spaze boulevard iienvironmentclearance.nic.in/writereaddata/online/... · category of item 8(a) of...

“Spaze Boulevard II”” at Village – Tikri, Sector- 47, District-Gurgaon, Haryana

PROJECT PROPONENT:

M/S SPAZE TOWERS PVT. LTD. Page

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ENVIRONMENT CONSULTANT:

M/S PERFACT ENVIRO SOLUTIONS PVT. LTD.

ANNEXURE I- Minutes of Meeting

17.3.9 Commercial Complex 'Spaze Boulevard II' at village Tikri, Sector - 47,Gurgaon, Haryana by M/s Spaze Towers Pvt. Ltd. - Environmental Clearance [IA/HR/MIS/84791/2017 date 05.11.2018] [F. No. 23-40/2018-IA.III ]

17.3.9.1 M/s Spaze Towers Pvt. Ltd. has made online application vide proposal no. IA/HR/MIS/84791/2017 date 05.11.2018seeking Environmental Clearance for the above mentioned proposed project. The proposed project activity is covered under ‘under ‘B’ category of item 8(a) of the Schedule to the EIA Notification, 2006 and the proposal was appraised at Central level as tenure of SEIAA at Haryana is completed.

17.3.9.2 Details of the project as per the submission of project proponent:

1. Project title, location (plot No. / Village / Tehsil / District ) :- Commercial Complex “SpazeBoulevard II” at Village-Tikri, Sector-47, Gurgaon, Haryana

2. Salient features of the project

Land Use – Land Use –Land Use of land has already been changed to Commercial Complex. Total plot area is 8979.96m2 Total Built-up area – 23602.666 m2

Total water requirement and its source :- Total water requirement will be106KLDout of which fresh water requirement will be40 KLD and Treated water will be 66 KLD. The fresh water will be sourced from HUDA Supply.

Waste water generation, treatment and disposal: -Total quantity of wastewater generation shall be 70 KLD which shall be treated in STP of 100 KLD. The treated water generation from STP will be 66 KLD shall be reused for flushing, DG&HVAC Cooling &Gardening& Miscellaneous purposes. It will be a zero-discharge complex.

Municipal solid waste generated disposal facility :- After expansion, around 336 kg/day of municipal solid waste will be generated from the complex. Biodegradable waste of 235kg/day shall be treated in organic waste converter of the complex and recyclable (84 Kg/day) shall be given to approved recycler.

Power requirement and source :- Total power requirement after expansion will be 1983 KW which will be met by DHBVN.

Proposed energy saving measures:- Energy Saving Measures –

Adequate design to limit the losses in transmission and distribution system.

Use of energy efficient devices like light sources.

Use of insulation on roof top to reduce air-conditioning load in commercial area.

Use of capacitors at load centres to improve voltage and power factor to reduce distributional losses and also to avoid penalty by state electricity authority.

All high efficiency motors will be used in the complex.

Air tunnels in the design to provide cross-ventilation for reducing power consumption.

RWH :- 2 no. of RWH pits are proposed in the complex. Structure of all pits has already been constructed.

Car parking:-Total Parking required is 178 ECS. Total parking provision will be 214ECS.

Investment/Cost of the project :- Total cost of the project is Rs. 46.76 Crores.

Benefits of the project:- Project Benefits –

It has provided employment to the people during construction and operation phase directly & indirectly.

NEW PC-3

Highlight

It has led to increase in the infrastructure of the area and encouraged others for further development of the area.

It will increase infrastructure of the area and will be a planned & managed development on the area.

The planned Commercial Complex will prove to be an Environment friendly (with minimal air & noise pollution impacts & well managed waste & waste water) healthy & green (with proper landscaping), spacious (withproper parking, traffic circulation, play area & open spaces) & safe premise (a gated & guarded society) for living. People will have more open and green spaces, bringing them closer to nature & away from the rush &fuss of the polluted cities.

Employment potential:-It has provided employment to the people during construction and operation phase directly & indirectly. 150 no. of labour during construction stage and 554 no. of persons as staff & employee during operational phase.

3. Project/ activity covered under item of Schedule to the EIA Notification, 2006 :- The

project is aCommercial Complex “SpazeBoulevard II”. It falls under Category B schedule 8(a) under violation category.

4. Why appraisal/ approval is required at the Central level:- Since, the tenure of the SEAC Haryana committee was completed, hence we applied in MoEF&CC on 05.11.2018

5. National Park/ Wild Life Sanctuary in 10 km radius area:-There is No national park/Wild Life Sanctuary in 10 km radius of the site.

6. Eco-Sensitive Zone in 10 km radius area:- None

7. Details of Forest land involved, if any:- None

8. ToR Details: - Terms of Reference was granted by MoEF&CC vide letter no. F.No. 23-40/2018-IA-III dated 16.04.2018.

9. Details of Public Hearing and main issues raised / response of the PP:- Not Applicable

10. If any court case pending for violation of the environmental laws (supported by an undertaking):- Directions are issued to file a court case against the project.

11. Land use planning:- Proposed Land Use-Ground coverage (achieved)- 969.53 m2

Green Area- 1528.657m2 Road & Open area- 3145.098m2

12. Ground water withdrawal approval from CGWA:-No abstraction of ground water.

13. For other sources, firm commitment of the water supply agency:-Water will be sourced through HUDA.

14. Undertaking to the effect that no activity has since been taken up:-Undertaking shall be submitted by the project proponent at the time of meeting.

15. Appraisal by State Coastal Zone Management Authority (SCZMA):- Not applicable.

16. Details of earlier EC, if any and compliance thereof:-Not applicable.

17. Details of earlier appraisal by EAC / SEAC; observation and compliance:- The project was applied for environmental clearance on date 13.09.2012 at Haryana SEIAA. Thereafter there were certain shortcoming in the application and the required documents were submitted. SEIAA appraised the project in 64th Meeting dated 04/01/2014 and decided to delist the case as per recommendation of SEAC.Show Cause Notice was issue vide order no. HSPCB/GRN/2016/6727-28 dated 20/07/2016 under Section 15 of EPA, 1986 for violation of amended EIA Notification dated 14/09/2006. Thereafter, application under violation Notification No. S.O 804 (E) was submitted in MOEF&CC dated 09.05.2017.TOR was granted by MOEF&CC vide F. No. 23-40/2018-IA-III dated 16.04.2018. EIA with baseline data Feb-2018 was submitted in Haryana, SEAC on 11.07.2018 but the case was not appraised. Now, the tenure of Haryana SEAC has been completed. Therefore, EIA along with its documents have been submitted at MoEF& CC on 5.11.2018. Now the case is being appraised on 29.1.2019 in its 17th EAC meeting.

17.3.9.3 Observations and recommendations of committee:

PP and consultant made a detailed presentation before the EAC. EAC after detailed deliberation on the information submitted and presentation made by PP, recommended to defer the project for want of submission of following information:

1. Conservation plan for schedule 1 species to be submitted duly approved by Chief Wildlife Warden.

2. Since STP waste water was used during construction and likely impact on health be assessed and presented.

3. Rework the damage assessment work cost over and above CER/EMP cost.

4. Ionic balance of water quality and along with soil quality is to be rechecked.

5. Proof for action initiated against the project proponent under the provisions of section 19 of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.

6. Environment baseline matrix shall be modified and the budgetary estimate for damage assessment shall be revised with a 3-year action plan to be resubmitted on the following points:

Air Quality modelling and GLC prediction with input data during the construction and operation, including DG Sets and transport movement and the impact on the construction workers nearby habitations.

Water- Impacts on Surface/Ground water and construction workers, their consumption and waste water generation impact and RWH system non-provision thereof.

LULC comparison and impact evaluation.

Non-provision of green belt and the quantity.

Nosie modelling during construction phase.

ECBC 2007/2017 compliance by perspective method to be furnished and the cumulative impact due to non-provision so far.

Waste management during construction and subsequent damages to be remediated.

17.3.10 Commercial Complex 'Spaze Corporate Park' at village Badshahpur, Sector 69-70,District Gurgaon, Haryana by M/s Spaze Towers Pvt. Ltd. - Environmental Clearance

[IA/HR/MIS/84852/2017 date 06.11.2018] [F. No. 23-20/2019-IA.III (V) ]

17.3.10.1 M/s Spaze Towers Pvt. Ltd. has made online application vide proposal no. IA/HR/MIS/84852/2017 date 06.11.2018 seeking Environmental Clearance for the above mentioned proposed project. The proposed project activity is covered under ‘B’ category of item 8(a) of the Schedule to the EIA Notification, 2006 and the proposal was appraised at Central level as tenure of SEIAA at Haryana is completed.

17.3.10.2 Details of the project as per the submission of project proponent:

1. Project title, location (plot No. / Village / Tehsil / District ) :- Commercial Complex “SpazeCorporateParkk” at Village-Badshahpur, Sector-69-70, District-Gurgaon, Haryana

2. Salient features of the project

Land Use –Land Use –Land Use of land has already been changed from agricultural land to Commercial Complex. Total plot area is 16009.338m2 Total Built-up area – 46264.209 m2

Total water requirement and its source :-Total water requirement will be281 KLDin which fresh water requirement will be 58 KLD and Treated water will be 223 KLDout of which 172 KLD will be met by in-house treated water and rest 51 KLD will be met by outside STP treated water. The fresh water will be sourced from HUDA/Municipal Supply.

Waste water generation, treatment and disposal: - Total quantity of wastewater generation shall be 180 KLD which shall be treated in STP of 195 KLD (150 KLD for Tower A and 45 KLD for Tower B). The treated water generation from STP will be 172 KLDwhich shall be reused for flushing, DG & HVAC Cooling,Gardening and Miscellaneous. 51 KLD of STP treated water shall be provided by outsourced STP for DG & HVAC Cooling.

Municipal solid waste generated disposal facility :- Around 1801 kg/day of municipal solid waste will be generated from thecomplex. Biodegradable waste of 1261kg/day shall be treated in organic waste converter of the complex and recyclable (540 Kg/day) shall be given to approved recycler.

Power requirement and source :- Total power requirement for Tower A and Tower B will be 3298kW which will be met by DHBVN.

Proposed energy saving measures:- Energy Saving Measures –

Adequate design to limit the losses in transmission and distribution system.

Use of street solar lighting

Use of energy efficient devices like light sources such as LED lights in common areas

Use of capacitors at load centres to improve voltage and power factor to reduce distributional losses and also to avoid penalty by state electricity authority.


PROJECT PROPONENT:


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ANNEXURE II- Approved Conservation Plan (by Chief warden)

Scanned by CamScanner

Conservation Plans

For Spaze Tower Pvt. Ltd.

Group Housing “SPAZE Boulevard-II” Village – Tikri, Sector - 47, Gurgaon, Haryana

Prepared by:

M/s Perfact Enviro Solutions Pvt. Ltd. (NABET Registered wide list of Accredited Consultants Organization/Rev 73/ 8th February, 2019/ S. No-116) and ISO

9001:2015 & ISO 14001:2015 Certified Company;5th floor, NN Mall, Sector 3, Rohini, New Delhi-110085Phone: 011-

49281360)

Contents 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................5

1.1 Details of the study area ................................................................................................................6

1.2 Details of Ecological and Biodiversity Study ...................................................................................6

1.3 Principles of Wildlife Conservation ..............................................................................................10

1.4 Decline of Wildlife ........................................................................................................................11

2 Conservation Plan of Peafowl (Pavo cristatus) ...................................................................................12

2.1 Taxonomy of Peafowl ...................................................................................................................12

2.2 General description ......................................................................................................................13

2.3 Morphology ..................................................................................................................................13

2.4 Habitat ..........................................................................................................................................14

2.5 Physical Characteristics ................................................................................................................14

2.6 Behaviour .....................................................................................................................................14

2.7 Food Habit ....................................................................................................................................14

2.8 Conservation and relationship with man .....................................................................................15

2.9 Conservation Measures for Fauna with respect to project proponent .......................................15

3 Conservation Plan for Leopard (Panthera pardus) ...............................................................................16

3.1 Taxonomy .....................................................................................................................................16

3.2 General Description .....................................................................................................................16

3.3 Habitat ..........................................................................................................................................16

3.4 Biology and Behaviour .................................................................................................................17

3.5 Food Habit ....................................................................................................................................17

3.6 Reproduction ................................................................................................................................17

3.7 Threats .........................................................................................................................................18

4 Conservation Plan for Black Patridge ...................................................................................................19

4.1 Taxonomy .....................................................................................................................................19


4.3 Habitat ..........................................................................................................................................19



4.6 Food Habit ....................................................................................................................................21

4.7 Conservation and relationship with Man .....................................................................................21

5 Conservation Plan for Indian Cobra ......................................................................................................21

5.1 Taxonomy .....................................................................................................................................21

5.2 Geographical distribution .............................................................................................................22


5.4 Habitat ..........................................................................................................................................22



5.7 Food Habit ....................................................................................................................................23

5.8 Conservation/Threats...................................................................................................................23

6 Conservation Plan for Jackal .................................................................................................................25

6.1 Taxonomy .....................................................................................................................................25


6.3 Physical Structure .........................................................................................................................25

6.4 Distribution and Habitat ...............................................................................................................26

6.5 Feeding Habits ..............................................................................................................................26

6.6 Mating Behaviour .........................................................................................................................26

6.7 Status ............................................................................................................................................27

6.8 Human Interaction .......................................................................................................................27

6.8.1 Threats & Revival .....................................................................................................................27

6.8.2 Specific conservation measures for Indian Jackal ....................................................................27

7 Conservation Plan for Indian Monitor Lizard .......................................................................................29

7.1 Taxonomy .....................................................................................................................................29


7.3 Habitat ..........................................................................................................................................29


7.5 Behaviour .....................................................................................................................................30

7.6 Food Habit ....................................................................................................................................30

7.7 Conservation Status .....................................................................................................................31

8 Conservation Plan for Indian Fox..........................................................................................................32

8.1 Taxonomy .....................................................................................................................................32


8.3 Habitat ..........................................................................................................................................33

8.4 Reproduction ................................................................................................................................33

8.5 Food Habit ....................................................................................................................................33

9 Conservation Plan for Jungle Cat ..........................................................................................................34

9.1 Taxonomy .....................................................................................................................................34


9.3 Behaviour .....................................................................................................................................35

9.4 Reproduction ................................................................................................................................35

9.5 Food Habit ....................................................................................................................................36

9.6 Conservation status ......................................................................................................................36

10 Conservation Plan for Common Mongoose .........................................................................................37

10.1 Taxonomy .....................................................................................................................................37


10.3 Habitat ..........................................................................................................................................38


10.5 Behaviour .....................................................................................................................................38

10.6 Food Habit ....................................................................................................................................38

10.7 Conservation Status and Threats .................................................................................................39

11 Conservation Plan for Monkey .............................................................................................................40

11.1 Taxonomy .....................................................................................................................................40


11.3 Habitat ..........................................................................................................................................41

11.4 Behaviour and Reproduction .......................................................................................................41

11.5 Food Habit ....................................................................................................................................41


12 Conservation Plan for Langoor .............................................................................................................43

12.1 Taxonomy .....................................................................................................................................43


12.3 Habitat ..........................................................................................................................................44

12.4 Food Habit ....................................................................................................................................44

12.5 Behaviour .....................................................................................................................................44

12.6 Threats and Conservation ............................................................................................................45

13 Conservation Plan for Indian Krait ........................................................................................................46

13.1 Taxonomy .....................................................................................................................................46

13.2 General description ......................................................................................................................46

13.2.1 Physical Structure ................................................................................................................47

13.2.2 Distribution and Habitat ......................................................................................................47

13.2.3 Food Habits ..........................................................................................................................47

13.2.4 Mating Behaviour ................................................................................................................47

13.2.5 Status ...................................................................................................................................48

13.2.6 Human Interaction ...............................................................................................................48

13.2.7 Conservation strategy .........................................................................................................48

14 Conservation Plan for Russels Viper .....................................................................................................50

14.1 Taxonomy .....................................................................................................................................50


14.3 Habitat ..........................................................................................................................................51

14.4 Behaviour .....................................................................................................................................51

14.5 Reproduction ................................................................................................................................52

14.6 Food Habit ....................................................................................................................................52

14.7 Threats .........................................................................................................................................52

15 Conservation Plan for Rat Snake ..........................................................................................................53

15.1 Taxonomy .....................................................................................................................................53


15.3 Habitat ..........................................................................................................................................54

15.4 Food Habits ..................................................................................................................................54


16 Specific Conservation Measures in consultation with forest department ...........................................55

17 Project Budget ......................................................................................................................................56

1 Introduction

Spaze Tower is a development industry which has successfully created dynamic and highly sophisticated real estate properties for clients from diverse backgrounds. Spaze have successfully constructed and delivered 11 commercial & retail spaces, 1 IT Park and 4 residential projects. Currently Spaze Tower has engaged Perfact Enviro Solutions Pvt. Ltd. as a consultant for Spaze Boulevard-II at Village Tikri, Sector-47, Gurgaon, Haryana.

