speakers - hmg

Speakers

Linda Murphy, The Heschong Mahone Group, Inc

[email protected]

916.962.7001

Sean Armstrong, City of Arcata

[email protected]

707.502.9513

Faith Kirkpatrick, Bernal Heights Neighborhood

Center (BHNC)

mailto:[email protected]






Introductions

The Heschong Mahone Group, Inc

Consulting on energy efficiency for buildings

Based in California:

Headquarters in Sacramento region

Offices in Bay Area and San Diego region

Expertise in multifamily energy efficiency program

implementation throughout California

www.h-m-g.com/multifamily

http://www.h-m-g.com/multifamily





Challenges

It‟s all here, right now…

Title 24 mandatory measures

Minimum requirements for each climate zone

Envelope

Water Heating

Cooling Systems

Heating Systems

Ventilation Systems

Verification and Testing

CalCERTS

CHEERS

Challenges

Title 24 changes – 10,000ft view

Fenestration (Glass) values lower

Cool Roof requirements

Duct testing required in all climate zones

New HERS verifications added (HVAC)

New ventilation standards (ASHRAE 62.2)

Mechanical ventilation systems

Multi-family hot water system design and controls

All the compliance forms have a new look

The compliance software „engine‟ now looks at how attics

play their part interacting with the rest of the building

Challenges

TCAC changes – 10,000 ft view

All new construction = 15% better than „current T24‟

Third Party verification by certified rater

Additional points when exceeding T24 by

17.5 % -- LR 2 points; HR 3 points

20% -- LR 3 points; HR 5 points

25% -- LR 5 points

Adding Solar PV or Solar for Water Heating

Additional points when building „green‟

LEED

Green Communities

GreenPoint Rated Multi-family Guidelines

The Perfect Storm

New 2008 Title 24 Energy Code in effect

New TCAC Minimum Standards in effect

CalGreen Standards in effect

The 2013 Title 24 Standards…. Looming in the

distance…

Integrated Design - Planning

It‟s going to take a village!


Collaborative Process

SUPER early

Bring in all project stake holders

Planners, designers, construction, operation and

maintenance… users of the building Architects, Mechanical, Electrical, Structural Team

Energy Consultant (CEPE), Solar PV provider

Landscape Consultant, Green Program Rep

Maintenance Engineers, End Users


Design charrette (Brainstorming session)

Must have facilitator!

As a group

Develop goals, stategies, solutions

Exchange ideas and information

Understand how systems, processes interact

Integrated Design Concepts

Consider building size

and use

Focus on building site

conditions

Roof orientation for

Solar PV

Look at building

orientation and shape

Integrated Design Process

Reduce heating and

cooling loads with

high performance

envelope system

Use high efficiency

HVAC and DHW

equipment

Consider solar

thermal DHW

system

Integrated Design Process

Install ENERGY

STAR® appliances

Prepare for or Install

Solar PV

Educate

owners/tenants in

conservation

Stormy? Or Smooth Sailing?

Will you handle the changes to

ensure smooth sailing?

Green + Energy Efficiency

Energy Star

LEED

GreenPoint Rated

A Little Help From Our Friends

Incentive Programs

California Advanced Homes

Single Family – Statewide

Pacific Gas and Electric

Company

Southern California

Edison

Southern California Gas

Company

San Diego Gas and

Electric Company

Multi-family

SCE, SCG, SDG&E

www.californiaadvancedhomes.com


Public service program: Cash Incentives

Energy Design Assistance

Project Roundtable

Educational Opportunities

Program Coordination

Facilitate energy efficient design and

construction in new multi-family housing

through cash incentives and design

assistance

http://multifamily.h-m-g.com


Incentive Programs

New Solar Homes

Partnership

Tier I – exceed T24 by

15%

Tier II – exceed T24 by

30% + Cooling budget

must exceed by 30%

www.gosolarcalifornia.org

Conclusions

California Goals

All new residential buildings

Net Zero by 2020

All new commercial buildings

Net Zero by 2030

Title 24 Standards will tighten

accordingly

Most „green‟ programs will align

with energy efficiency

Conclusions

“Insanity: doing the same thing over and over again

and expecting different results.” Albert Einstein

Conclusions

Through teamwork, with open minds, looking toward

the future…. We can accomplish our personal,

community and global goals.

Thank you!

