spill response strategies · the full spill response toolbox mechanical recovery: booms &...
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Spill Response Strategies
Paul Irving, AMSA
The full spill response toolbox
Mechanical Recovery:
Booms & Skimmers
In-situ
Burning
Monitor &
Evaluate
Aerial &
Vessel &
Subsea
Dispersant
Shoreline
cleaning
Wildlife Response
Waste Management
Protect
& deflect
Natural
Attenuation
Encounter rate drives response effectiveness
Courtesy of Ocean Imaging
Shoreline
At sea recovery
Shoreline response
Dispersant efficacy
Response control Response actionsPre-planning
Dispersant
Resource atlas
Modelling
Satellite Aerial On water Deep water
Situational awareness, planning, analysis and advice
Baseline studies
Inform options, decisions and
actions
Confirm, validate and
verify
Assess and evaluate
InformsAction and feedback
Situational Awareness – INFORMATION from EVERYWHERE OSMH, Fig 6.1 p107
Intelligence Tools
Protection Priorities
✓ Human safety✓ Environment✓ Economic✓ Infrastructure✓ Habitat✓ Cultural✓ Amenities✓ Social
Determining Response Strategies
Incident Action Plan✓ Outcomes✓ Objectives✓ Strategies✓ Tactics
Monitor & Evaluate
Contain and Recover
• Use of booms and skimmers to capture oil at sea
• Boom types vary depending on conditions and location
• Skimmer types dependent on oil type and wind & wave effects
• Logistics, waste & storage
Contain and Recover
Contain and Recover
Contain and Recover
Contain and Recover
Contain and Recover
Contain and Recover
Contain and Recover
OGP/IPIECA, 2013
Temporary Storage tanks or
barge
Intermediate storage tanks
or containers, sometimes
lined pits or waste skips
Final waste storage or
management locations
Final Storage
Intermediate Storage
Temporary
Storage
Boom
Contain and Recover
Protection & Deflection
Waste Storage
Shoreline response
Shoreline response
Shoreline response
Shoreline response
Hot ZoneCold Zone
Shoreline response access & Safety Management
Shoreline responseWaste management
Shoreline response responder safety
Dispersant response objective
OF THE WATER
COLUMN
Dispersed oil rapidly dilutes to concentrations below toxicity thresholds
• <10 ppm = mins
• <1 ppm = hours
• ppb range = days
Horses for courses, and swings and roundabouts
Two options, depending on:
spill, location, logistics &
timing.
• Can treat relatively small area
• Less complex operation
• Effective monitoring platform
• Long transit times, if not on site or
not fitted with trained crew
• Carry limited volumes
• Higher encounter rate, larger coverage
• Type 3 concentrate
• Trained and exercised capability
• Can be on scene quickly, shorter transit times
• Capable of sustaining long term operations
• Greater operational complexity
• Requires additional air support
• Crew hours and refuelling
Dispersant response
Dispersant response
Dispersant response
Spraying – Aircraft
• Supporting aircraft
• Concentrate dispersants
• Air tractor (802)
• Payload – 2200 to 3600L
• Swath width – 50ft
• Boeing 727-2S2F
• Payload – 15,000L
• Swath width – 110ft
• C130 Hercules (L-382)
• Payload – 12,000 to 20,000L
• Swath width – 150ft
• Maintenance – incl. wash down
Dispersant response
Transport/logistics requirements
• Transport by aircraft, vessels and road
• IBCs/drums most often on road transport
• Local forklift and/or cranes to unload and load out
• Not Dangerous Goods (DG) for road, sea or air
Dispersant response
In-situ burning
Oiled and injured wildlife
Oiled wildlife response
Oiled wildlife response
The full spill response toolbox – rarely used one at a time!
Mechanical Recovery:
Booms & Skimmers
In-situ
burning
Monitor &
Evaluate
Aerial &
Vessel &
Subsea
Dispersant
Shoreline
cleaning
Wildlife Response
Waste Management
Protect
& deflect
Natural
attenuation