The net plot area is 8979.96 m2 and built-up area of the project site is 23,602.666 m2, which

is less than 1,50,000 m2 thus, it falls under category 8(a) of EIA Notification, 2006 but in the

light of MoEF & CC Notification no. S.O 804 (E) dated 14.03.2017, the project was categorized

under Violation category. The land for the project Spaze Boulevard-II was allotted by

Department of Town and Country Planning, Haryana for the development of commercial. The

site for the project “Spaze Boulevard-II” was an agricultural vacant land which was developed

into commercial complex.

The area of 2969.53 m2 has already been utilized as ground coverage. The FAR achieved is

13375.311 m2. The total Non-FAR achieved is 945.505 m2. Green area of approximately

1528.657 m2 will be developed. The cost of the project is 6.14 Crores.

Figure 1 Satellite Imaginery

Figure 2 Topographical map of Spaze Boulevard-I

1.1 Details of the study area The proposed project is a group housing, Spaze Boulevard-II. In the zone of 10 km around the project, Sultanpur Bird Sanctuary is located at 14.7 km from the project site, around 11.3 km from the boundary of Asola Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary and around 5.72 km from the Aravallis. There is no perennial water body within the project sites.

1.2 Details of Ecological and Biodiversity Study The study of Ecology and Biodiversity of the Spaze Boulevard -II has been done for the core and buffer area which includes Protected or Reserve forest and a Wildlife Sanctuary.

The present status of the ecology has been determined by study of secondary data sources such as publications of Zoological Survey of India, renowned authors, etc., study of maps and

satellite images and visit to project site. From details survey of the projects only four schedule I species Pavo cristatus (Indian Peafowl) Panthera pardus (Leopard), Francolinus francolinus (Black Partridge) and Varanus bengalensis (Indian Monitor Lizard) found in Project buffer zone. The following Schedule I and Schedule II species were found in 10 km radius area. As per local DFO office of Gurgaon Region, Haryana. These species have been identified as Schedule I and Schedule II species for which detailed Conservation Plan is Enclosed.

Type Common Name Scientific Name Schedule

S. No. Reptiles:

1 Krait Bungarus caeruleus II

2 Indian Cobra Naja naja II

3 Indian monitor lizard Varanus bengalensis I

4 Russell’s Viper vipera russelli II

5 Common Rat Snake Ptyas mucosa II

Mammals:

6 Rhesus Macaque Macaca mulatta II

7 Common Mongoose Herpestes edwardsii II

8 Leopard Panthera pardus I

9 Jackal Canis aureus II

10 Indian Fox Vulpes bengalensis II

11 Jungle Cat Felis chaus II

12 Langoor Presbytis entellus II

Aves:

13 Peacock Pavo cristatus I

14 Black Partridge Francolinus francolinus I

The detailed buffer zone species of Flora and Fauna and the core zone species are given below:

Table 1: Flora of Buffer Zone (Tree species)

S. No. Scientific Name Common Name

1 Acacia arabica Babool

2 Acacia catechu Khair

3 Aegle marmelos Bael

4 Alstonia scholaris Chitwan

5 Azadirachta indica Neem

6 Bauhinia purpurea Kachnar

7 Bombax ceiba Semal

8 Butea monosperma Flame of the forest

9 Butia capitata Butia Palm

10 Callistemon lanceolatus Bottle brush

11 Cassia fistula Amaltas

12 Dalbergia sissoo Shisham

13 Delonix regia Gulmohar

14 Diospyros melanoxylon Tendu

15 Eucalyptus globulus Safeda

16 Terminalia arjuna Arjun Tree

17 Syzigium cumini Jamun

18 Ficus benghalensis Banayan

19 Ficus racemose Goolar

20 Ficus virens Pakhad

21 Ficus religiosa Peepal

22 Kigelia pinnata Balam khir

23 Mangifera indica Aam

24 Pongamia pinnata Karanj

25 Mimusops elengi Maulsari

26 Moringa pterygosperma Drumstick

27 Polyalthia longifolia Pseudo Ashok

28 Prosopis juliflora Vilayti Babool

29 Psidium guajava Amrud

30 Pterospermum acerifolium Kanak champa

31 Tectona grandis Teak

32 Zizyphus jujube Ber

Table 2: Flora in the Buffer Zone (Shrub, Herb and Grass Species)

S. No Scientific Name Common Name

1 Bellis perennis Guldavri

2 Borassus flabellifer wine Palm

3 Bougainvillea glabra Bougainvillea

4 Butia capitata Butia Palm

5 Caesalpinia pulcherrima Peacock flower

6 Calotropis gigantea Safed aak

7 Canna indica Indian shot

8 Cassia biflora Dessert Cassia

9 Cestrum nocturnum Raatrani

10 Combretum indicum Rangoon creeper

11 Cycas revoluta Sago palm

12 Cynodon dactylon Doob Grass

13 Dahlia hortensis Dahlia

14 Datura stramonium Safed Dhatura

15 Euphorbia pulcherrima Poinsettia

16 Gardenia jasminoides Cape jasmine

17 Hamelia patens Firebush

18 Hibiscus rosa-sinensis China rose

19 Hippeastrum reginae Amaryllis

20 Nerium oleander Kaner

21 Ocimum basilicum Basil

22 Phoenix palm Date palm

23 Plumeria rubra Frangipani

24 Roystonea regia Royal palm

25 Salvia splendens Scarlet sage

26 Thevetia peruviana Peeli Kaner

27 Thuja occidentalis Arbor vitae

Table 3: Fauna of Buffer Zone

Fauna in the Buffer Zone

Type Common Name Scientific Name Schedule

Amphibian:

1 Common Toad Bufo bufo IV

2 Frog Rana tigrina IV

Reptiles:

3 Common Indian garden lizard Calotes versicolor IV

4 House lizard Hemidactylus flaviviridis -

5 Krait Bungarus caeruleus II

6 Chameleon Chamaeleo calyptratus -

7 Indian Cobra Naja naja II

8 Indian monitor lizard Varanus bengalensis I

9 Russell’s Viper vipera russelli II

10 Common Rat Snake Ptyas mucosa II

Mammals:

11 Five striped palm squirrel Funambulus pennanti IV

12 Rhesus Macaque Macaca mulatta II

13 Cat Felis catus II

14 Dog Canis lupus familiaris -

15 Cow Bos taurus -

16 Common Mongoose Herpestes edwardsii II

17 Leopard Panthera pardus I

18 Jackal Canis aureus II

19 Indian Fox Vulpes bengalensis II

20 Jungle Cat Felis chaus II

21 Langoor Presbytis entellus II

Aves:

22 Baya Ploceus philippinus IV

23 Crow Corvus splendens V

24 Parrot Psittacula krameri IV

25 Pigeon Columba livia IV

26 Koel Eudynamys scolopaceus IV

27 Bulbul Pycnonotus cafer IV

28 Maina Acridotheres tristis IV

29 Wood pecker Dendrocopos cathpharius IV

30 Peacock Pavo cristatus I

31 Black Partridge Francolinus francolinus I

32 Black Kite Milvus migrans IV

Insects:

33 Butterflies Rhopalocera sp -

34 Wasps Vespa orientalis -

35 Dragonfly Agrian sp -

36 Honey Bee Apis indica -

37 House fly Musca domestica -

ENDANGERED SPECIES

There is only three schedule I Species found in buffer zone namely Pavo cristatus (Indian Peafowl), Panthera pardus (Leopard), and Varanus bengalensis (Indian Monitor Lizard). As per the Local DFO Gurgaon, Haryana. State bird of Haryana Francolinus francolinus (Black Partridge) is also been in Schedule I.

1.3 Principles of Wildlife Conservation Wildlife conservation is the practice of protecting wild plant and animal species and their habitat. Wildlife plays an important role in balancing the ecosystem and provides stability to different natural processes of nature like rainfall (transpiration from plant), changing of temperature (heat evolution by animals), fertility of soil (making of manure by earthworm). The goal of wildlife conservation is to ensure that nature will be around for future generations

to enjoy and also to recognize the importance of wildlife and wilderness for humans and other species alike. Many nations have government agencies and NGO's dedicated to wildlife conservation, which help to implement policies designed to protect wildlife. Numerous independent non-profit organizations also promote various wildlife conservation causes.

An endangered species is defined as a population of a living species that is in the danger of becoming extinct because the species has a very low or falling population, or because they are threatened by the varying environmental or prepositional parameters like (landslides, increase in temperature above optimum temperature, acid rain). Wildlife is part of nature which maintain equally distribution of food instead of over use of food by one human.

Wildlife management is the application of scientific knowledge and technical skills to protect, conserve, limit, enhance, or create wildlife habitat. Wildlife management also includes implementing laws regulating the use, kinds, and amounts of wildlife, people can harvest. Laws that protect existing habitat are also wildlife management tools.

1.4 Decline of Wildlife Biological evolution on earth is associated with extinction of older species and descent of new species but the disappearance of species from the surface of the earth has speeded up 1000 to 10,000 times as compared to the natural disappearance, due to destructive activities of man. Important reasons for decline of wildlife are:

• Habitat loss and degradation, along with behaviours like overhunting,

• Hunting and poaching,

• Man- animal conflict,

• Pollution

2 Conservation Plan of Peafowl (Pavo cristatus)

The Indian Peafowl (Pavo cristatus) has been an integral part of the people of the India and their culture for centuries. From religion and mythology to civilization and socio-culture, the Indian Peafowl occupies an important place in the lives of the people. In addition to this, the Indian Peafowl is well recognized for its ecological and aesthetical values, and hence aptly declared as the 'National Bird' of India in the year 1963. Since the early 1990s, there have been reports of increasing illegal trade in peafowl feathers, large-scale mortalities due to increased use of insecticides/pesticides in agricultural lands, poaching, and retaliatory killings by people due to alleged crop depredation by peafowl. Several peafowl strong hold areas in the country are now concerned about the current declining status. Peacock which is in schedule-I of the wildlife (protection) Act 1972 is reported in the study area.

2.1 Taxonomy of Peafowl

Kingdom Animalia

Phylum Chordata

Class Aves

Order Galliformes

Family Phasianidae

Picture Courtesy: Praveen Bhargava

Sub family Phasianinae

Genus Pavo

Species cristatus

Vernacular Name Mor or Peacock

2.2 General description Peacock or Indian peafowl (Pavo cristatus) is a familiar and universally known large pheasant. It is the National bird of Indian. The term “Peacock” is commonly used to refer to birds of both sexes. Technically, males of are Peacock, females are peahens and together they are called peafowl. The male has a spectacular glossy green long tail feathers that may be more than 60 percent of the birds’ total body length. These feathers have blue, golden green and copper coloured a celli (eyes). The long tail feathers are used for mating rituals like courtship displays. The feathers are arched into a magnificent shape across the back of the bird and almost touching on both sides. Females do not have these graceful tail feathers. They have the fan like crest with whitish face and throat, chestnut brown crown and hind neck, metallic green upper breast and mantle, white belly and brown back rump and tail. Their primaries are dark brown.

2.3 Morphology Scientific Name Pavo cristatus

Type Bird

Diet Omnivore

Size (L) 86 cm-107 cm (34in- 42in)

Wing span 120cm-300cm (47in-118in)

Weight 2.7 Kg-6 Kg (6lbs-13.2lbs)

Top speed 16 Km/h (10 mph)

Life span 12-20 years

Lifestyle Solitary

Conservation Status Schedule I (As per Wildlife protection act, 1972)

Skin type Feathers

Average clutch size 6

Main Prey Grains, Seeds, Insects

Predators Dogs, Tigers, Wild Cats, Raccoon

Distinctive features Long tail feathers and Colorful tail of Males

2.4 Habitat In the undergrowth in deciduous forests near streams tall trees for roosting. Size for the male tail feathers, its coloration and numbers of eyes determine the don menace of the male in peacock hierarchy. The females are believed to be attracted towards the male with longest and most colorful tail feathers.

2.5 Physical Characteristics The male Indian Peafowl, commonly known as the peacock, is one of the most recognizable birds in the world. The brightly colored Indian peacock birds have a distinctive crest and an unmistaken able ornamental train. The train (1.4-1.6 meters in length) accounts for more than 60% of their total body length (2.3 meters). Combined with a large wingspan (1.4-1.6 meters), this train makes the male peafowl one of the largest flying birds in the world. The train is formed by 100-150 highly specialized upper tail coverts. Each of these feathers sports an eye spot, and has long disintegrated barbs, giving the feathers a loose, fluffy look. When displaying to a female, the peacock bird erects this train into a spectacular fan, presenting the ocelli to their best advantage.

Size of the male tail feathers, its coloration and numbers of eyes presents determine the dominance of the male in peacock hierarchy. The females are believed to be attracted towards the male with longest and most colorful tail feathers.

Body length Male 110-230 cm, Female: 85 cm

Weight 2750-6000gm

Habitat In the undergrowth in deciduous forests near streams and neighborhoods of villages and cultivated country and tall trees for roosting.

2.6 Behaviour Peafowl are gregarious by nature. In the breeding season they are usually seen in small parties of one male three to five females whereas in the non-breeding season they remain in separate parties of adult males and females with juveniles. Peacock roost in tall trees and emerge from the dense thickets to feed in fields and opening in forests fields.

Call: Kee-ow, Kee-ow, Ka-an, Ka-an, Ka-an, Kok-kok, Kok-Kok, cain-kok,may-yow calls at dusk and dawn, also loud nasal calls and cackles, very noisy during the rains, when breeding.