Heschong Mahone Group

916.962.7001

Linda S. Murphy, CEA, CEPE

[email protected]






Exceeding T-24 by 15+% and Zeroing Out the Bills without Busting the

Budget

Two Strategies With Different Outcomes

• Study the impact of energy measures and rank by cost-effectiveness for T-24 compliance—PG&E, LEED, USDA all want it

• Study impact of energy measures and rank by cost-effectiveness for utility bill—Owners (TCAC, banks, General Partners, etc.) all benefit

Study Installation Costs and Rank by Effectiveness

EUI Margin Gain % Better Est. Add. Cost Cost/EUI Reduction

Standard Design min. (slab foundation) 40.42

Base (Danco 1404 sq ft case study) 46.20 -5.78 -14.3% NA

Base + all demands are 8' from tank 44.67 -4.25 1.53 -10.5% $0.00 $0.00

Base + R5 Ins. Slab Edge (Outer Wall Foundation) 43.19 -2.77 3.01 -6.9% $100.00 $33.22

Base + 95% FAU 41.39 -0.97 4.81 -2.4% $200.00 $41.58


Base + Duct Testing + QII 41.15 -0.73 5.05 -1.8% $410.00 $81.19


Base + R19 Wall Insulation (Blown in Fiberglass) 41.33 -0.91 4.87 -2.3% $580.00 $119.10

Base + On Demand @ 82% Ef. 41.27 -0.85 4.93 -2.1% $850.00 $172.41

Base + R15 Walls 45.20 -4.78 1.00 -11.8% $173.60 $173.60

Base + R38 Ceiling Insulation 45.31 -4.89 0.89 -12.1% $350.00 $393.26

Base + U=0.33 / SHGC=.57 43.09 -2.67 3.11 -6.6% $1,580.00 $508.04

T-24 Run Experimental/Outlyers

Base + U=0.20 / SHGC=.50 41.88 -1.46 4.32 -3.6% $10,530.00 $2,437.50

Base + R15 Under Slab Insulation 45.39 -4.97 0.81 -12.3% $0.00 $0.00

Base + R-5 Fully Insulated Slab (Edge + Under Slab) 40.80 -0.38 5.40 -0.9% $2,209.29 $409.13

Base + Mini Split Heat Pump (50.90 design std.) 42.22 8.68 NA 17.00% $3,000 $346

Base + 98% Tankless DWH (experimental) 40.33 0.09 5.87 0.2% $1,000.00 $170.36

Base + Sanyo CO2 HP DHW and Radiator (50.13 design std.) 43.54 6.59 NA 13.0% $1,800.00

Base + 92% FAU 42.22 -1.80 3.98 -4.5% $900.00 $226.13

($500) $0 $500 $1,000 $1,500 $2,000

HP Space Heater

80% Gas Wall Heater

Blower Door and QII

HP DHW

82 % On-Demand DHW

Drainwater Heat Recovery

Fiberglass Door

Window U .36, SHGC .56

Slab R-5

Wall R-21

Wall R-19

Wall R-15

Ceiling R-49

Ceiling R-38

Ceiling R-30

Annual Utility Savings per Apartment

Sin

gle

En

erg

y Ef

fici

en

cy M

eas

ure

s

Single Measures vs. Annual Utility Savings At Arcata Bay Crossing

A Project Specific Utility Allowance Incorporates Savings Into Financing

Housing Authority PSUA 1 Bed $79 $10.00 2 Bed $104 $12.16

Annual Additional Revenue for 29 Apts $26,388

Increased Revenue over 15 years

$395,000

Total Cost of $395,000 loaned at 3% Simple Interest over 15 Years

$574,000

Going Net Zero On A Budget

Optimize and Maximize Insulation

• Each climate has a “sweet spot” for the amount of insulation that is effective. At Aster Place, the diminishing returns started after R-5 in the slab, R-19 in the walls and R-30 in the roof.

Air Source Heat Pumps for HVAC

• They use 1/3 of the energy of a gas furnace and are the most efficient air conditioners on the market

• They cost $3000 installed, twice as much as a gas wall heater, but provide AC and space heating

Use Air Source Heat Pump Water Heaters!

• Equal or less costly to install than on-demand hot water heaters.

• Meet the remaining electrical demand with PV for net zero design

AO Smith’s Voltex and GE’s Geospring.

