spectrum analyzer ray mathes, nirav patel, sagar savant, richard wunderlich group 8, ece4006d...
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Spectrum Spectrum AnalyzerAnalyzer
Ray Mathes, Nirav Patel, Ray Mathes, Nirav Patel,
Sagar Savant, Richard Sagar Savant, Richard WunderlichWunderlich
Group 8, ECE4006DGroup 8, ECE4006DGeorgia Institute of TechnologyGeorgia Institute of Technology
School of Electrical and Computer EngineeringSchool of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Group 8 - Spectrum Analyzer, 2
Project OverviewProject Overview
A Spectrum Analyzer that synthesizes A Spectrum Analyzer that synthesizes audio input from the computer and audio input from the computer and outputs it as a physical spectrum.outputs it as a physical spectrum.
Input: MP3, Wave-Input, MicrophoneInput: MP3, Wave-Input, Microphone Output: Water Jets representing Output: Water Jets representing
spectral frequencies.spectral frequencies. FeaturesFeatures
Tunable to frequency ranges to increase Tunable to frequency ranges to increase bin resolutionbin resolution
Real-Time ResponseReal-Time Response
Group 8 - Spectrum Analyzer, 3
Design LayoutDesign LayoutPumpArray
Computer
Audio
Winamp
FFT Plugin
UP2 Input
MAX7000Chip
PWMLogic
P15
P16
P1
P2
…
Paralell Port
PowerSupply
SwitchingCircuit
Altera Board
Group 8 - Spectrum Analyzer, 4
SoftwareSoftware
WinampWinamp Generates signal vector from MP3, Generates signal vector from MP3,
Wav, etc.Wav, etc. Creates a 256 bit amplitude stored Creates a 256 bit amplitude stored
in an array according to frequency in an array according to frequency channel.channel.
Group 8 - Spectrum Analyzer, 5
Software (cont.)Software (cont.)
Winamp PluginWinamp Plugin Convert the amplitude into 3 bits Convert the amplitude into 3 bits
by chopping off the lower 253 by chopping off the lower 253 bits.bits.
Divide up the frequencies into Divide up the frequencies into usable bins of 16 for each pump usable bins of 16 for each pump address, 4 Bits.address, 4 Bits.
Allow for variation of frequency Allow for variation of frequency rangerange
Use API Calls for the Parallel Use API Calls for the Parallel Port to send pump address and Port to send pump address and data bits to the Altera board.data bits to the Altera board.
Computer
Audio
Winamp
FFT Plugin
Paralell Port
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HardwareHardware Want a visually variable amplitudeWant a visually variable amplitude
Varying speed of pump varies flow rateVarying speed of pump varies flow rate Flow rate determines height of water jetFlow rate determines height of water jet
SolutionSolution DC Motors vary speed with input voltageDC Motors vary speed with input voltage Easiest way to achieve this digitally is Easiest way to achieve this digitally is
through Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)through Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)
UP2 Input
MAX7000Chip
PWMLogic
Altera Board
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Pulse Width ModulationPulse Width Modulation
A PWM signal is a pulse train A PWM signal is a pulse train with varying duty cycleswith varying duty cycles
If the frequency of If the frequency of the input voltage is the input voltage is too high, the motor too high, the motor cannot turn on and cannot turn on and off fast enough.off fast enough.By modifying the By modifying the duty cycle, PWM duty cycle, PWM reduces the voltage reduces the voltage to the pump.to the pump.
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7 Bit Input7 Bit Input
Want 8 steps of resolution in the heightWant 8 steps of resolution in the height Sending 3 bits of amplitude data per pump:Sending 3 bits of amplitude data per pump:
3*16 = 48 bits3*16 = 48 bits Requires too large of a bus for parallel Requires too large of a bus for parallel
interfaceinterface Solved through AddressingSolved through Addressing
Send 3 bits for amplitude and 4 bits address Send 3 bits for amplitude and 4 bits address data (7 bits total). Requires 16 calls from data (7 bits total). Requires 16 calls from the Parallel Port to update every pumpthe Parallel Port to update every pump
Logic continues generating PWM on each Logic continues generating PWM on each output channel until updated again.output channel until updated again.
Group 8 - Spectrum Analyzer, 9
LogicLogic
16 channels of PWM generation logic16 channels of PWM generation logic Amplitude and address decoding logicAmplitude and address decoding logic
Would require a Would require a large quantity of large quantity of ICs and discrete ICs and discrete logic to logic to implement.implement.
