spelling changes in –er verbs les normes: communication 1.2; comparisions 4.1 les qwestions...
DESCRIPTION
- A mute e is inserted between the g and o to keep the g soft This only occurs in the NOUS conjugation -GER VERBS Arranger – to arrange Ranger – to put away/order Changer – to change Corriger –to correct Démanger – to move houses Déranger – to disturn mangemangeons mangesmangez mangeMangentTRANSCRIPT
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SPELLING CHANGES IN –ER VERBS
Les normes: Communication 1.2; Comparisions 4.1
Les qwestions essentielles:
What are the 5 types of –ER verbs that have spelling changes?
Why are spelling changes made?
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Verbs ending in –CER change the c to ç before o to keep the soft c (s) sound
This spelling change only occurs in the NOUS conjugation
-CER VERBS
Annoncer – to announceAvancer – to advanceCommencer – to beginEffacer – to eraseLancer – to throwMenacer – to threatenPlacer – to place, setRemplacer – to replaceRenoncer à – to give up, renounce
commence
commençons
commences
commencez
commence
commencent
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- A mute e is inserted between the g and o to keep the g soft
This only occurs in the NOUS conjugation
-GER VERBS
Arranger – to arrange
Ranger – to put away/order
Changer – to change
Corriger –to correct
Démanger – to move houses
Déranger – to disturn
mange mangeons
manges mangezmange Mangent
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Diriger – to direct
Exiger – to require, demand
Manger – to ear
Nager – to swim
Neiger – to snow
Obliger – to oblige
Partager – to share
Plonger – to plunge; dive
Songer (à) – to think (of)
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Change y to i before mute eThis change only occurs in the “shoe”
-YER VERBS
Employer – to use
Ennuyer – to bore, bother
Envoyer – to send
Essuyer – to wibe
Nettoyer – to clean
Renvoyer – to fire, send back, postpone
emploie employonsemploies employezemploie emploient
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Verbs ending in –AYER may or may not change the y to i
-YER VERVB EXCEPTION
Payerpaye payonspayes payezpaye payent
Payer To paypaie payonspaies payezpaie paient
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The mute e in the stem becomes èThis change occurs in the “shoe”
VERBS WITH MUTE E IN THE STEM
Acheter – to buy
Achever – to achieve
Amener – to bring, lead to
Élever – to bring up, raise
Emmener – to lead, take away
Enelver – to remover, take off
mène menonsmènes menezmène mènent
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Geler – to freeze
Lever – to raise, lift
Peser – to weigh
Promener – to walk
Verbs like appeler and jeter double the final consonant in the “shoe”appelle appelon
sappelles
appelez
appelle appellent
jette jetonsjettes jetezJette jetten
t
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The é in the stem changes to è in the « shoe »
Espérer – to hope
VERBS WITH É IN THE STEM
Célébrer – to celebrate
Compléter – to complete
Interpréter – to interpret
Posséder – to possess, own
Préférer – to prefer
Protéger – to protect
Répéter – to repeat
Réléver – to reveal
espère espéronsespères espérezespère espèrent
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EXCEPTION!
Verbs ending in –éer keep the éCréer – to create:
crée créonscrées créezcrée créent