Windows • Each climate has the right

window type for each orientation (N,S,E,W), to let in heat or block it out. Study it.

• The right window is the same price as the wrong window

Treatment SHGC U-Value Visual Transmission Cost/Window T-24 Compliance kBTU/sq-ft/year

Milgard Styleline No Grid Glazing No Grid Glazing

Vinyl Slider 6110 Series Clr / Clr 0.63 0.49 0.64

$ 124.00 30.7% 7.52

Clr/LOF LowE 0.58 0.39 0.62 $ 130.00 32.4% 6.72

Roofs

• Light roofs for hot summer climates, dark roofs for cool maritime climates

• The right roof and the wrong roof cost the same amount to install

Chilly Arcata Hot L.A.

Add Solar

Each unit has 2000W of PV, installed at $1.05/Watt after rebate

Sean Armstrong [email protected]

707.502.9513


PROJECT

PROGRAM

• 20 APARTMENTS TOTAL

• COMMUNITY ROOM

• KITCHEN

• LAUNDRY

• 2 OFFICES

• GARAGE

• REAR YARD

• MECHANICAL, ELECTRICAL, TEL/DATA AND STORAGE AT BASEMENT LEVEL

• TOTAL GROSS SQUARE FOOTAGE = 20,984

STRUCTURE

• 3 STORIES OVER PARTIAL BASEMENT

• TYPE VA – 2X6 WOOD FRAMING WITH A SLAB ON GRADE AND MAT SLAB FOUNDATIONS

CONSTRUCTION COST

• $5.6 MILLION

SUSTAINABILITY & ENERGY PERFORMANCE GOALS

• CREATING A HEALTHY ENVIRONMENT FOR RESIDENTS

• REDUCING BUILDING OPERATING COSTS – CLIENT OWNS & OPERATES THEIR BUILDINGS

• GREEN POINT RATED – MAYOR‟S OFFICE OF HOUSING (MOH), ONE OF THE PROJECT‟S MAIN FUNDERS, ENCOURAGED PARTICIPATION IN GPR

• ENTERPRISE GREEN COMMUNITIES CERTIFICATION – CLIENT RECEIVED FUNDING TO PARTICIPATE IN GLOBAL GREEN CHARRETTE

• EXCEEDING TITLE 24 BY AT LEAST 15% TO QUALIFY FOR PG&E‟S CMFNH INCENTIVE

HVAC SYSTEM

HEATING (HYDRONIC)

• TWO BOILERS OPERATE IN A LEAD-LAG FASHION. ONE BOILER OPERATES AND MODULATES TO MEET THE LOAD. IF THE LEAD BOILER CANNOT KEEP UP WITH THE LOAD, THE SECOND BOILER COMES ON. BOTH BOILERS OPERATE IN PARALLEL TO SATISFY THE LOAD. WHEN THE LOAD IS SATISFIED, THE LAG BOILER DROPS OFF AND ONLY THE LEAD BOILER CONTINUES TO OPERATE.

• TWO BOILER PUMPS ARE INTEGRAL TO THE BOILERS. THEY COME PRE-WIRED TO THE BOILER AND RUN WHENEVER THE BOILER IN ENERGIZED. ONLY ONE OF THE DISTRIBUTION PUMPS IS REQUIRED TO SATISFY THE BUILDING LOAD. THE PUMP IS FITTED WITH A VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVE, TO VARY THE PUMP CAPACITY BASED ON DEMAND. THE SECOND DISTRIBUTION PUMP IS A STANDBY PUMP. IF THE FIRST PUMP FAILES TO OPERATE, THE STANBY PUMP COMES ON.

• WATER SUPPLY TEMPERATURE AT THE BASEBOARD CONVECTORS IS 180 DEGREES, RETURN WATER TEMPERATURE IS 160 DEGREES.

VENTILATION

• NATURAL VENTILATION IN UNITS THROUGH OPERABLE WINDOWS, OPERABLE Z-DUCTS AND FRESH AIR VENTS. FRESH AIR DRAWN IS PULLED BY ROOFTOP SCAVENGER FAN WHICH PULLS A MINIMUM OF 40 CFM PER UNIT.

• BATHROOM AND KITCHEN EXHAUST ARE CONNECTED TO ROOF SCAVENGER EXHAUST FAN WHICH RUNS 24/7

• FAN COIL UNITS MECHANICALLY VENTILATE NON RESIDENTIAL SPACES.