Solution: FPGASolution: FPGA
Group 8 - Spectrum Analyzer, 10
FPGAFPGA
Altera UP-2 BoardAltera UP-2 Board FLEX10K70 FPGA, 70,000 gates. FLEX10K70 FPGA, 70,000 gates.
Loses memory when powered off.Loses memory when powered off. MAX7000 CPLD, 2,000 gates. MAX7000 CPLD, 2,000 gates.
Maintains chip logic and memory.Maintains chip logic and memory.
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UP2 Board OutputUP2 Board Output
16 output pins 16 output pins produce produce controllable controllable PWM signals PWM signals for each pumpfor each pump
An output of An output of 5V at 10 mA of 5V at 10 mA of current is current is insufficient.insufficient.
Group 8 - Spectrum Analyzer, 12
Chopper CircuitChopper Circuit Purpose: Turn pumps on/off (Variable amp.)Purpose: Turn pumps on/off (Variable amp.) ComponentsComponents
Darlington Transistor: Cascaded BJTs for current Darlington Transistor: Cascaded BJTs for current amplificationamplification
Diode: Assist motor to discharge stored currentDiode: Assist motor to discharge stored current Benefits: High current amplificationBenefits: High current amplification
SwitchingCircuit
Group 8 - Spectrum Analyzer, 13
Attwood V500 Water Attwood V500 Water PumpsPumps
CharacteristicsCharacteristics DC powered, low power DC powered, low power
consumption (1.2A, 12V)consumption (1.2A, 12V) BenefitsBenefits
DC pumps reduce cost, DC pumps reduce cost, powerful, amplitude controlpowerful, amplitude control
Shoots water up to 3 feet in Shoots water up to 3 feet in the air without a nozzle, the air without a nozzle, 350GPH350GPH
PumpArray
P15
P16
P1
P2
…
Group 8 - Spectrum Analyzer, 14
Attwood V500 Water Pumps Attwood V500 Water Pumps (cont.)(cont.)
Problems with Problems with solenoidssolenoids Too ExpensiveToo Expensive Don’t move very far (5 Don’t move very far (5
inches)inches) Overheating problemsOverheating problems
Water Pump ArrayWater Pump Array 16 pumps at maximum 16 pumps at maximum
flow rate require a lot flow rate require a lot of currentof current
Group 8 - Spectrum Analyzer, 15
Power Supply Power Supply SpecificationsSpecifications
High Current SupplyHigh Current Supply ~ 240 Watts (12V 20A)~ 240 Watts (12V 20A)
16 pumps; each pump draws 1.2A max16 pumps; each pump draws 1.2A max I = 16*1.2 = 19.2AI = 16*1.2 = 19.2A
Ferroresonant TransformerFerroresonant Transformer PWM used to obtain correct PWM used to obtain correct
voltagesvoltages Using a 10,000uF 80V filter Using a 10,000uF 80V filter
capacitorcapacitor
PowerSupply
Group 8 - Spectrum Analyzer, 16
Power Supply DesignPower Supply Design
12V/20A/240W AC to DC converting Power Supply.12V/20A/240W AC to DC converting Power Supply.
Group 8 - Spectrum Analyzer, 17
Design ChallengesDesign Challenges
Research absorbed a great Research absorbed a great deal of timedeal of time
Ordering parts is too slow of Ordering parts is too slow of a processa process
Need for power supplyNeed for power supply Incapable of testing pumps Incapable of testing pumps
safely in any labsafely in any lab
Group 8 - Spectrum Analyzer, 18
Future DevelopmentFuture Development
PumpsPumps Greater number of pumps to increase Greater number of pumps to increase
resolutionresolution More powerful pumps for higher amplitudesMore powerful pumps for higher amplitudes
Remove the computer elementRemove the computer element Input an audio jack Input an audio jack Use a DSP processor to do frequency tuning Use a DSP processor to do frequency tuning
similar to the Winamp pluginsimilar to the Winamp plugin Design a structure to allow for indoor Design a structure to allow for indoor
useuse
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Final TimelineFinal Timeline April 18 April 18
Finish power supplyFinish power supply April 22April 22
Finish Winamp plugin and fine tune the Finish Winamp plugin and fine tune the characteristicscharacteristics
Build encasement for Altera board, power Build encasement for Altera board, power supply, and switching circuitsupply, and switching circuit
April 27April 27 Complete webpage: Complete webpage: http://4006.iceglow.comhttp://4006.iceglow.com
April 29April 29 Present Final DemoPresent Final Demo