spider mite control in vegetables 2013
DESCRIPTION
This presentation was delivered to farmers at the Alabama Fruit & Vegetable Growers Conference & Tradeshow in Auburn University, Alabama (USA), onTRANSCRIPT
Spider Mite Control in Vegetables
Dr. Ayanava Majumdar (Dr. A)Ext. Entomologist 115 Extension HallAuburn, AL 36849
Tel: (251) [email protected]
AFVGA Conference, Feb. 9, 2013
References• Jon Traunfeld. 2013. Top Vegetable pests – spider mite. Univ. of Maryland
Extension.
• Godfrey, L. D. 2011. Spider mites. University of California – Statewide IPM Program, Pubication 7405.
• Fasulo, T. R. 2009. Twospotted spider mites. Univ. of Florida – IFAS Publication EENY-150. http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/orn/twospotted_mite.htm
• Zalom et al. 2011. UC IPM Pest Management Guidelines: Tomato. University of California ANR Publication 3470. http://www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/PMG/r783400111.html
• Schuster, D. Tomato russet mite. Univ. of Florida – IFAS Publication. http://ipm.ifas.ufl.edu/resources/success_stories/T&PGuide/pdfs/Chapter4/Russet_Mite.pdf
• Peter Jentsch. Mite Management Using Reduced Risk Pest Management Programs and Biological Control. Cornell University. http://hudsonvf.cce.cornell.edu/scouting%20reports/scouting%20data/Mite%20Management%20Using%20Reduced%20Risk%20Pest%20Management%20Programs%20and%20Biological%20Control.pdf
Basic information
• Very common problem in AL
• 1/20 inch long• Mites are not insects• Related to spiders &
ticks• Spin webs – live in
colonies• Immature stages have 6
legs• Overwinter as mated
females
Life cycle • Life cycle completed <1 wk (5
to 20 d)
• Like hot dry weather
• Eggs are small oval (look like dust particles, underside of leaves), 3 d to hatch
• Eggs change to larva (6 legs)
• Larva change to nymphs (8 legs) – two stages
• 5 to 10 generations common
Identification & ScoutingTwospotted spider mite (TSM):• Carry a 10X hand lens• Females are larger than males• Oval adults, eggs glued to webbing• Underside of leaves & leaf tips• Wide host range Twospotted spider mite
Tetranychus urticaeTomato russet mite (TRM):• Smaller than TSM• Carry a 14X hand lens• Adults are elongate• Infestation starts from lower leaves• Leave edges, stems, fruits (small)• Solanaceous host plants
Tomato russet miteAcilops lycopersici
Crop damage
TRM:– Greasy bronzing
(russet color)– Sudden dry out
(lower leaves)
TSM:– Leaf drying– Extensive webbing– Slight bronzing
Spider mite managementCULTURAL PRACTICES:
• Start clean: Get healthy transplants
• Avoid planting in hot dry conditions
• Avoid mowing or blowing dust on to crops
• Avoid water stress on plants
Spider mite managementALTERNATIVE MITICIDES:
• Layton et al. (2011): 2 applications of insecticidal oil, insecticidal soap or neem oil provided good TSM control
• OMRI approved: Grandevo (extracted from Chromobacterium subtsugae) – 2 treatments on strawberry provided 63 to 80% mite suppression
Spider mite managementCAUTION: Many synthetic pyrethroids can flare up spider mites by removing predatory mites and other beneficial insects.
Abamectin (AgriMek, 8-16 fl oz/acre): • Good rescue insecticide. • Contains synthetic abamectin and provides long-term
residual control of TSM. • Do not apply more than two sequential applications of
abamectin. • PHI on tomatoes is 7 days.
Spider mite managementBifenazate (Acramite, 0.75-1 lb/acre): • MOA: GABA agonist• Contact poison against motile stage of TSM• Has some ovicidal action (kills eggs) • Reduced toxicity to predaceous mites and
beneficial arthropods. • Do not make more than one application per
season. • PHI on tomatoes is 3 days.