AIR CONDITIONING

• NONE NEEDED FOR SAN FRANCISCO‟S TEMPARATE CLIMATE (CLIMATE ZONE 3)

DOMESTIC HOT WATER

DHW HEATING (CENTRAL SYSTEM)

• TWO GAS WATER HEATER S CONNECTED IN PARALLEL AND EACH HAS A BUILT-IN 100-GALLON STORAGE CAPACITY. AN

ADDITIONAL 500-GALLON STORAGE TANK PROVIDES ADEQUATE CAPACITY TO THE RESIDENTIAL SHOWERS AND NON-

RESIDENTIAL PORTION OF THE BUILDING.

STUDIO UNIT INTERIOR

2BR UNIT INTERIOR

PRELIMINARY ENERGY ANALYSIS – 100% SCHEMATIC DESIGN

BASECASE: BUILDING AS DESIGNED

PERCENT ENERGY COMPLIANCE MARGIN BETTER THAN TITLE 24 2005:

RESIDENTIAL: 9.9%

NON RESIDENTIAL: 1.0%

ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES:

R-30 ROOF

R-19 RAISED FLOOR

R-19 WALLS

UNINSULATED SLAB ON GRADE

HYDRONIC SPACE HEATING PROVIDED BY TWO HIGH EFFICIENCY MUNCHKIN

BOILERS WITH 92.2% AFUE. HEAT DISTRIBUTION BY HYDRONIC WALL CONVECTORS.

TWO 3 HP SPACE HEATING WATER CIRCULATION PUMPS WITH VARIABLE SPEED

DRIVES. ONLY ONE PUMP OPERATES AT ANY GIVEN TIME.

DOMESTIC WATER HEATING: TWO A.O. SMITH BTH-300 GAS WATER HEATERS WITH

94% RECOVERY EFFICIENCY AND 1.52% STANDBY LOSS. RECIRCULATING CENTRAL

SYSTEM WITH TIMER AND/OR TEMPERATURE CONTROLS. ASSUMED 3 HP

RECIRCULATION PUMP AND ESTIMATED 300 FEET OF HOT WATER PIPES LOCATED IN

PLENUMS.

BLOMBERG DUAL PANE ALUMINUM FRAME WINDOWS AND GLASS DOOR (OR EQUAL)

WITH THE FOLLOWING NFRC-RATED U-VALUES AND SOLAR HEAT GAIN COEFFICIENTS:

CASEMENT/AWNING: U=0.77, SHGC=0.56; FIXED: U=0.63, SHGC=0.71;

ENERGY CONSULTANT’S RECOMMENDATIONS

OPTION 1: LOW E FENESTRATION

PERCENT ENERGY COMPLIANCE MARGIN BETTER THAN TITLE 24:

RESIDENTIAL: 16.1%

NONRESIDENTIAL: 4.3%


SAME AS BASECASE EXCEPT:

BLOMBERG DUAL PANE LOW E ALUMINUM FRAME WINDOWS AND GLASS DOOR (OR

EQUAL) WITH THE FOLLOWING NFRC-RATED U-VALUES AND SOLAR HEAT GAIN COEFFICIENTS:

CASEMENT/AWNING: U=0.69, SHGC=0.31; FIXED: U=0.52, SHGC=0.39;

SLIDING/SWINGING GLASS DOORS: U=0.65, SHGC=0.36.


OPTION 2: LOW E FENESTRATION + PREMIUM EFFICIENCY PUMPS


RESIDENTIAL: 16.3%



SAME AS OPTION 1: LOW E EXCEPT:

PREMIUM EFFICIENCY MOTORS ON BOTH SPACE HEATING AND DOMESTIC HOT WATER

RECIRCULATION PUMPS


OPTION 3: LOW E FENESTRATION + PREMIUM EFFICIENCY PUMPS + 70% NONRESIDENTIAL LIGHTING


RESIDENTIAL: 17.5%



SAME AS OPTION 4: LOW E + PREMIUM EFFICIENCY PUMPS + ADDITIONAL PIPE

INSULATION EXCEPT:

DESIGN PROPOSED LIGHTING IN NONRESIDENTIAL SPACES TO 70% OF THE

STANDARD ALLOWANCE. THIS CORRESPONDS TO A MAXIMUM OF 3,137 WATTS TOTAL.