Nesting: On tall Trees.

Breeding: Peak season in southern India is April to May and June in Northern India.

Other habits: Male sheds its colorful tail feathers during winters which grow again till autumn.

2.7 Food Habit Peacock are ground feeders. Indian peafowl’s do most of their foraging early in the morning

and shortly before sunset. They retreat to the shade and security of the trees for the hottest

portion of the day. They make a meal of grains, drupes of wild and some cultivated crops.

They can also eat insects, small reptiles and small mammals.

2.8 Conservation and relationship with man The great beauty and popularity of the Indian Peafowl has ensured its protection throughout

most of its native ranges. It enjoys the grace of the National Bird od India. The Peafowl is

prominent in the mythology and folklore of the Indian people. The Hindus consider the bird

to be sacred because of its association with Lord Krishna, who used to wear its feather as

crown (Mor Mokut). It is also associated with the God Kartikey, son of the Lord Shiva and

Parvati and brother of Lord Ganesha. It is “Vaahan” (transport) of Lord Kartikeya. This long

and close association with humans has proven the Peafowl’s adaptability to human altered

landscapes. In villages where it is protected, it becomes quite tame, but is very shy and

secretive where hunted. Peacock is generally protected by the local people.

2.9 Conservation Measures for Fauna with respect to project proponent

I. Strategy: Will make it an essential component of the project to look after the wellbeing of

the animal in its natural habitat.

II. Protection and development of habitat: Will keep vigil on illicit felling and illegal grazing

in the nearby area. All other activities which may damage the habitat will be kept on watch.

III. Strategy to enhance food supply: Planting of fruit and berries bearing species in the

project area will be carried out. In the core zone, the grain-feeding trays will be provided to

get feed along with artificial water body.

IV. Creation of tree groves: It will help the bird provide very good shelter for resting and

roosting. The increased number of trees will increase flowering and hence the insects and

butterflies which may serve the assured food supply. Plantation will be done with a difference

of 100 m from the project boundary.

VI. Awareness strategy: It will be ensured through regular awareness programs and through

publicity by way of signage’s, posters, bill distributions, public meetings, announcements,

student’s awareness sessions etc. with the help of forest department.

3 Conservation Plan for Leopard (Panthera pardus)

3.1 Taxonomy Taxonomical classification of Leopard (Stein, et al., 2016)

3.2 General Description

The leopard (Panthera pardus) is an old-world mammal of the Felidae family and the smallest of the four 'big cats' of the genus Panthera, along with the tiger, lion, and jaguar. Leopards that are melanistic, either all-black or very dark in coloration, are known colloquially as Black Panthers.

3.3 Habitat

As of 1996, the leopard had the largest distribution of any wild cat, although populations before and since have shown a declining trend and are fragmented outside of sub-Saharan Africa. On the Indian subcontinent, topographical barriers to the dispersal of this subspecies are the Indus River in the west, and the Himalayas in the north. In the east, the lower course of the Brahmaputra and the Ganges Delta form natural barriers to the distribution of the Indochinese leopard. Indian leopards are distributed all over India, in Nepal, Bhutan,

Kingdom Animalia

Phylum Chordata

Class Mammalia

Order Carnivora

Suborder Feliformia

Family Felidae

Subfamily Pantherinae

Genus Panthera

Species pardus

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Bangladesh and parts of Pakistan. In the Himalayas they are sympatric with snow leopards up to 5,200 meters (17,100 ft) above sea level (Hayward, et al., 2006).

3.4 Biology and Behaviour

Graceful and stealthy, leopards are famous for their ability to go undetected. They are good, agile climbers, but cannot get down from a tree headfirst, because they do not have the ankle flexibility.

Along with climbing, they are strong swimmers but not as fond of water as tigers. For example, leopards will not normally lie in water. They are mainly nocturnal but can be seen at any time of day and will even hunt during daytime on overcast days. In regions where they are hunted, nocturnal behaviour is more common. These cats are solitary, avoiding one another. However, three or four are sometimes seen together. Hearing and eyesight are the strongest of these cats' senses and are extremely acute. Olfaction is relied upon as well, but not for hunting. When making a threat, leopards stretch their backs, depress their ribcages between their shoulder blades so they stick out, and lower their heads (similar to domestic cats). During the day they may lie in bush, on rocks, or in a tree with their tails hanging below the treetops and giving them away.

3.5 Food Habit

Leopards are opportunistic hunters. Although mid-sized animals are preferred, the leopard will eat anything from dung beetles to 900 kg male giant elands. Their diet consists mostly of ungulates and monkeys, but rodents, reptiles, amphibians, birds and fish are also eaten. In fact, they hunt about 90 different species of animals. The leopard stalks its prey silently and at the last-minute pounces on its prey and strangles its throat with a quick bite. Leopards often hide their kills in dense vegetation or take them up trees, and are capable of carrying animals up to three times their own weight this way. Storing carcasses up trees keeps them away from other predators such as spotted hyenas, jackals, tigers and lions, though the latter will occasionally be successful in climbing and fetching the leopard kills.

3.6 Reproduction A male may follow a female who catches his attention. Eventually fighting for reproductive

rights can take place. Depending on the region, leopards may mate all year round (India and

Africa) or seasonally during January to February. The oestrous cycle lasts about 46 days and

the female usually is in heat for 6-7 days. Cubs are usually born in a litter of 2-3, but infant

mortality is high, and mothers are not commonly seen with more than 1-2 cubs. The pregnant

females find a cave, crevice among boulders, hollow tree, or thicket to give birth and make a

den. Cubs open their eyes after a period of 10 days. The fur of the young tends to be longer

and thicker than that of adults. Their pelage is also greyer in color with less defined spots.

Around three months the infants begin to follow the mother out on hunts. At one year of age

leopard young can probably fend for themselves but they remain with the mother for 18-24

months.

3.7 Threats The Leopard is under threats from various quarters that include the demand for Skin conflict with habitat degradation. Habitat degradation and loss - more significantly from conversion of their habitat to agriculture, habitation and industrial growth. Hunting and poaching of Leopard for his Skin. The rapidly growing human population needs more food and timber off the same land. Grazing by domestic livestock is dramatically increasing as pastoralists sink new

waterholes and transport animals by truck to temporary pastures. Presence of weed such as Prosopis juliflora in habitation of Leopard. The thorns of

Prosopis are very strong and cause grave injuries. In several cases, the animals that get wounded by these thorns are not able to travel and hunt and feed themselves, they lose their health and finally die.

Human–leopard conflict: Expansion of agriculturally used land, encroachment of humans and their livestock into protected areas are main factors contributing to habitat loss and decrease of wild prey. As a result, leopards’ approach human settlements, where they are tempted to prey on dogs, pigs and goats -domestic livestock, which constitutes an important part of their diet, if they live on the periphery of human habitations. Human–leopard conflict situations ensue, and have increased in recent years. In retaliation for attacks on livestock, leopards are shot, poisoned and trapped in brutal snares.

4 Conservation Plan for Black Patridge

4.1 Taxonomy Taxonomical classification of Francolinus francolinus

4.2 General Description The black francolin (Francolinus francolinus) is a gamebird in the pheasant family Phasianidae

of the order Galliformes, gallinaceous birds. It was formerly known as the Black Partridge. It

is the state bird of Haryana state, India. The head of the black francolin is curved with brown

iris eyes color and unique pattern of brown color crown and the throat color is black. It has a

length range of 33 to 36 cm and weight approximate about 453 g (16 oz) and the size of black

francolin is 9 to 16 inches. The primary color is black with black breast rufous belly, white

spots on flanks and golden-brown spots at the back of body. The flight pattern of black

francolin is short, direct flight punctuated by glides with rounded wings, rounded tail narrow

black and white bars.

4.3 Habitat Black francolin is found in India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, Java,

Afghanistan, Sumatra and Maldives. There are some fragmented populations in the western

Kingdom Animalia

Phylum Chordata

Class Aves

Order Galliformes

Family Phasianidae

Sub-family Perdicinae

Genus Francolinus

Species francolinus

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parts of the range. The southern edge of its range extends eastwards from Gujarat, Haryana,

Madhya Pradesh, and Orissa to Assam. In north it is seldom found above an altitude of 2700

m. Black francolins appear to be found in scrubby habitats with plenty of cultivated crops tall

enough to offer shelter and open beneath to provide escape routes and easy travel. They

prefer the areas of thick vegetation, usually near water. They are not forest birds but will

frequent brush land and wood edges associated with grass land. These birds are secretive,

shy and suspicious of humans. They generally found in small groups or in pairs.

4.4 Physical Characteristics The male is black with white patch on the cheek, a chestnut collar and white spots on the

flanks. The back and wings are scalloped with shades of golden brown with sub-terminal

tawny-buff bands and pale edges. Tail is black with narrow white bars. Legs are reddish-brown

to red. Female similar to the male, but is paler, with wider brown bars on the lower back, the

white cheek patch is missing and the chestnut collar replaced by a nuchal patch.

4.5 Biology and Behaviour Francolins normally nests in a tall grassland from late March to May. The male may be seen

standing on a rock or low tree attracting attention with its extraordinary creaking call. It may

be heard all day long in April, during nesting, and less persistently in March and May as well

as the summer months. Both parents tend chicks after hatching. Young stay with parents

through their first winter. The most likely breeding locations Savanna, Grasslands, Scrub

vegetation areas under the cultivated crops. They have a loud call during the breeding season.

Males may also become aggressive during the breeding season, make sure there is plenty of

cover and escape routes for the hen and it may be necessary to house her separate and allow

limited access for breeding only. They are generally monogamous in the wild and it is best to

house only pair per aviary. Well planted aviaries with little surrounding traffic would be best

for breeding. They are fairly winter hardy, but always provide some shelter during the coldest

month breeds from late March to September depending on the range.

4.5.1.1 Flight pattern As the terrestrial birds, the Black Francolin does not like to fly. But is disturbed, it runs or

flushes, flying over 300-400 metres in low flight with strong wing-beats alternating with

glides, before to run again for reaching the cover.

4.5.1.2 Voice The call of the black francolin, described as a loud ringing klik cheek-cheek- cheerakik or "kik-

kik- kik"," kwee- kweeeee- kwee" can be heard in the mornings and evenings and almost all

day during the breeding season.

4.5.1.3 Protection/Threats/ Status: The Black Francolin has suffered heavy decline due to trapping and overhunting. The species

is also vulnerable to habitat loss. With the ban of hunting, the populations are slowly

recovering, but the species is rare in some parts of the range, and common to widespread

elsewhere. However, the populations of the Black Francolin are not currently threatened.

4.6 Food Habit The Black Francolin feeds on seeds of grasses, weed and cereal crops. It also takes shoots,

leaves and tubers, berries and figs. Some insects and their larvae, and especially termites and

ants, are also consumed. It feeds on the ground and occasionally catches amphibians, reptiles,

earthworms and spiders.

4.7 Conservation and relationship with Man

I. Strategy: Will make it an essential component of the project to look after the wellbeing of

the animal in its natural habitat.

II. Protection and development of habitat: Will keep vigil on illicit felling and illegal grazing

in the nearby area. All other activities which may damage the habitat will be kept on watch.

III. Strategy to enhance food supply: Planting of fruit and berries bearing species in the

project area will be carried out. In the core zone, the grain-feeding trays will be provided to

get feed along with artificial water body.

IV. Creation of tree groves: It will help the bird provide very good shelter for resting and

roosting. The increased number of trees will increase flowering and hence the insects and

butterflies which may serve the assured food supply. Plantation will be done with a difference

of 100 m from the project boundary.

VI. Awareness strategy: It will be ensured through regular awareness programs and through

publicity by way of signage’s, posters, bill distributions, public meetings, announcements,

student’s awareness sessions etc. with the help of forest department.

5 Conservation Plan for Indian Cobra

5.1 Taxonomy Kingdom Animalia

Phylum Chordata

Class Reptilia

Order Squamata

Suborder Serpentes

Family Elapidae

Genus Naja

Species N. naja

5.2 Geographical distribution Pakistan, India (throughout most of the country), Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan,

possibly E. Afghanistan. The Indian cobra is native to the Indian subcontinent which includes

present day Nepal, Pakistan, India, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. It can be found in plains, jungles,

open fields and the regions heavily populated by people. Its distribution ranges from sea-level

up to 2,000 meters (6,600 ft) above sea-level.

5.3 General Description The Indian Cobra's most known characteristic features are the wide black band on the

underside of the neck, and the hood marking design which shows half-rings on either side of

the hood. It is a smooth-scaled snake with black eyes, a wide neck and head, and a medium-

sized body. Its colouring varies from black, to dark brown, to a creamy white. The body is

usually covered with a spectacled white or yellow pattern, which sometimes forms ragged

bands. The Indian cobra may grow from 1.8m to 2.2m

The Indian Cobra's most known characteristic features are the wide black band on the

underside of the neck, and the hood marking design which shows half-rings on either side of

the hood. It is a smooth-scaled snake with black eyes, a wide neck and head, and a medium-

sized body. Its colouring varies from black, to dark brown, to a creamy white. The body is

usually covered with a spectacled white or yellow pattern, which sometimes forms ragged

bands. The Indian cobra may grow from 1.8m to 2.2m

5.4 Habitat Indian cobras are found in many habitats but generally prefer open forest edges, fields, and

the areas around villages, often with water in the vicinity. They are found anywhere their

prey, rats, are abundant. The Indian cobra usually hides in holes in embankments, termite

mounds, tree hollows, rock piles, caves, cracks and small mammal dens.

5.5 Physical Characteristics The Indian cobra is a medium sized, heavy bodied snake, with most adult specimens ranging

from 3 to 5 ft (1-1,5 m) in length. Although occasionally some very large individuals, grow to

more than 7 ft (2m). The Indian cobra head is elliptical in shape, somewhat depressed and

only slightly distinct from neck. They have a short and rounded snout with large nostrils. The

eyes are medium sized with round pupils. Their body is covered with smooth scales. These

markings when present, are formed by 2 circular ocelli connected by a curved line, resembling

spectacles. Hence one of the species common names spectacled cobra, contrary to

the monocled cobra which has only one circular ocelli.

5.6 Biology and Behaviour The Indian cobra is one of the big four snakes of India, which are the snake species responsible

for most of human fatalities by snakebite in India. The Indian cobra venom is highly neurotoxic

and contains powerful post-synaptic neurotoxins and cardiotoxins, and other components

like enzymes that help the venom to spread into the victim's body.

Local symptoms include swelling in the bite area, other general symptoms include weak limbs,

eyelid drooping and extreme salivation accompanied by vomiting and sweating. The venom

acts by paralyzing muscles, and in the most severe bites it can lead to respiratory failure or

cardiac arrest and ultimately to death.

Their venom is fast acting with envenomation symptoms manifesting in as little as 15 minutes

and up to 2 hours after the bite. The subcutaneous LD50 value in mice, ranges from 0.45

mg/kg to 0.75 mg/kg, with an average venom yield per bite ranging between 170 and 250 mg.

Even though Indian cobras are responsible for thousands of bites, if prompt medical

treatment and anti-venom are available and administered properly, only about 10% of bites

prove to be fatal. But even without treatment and depending on the quantity of venom

injected by the snake, studies show a mortality rate of approximately 20 to 30% for untreated

bite victims.