Fenpyroximate (Portal, 2 pts/acre): • Mitochondrial electron transport inhibitor
(METI), blocking cellular respiration• Stops mite feeding & egg laying, 7 day to kill• Good late season rescue insecticide• Limit to one application per year• Softer on predatory mites• Complete coverage essential
Spider mite management
Etoxazole (Zeal, 2 to 3 oz/acre): • Good contact miticide but not labeled on
many crops• Kills eggs and stops molting of immatures• Has translaminar movement• Could take several days to act
Spider mite management
Spiromesifen (Oberon, 7 to 8.5 fl oz):• Mitochondrial electron transport inhibitor
(METI), blocking cellular respiration• Kills motile mite but slow acting
Spider mite management
Efficacy of PORTAL for Spider Mite Control 2012(fenpyroximate 5%)
20 Sept (mite buildup with pyrethroids)
4 Oct. (mite control) 12 Oct. (mite control)
84
917
35
17
73
0 3
Untreated check
Portal 32 oz + NIS
Acramite + NIS
7 DAT 17 DAT
Crop was tomatoes. Location: Chilton REC, Clanton, AL. Treatment dates: 26 July (Mustang Max) & 9 Aug. (Warrior) to buildup mites. Portal treatment date was 24 Sept. Numbers indicate spider mites on 40 plants/treatment (10 plants/plot). Excessive rains prevented a steady pressure of mites.
Mite control in high tunnelLocation: Brannon Farm, Addison, AL, 2012Crop: TomatoPest: Two-spotted spider miteTreatment: Insecticide rotation in high tunnel tomatoes. Suffoil –X has paraffinic oil. Acramite has bifenazate. Entire rows treated with untreated plants at the two ends. Observation: Mites per 20 leaflets on each observation date.
Obs. 1 (July 6) Obs. 2 (July 15) Obs. 3 (July 23)0
2
4
6
8
10
12
8.2
6.5
1.9
8.2 7.8
9.6
Treated cropUntreated Ch. (tunnel ends)
Suffoil-X @ 1Ga/100Ga water
Acramite 50WP @ 1lb/A
Mixed approach to prevent miticide overuse
Efficacy of BRIGADE, SUFFOIL-X, JMS STYLEY-OIL for Spider Mite Control 2012
27 Sept. 3 Oct. 12 Oct. 19 Oct.
14
35
1711
56
45
12
34
26
1823
3227 Untreated check
Suffoil-X (0.01%)JMS Stylet-Oil (3 qt)Bifenthrin 5 oz/A
Crop was tomatoes. Location: Chilton REC, Clanton, AL. Numbers indicate spider mites on 40 tomato plants.
Reduction in mites with JMS Stylet-Oil & Suffoil-X is good but action could be slow!
Organic Approved Insecticides
Alabama Vegetable Extension IPM Website
www.aces.edu/go/87
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References used• Jon Traunfeld. 2013. Top Vegetable pests – spider mite. Univ. of Maryland
Extension.
• Godfrey, L. D. 2011. Spider mites. University of California – Statewide IPM Program, Pubication 7405.
• Fasulo, T. R. 2009. Twospotted spider mites. Univ. of Florida – IFAS Publication EENY-150. http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/orn/twospotted_mite.htm
• Zalom et al. 2011. UC IPM Pest Management Guidelines: Tomato. University of California ANR Publication 3470. http://www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/PMG/r783400111.html
• Schuster, D. Tomato russet mite. Univ. of Florida – IFAS Publication. http://ipm.ifas.ufl.edu/resources/success_stories/T&PGuide/pdfs/Chapter4/Russet_Mite.pdf
• Peter Jentsch. Mite Management Using Reduced Risk Pest Management Programs and Biological Control. Cornell University. http://hudsonvf.cce.cornell.edu/scouting%20reports/scouting%20data/Mite%20Management%20Using%20Reduced%20Risk%20Pest%20Management%20Programs%20and%20Biological%20Control.pdf