ENERGY MEASURE CHOSEN & COST

OPTION

• LOW E GLAZING WAS CHOSEN SINCE IT HAD THE LEAST IMPACT ON COST AND DESIGN BUT

STILL ACHIEVED OUR ENERGY PERFORMANCE GOAL OF EXCEEDING T-24 BY MORE THAN 15%

COST

• THIS CHANGE TO THE SEPCIFICATIONS HAPPENED EARLY IN THE DESIGN PROCESS, BEFORE ANY COST ESTIMATE WAS

DONE

ENERGY ANALYSIS REPORT – PERMIT SET (80% CD)

BUILDING AS DESIGNED


RESIDENTIAL: 24.8%



R-30 ROOF

R-19 RAISED FLOOR

R-19 WALLS


HYDRONIC SPACE HEATING PROVIDED BY TWO LAARS PNCH0300N

BOILERS WITH 85% AFUE. HEAT DISTRIBUTION BY HYDRONIC WALL CONVECTORS.



DOMESTIC WATER HEATING: TWO HAMILTON EVO DHW79 GAS WATER HEATERS WITH

93% RECOVERY EFFICIENCY AND .60% STANDBY LOSS. RECIRCULATING CENTRAL



PLENUMS.

BLOMBERG DUAL PANE LOW E ALUMINUM FRAME WINDOWS AND GLASS DOOR (OR

EQUAL) WITH THE FOLLOWING NFRC-RATED U-VALUES AND SOLAR HEAT GAIN COEFFICIENTS:

CASEMENT/AWNING: U=0.69, SHGC=0.31; FIXED: U=0.52, SHGC=0.39.

SOLAR HOT WATER SYSTEM

INCENTIVE

• MAYOR‟S OFFICE FOR HOUSING (MOH) ENCOURAGED AND FINANCED THE UTILIZATION OF A SOLAR HOT WATER SYSTEM

IN THE PROJECT.

SYSTEM SPECS (CLOSED LOOP)

• (6) HELIODYNE 4‟X10‟ COLLECTORS

• (2) AO SMITH175 GALLON STORAGE TANKS.

• (1) HELIODYNE HEAT EXCHANGER

COST

• $48,000 PAID FOR WITH MOH‟S CONSTRUCTION FUNDING

SOLAR HOT WATER SYSTEM • GLYCOL IS CIRCULATED THROUGH THE

HOT WATER COLLECTORS IN A CLOSED

LOOP SYSTEM.

• THE GLYCOL TRANSFERS ITS HEAT TO

THE WATER THROUGH A HEAT

EXCHANGER.

• GLYCOL IS HELD UNDER LOW

PRESSURE THROUGHOUT THE

SYSTEM; LOWER-POWER PUMPING IS

REQUIRED (AS THE COLLECTORS ARE

ALWAYS FULL OF GLYCOL).

• WHEN THE COLLECTOR TEMPERATURE

IS 8 DEGREES HIGHER THAN THE TANK

TEMPERATURE; PUMPING IS

ACTIVATED.

• WHENTHE SOLAR STORAGE TANK HAS

REACHED ITS SET TEMPERATURE,

USUALLY AROUND 180 DEGREES,

PUMPING IS STOPPED

SOLAR HOT WATER SYSTEM

ENERGY ANALYSIS REPORT – 80% CONSTRUCTION

BUILDING AS BUILT

PERCENT ENERGY COMPLIANCE MARGIN BETTER THAN TITLE 24 2008:

RESIDENTIAL: 56.9%

NONRESIDENTIAL:


R-30 ROOF

R-19 RAISED FLOOR

R-21 WALLS


HYDRONIC SPACE HEATING PROVIDED BY TWO LAARS PNCH0300N

BOILERS WITH 85% AFUE. HEAT DISTRIBUTION BY HYDRONIC WALL CONVECTORS.



DOMESTIC WATER HEATING: TWO HAMILTON EVO DHW79 GAS WATER HEATERS WITH

97% RECOVERY EFFICIENCY AND 1.0% STANDBY LOSS. RECIRCULATING CENTRAL



PLENUMS.

EFCO DUAL PANE LOW E ALUMINUM FRAME WINDOWS WITH THE FOLLOWING NFRC-RATED U-VALUES AND SOLAR HEAT GAIN

COEFFICIENTS:CASEMENT / FIXED: U=0.29, SHGC=0.38

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