A polyvalent antivenom serum is used to treat snakebites caused by the Indian cobra. Also,

Zedoary, a local spice, reputed for being effective in treating snake bites, is undergoing testing

to see its effectiveness against the Indian cobra venom.

5.7 Food Habit The Indian cobra feeds on a variety of animals, but it preys mostly on rodents. This is why they

are sometimes found near human dwellings, entering buildings, climbing on roof tops and

trees in search of rodents.

They also eat small mammals, birds and bird eggs, frogs, toads, lizards and even snakes

including other venomous snakes.

The Indian cobra bites quickly, injecting their prey with the highly toxic venom and then just

wait until it paralyzes or kills the prey. Just like all other snake species, they swallow their prey

whole.

5.8 Conservation/Threats The Indian cobra is not considered an endangered species, but there are some threats to the

species. These include killing them out of fear or for human consumption and road kill.

The Indian cobra is also the snake used by Indian snake charmers. Its toxic venom is also

necessary in the production of antivenom and other research including pain-killers and anti-

cancer drugs, some of it harvested illegally in regions of India and other countries within its

range.

They are also hunted for their skin bearing the distinctive hood markings which is then used

in the leather industry. The Indian cobra is one of the many venomous snakes exploited for

making traditional Chinese medicines and also snake vine.

The species is listed in CITES because it closely resembles other threatened species. The

species is also protected in India under the Indian Wildlife Protection Act (1972).

6 Conservation Plan for Jackal


Phylum Chordata

Class Mammalia

Order Carnivora

Family Canidae

Genus Canus

Species aureus

Subspecies indicus

6.2 General Description The Indian jackal, also known as the Himalayan jackal is a subspecies of golden jackal.

6.3 Physical Structure Its fur is a mixture of black and white, with buff on the shoulders, ears and legs. The buff

colour is more pronounced in specimens from high altitudes. Black hairs predominate on the

middle of the back and tail. The belly, chest and the sides of the legs are creamy white, while

the face and lower flanks are grizzled with grey fur. It is generally of a richer colour than

the common jackal, the pale areas of the back being of a pale buff colour rather than whitish

or silver. Black specimens have been reported in Bengal. Adults are slightly larger than

common jackals, and grow to a length of 100 cm (39 in), 35–45 cm (14–18 in) in height and

8–11 kg (18–24 lb) in weight.

6.4 Distribution and Habitat Indian wolf is mainly found in Sikkim, India, Bhutan, Assam, Burma and Nepal. In India it is

mainly found in states like Kutch, Maharashtra, Rajasthan and Haryana.

Indian Jackals are found in the variety of habitats. They are mostly spotted in the semi- desert,

evergreen forests, savannas and agricultural areas.

6.5 Feeding Habits The Indian jackal's omnivorous diet allows it to eat a large range of foods; this diet, together

with its tolerance of dry conditions, enables it to live in different habitats. The jackal's long

legs and lithe body allow it to trot over great distances in search of food. It is able to go

without water for extended periods and has been observed on islands that have no fresh

water. They have been known to ascend over 1,000 m (3,300 ft) up the slopes of

the Himalayas; they can withstand temperatures as low as −25 °C (−13 °F) and sometimes

−35 °C (−31 °F). They are not adapted to snow, and in snow country they must travel along

paths made by larger animals or humans. In India, they will occupy the surrounding foothills

above arable areas, entering human settlements at night to feed on garbage, and have

established themselves around hill stations at 2,000 m (6,600 ft) height above mean sea level.

The Indian jackal is both a predator and a scavenger, and an omnivorous and opportunistic

forager with a diet that varies according to its habitat and the season. In Bharatpur, India,

over 60% of its diet was measured to consist of rodents, birds, and fruit. In the Kanha Tiger

Reserve, 80% of its diet consists of rodents, reptiles and fruit. Vegetable matter forms part of

the jackal diet, and in India they feed intensively on the fruits of buckthorn, dogbane, Java

plum, and the pods of mesquite and the golden rain tree. The jackal will scavenge off the kills

made by the lion, tiger, leopard, dhole, and grey wolf. In some regions of Bangladesh and

India, these subsist by scavenging on carrion and garbage, and will cache extra food by burying

it.

6.6 Mating Behaviour Indian jackals are monogamous and will remain with the one partner until death. Female

jackals have only one breeding cycle each year. Breeding occurs from February to March in

India with the mating period lasting up to 26–28 days. Females undergoing their first estrous

are often pursued by several males that may quarrel among themselves. Mating results in a

copulatory tie that lasts for several minutes, as it does with all other canids. Gestation lasts

63 days, and the timing of the births coincides with the annual abundance of food.

In India, the jackal will take over the dens of the Bengal fox and the Indian crested porcupine,

and will use abandoned gray wolf dens. Most breeding pairs are spaced well apart and

maintain a core territory around their dens. Den excavations commence from late April to

May in India, with dens located in scrub areas. Rivulets, gullies, and road and check-dam

embankments are prime denning habitats. Drainage pipes and culverts have been used as

dens. Dens are 2–3 m (6.6–9.8 ft) long and 0.5–1 m (1.6–3.3 ft) deep, with between 1–3

openings. Young pups can be moved between 2–4 dens. The male helps with digging the den

and raising the pups.

6.7 Status The Indian Jackal (Canis aureus indicus), is included in CITES Appendix III, and is listed in

the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972, under Schedule II (part 2) (MoEF, 1972).

6.8 Human Interaction In the Marwahi forest division of the Chhattisgarh state in eastern India, the jackal is of

conservation value and there were no jackal attacks reported before 1997. During 1998–2005

there were 220 reported cases of jackal attacks on humans, although none were fatal. The

majority of these attacks occurred in villages, followed by forests and crop fields. Jackals build

their dens in the bouldery hillocks that surround flat areas, and these areas have been

encroached by human agriculture and settlements. This encroachment has led to habitat

fragmentation and the need for jackals to enter agricultural areas and villages in search for

food, resulting in conflict with humans. People in this region habitually chase jackals from

their villages, which leads to the jackals becoming aggressive. Female jackals with pups

respond with an attack more often than lone males.

6.8.1 Threats & Revival While hunting and trapping by humans have played a part in the decline of this subspecies of

jackal, the primary factors include drastic loss of habitat, decline in prey populations, acting

as harmful pests to domestic animals and increase in human populations within the jackal’s

historic ranges.

Some indigenous people of India, such as the Kolis and Vaghirs of Gujarat and Rajasthan and

the Narikuravas in Tamil Nadu, hunt and eat golden jackals, but the majority of South Asian

cultures consider the animal to be unclean. The orthodox dharma texts forbid the eating of

jackals because they have five nails. In the area of the former Soviet Union, jackals are not

actively hunted and are usually captured only incidentally during the hunting of other animals

by means of traps or shooting during drives.

6.8.2 Specific conservation measures for Indian Jackal Awareness: The public shall be informed on a regular basis about species status,

management and research and ways to reduce damage. The most influential ways of

communication shall be chosen – radio, TV, biggest newspapers and other social

media platforms. Seminars for specialists from relevant fields on jackals (large

carnivore) conservation news shall be held.

Ban on poaching: Stricter implementation/ penalization for poaching, hunting and

illegal trade of jackal products.

Livestock owners will be informed about possible ways of preventing jackal attacks as

well as about the risk factors that increase the probability of such attacks.

For surveillance: With the people’s participation some guides will be included from

the adjoining villages in the project team which will keep alerting for any unwanted

incidences to happen. They will be awarded for such surveillance support activities.

For offending elements: The enforcement authorities will be informed and with their

help action will be taken against such elements.

For patrolling of the area: The forest department is expected to patrol the

surrounding areas for curbing any prohibited activities. The project team may provide

conveyance facilities to these teams on availability.

7 Conservation Plan for Indian Monitor Lizard

7.1 Taxonomy Taxonomical Classification of Indian monitor lizard (International, 2016)

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Reptilia

Order: Squamata

Family: Varanidae

Genus: Varanus

Subgenus: Empagusia

Species: V. bengalensis

7.2 General Description Bengal monitors or common Indian monitors (Varanus bengalensis) occur across much of

southern Asia. Compared to other varanid lizards, Bengal monitors have a much larger

geographic range, where they are considered less restricted both geographically and

environmentally. This species is widely distributed from Afghanistan to Java, including

southeastern Iraq, Iran, and Afghanistan, Pakistan and India, southern Nepal, Bhutan, and

China, North and South Vietnam, Laos, and islands in the Strait of Malacca and the Greater

Sunda Islands.

7.3 Habitat Unlike other varanid lizards, Bengal monitors have the ability to cope with a broad range of

environments, from deserts to rainforests to habitats having seasonally snowy winters.

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However, generally they are found in areas with continuously warm climates, with mean

annual air temperatures of approximately 24 C. Most of southern Asia experiences seasonal

monsoons and wind patterns influenced by neighbouring seas and mountains. Thus,

precipitation across much of the range for Bengal monitors is highly variable. Some habitat

areas are relatively arid, with mean precipitation less than 200 mm per year. Other habitats

are considerably more humid, with annual rainfall reaching 2,200 mm per year. The most

common tropical forest habitats for Bengal monitors are deciduous, semi-deciduous,

evergreen tropical forests, and thorn brush.

7.4 Physical Characteristics Adult Bengal monitors are generally grey or greenish-grey in color, with a ventral pattern of

grey to black crossbars from the chin to the tail. These markings are generally darkest in the

western parts and lightest in the eastern parts of the geographic range. These ventral

markings typically become lighter, and the ground color darker, with age. Thus, adults display

a less pronounced, less contrasting pattern than younger Bengal monitors.

In the wild, the heaviest recorded male Bengal monitor weighed 7.18 kg, though captive

individuals have been reported to reach 10.2 kg. In the wild, males generally weigh 42% more

than females. Males of the same snout to vent length (SVL) as females are typically 9.2%

heavier. Young Bengal monitors, on average, weigh 0.078 kg.

7.5 Behaviour In the wild, Bengal monitors are almost completely solitary. Much of the daytime is spent in

constant movement, searching for food. Bengal monitor are more likely to interact with one

another during the peak breading season, when males compete for mates. There are no noted

negative impacts of Varanus bengalensis on humans. Bengal monitors are not large enough

to attack any livestock nor do they eat any human cultivated crops. They may eat any small

mammals that they can easily catch

7.6 Food Habit The diet of Bengal monitors is almost strictly carnivorous. They consume almost anything that

is smaller than themselves and that they can easily overpower. They are known to scavenge

carcasses of previously felled animals. Their documented observed prey species list is

considerable, containing roughly 200 species. Common prey includes: annelids, insects,

amphibians, smaller reptiles, birds, small mammals, and eggs. Cannibalism of eggs, hatchlings,

and even adults has been noted, although predation on adults is rare. As with most varanids,

they swallow prey whole but are also capable of ripping and tearing flesh from larger animals

and carcasses. At smaller body sizes for Bengal monitors, various beetles species represent

the largest portion of their diet, averaging 52.8%. The second largest component of their diet

is made up of orthopteran insects at 9.5%. The remainder of their diet is made up of other

insects, crabs, rodents, reptiles, spiders, birds and almost any other animal they can

reasonably consume. Primary Diet carnivore eats terrestrial vertebrate’s insectivore eats non-

insect arthropods scavenger. Animal Foods birds’ mammals’ amphibians’ reptiles’ carrion

insect’s terrestrial non-insect arthropods

7.7 Conservation Status According to the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Varanus bengalensis is a species of

Least Concern. This is based on its wide geographic range. However, there are increasing

pressures on the species. They are hunted for their meat, skins, and for use in medicine. Due

to expanding human habitation and urbanization, the range threats to their population are

likely to increase in the future.

8 Conservation Plan for Indian Fox

Figure 3 Indian Jackal

8.1 Taxonomy Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Sub phylum Vertebrata

Class: Mammalia

Order: Carnivora

Family: Canidae

Genus: Vulpes

Species: bengalensis

8.2 General Description Vulpes bengalensis is a relatively small fox with an elongated muzzle, long, pointed ears, and

a bushy tail about 50 to 60% of the length of the head and body. Its dorsal pelage is very

variable, but mostly grayish and paler ventrally; its legs tend to be brownish or rufous. It is

more daintily built than Vulpes vulpes. The tail is bushy with a prominent black tip which

distinguishes it from V. vulpes. Back of ears are dark brown with black margin. Its rhinarium

is naked and the lips are black, with small black hair patches on upper part of nuzzle (shaft) in

front of eyes. The ears have the same colour as the nape or maybe darker, but not having a

dark patch as in V. vulpes. Extensive variation in coat colour exists across populations and

seasonally within populations, but generally varies from grey to pale brown. The head and

body length are 18 in (46 cm), with a 10 in (25 cm) long tail. Typical weight is 5 to 9 pounds

(2.3 to 4.1 kg).

Foxes make a wide range of vocalizations. A chattering cry is the most common call. They also

growl, whine, whimper, and bark. The Bengal fox does not appear to have latrine behaviour,

a feature seen in some social canids, in which all members defecate at specific spots. They

can be heard howling in the night in groups.

8.3 Habitat Bengal foxes are mainly crepuscular in their habits. During the heat of the day, they hide

under vegetation or in subterranean dens that they dig. The dens are large and complex with

multiple chambers and escape routes. They are sometimes seen basking at a vantage point

around sunrise or sunset. In captivity, the lifespan is about 6 to 8 years.

8.4 Reproduction The Bengal fox forms pair bonds that may last a lifetime, but extra-pair copulations are known

to occur. Throughout most of its range, the mating season starts in autumn (usually October–

November) and after a gestation period around 50–60 days, two to four pups are born in a

den. Both parents participate in pup-rearing. The pups are fully weaned about 3–4 months

after emerging from the den. Pup mortality is high during the first few months. Pups may

sometimes be nursed by multiple females. During the day, they tend to rest under shrubs and

bushes, except in summer when they rest in dens.

8.5 Food Habit Indian foxes were observed to feed on a wide variety of prey items. Arthropods were the most

frequently occurring prey in their diet. IRI scores were highest for the group Coleoptera and

Orthoptera followed by rodents, termites, Ziziphus fruits and spiny tailed lizards (Uromastyx

hardwickii). IRI scores for rodents were higher for pups, differing significantly from

proportions present in adult diet, thus indicating that they are crucial food items for the young

ones. Prey proportions in the fox diet differed between the two habitats in the study area

(grassland and scrubland).

9 Conservation Plan for Jungle Cat


Phylum: Chordata

Class: Mammalia

Order: Carnivora

Suborder: Feliformia

Family: Felidae

Subfamily: Felinae

Genus: Felis

Species: F. chaus

9.2 General Description The jungle cat (Felis chaus), also called reed cat and swamp cat, is a medium-sized cat native

to the Middle East, South and Southeast Asia and southern China. It inhabits foremost

wetlands like swamps, littoral and riparian areas with dense vegetation. It is listed as Least

Concern on the IUCN Red List, and is mainly threatened by destruction of wetlands, trapping

and poisoning

The jungle cat has a uniformly sandy, reddish-brown or grey fur without spots; melanistic and

albino individuals are also known. It is solitary in nature, except during the mating season and

mother-kitten families. Adults maintain territories by urine spraying and scent marking. Its

preferred prey is small mammals and birds. It hunts by stalking its prey, followed by a sprint

or a leap; the ears help in pinpointing the location of prey. Both sexes become sexually mature

by the time they are one year old; females enter oestrus from January to March. Mating

behaviour is similar to that in the domestic cat: the male pursues the female in oestrus, seizes

her by the nape of her neck and mounts her. Gestation lasts nearly two months. Births take

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place between December and June, though this might vary geographically. Kittens begin to

catch their own prey at around six months and leave the mother after eight or nine months.

