammatory: Spondylosis Spondylolysis Spondylolisthesis Spinal stenosisBack pain

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proc, drug(M4)Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spondylosis"Categories: Skeletal disorders | Vertebral columnNaprapsyn 500 for spondilitisand histac

Neck painFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation, search

This article needs attention from an expert on the subject. See the talkpage for details. WikiProject Medicine or the Medicine Portal may be able to help recruit an expert. (February 2009)Neck pain ICD-10 M54.2ICD-9 723.1DiseasesDB 23260MedlinePlus 003025MeSH D019547

Neck pain (or cervicalgia) is a common problem, with two-thirds of the population having neck pain at some point in their lives.[1]

Neck pain, although felt in the neck, can be caused by numerous other spinal problems. Neck pain may arise due to muscular tightness in both the neck and upperback, or pinching of the nerves emanating from the cervical vertebrae. Joint dis

ruption in the neck creates pain, as does joint disruption in the upper back.

The head is supported by the lower neck and upper back, and it is these areas that commonly cause neck pain. The top three joints in the neck allow for most movement of your neck and head. The lower joints in the neck and those of the upperback create a supportive structure for your head to sit on. If this support system is affected adversely, then the muscles in the area will tighten, leading toneck pain.

Neck pain may also arise from many other physical and emotional health problems.Contents[hide]

* 1 Differential diagnosis* 2 Treatmento 2.1 Conservative treatmento 2.2 Medicationo 2.3 Surgery

* 3 Prognosis* 4 References* 5 External links

[edit] Differential diagnosis

Neck pain may come from any of the structures in the neck including: vascular, nerve, airway, digestive, and musculature / skeletal or be referred from other ar

eas of the body.[2]

Major and severe causes of neck pain include:

* Carotid artery dissection* Referred pain from acute coronary syndrome* Infections: retropharyngeal abscess, epiglottitis, etc.[3]* Spondylosis - degenerative arthritis and osteophytes* Spinal stenosis a narrowing of the spinal canal* Spinal disc herniation protruding or bulging discs, or if severe prolapse.


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The more common and lesser neck pain causes include:

* Stress physical and emotional stresses* Prolonged postures many people fall asleep on sofas and chairs and wake wi

th sore necks* Minor injuries and falls car accidents, sporting events and day to day min

or injuries* Referred pain mostly from upper back problems* Over-use muscular strain is one of the most common causes* Whiplash

Although the causes are numerous, most are easily rectified by either professional help or using self help advice and techniques.

More causes include poor sleeping posture, torticollis, head injury, rheumatoidarthritis, Carotidynia, congenital cervical rib, mononucleosis, rubella, certaincancers, ankylosing spondylitis, cervical spine fracture, esophageal trauma, subarachnoid hemorrhage, lymphadenitis, thyroid trauma, and tracheal trauma.[edit] Treatment

Treatment of neck pain depends on the cause. For the vast majority of people, neck pain can be treated conservatively. Recommendations which may help alleviatesymptoms include applying heat or cold.[4] Other common treatments could include

medication, body mechanics training, ergonomic reform, or physical therapy.[edit] Conservative treatment

Exercise plus joint mobilization and/or joint manipulation has been found to bebeneficial in both acute and chronic mechanical neck disorders.[5] Neither mobilization or manipulation without exercise however has been found to be helpful.[6][7] Mobilization is equivalent to manipulation.[8] Ultrasound has been shown not to be efficacious.[edit] Medication

Analgesics such as acetaminophen or NSAIDs are recommended for pain.[9] Muscle relaxants such as cyclobenzaprine have not been found to be useful and are therefore not recommended.[10] Over the counter topical creams and patches containing

counterirritants have little evidence to support efficacy.[edit] Surgery

Surgery is usually not indicated for most mechanical causes of neck pain. If neck pain is the result of instability, cancer, or other disease process surgery may be necessary. Surgery is usually not indicated for "pinched nerves" or herniated discs unless there is spinal cord compression or pain and disability have been protracted for many months and refractory to conservative treatment such as physical therapy.[edit] Prognosis

About one-half of episodes resolve within one year.[1] About 10% of cases becomechronic.[1]

[edit] References

1. ^ a b c Binder AI (2007). "Cervical spondylosis and neck pain". BMJ 334 (7592): 52731. doi:10.1136/bmj.39127.608299.80. PMID 17347239.

2. ^ Amal Mattu; Deepi Goyal; Barrett, Jeffrey W.; Joshua Broder; DeAngelis,Michael; Peter Deblieux; Gus M. Garmel; Richard Harrigan; David Karras; Anita L'Italien; David Manthey (2007). Emergency medicine: avoiding the pitfalls and improving the outcomes. Malden, Mass: Blackwell Pub./BMJ Books. pp. 46. ISBN 1-4051-4166-2.

3. ^ Amal Mattu; Deepi Goyal; Barrett, Jeffrey W.; Joshua Broder; DeAngelis,


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Michael; Peter Deblieux; Gus M. Garmel; Richard Harrigan; David Karras; Anita L'Italien; David Manthey (2007). Emergency medicine: avoiding the pitfalls and improving the outcomes. Malden, Mass: Blackwell Pub./BMJ Books. pp. 47. ISBN 1-4051-4166-2.

4. ^ "Heat or Cold Packs for Neck and Back Strain: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Efficacy. Gregory Garra. 2010; Academic Emergency Medicine - Wiley InterScience". http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123372198/abstract.

5. ^ "BestBets: Manipulation and/or exercise for neck pain?". http://www.bestbets.org/bets/bet.php?id=857.

6. ^ Gross AR, Hoving JL, Haines TA, et al. (2004). "Manipulation and mobilization for mechanical neck disorders". Cochrane database of systematic reviews (Online) (1): CD004249. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004249.pub2. PMID 14974063.

7. ^ Hoving JL, Koes BW, de Vet HC, et al. (2002). "Manual therapy, physicaltherapy, or continued care by a general practitioner for patients with neck pain. A randomized, controlled trial". Ann. Intern. Med. 136 (10): 71322. PMID 12020139.

8. ^ Gross A, Miller J, D'Sylva J, et al. (2010). "Manipulation or mobilisation for neck pain". Cochrane Database Syst Rev (1): CD004249. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004249.pub3. PMID 20091561.

9. ^ "UpToDate Inc.". http://www.uptodate.com/online/content/topic.do?topicKey=spinaldi/6765&selectedTitle=2~143&source=search_result#28.10. ^ Khwaja SM, Minnerop M, Singer AJ (January 2010). "Comparison of ibuprofe

n, cyclobenzaprine or both in patients with acute cervical strain: a randomizedcontrolled trial". CJEM 12 (1): 3944. PMID 20078917.

[edit] External links

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