SPE 527

Class 6

Online Module

5/10/13

Completing this module

• Read Downing ch. 2 and pgs. 43-60

• Have access to all of the handouts posted on D2L

Copy of ppt (optional)

Ecological inventory template and example

Social stories handout

Social story example

Objectives

RWBAT…

• Describe instructional strategies for students with moderate/severe disabilities

• Explain the process used to complete an ecological inventory and write a social story

Instruction for Students with Moderate/Severe Disabilities

• Importance of direct and systematic instructions

• Direct Instruction (DI – not to be confused with differentiated instruction!)

– Carefully designed, scripted, fast-paced lessons

– Usually involve a lot of drill and practice

– May involve a call and response format

Task Analysis

• Used to design a direct instruction lesson (or other instructional activity)

• Can also be used to determine prerequisite skills for instruction, identify areas of difficulty for individual students, or formulate goals/benchmarks

• Involves breaking down a larger task into its component parts

• Example 1: adding coins

• Example 2: brushing your teeth

Task Analysis

Adding coins

• Identify coin values

• Counting by 25s, 10s, 5s, 1s

• Separate coins by their values

• Start with the largest coin

• Add the next largest coins (continue until all coins are counted)

• Write value

Brushing teeth• Locate toothbrush and

toothpaste• Remove cap from toothpaste• Squeeze a small amount of

toothpaste onto the toothbrush• Put cap back on toothpaste• Put a bit of water on toothbrush

(turn water off)• Brush teeth (could break down

into subtasks)• Spit and rinse• Put away toothbrush and

toothpaste

Teaching Task

1. Select the opportunity to teach2. Gain student’s attention (cueing)3. Present stimulus4. Give directions5. Provide time for the student to respond6. Provide prompts7. Provide consequences

Downing pgs. 22-23

Prompting

• Response prompts vs. stimulus prompts

• Types of prompts:

verbal prompts

Visual prompts

object cues

physical prompts

Downing pgs. 24-29

Ecological Inventory

• Used to observe completion of tasks in their natural environment

• Identify:

Environment(s) present

Activities in each environment

Natural stimuli present and actions that should accompany those stimuli (criteria for a typical learner)

• Assess target student and identify areas of need

Ecological Inventory Form

• Example – McDonald’s

Social Stories

• Also called Social Scripts, Visual Scripts, Social Narratives, Visual Narratives

• Handout on D2L

• http://www.handsinautism.org/pdf/HowTo_SocialNarratives.pdf

• Example on D2L: McDonald’s Social Story

• http://www.pbisworld.com/tier-2/social-stories/

Ecological Inventory/Social Story Assignment

• Complete Ecological Inventory Form Provide information about the environment and activities

Observe a typical learner in the environment to determine natural stimuli, performance task, and criterion for performance

Observe target student in environment. Record if student is able to meet the criterion for each step (+ or -)

• Write a social story for the target student based on the activities used for the ecological inventory Be sure to use pictures/graphics/symbols in addition to the

words in the story

For next class…

• Read: Endangered Animals Unit Plan – posted on D2L Downing, Ch. 5 The student profile that matches your current placement:

Jeremy - preK-2nd, Seth - 3rd-5th, Marty - 6th-7th

• Assignments Due Ecological Inventory – bring copy (handwritten or on a

computer is ok) to class, final Ecological inventory due by 11:59pm on Sunday 5/19

Unit plan check-in – bring draft of unit plan and outline of 5 lesson subjects/topics (handwritten is ok!)