The jungle cat is a medium-sized, long-legged cat, and the largest of the extant Felis species.

The head-and-body length is typically between 59 and 76 cm (23 and 30 in). This cat stands

nearly 36 cm (14 in) at shoulder and weighs 2–16 kg (4.4–35.3 lb). Its body size decreases

from west (Israel) to east (India); this was attributed to greater competition from small cats

in the east; body size shows a similar decrease from the northern latitudes toward the tropics.

Sexually dimorphic, females tend to be smaller and lighter than males. The face is long and

narrow, with a white muzzle. The large, pointed ears, 4.5–8 cm (1.8–3.1 in) in length and

reddish brown on the back, are set close together; a small tuft of black hairs, nearly 15 mm

(0.59 in) long, emerges from the tip of both ears. The eyes have yellow irides and elliptical

pupils; white lines can be seen around the eye. Dark lines run from the corner of the eyes

down the sides of the nose and a dark patch marks the nose. The skull is fairly broad in the

region of the zygomatic arch; hence the head of this cat appears relatively rounder

A habitat generalist, the jungle cat inhabits places with adequate water and dense vegetation,

such as swamps, wetlands, littoral and riparian areas, grasslands and shrub. It is common in

agricultural lands, such as fields of bean and sugarcane, across its range, and has often been

sighted near human settlements. As reeds and tall grasses are typical of its habitat, it is known

as "reed cat" or "swamp cat". It can thrive even in areas of sparse vegetation, but does not

adapt well to cold climates and is rare in areas where snowfall is common. Historical records

indicate that it occurs up to elevations of 2,310 m (7,580 ft) in the Himalayas. It shuns

rainforests and woodlands

9.3 Behaviour The jungle cat is typically diurnal and hunts throughout the day. Its activity tends to decrease

during the hot noon hours. It rests in burrows, grass thickets and scrubs. It often sunbathes

on winter days. Jungle cats have been estimated to walk 3–6 kilometres (1.9–3.7 mi) at night,

although this likely varies depending on the availability of prey. The behaviour of the jungle

cat has not been extensively studied. Solitary in nature, it does not associate with

conspecifics, except in the mating season. The only prominent interaction is the mother-

kitten bond. Territories are maintained by urine spraying and scent marking; some males have

been observed rubbing their cheeks on objects to mark them

9.4 Reproduction Both sexes become sexually mature by the time they are one year old. Females enter oestrus

lasting for about five days, from January to March. In males, spermatogenesis occurs mainly

in February and March. In southern Turkmenistan, mating occurs from January to early

February. The mating season is marked by noisy fights among males for dominance. Mating

behaviour is like that in the domestic cat: the male pursues the female in oestrus, seizes her

by the nape of her neck and mounts her. Vocalisations and flehmen are prominent during

courtship. After a successful copulation, the female gives out a loud cry and reacts with

aversion towards her partner. The pair then separate.

9.5 Food Habit Jungle cats primarily prey on animals that weigh less than 1 kg and commonly consume

rodents, lizards, snakes, frogs, birds, hare, fish, insects, livestock, and even fruit during the

winter. Rodents are its primary prey item, however, which provides up to 70% of its daily

energy intake. Although they specialize on small prey, jungle cats have been known to kill wild

pigs (Sus scrofa) and chital fawns (Axis axis).

Primary Diet: carnivore eats terrestrial vertebrates

Animal Foods: birds mammals amphibians reptiles fish insects

Plant Foods: fruit

9.6 Conservation status Habitat destruction and persecution by humans are the main threats to jungle cats. As the

human population increases, more land is cultivated and jungle cats' natural habitat is

converted to farmland. Although they are very adaptable, these altered environments do not

support the same density of cats. In addition, farmers often hunt and poison jungle cats for

attacking and killing poultry and are also poached for their fur. Although laws have been

implemented to protect them, illegal trade still continues in many countries. For example,

over the last decade more than 3,000 jungle cat skins have been seized across the globe.

Currently, jungle cats are considered as a species of "least concern" by the IUCN, however,

population numbers are currently declining.

Jungle cats feed primarily on rodents, which provide up to 70% of the cats daily energy intake.

They are often spotted hunting near villages and farms where rodent populations tend to be

higher and are sometimes viewed as pests themselves.

Positive Impacts body parts are source of valuable material controls pest population

Jungle cats can negatively impact poultry farm owners. As a result, jungle cats are often

hunted and poisoned by farmers for attacking poultry.

10 Conservation Plan for Common Mongoose

Figure 4 Indian Mongoose


Phylum: Chordata

Class: Mammalia

Order: Carnivora

Suborder: Feliformia

Family: Herpestidae

Genus Herpestes

Species edwardsi

10.2 General Description The Indian grey mongoose has tawny grey or iron grey fur, which is more grizzled and stiffer

and coarser than that of other mongooses. The ruddiness of the coat varies in different

subspecies, but it is described as appearing more grey than other mongooses. The grizzled

appearance comes from the individual hairs being ringed by creamy-white and black. The legs

are brown and darker than the body. The hair around the muzzle and eyes is also brown but




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with a stronger rusty red colouring. The tail is bushy, whilst the tip of the tail, if coloured, is

pale yellow or white.

The Indian grey mongoose is omnivorous, though most of its diet is made up from live prey it

catches from being an opportunistic hunter, with mice, rats, lizards, snakes, and beetles

making up the bulk. Also eaten are ground birds, their eggs, grasshoppers, scorpions,

centipedes, frogs, crabs, fish, and parts of plants: fruits, berries, and roots, as well as larger

prey including hares and egrets. It kills prey by delivering a bite to the neck or head

The lifespan of the Indian grey mongoose is seven years in the wild, or 12 years, when in

captivity

10.3 Habitat They appear to be able to occupy a wide variety of habitats but preferring open types. These

include grasslands, open areas, rocky patches, scrub, semi-desert, cultivated fields and other

disturbed areas, areas of thickets, bushy vegetation, dry secondary forest, thorn forest, forest

edges, and also near human settlement.

10.4 Physical Characteristics All species of mongoose are long and thin, somewhat similar to weasels, with short legs and

pointed snouts. The smallest species of African mongoose -- the dwarf mongoose -- is just 7

inches in length, while the Egyptian mongoose is the largest at nearly 2 feet. Their tails are

long as well, measuring from 6 to 21 inches. A mongoose’s fur coloration also varies by

species, with some solid brown or gray and some with stripes on their bodies, like the banded

mongoose, or tails, like the Malagasy ring-tailed mongoose.

10.5 Behaviour Some species of mongoose, such as the meerkat and the banded mongoose, live in large social

groups of up to 30 or 40 individuals. These mongooses use social behaviours and hierarchies

to breed, defend themselves and improve their hunting capacity. Other mongooses, like the

Egyptian and Malagasy ring-tailed, live in pairs, small families or alone. All mongooses are

known to be creative in hunting prey, and many are quite bold.

10.6 Food Habit For their diminutive size, mongooses are hearty predators with creative, often bold, hunting

skills. Most species eat rodents, reptiles and frogs, birds and insects, and some will

supplement their primarily carnivorous diet with fruit or other plant material. The dwarf

mongoose, with its particularly small size, eats primarily insects and spiders, while larger

species, like the Egyptian mongoose, subsist on bigger prey including birds and mammals.

Though mongooses are famously known to attack venomous snakes, such attacks are

defensive and such snakes are not typically part of the mongoose diet.

10.7 Conservation Status and Threats According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), most mongoose

species are listed as threatened, but not extinct.

Ironically, in the 1800s mongooses were introduced to Hawaii and the West Indies to control

rodent populations at sugarcane plantations. This introduction in turn caused many species

of birds and other animals to almost become extinct. In fact, the small Asian mongoose is

listed as one of the world's 100 worst invasive alien species.

There are no major threats to this species. Slender Mongooses are locally used as bushmeat

and in traditional medicine. Although wildlife ranching and the private sector have possibly

had a positive effect on this species due to the conservation and connection of suitable

habitats, this small carnivore may be accidentally caught as bycatch in predator and rodent

control programmes using poisons. It is however unlikely that these consumptive uses and

accidental mortalities have a substantial effect on the population.

11 Conservation Plan for Monkey

11.1 Taxonomy

11.2 General Description The rhesus macaque is brown or grey in color and has a pink face, which is bereft of fur. Its

tail is of medium length and averages between 20.7 and 22.9 cm (8.1 and 9.0 in). Adult males

measure about 53 cm (21 in) on average and weigh about 7.7 kg (17 lb). Females are smaller,

averaging 47 cm (19 in) in length and 5.3 kg (12 lb) in weight. Rhesus macaques have, on

average, 50 vertebrae. Their ratio of arm length to leg length is 89%. They have dorsal

scapulae and a wide rib cage.

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Mammalia

Order: Primates

Suborder: Haplorhini

Family: Cercopithecidae

Genus Macaca

Species mulatta




11.3 Habitat Macaca mulatta lives in a wide range of habitats and shows a great deal of adaptability. Some

populations live in flatlands, while others, in northern India and Pakistan, live in the Himalayas

at elevations up to 3,000 m. These primates are able to aclimate to a variety of climatic

extremes, from the hot, dry temperatures found in deserts, to cold winter temperatures

which fall to well below the freezing point.

In addition to living in the wilderness, some populations of M. mulatta have become

accustomed to living alongside humans. Occasionally, small groups can be found living in the

densely populated urban areas of northern India. Groups of rhesus monkeys that become

used to living in areas occupied by people usually search out other human-populated areas if

people attempt to relocate them away from civilization.

11.4 Behaviour and Reproduction Macaca mulatta lives in a wide range of habitats, and shows a great deal of adaptability. Some

populations live in flatlands, while others, in northern India and Pakistan, live in the Himalayas

at elevations up to 3,000 m. These primates are able to aclimate to a variety of climatic

extremes, from the hot, dry temperatures found in deserts, to cold winter temperatures

which fall to well below the freezing point.

In addition to living in the wilderness, some populations of M. mulatta have become

accustomed to living alongside humans. Occasionally, small groups can be found living in the

densely populated urban areas of northern India. Groups of rhesus monkeys that become

used to living in areas occupied by people usually search out other human-populated areas if

people attempt to relocate them away from civilization.

Rhesus monkeys are highly active and very loud. They enjoy being in water and are good

swimmers. They live in groups of up to two hundred individuals. When a group's size reaches

80 to 100 members, a subgroup of females may split off to form a new group. Populations

generally consist of a few unrelated males and many closely related females. Sometimes small

groups form that consist of only males. Males usually leave the group in which they were born

shortly after they reach sexual maturity.

11.5 Food Habit The dietary habits of rhesus monkeys can vary greatly depending upon where they live.

Macaca mulatta is omnivorous, and often eat roots, herbs, fruits, insects, crops, and small

animals. The diet can also vary with the season. For example, rhesus that live in the mountain

forests of northern Pakistan feed primarily on clovers during the summer, but during winter

when snow covers the ground they are forced to switch to foods with lower nutritional values

and higher fiber contents, such as pine needles and oak leaves. These monkeys seem to

choose their environments carefully with respect to food resources. Even when they are

forced to switch to lower quality food sources during the winter months, they do not exhibit

higher mortality rates, although they may lose a considerable percentage of their body

weight.

11.6 Conservation Status IUCN considers this species Lower risk/ near threatened.

12 Conservation Plan for Langoor


Phylum: Chordata

Class: Mammalia

Order: Primates

Suborder: Haplorhini

Infraorder: Simiiformes

Family: Cercopithecidae

Subfamily: Colobinae

Genus: Semnopithecus

12.2 General Description Gray langurs, sacred langurs, Indian langurs or Hanuman langurs are a group of Old-World

monkeys native to the Indian subcontinent constituting the entirety of the genus

Semnopithecus. Gray langurs are fairly terrestrial, inhabiting forest, open lightly wooded

habitats, and urban areas on the Indian subcontinent. Most species are found at low to

moderate altitudes, but the Nepal gray langur and Kashmir gray langur occur up to 4,000 m

(13,000 ft) in the Himalayas.

In one-male groups, the resident male is usually the sole breeder of the females and sires all

the young. In multiple-male groups, the highest-ranking male fathers most of the offspring,

followed by the next-ranking males and even outside males will father young. Higher-ranking

females are more reproductively successful than lower-ranking ones




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Female gray langurs do not make it obvious that they are in estrous. However, males are still

somehow able to deduce the reproduction state of females. Females signal that they are

ready to mate by shuddering the head, lowering the tail, and presenting their anogenital

regions. Such solicitations do not always lead to copulation. When langurs mate, they are

sometimes disrupted by other group members Females have even been recorded mounting

other females.

12.3 Habitat The Southern Plains Grey Langur is primarily herbivorous and feeds on a wide range of plant

matter, from leaves, fruit, shoots, roots, grass, bamboo, ferns, coniferous needles and cones,

mosses and lichen. This means they do not live in specialised habitats, and can be found at

various altitudes in tropical rainforest, dry deciduous forest, sacred groves, gardens and open

scrub.

12.4 Food Habit Gray langurs are primarily herbivores. However, unlike some other colobines they do not

depend on leaves and leaf buds of herbs, but will also eat coniferous needles and cones, fruits

and fruit buds, evergreen petioles, shoots and roots, seeds, grass, bamboo, fern rhizomes,

mosses, and lichens. Leaves of trees and shrubs rank at the top of preferred food, followed

by herbs and grasses. Non-plant material consumed include spider webs, termite mounds and

insect larvae. They forage on agricultural crops and other human foods, and even accept

handouts. Although they occasionally drink, langurs get most of their water from the moisture

in their food

12.5 Behaviour Langur groups tend to be small, with around 7 to 15 members, including a dominate male and three or more females and their young. In some cases, you can find monogamous pairs. A typical group embraces a territory of 35 to 40 hectares. Males not in a group may form all male groups.

Many langur and Asian colobine monkeys form territorial groups of related females (natal groups) who appear to safeguard availability to resources and allow preferential access to a single male, but usually for no more than two years.

Dominate male changes are followed by bouts of infanticide in which the new male methodically kills all unweaned infants in the group and mates with females ensure their offspring carry his genes not those of his rival. This behavior was first noted among Hanuman langurs but occurs among other species as well. Curiously, many langur infants are born with an orange natal coat that contrasts with that of other monkey changes to adult coloration after a few months. This feature would seem to help new males target their victims.

Langurs make a noise that sounds like a "staccato cough" when they are angry or spot a tiger. When langurs drink at water holes, there is often a scout in a tree that keeps an eyes for tigers and other predators.

12.6 Threats and Conservation Grey Langurs are under protective laws in India which forbid people from killing or capturing

them, but lack of awareness and enforcement means these langurs are often kept as pets, for

roadside performances, for religious purposes by Hindu priests. Additionally, they are also

occasionally hunted for food and medicinal purposes, and certain parts of their bodies are

used as lucky amulets.

Although they are considered less aggressive than other primates, they are occasionally

persecuted for their crop-raiding and food-stealing behaviours, especially in towns and cities.

The populations living in urban habitats are also subject to accidental mortality on roads.

Their biggest threat is considered to be logging, agriculture and slash-and-burn (jhum)

practices which are encroaching on natural forest habitats. However, as Southern Plains Grey

Langurs have successfully adapted to urban habitats and are common in their widely

distributed range, they are listed as Least Concern by IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

13 Conservation Plan for Indian Krait


Phylum Chordata

Class Reptilia

Order Squamata

Family Elapidae

Genus Bungarus

Species caerulus

13.2 General description The Common Krait (Bungarus caeruleus) or also known as Indian Krait is a venomous snake

and a member of the big four that is responsible for maximum human deaths across India.

13.2.1 Physical Structure The average length is 0.9 m (3.0 ft), but they can grow to 1.75 m (5 ft 9 in). Males are longer,

with proportionately longer tails. The head is flat and the neck hardly evident. The body is

cylindrical, tapering towards the tail. The tail is short and rounded. The eyes are rather small,

with rounded pupils, indistinguishable in life. The head shields are normal, with no loreals;

four shields occur along the margin of the lower lip; the third and fourth supraoculars touch

the eye. The scales are highly polished, in 15-17 rows; the vertebral row is distinctly enlarged

and hexagonal. Ventrals number 185-225 and caudals 37-50.

Colouration is generally black or bluish black, with about 40 thin, white crossbars which may

be indistinct or absent anteriorly. The pattern, however, is complete and well defined in the

young, which are marked with conspicuous crossbars even anteriorly; in old individuals, the

narrow white lines may be found as a series of connected spots, with a prominent spot on the

vertebral region. A white preocular spot may be present; the upper lips and the belly are

white.

13.2.2 Distribution and Habitat This species is found in main Peninsular India from Sindh (Pakistan), to the West

Bengal plains. It occurs throughout South India and Sri Lanka at elevations up to about 1600

m. It is also recorded from Afghanistan, Bangladesh, and Nepal.

Its range comprises a wide variety of habitats. It is found in fields and low scrub jungle, as well

as inhabited areas. It is known to take up residence in termite mounds, brick piles, rat holes,

even inside houses. It is frequently found in water or in proximity to a water source. Nocturnal

in nature, it is alert and active after dusk until early morning. During the day it is found

generally resting inside rodent burrows, termite hills and brick and rubble piles.

13.2.3 Food Habits Found in farms and gardens, the Common Krait is cannibalistic in nature and also preys on

other snakes. The common krait feeds primarily on other snakes, including: "blind worms"

and cannibalizes on other kraits, including the young. It also feeds on small mammals (such

as rats, and mice), lizards and frogs. The young are known to eat arthropods.

13.2.4 Mating Behaviour The Common Krait breeding season begins with summer this is an oviparous snake, meaning

females lay eggs. Like some other snake species, male combat has been observed normally

during spring and summer months. Females will lay a clutch of 8 to 12 eggs in mounds, holes,

and in leaf litter from March to July. The eggs will hatch in about 60 days usually coinciding

with the start of monsoon season, during the incubation period the female stays with the

eggs. At birth, the hatchlings are about 25 to 27cm long and look similar to adults.

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13.2.5 Status The Indian Krait (Bungarus caerulus) has not been accessed yet by IUCN but is listed in

the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972, under Schedule IV (MoEF, 1972).

13.2.6 Human Interaction Rodents, lizards and frogs are depredated by the krait. It has been reported that Indian rock

krait feeds on these indiscriminately, but seem to prefer other snakes. Most of the

depredations occurred on the roads and agricultural fields because people preferred to kill

the poisonous snake out of fear or did not see the snake move by in the night.

The loss of habitat of Indian krait due to deforestation leads towards the great economic loss

to the local community as well as to the forest ecosystems. Some people were also in the

favor of the kraits as it eats the other poisonous snakes. They thought that the pythons were

not dangerous to humans and should not be removed. Others thought they were dangerous

so either should be killed or taken into laboratories for anti-venom production purposes or

else should be eaten/ skin should be sold off.

Threats

The major threats to the species include indiscriminate killing due to fear of this highly

venomous snake and also deforestation. They are very often victims of road kill, while in

many parts of their range they are exploited for their meat and skin. Their venom regarded

as medically useful is traded and high in demand and price.

13.2.7 Conservation strategy

Specific conservation measures for Indian Krait

Awareness: The public shall be informed on a regular basis about species status,

management and research and ways to reduce damage. The most influential ways of

communication shall be chosen – radio, TV, biggest newspapers and other social

media platforms. Seminars for specialists from relevant fields on snakes conservation

news shall be held.

Ban on poaching: Stricter implementation/ penalization for poaching, hunting and

illegal trade of snake products.

Encouragement of afforestation activities to prevent habitat loss

For surveillance: With the people’s participation some guides will be included from

the adjoining villages in the project team which will keep alerting for any unwanted

incidences to happen. They will be awarded for such surveillance support activities.

For offending elements: The enforcement authorities will be informed and with their

help action will be taken against such elements.

For patrolling of the area: The forest department is expected to patrol the surrounding

areas for curbing any prohibited activities. The project team may provide conveyance

facilities to these teams on availability.

Hunting of Common Krait for their skin should be completely prohibited with the help

of local people and Forest Department Officers.

Provision of better lighting at highways and roads to avoid road kills.

14 Conservation Plan for Russels Viper


Phylum Chordata

Class Reptilia

Order Squamata

Family Viperidae

Genus Viper

Species russelii

14.2 General Description V. russelii can grow to a maximum length (body + tail) of 166 cm (5.5 ft) and averages about

120 cm (4 ft) on mainland Asian populations. Island populations may be slightly smaller on

average. It is slenderer than most vipers. Ditmars (1937) reported the following dimensions

for a "fair-sized adult specimen".

Total length 4 ft., 1 inch 124 cm

Length of tail 7 inches 18 cm

Girth 6 inches 15 cm

Width of head 2 inches 5 cm

Length of head 2 inches 5 cm

The head is flattened, triangular, and distinct from the neck. The snout is blunt, rounded, and

raised. The nostrils are large, each in the middle of a large, single nasal scale. The lower edge

of the nasal scale touches the naso rostral scale. The supra nasal scale has a strong crescent

shape and separates the nasal from the naso rostral scale anteriorly. The rostral scale is as

broad as it is high.

Google image

The crown of the head is covered with irregular, strongly fragmented scales. The supra ocular

scales are narrow, single, and separated by six to nine scales across the head. The eyes are

large, flecked with yellow or gold, and surrounded by 10–15 circumorbital scales. The snake

has 10–12 supra labials, the fourth and fifth of which are significantly larger. The eye is

separated from the supra labials by three or four rows of sub oculars. Of the two pairs of chin

shields, the front pair is notably enlarged. The two maxillary bones support at least two and

at the most five or six pairs of fangs at a time: the first are active and the rest replacements.

The fangs attain a length of 16.5 mm (0.65 in) in the average specimen.

The body is stout, the cross-section of which is rounded to circular. The dorsal scales are

strongly keeled; only the lowest row is smooth. Mid-body, the dorsal scales number 27–33.

The ventral scales number 153–180. The anal plate is not divided. The tail is short — about

14% of the total length — with the paired subcaudals numbering 41–68.

14.3 Habitat V. russelii is not restricted to any particular habitat, but does tend to avoid dense forests. The

snake is mostly found in open, grassy or bushy areas, but may also be found in second growth

forests (scrub jungles), on forested plantations and farmland. It is most common in plains,

coastal lowlands, and hills of suitable habitat. Generally, it is not found at altitude, but has

been reported as far up as 2300–3000 m (7,500-9,800 ft). Humid environments, such as

marshes, swamps, and rain forests, are avoided.

This species is often found in highly urbanized areas and settlements in the countryside, the

attraction being the rodent’s commensal with man. As a result, those working outside in these

areas are most at risk of being bitten. V. russelii does not associate as closely with human

habitation as Naja and Bungarus species (cobras and kraits).

14.4 Behaviour V. russelii is terrestrial and active primarily as a nocturnal forager. However, during cool

weather, it alters its behaviour and becomes more active during the day.

Adults are reported to be slow and sluggish unless pushed beyond a certain limit, after which

they can become very aggressive. Juveniles, though, are generally more nervous.

When threatened, they form a series of S-loops, raise the first third of the body, and produce

a hiss that is supposedly louder than that of any other snake. When striking from this position,

they can exert so much force that even a large individual can lift most of its body off the

ground in the process. These snakes are strong and may react violently to being picked up.

The bite may be a snap, or they may hang on for many seconds.

Although this genus does not have the heat-sensitive pit organs common to the Crotalinae, it

is one of a number of viperines that are apparently able to react to thermal cues, further

supporting the notion that they, too, possess a heat-sensitive organ. The identity of this

sensor is not certain, but the nerve endings in the supra nasal sac of these snakes resemble

those found in other heat-sensitive organs

14.5 Reproduction V. russelii is oviparous. Mating generally occurs early in the year, although pregnant females

may be found at any time. The gestation period is more than six months. Young are produced

from May to November, but mostly in June and July. It is a prolific breeder. Litters of 20–40

are common, although fewer offspring may occur, as few as one. The reported maximum is

75 in a single litter. At birth, juveniles are 215–260 mm (8.5–10.2 in) in total length. The

minimum total length for a gravid female is about 100 cm (39 in). It seems that sexual maturity

is achieved in 2–3 years. In one case, it took a specimen nearly 4.5 hours to give birth to 11

young.

14.6 Food Habit Found both in plains and moderate elevation up to approximately 4800ft; more common in

plains. Distributed in variety of forests including rainforest, mixed, dry, moist deciduous

forest, scrub lands, grassland, wetland etc. Habitat includes dry open lands, agricultural fields,

open country, scrubs having low bushes, rocky terrain having mounds & vegetation etc. Hides

in mounds, holes, piles, caves, cracks, dense leaf litters, dense vegetation etc.

14.7 Threats Road kill mortality, killing due to its venom potency and aggression on encounter with humans

on field are two most commonly known threats. Illegal venom trade for various use including

medical and research use is regularly noticed in parts of its range. In many parts of country, it

is exploited for skin and edible use. The species is listed as "Least Concern" by IUCN, as it's

highly adaptable and widespread and abundant in human-modified habitats.

15 Conservation Plan for Rat Snake


Phylum Chordata

Subphylum Vertebrata

Class Reptilia

Order Squamata

Suborder Serpentes

Family Colubridae

15.2 General Description In general, the dorsum of the Oriental Rat Snake is described as yellowish, greyish, olive to brown, posteriorly with black bands. The labial scales, chin and throat are whitish and framed black. The belly is whitish to yellowish or greenish. The posterior ventrals and subcaudals are edged black or show a black fleck resulting in a dotted row along the ventrals. In juveniles, the anterior body shows light pigmented bands or cross-bars on an overall faintly olive coloured body. Juveniles in at least parts of the range show a distinct, bright green colour.

Dhamans, though harmless to humans, are fast-moving, excitable snakes. In captivity

individuals remain highly territorial and may continue to defend their turf aggressively,

attempting to startle or strike at passing objects. Dhamans are diurnal and semiarboreal. They

inhabit forest floors, wetlands, rice paddies, farmland, and suburban areas where they prey

upon small reptiles, amphibians, birds, and mammals. Adults, unusually for a colubrid, prefer

to subdue their prey by sitting on it rather than by constricting, using body weight to weaken

prey.

15.3 Habitat Rat snakes occupy a wide variety of habitats including rocky timbered hills, hardwood forests,

river floodplains and swamp margins. They are commonly found in abandoned buildings and

barns and are often the most common large snake in suburban areas.

15.4 Food Habits Adult rat snakes primarily eat mice, rats, squirrels, and birds, as well as bird eggs. They are a

common predator on wood duck eggs. Juveniles eat small frogs, lizards, and small rodents.

Rat snakes are constrictors, and adept climbers that can scale brick walls as well as tree trunks.

When frightened they often assume a “kinked” posture and remain motionless. They will

vibrate the tail and expel malodorous musk.

15.5 Conservation Status Rat snakes are very common in the Southeast and are not protected throughout most of it.

16 Specific Conservation Measures in consultation with forest department

a) Plantation details and programs: Preferred roosting trees for the peacocks are Azadirachta indica, Prosopis juliflora, Albizia lebbeck, Dalbergia sissoo, Mimusops elengi etc. The plantation of these trees would be specifically taken up in the Green belt area of the Project with consultation with forest department.

b) Small earthen material lined water tanks will be created in the Core-zone Green area as well as select areas in the Buffer Zone to make sure availability of clean drinking water to the species. The availability of clean water will ensure a permanent stay of species in these areas.

c) Awareness program: It will be ensured through regular awareness programs and through publicity by way of signages, posters, bill distributions, public meetings, announcements, student’s awareness sessions etc.

d) Litter burning will be discouraged strictly. Litter burning practices destroy feeding material and removes the cover and nesting materials necessary for shelter and protection from predators.

e) Dogs movement in the proposed project area will be controlled. Dogs have a detrimental effect on peafowl’s nesting and roaming behaviour. Dogs also lead to hardening the soil by decreasing the vegetation of the area through continuous roaming and sitting at the same place, thereby making a search for food more difficult for the species.

17 Project Budget

The Proponent has proposed a sum of Rs 11 Lacs for conservation of species under the

following heads. The estimates are prepared for the project area in which many activities are

common to all the species as mentioned in the relevant places in the estimates. The total

financial plan is also specifically mentioned in the table below:

Table 8: Budget for conservation

S. No. Component Provision in Lakhs

1 Plantation of suitable species in the buffer area so that the wild animals can reside with the forest

3

2 Awareness generation like in schools, setting up of interpretation zones, etc. for next five years.

2

3 Construction of Khelis/ Water Holes in the surroundings buffer area and regular filling of water

1

4 Purchase and donation of night camera trap, GPS, etc. to Forest Department

1

Total 7 Lakhs

Year wise funds to be submitted by the user agency to Divisional Wildlife Officer, Gurugram

Years 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th

Amounts in Lakhs 3 1 2 1 1


ANNEXURE III- Revised Damage Assessment Report

DAMAGE ASSESSMENT & REMEDIATION PLAN

FOR

COMMERCIAL COMPLEX

“SPAZE BOULEVARD-II”

at

Village – Tikri, Sector-47, Gurgaon, Haryana

DEVELOPED BY:

M/s SPAZE TOWERS PVT. LTD.

Spazedge Commercial Complex, Sector-47, Sohna Road, Gurgaon

PREPARED BY:

M/s Perfact Researchers Pvt. Ltd. (NABL Accredited Testing Laboratory as per ISO/IEC 17025:2005, OSHAS 18001:2007 Certified Laboratory)

5th Floor, NN Mall, Sector 3, Rohini, New Delhi-110085

&

M/s Perfact Enviro Solutions Pvt. Ltd. (NABET Registered Vide List of accredited Consultants organization / Rev 73/8th February 2019 at S.No.-116)

5th Floor, NN Mall, Mangalam Palace,

Sector 3, Rohini, New Delhi-110085

Email: [email protected]; Phone: 011- 49281360

mailto:[email protected]

Commercial Complex “Spaze Boulevard-II” at Village-Tikri, Sector-47, Gurgaon Haryana

2

1 INTRODUCTION _______________________________________________________________________ 3

1.1 CHRONOLOGY OF EVENTS _________________________________________________________________ 3

1.2 Project Details (With present Status) ________________________________________________________ 5

1.3 STATUS OF CONSTRUCTION ________________________________________________________________ 6

1.4 OBJECTIVES OF DAMAGE ASSESSMENT _______________________________________________________ 6

1.5 OBJECTIVES OF REMEDIATION PLAN _________________________________________________________ 7

1.6 NATURAL AND COMMUNITY RESOURCE AUGMENTATION PLAN: __________________________________ 7

2 METHODOLOGY OF ASSESSMENT_________________________________________________________ 8

2.1 ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENT WISE ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY: ______________________________ 8

2.2 METHODOLOGY TO ASSESS DAMAGE DUE TO INTERACTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS ______ 12

2.3 METHODOLOGY TO ASSESS OVERALL DAMAGE DUE TO PROJECT _________________________________ 13

3 DAMAGE ASSESSMENT (A)- COMPONENT WISE ____________________________________________15

4 DAMAGE ASSESSMENT (B) – INTERACTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS _________________33

5 ASSESSMENT SUMMARY AND FINDINGS __________________________________________________37

5.1 FINAL DAMAGE ASSESSMENT SCORE _______________________________________________________ 37

5.2 CONCLUSION OF ASSESSMENT ____________________________________________________________ 37

6 REMEDIATION PLAN AND COST _________________________________________________________38

7 NATURAL RESOURCE & COMMUNTY RESOURCE AUGMENTATION PLAN & BUDGETARY PROVISION __40

8 COST SUMMARY _____________________________________________________________________41


3

1 INTRODUCTION

The project, Commercial Complex “Spaze Boulevard-II” is situated at Village Tikri, Sector-47,

Gurgaon, Haryana being developed by M/s Spaze Tower Pvt Limited. The total plot area of the

project site is 8979.96 m2 (2.219 acre) and net plot area is 7643.285 m2 (1.8887 acre) and having

Built-up area of 23,602.666 m2. The FAR achieved is 13375.75 m2. The total built up of the project

including FAR, Non-FAR & Basement area is 23602.666 m2. Structure of G+12 no. of floors was

proposed, and construction is completed in the complex. The project was applied for

environmental clearance in year 2012 at Haryana SEIAA. There was certain shortcoming in

application and the additional documents were submitted. After many submissions of reply, case

was not granted environment clearance and in the meantime the construction was started in

March 2012.

Since the construction was started before the grant of Environment clearance, hence it

is violation of EIA Notification dated 14th September 2006.

1.1 CHRONOLOGY OF EVENTS S. No Status Dates

1 License License was granted by Town and Country Planning

Department for development of Commercial Colony

vide license no 220 of 2007

09.09.2007

2 Zoning and

Demarcation

Plan

Approval and Zoning plan of the commercial colony

by DTCP, Haryana vide memo no. 17/10

17.04.2008

3 Mining

permission

Mining permission was given by Department of

Mines & Geology, Gurgaon, Haryana vide permit no.

853

29.10.2010

4 AAI Approval AAI NOC was approved by Airports Authority of India

vide letter no. AAI/NOC/2012/91/7200

27.03.2012

5 Excavation Excavation for the foundation and basement started

by March 2012

March 2012

6 Environment

Clearance

Application

(SEIAA)

Environment Clearance application was filed at

SEIAA, Haryana.

13.09.2012

7 Essential

Details Sought

Shortcomings was sought by SEAC, Haryana vide

letter no. HR/SEAC/2012/237/474 in application

18.09.2012

8 Collaboration

agreement

Collaboration agreement was done between

Automax and Spaze Towers

29.11.2012


4

9 Building Plan

Approval

Building Plan was approved by DTCP, Haryana vide

memo no. ZP-319/AD(RA)/2013/31511

22.02.2013

10 Notice from

SEAC

Final Notice from SEAC for submission of documents

asked in query vide letter no.

HR/SEAC/2012/237/474

03.06.2013

11 Forest and

Aravalli

Forest and Aravalli NOC were given by Deputy

Conservator of Forests

20.06.2013

12 Revised

Application

Submitted

Revised application was submitted by PP 12.08.2013

13 Shortcomings Shortcomings was sought by SEAC, Haryana vide

letter no. HR/SEAC/2013/514/836 in application

30.08.2013

14 Reply

Submitted

Documents were submitted by PP 19.09.2013

15 Appraisal

meeting

SEAC has observed that the applicant has applied for

transfer of license (DTCP) in the name of Spaze

Towers Pvt. Ltd. And Automax Construction Pvt. Ltd.

Hence case was delisted.

27.11.2013

16 SEIAA SEIAA has appraised the project in 64th Meeting

dated 04/01/2014 decided to delist the case as per

recommendation of SEAC.

Show because Notice was issue vide order no.

HSPCB/GRN/2016/6727-28 dated 20/07/2016 under

Section 15 of EPA, 1986 for violation of amended EIA

Notification dated 14/09/2006.

11.02.2014

17 Submission of

Application

under

violation

Application under violation Notification No. S.O 804

(E) was submitted in MOEF&CC

09.05.2017

18 TOR Granted TOR granted by MoEF&CC vide F. No. 23-40/2018-IA-

III dated 16-04-2018.

16.04.2018

19 EIA

Submission

Thereafter, EIA Report along with Damage

Assessment & Remediation Plan was submitted to

MoEF & CC on 05.11.2018.

05.11.2018


5

1.2 Project Details (With present Status) S.

No

Particulars Unit Total Current status

1. Total Plot Area m2 8979.96 (2.219 Acre) Acquired

2. Net Plot Area m2 7643.285 (1.8887

Acre)

-

3. Ground Coverage (Permissible)

(40%)

m2 3057.31 -

4. Ground Coverage (Achieved)

(38.85%)

m2 2969.53 Constructed

5. F.A.R (Permissible) (1.75%) m2 13375.75 -

6. F.A.R (Achieved) m2 13375.311 Constructed

7. Non-F.A. R Area/Free from FAR

including Basement


8. Total Basement area m2 9281.85 Constructed

9. Total Built up Area (FAR+ Non-

FAR+ Basement Area)


10. Green Area (20.00 %) m2 1528.657 Yet to be completed

11. Road Area & open area including

surface parking


12. No. of Floors - G+12 Constructed

13. Levels of Basement No. 3 Constructed

14. Height of Building m 47.1 m Constructed

15. Rain Water Harvesting Pits No. 2 Constructed

17. Parking Required ECS 178 -

18. Parking Proposed ECS 214 -

19. No of Service Apartment No. 150 -

20. Total Population No. 1639 -

21. Total Power Requirement KW 1983 -


6

22. No of DG sets KVA 2 x 500 KVA & 1 x

250 KVA

Yet to be installed

1.3 STATUS OF CONSTRUCTION S.

No. Floors Slab

Level

Internal

Brickwork

External

Brickwork Exterior finishing work

1 12th Floor 100% 100% 100% Yet to be done









10 3rd Floor 100% 100% 100% Yet to be done

11 2nd/service

Floor 100% 100% 100% Yet to be done

12 1st Floor 100% 100% 100% Yet to be done

13 Ground Floor 100% 100% 100% Yet to be done

14 Basement 1 100% 100% 100% Yet to be done



1.4 OBJECTIVES OF DAMAGE ASSESSMENT As per notification vide S.O. 804(E) dated 14.03.2017 it has been notified that the violation

cases/non-Compliance will involve the assessment of ecological damage, remediation

plan and natural and community resource augmentation plan. Hence, in this report, we

have collected and analysed the data for assessment of environmental and ecological

damage, prepared remediation plan, and natural and community resource augmentation

plan.

To identify overall impact on air, water, noise, soil and land environment has been

assessed.


7

It has been weighed against the positive impact created on the overall socio-economic

scenario.

To estimate the impact produced, a framework has been designed based on the place of

activity is permissible for the purpose (like it should not fall in eco-sensitive zones etc.);

environmental sensitivity; status of work done till date and status of activities (in

quantitative terms) undertaken during violation period and extent of damage. Detailed

methodology for the same is given in the section 2.

1.5 OBJECTIVES OF REMEDIATION PLAN To suggest control measures for preventing deterioration of air quality along with

approximate cost.

To suggest control measures for preventing deterioration of noise quality along with

approximate cost.

To suggest control measures for preventing deterioration of water quality along with

approximate cost.

Remediation plan of loss of top soil, loss of vegetation including trees and their

approximate cost.

To suggest control measures for keeping community safe from adverse effects of activity

approximate cost.

Plan and suggest development of shelter of green belt to improve environment.

1.6 NATURAL AND COMMUNITY RESOURCE AUGMENTATION PLAN: Augmentation plan will include various activities to be taken for augmentation of Natural

Resources like water, land vegetative cover in a time bound manner and estimation of financial

implication. Activities to be taken for augmentation of community resources. The key community

resources include —

It could be a physical structure or place -- a school, hospital, library, recreation centre. It

might also be an unused building that could house a community centre, a community

owned forest, a park, a pond, or other pasture and open space belonging to community.

It may be a community service that makes life better for majority of community members

- public transportation, early childhood education centre, community recycling facilities,

cultural organization.

Or an activity that provides jobs and supports the local economy.


8

2 METHODOLOGY OF ASSESSMENT

To assess the overall damage, two matrices have been used, the first matrix identifies and

assesses impact on different environmental components and is based on the actual damage

incurred i.e. Assessment type ‘A’. Therefore, the first matrix is a systematic approach on

envisaged damage incurred. The second matrix i.e. Assessment type ‘B’ assumes random

damages that would have taken place due to interaction of different environmental

components, i.e. the overall end to end assessment being done in a subjective matrix

manner. To assess the impact on these environmental parameters, following activities has

been identified:

Site Preparation & levelling

Excavation

Compacting and other related work

Construction of foundation and basement

Construction of super structure

Finishing work of wall, painting, stone cladding, Tiling work

Storage and handling of Construction material, paint & chemicals

Operation of construction of machinery (DG ser, Heavy machinery)

Transportation (Raw material, labour)

Working & daily activity of construction labour

2.1 ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENT WISE ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY:

As Table below shows the component wise methodology considered for assessment to

quantify extent of damage and rate the extent for estimation of remediation cost. Based

on the same, impact analysis, mitigation plan is prepared and finally the overall damage has

been scaled between 0-100%. To assess these environmental parameters, team has been

deputed to assess preliminary assessment of damage to environment. Based on site

inspection and the documentary evidences the environmental aspects vs activity has been

filled.

Component Adopted Methodology Weightage

Air

Environment

Identification of the increase in pollution load on Ambient Air

using AERMOD.

Key receptor has been analysed as the receptor receiving or

envisaged to have received the maximum damage

Dispersion model is run in 1km2 grid with 5m receptor spacing

to understand increase in GLC of PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and NOx

% Contribution of construction activity on key receptor is

calculated based on baseline values from secondary values.

20%


9

Finally, extent of damage is calculation based on below scale % Contribution Rating Interpretation

<0.1% 1 Negligible Impact Habitation at receptor may not feel

much difference in ambient air

quality 0.11 - 1% 2 Minor Impact

1.01%-2% 3 Average impact There may be substantial damage to

the health and lifestyle of habitation

at the receptor 2.01%-5% 4 Heavy impact

5.01%+ 5 Severe Impact

Water

Environment

Extent damage to the water has been identified by water consumption

per sqm built up achieved.

Dewatering done during construction

Management of surface water/ run off

Damage has been estimated based on ground water/ fresh water used in

the project.

% Fresh water used Rating Interpretation

<10% 1 Negligible Impact

11 -20% 2 Minor Impact

21% -40% 3 Average impact

41% -60% 4 Heavy impact

61% + 5 Severe Impact

Construction workers domestic wastewater management has been

used to quantify damage

Management Practice Rating Interpretation

Complete reuse of treated water or use of bio-toilets 1 Negligible Impact

Treated water disposal into sewer 2 Minor Impact

Treated water disposal into soak pit 3 Average impact

Untreated water disposed into sewer 4 Heavy impact

No sewage management 5 Severe Impact

10%

Soil

Environment

Damage to the soil has been identified by monitoring of soil quality

of construction site and nearby site.

Quantity of Soil excavated, and disposal method was examined

Quantity of top soil reused within the site was calculated.

Finally, extent of damage is calculation based on below scale

% reuse of top soil Rating Interpretation

81 – 100 % 1 Negligible damage

60- 81 % 2 Minor damage

41 – 60 % 3 Average damage

21- 40 % 4 Heavy damage

5%


10

0 -20 % 5 Severe damage

Waste

Management

Disposal Method of all type of waste was assessed.

Legal compliances relating to waste management rules.

Finally, extent of damage is calculation based on management

practices followed

Management Practice Rating Interpretation

All compliances and adherence to environmental laws

including C&D Waste management

1 Negligible Impact

Management of Hazardous waste, sewage waste etc.

excluding management of C&D waste

2 Minor Impact

Management of Hazardous waste, sewage waste etc.

excluding management of C&D waste without proper

storage and segregation

3 Average impact

Partial Management of Hazardous waste, sewage

waste etc. excluding management of C&D waste

without proper storage and segregation and no

evidences

4 Heavy impact

No management of any waste 5 Severe Impact

5%

Noise

Environment

To identify the increase in Noise level, noise monitoring has

been done on different construction site for different activity

of work to identify generation of noise.

The monitoring has been done within the boundary and outside

the boundary.

Finally, extent of damage is calculation based on below scale.

Average increase in sound

pressure level within 5m

Rating Interpretation

<5 dBA 1 Negligible Impact

5.1 – 15 dBA 2 Minor Impact

15.1 – 30 dBA 3 Average impact

30.1 – 45 dBA 4 Heavy impact

45.1 + dBA 5 Severe Impact

15%

Ecological

Environment

Damage to the ecological environment has been identified by

identifying number of trees surviving within the site and of

height at least 1.5 m.

No. of trees removed for construction have been estimated


Tree density (Plot area in sqm/ no. of

trees)


At least 1 tree per 60 sqm 1 Negligible impact

At least 1 tree per 80 sqm 2 Minor impact

10%


11

At least 1 tree per 120 sqm 3 Average impact

At least 1 tree per 180 sqm 4 Heavy impact

At least 1 per 200 sqm or more 5 Severe impact

Land Use- Land

Cover

Damage to the Land use has been identified by comparing the

pattern of land by master plan.


Change in Land Use or

creation of new land use


No 1 Negligible impact

Yes 5 Minor impact

5%

Natural

Resources

Damage to the natural resources has been related to the use of Site

preservation techniques, preservation of natural topography/

contour, stream crossings, use of salvaged materials or eco-friendly

products, conservation of energy/ fuel.


Management practices Rating Interpretation

Good practices of preservation techniques, drainage

pattern etc. as above

1 Negligible impact

No preservation of site drainage and topography or

use of eco-friendly materials

5 Severe impact

5%

Traffic

Management

Damage to the nearby road, due to use of heavy vehicle.

Increase in the PCU due to project.


Change of LOS due to project after completion

(level of service as defined by Indian Roads

Congress (IRC))


LOS A 1 Negligible impact

LOS B 2 Minor impact

LOS C 3 Average impact

LOS D 4 Heavy impact

LOS E 5 Severe impact

10%

Geological &

Hydrological

Changes

Ground Water abstraction was quantified, and extent of damage is

calculation based on below scale:

% of fresh water abstracted with

respect to daily water

requirement


<3% 1 Negligible impact No major impact on ground

water table. 3-5% 2 Minor impact

5-10% 3 Average impact Highly Decrease in ground

water level table, water

scarcity in the area. 11-20% 4 Heavy impact

21% + 5 Severe impact

5%


12

Quality of ground water especially TSS, TDS and pH pre and post

construction phase has been assessed. Any changes above 20%

maybe marked as severely damaging.

Local Issues,

Community

welfare &

Socio-

economic

scenario

To identify the impact on social, survey has been done in nearby places.

Employment given to local people (direct & indirect)

Finally, extent of damage is calculation based on below scale % of employment given to nearby

people


80-100% 1 Negligible impact

60-80% 2 Minor impact

40-60% 3 Average impact

20-40% 4 Heavy impact

<20% 5 Severe impact

5%

Environmental

Accidents

Environmental accidents may have happened at the time of construction.


Number of incidents/ near misses

recorded as on date


<3 1 Negligible impact

4- 10 2 Minor impact

11- 20 3 Average impact

21- 30 4 Heavy impact

31 + 5 Severe impact

5%

The conclusion has been determined by multiplying the individual rating with weightage.

The mean of individual weighted score is final score of Assessment A.

2.2 METHODOLOGY TO ASSESS DAMAGE DUE TO INTERACTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS

To identify the increase in Noise level, noise monitoring has been done on different

construction site for different activity of work to identify generation of noise.

To identify the impact on health of workers, monitoring of construction water

used has been done.

To identify the impact on soil, monitoring of soil quality of construction site has

been done.

To identify the impact on social, survey has been done in nearby places.

To identify the other impact, site inspection and checking of documents has been

done.

As per identified impact, damage matrix has been prepared.


13

Negative impact indicates increased pollution, discomfort and public

inconveniences whereas, Positive impact in terms of increased income due to

employment, or other ancillary activities. Also, benefits generated due to

activities undertaken under corporate social responsibility.

Criteria to be used to assess the impact due to construction for each aspect in the

matrix.

Score Rating

-4 Major

-3 Moderate

-2 Minor

-1 Negligible

0 None

1 Negligible

2 Minor

3 Moderate

4 Major

The mean of individual scoring on different environmental parameter has been interpreted with

the rating below:

Rating Score Range

1 <-5

2 -6 to -15

3 -16 to -30

4 -31 to -50

5 -51 and above

The mean of individual environmental parameter is final score of Assessment B.

2.3 METHODOLOGY TO ASSESS OVERALL DAMAGE DUE TO PROJECT To identify the overall damage due to the project on environment, addition of scoring of

assessment A & B has been done. The final score interpreted with given below

interpretation:


14

FINAL

SCORE

REMARKS CONCLUSION

<5 Negligible damage to

environment

Project did not cause much harm to the environment

through proper management and mitigation measures

5-6 Minor damage to

environment

Project may have affected immediate surroundings and

the environmental impacts may have dissipated post

construction of the project and insignificant

environmental damage during its operation phase

6-7 Moderate Damage Due to the installation and commissioning of the project,

there may have been minor discomfort in the nearby

area and may have some impact on major receptors

7-8 Significant Damage Due to the installation and commissioning of the project,

there may have been discomfort in the nearby area and

may have some impact and slight discomfort on major

receptors up to 1 km of the project site

8+ Severe Damage Due to the installation and commissioning of the project,

there may have been discomfort in the nearby area and

may have major impact, severe and high discomfort on

major receptors up to 2 km of the project site


15

3 DAMAGE ASSESSMENT (A)- COMPONENT WISE

Parameter Aspect Probable Impact

due to

construction

activity

Mitigation measure

adopted during

construction

Damage/Impact

Air

Environment

• Dust

emission will

lead to increase

in PM

• Generation

of C&D waste

• Vehicular

Emissions

including NOx &

SOx generation

• Increased PM

Level may cause

respiratory

problems to nearby

population

• Increased PM

level will result

deposition of dust

on leaves which

may cause

decrease in

transpiration rate

of plant species

• Increased dust

will decrease the

aesthetic look of

already

constructed

building

• Water sprinkling was

done at the site.

• Air curtains was used for

covering the under-

construction building

• Material required for

construction was stored

only within earmarked area

and road side storage of

construction material and

waste was prohibited.

• The C&D wastes

generated was kept covered

at site and was reused to the

extent possible and rest

unused Construction and

Demolition Waste was

handed over to contractor

as per the agreement for

S.no Pollutant

Incremental

value from

model at

key

receptor at

village i.e.

(µg/m3)

Baseline

value

taken

from

ambient

Air

report

of

nearby

project

for

(µg/m3)

%

contribution

(incremental/

baseline)

Rating

1

PM2.5

(construction

only)

0.55 67.3 0.81% 3

2

PM2.5

(construction

and traffic

cumulative)

0.9 67.3 1.33% 3


16

• Stagnation of

water,

Biodegradable

waste generation

shall result in odour

problem in the area

• Handling of

C&D waste can

cause generation of

dust which can

cause problem in

breathing to the

construction

workers and nearby

population.

Emission of

VOCs from paints &

other construction

material can cause

irritation in eyes,

nose and throat,

can cause difficulty

breathing and

nausea, and can

damage the central

nervous system as

final disposal. The

Contractor had sold the C&D

waste for ongoing

construction of roads &

highways in the nearby area.

(5000 trucks soil)

• Proper nose masks

were provided to the

workers who were engaged

in dust generating activities.

• Temporary Power

connection was taken at the

time of construction, DG Set

of 125 KVA was used during

power failure only.

• RMC (3100 trucks) was

used instead of batching

plant.

• 2 JCB, 1 crane, 3 loader

and 2 excavators were used

during the construction.

• Hutments was not

provided within the project

site.

3

PM10

(construction

only)

1.5 118.2 1.26% 3

4

PM10

(construction

and traffic

cumulative)

3.0 118.2 2.53% 4

5

NOx

(construction

only)

0.6 23.7 2.53%

4

6

NOx

(construction

and traffic

cumulative)

0.9 23.7 3.79%

4

7

SO2

(construction

only)

0.2 8.1 2.46%

4

8

SO2

(construction

and traffic

cumulative)

0.4 8.1 4.93%

5

Peak Rating: 5


17

well as other

organs.

• Gaseous

emission from

vehicles used for

transportation will

affect the

respiratory health

of staff and nearby

population

• Pollutants

emitted from stack

will increase the

Ground Level

Concentration of

pollutants which

will affect the

respiratory health

of people in nearby

area

• All construction

material was bought from

nearby areas only.

• Maintenance of vehicle

and machinery was done

by the contractor

• Maximum Impact was within the site due to construction and traffic

movement. The maximum GLC of PM10, PM2.5, NOx and SOx was 45.42

µg/m3, 11.1 µg/m3, 10.7 µg/m3, 5.1 µg/m3.

Water

Environment

• Site

preparation will

cause change of

natural contour

level will which

will result in

• Obstruction to

rainwater

percolation due to

increase in cement

work

• During monsoon season,

rain water was collected in

the tank and reused for

construction purpose, no

other measure was adopted.

• During monsoon season,

• No proper drainage was made at the time of construction.

• Change in natural contour level.

• Storm water recharge capacity decreased.

• There was marginal increase in TSS.


18

change of

drainage

pattern

• Water

requirement &

waste water

generation

• Water

contamination

• Oil &

chemical

spillage

• The storm

water recharge

capacity will be

decreased

• The excavation

will be done up to

level such that it

will not intersect

the ground water

level, hence it will

not impact the

ground water

quality.

• Use of water

for construction

purpose. This will

lead to waste water

generation.

• During the

construction

period, stagnation

of water & Run off

of water may lead

to breeding of

mosquitos & run off

collected water in the

excavated pit was pumped

out and disposed to the

nearby drain.

• The excavation was done

for one level of basement

only. There was no

intersection to ground water

level.

• STP treated water was

used for construction of

purpose, no ground or

surface water was taken.

• 15 KLD of water required

during construction work

was met through STP Tanker

Supply. For 100 labours, 5

KLD of domestic water was

sourced through the

tankers.

• 4 KLD of waste water

generated from the

construction site was

disposed of to septic tank via

soak pit. No damage to the

• No Damage to ground water quality and surface water quality. As the

water level in the area is very low and no surface body in the nearby area.

• No provision of recharging of ground water made at the time of

construction.

• No damage to ground water quality and surface water quality. As

the water level in the area is very low and no surface body in the

nearby area.

• No provision of recharging of ground water made at the time of

construction

• Use of fresh water for construction:

Construction workers domestic wastewater management

% Fresh

water used

Rating Remark

<0% 1

All the water was taken

from STP and tanker

supplies


19

can lead to soil

erosion.

• STP Treated

water shall be

arranged on

temporary basis

through tanker

water supply during

construction work.

Utilization of water

may impact the

water demand of

the vicinity and

improper disposal

of waste water

generated may

affect the quality of

nearby surface

water body &

ground water.

• Improper

disposal of waste

generated may

affect the quality of

ground water.

quality of ground water, as

water level in the area is

very low.

• No waste water

discharge to the surface or

ground water

• There is no water body or

surface water in the 500 m

radius, therefore no water

quality deteriorates.

• No environmental

accident happened.

• Proper place for storage

of diesel and used oil was

made at the time of

construction.

Management Practice Rating

Treated water in soak pit 3

Peaking Rating: 3


20

• Improper

disposal of waste

water generated

may affect the

quality of nearby

surface water body

& ground water

• Spillage of oil &

chemicals, if in any

case comes in

contact with water

body can

deteriorate the

ground water &

surface water body

which in turn may

affect the aquatic

life also.

• If dust emitted

gets deposited on

water body can

deteriorate the

water quality.

• For approx. 50

labours, 3 KLD of

water shall be


21

sourced through

the water tanks and

this will lead to

generation of

waste water.

Soil Quality • Clearance of

vegetation

• Removal of

soil, Top soil &

run off soil

• Oil spillage

• Soil

compaction &

run off soil

• Spillage of

used oil on

ground water

• Solid waste &

C&D Waste

generation

• As there is no

building and

distinct vegetation

at site except few

bushes, hence

there will be no loss

of vegetation.

Before making the

area hard paved,

only grasses and

bushes were

cleared.

• Permanently

depresses land

productivity,

destabilizes

landscapes,

increasing the

potential for wind

and water erosion.

• The project was

conceptualized with 3 level

basement & foundation

hence 37127 m3 of soil was

excavated for 3 level of

basements & foundation as

per Mining permission

granted by Department of

Mines & Geology, Gurgaon,

Haryana.

• The excavated soil was re-

used for backfilling, levelling

& other purposes to the


unused soil was handed over

to contractor as per the

agreement for final disposal.

The contractor had sold the

soil for ongoing construction

of roads & highways in the

nearby area.

• Total 37127 m3 of soil was excavated out of which 1146 m3 of top soil

Type of Soil Quantity

(m3)

% of soil

reused Use of Soil Rating

Top Soil 1146 0 %

Some of soil reused for

landscaping and rest was

handover to the contractor for

road construction

4

• Permanent depression to the land.

• Earlier land was agricultural land, which is now developed into the

commercial complex. The fertility of soil has been reduced due to

construction activity. Amount of primary nutrient like organic matter

0.20 %, the available nitrogen 65.2 mg/kg is lower in range, available

potassium 32.0 mg/kg is lower in range while the available

phosphorus 29.6 mg/kg is high in range. Primary nutrient profile

shows that soil is low in fertility due to the availability of low amount

of nitrogen and potassium. Nitrogen is the most important fertilizer

element. Plants respond quickly to application of nitrogen.


22

• Chemical

degradation of soil

would occur which

may leach into

vegetation and

ground water.

• Impact on soil

due disposal of

solid waste

includes the

leaching from

biodegradable

waste and effect on

flora from spillage

of waste on soil.

• Waste was collected by

private contractor and

disposed to the municipal

site.

• Project was

implemented by

experienced contractors, no

environmental accident

happened or noted at the

site

Waste

Management

• Daily activities

of labours

• Construction

activities

• Waste generated

may impact the

hygiene of the

labours and the

emission of

dust/gases if not

managed.

• Improper storage

and disposal of

biodegradable

waste will enhance

• For average 100 labours,

total 15 kg/ day of solid

waste was generated from

labours which was collected

and disposed off at

designated MSW dump site

by contractor.

• Colour coded dust bins

provided at the site for

daily use, which was

• Municipal waste was given to the private vendor not authorized for

final disposal.

• C&D waste was given to contractor for final disposal.

Management Practice Rating

Partial Management of Hazardous

waste, sewage waste etc. excluding

management of C&D waste without

proper storage and segregation and

no evidences

4


23

the risk of microbial

contamination,

population.

• Improper storage

and disposal of

MSW waste, will

enhance the risk of

disease occurrence

and cause foul

smell. It will attract

the vectors

• Improper

hazardous chemical

disposal if comes in

contact with

human body may

cause skin irritation

and could be

flammable also

sometimes.

• Improper

hazardous chemical

disposal if comes in

contact with

human body may

cause skin irritation

cleaned alternate day by

the contractor.

• Used oil whenever

generated from the DG set

of 125 KVA was given to DG

set service provider for

disposal of used oil.

• The C&D wastes

generated was kept covered

at site was reused to the


unused Construction and

Demolition Waste was

handed over to contractor

as per the agreement for

final disposal. The

Contractor had sold the C&D

waste for ongoing

construction of roads &

highways in the nearby area.

• Proper PEE was provided

to the labour to handle the

hazardous and other waste.


24

and could be

flammable also

sometimes.

• Empty bags of cement

were sold by contractor to

the recycler.

Noise

Environment

• Increase in

noise level

• Noise

generation by

machineries

• Honking &

Vehicular noise

generation

• There will be

impact on

excavator operator

like whole body

vibration and

auditory impact.

The noise level

generation due to

excavator will be

85-90 dB.

• Due to road

congestion people

will blow horn

which may lead to

problems like sleep

interference,

headache

• Loading and

unloading of C&D

waste may cause

annoyance to the

workers and

• All the construction

activities were carried out

during the daytime.

• 10 m high noise barriers

were installed at the

boundary.

• Provision of protective

devices like ear muff/plugs

to the workers was

provided.

• Acoustic enclosed DG set

of 125 KVA was used at the

time of construction.

• During construction, the Leq value of noise level during day time at the

site was approx. 73.9 dB (A) to 59.2 dB (A) which was above the

permissible noise level of commercial areas i.e. 65 dB (A) and residential

areas 55 dB(A).

Location from

source

Baseline

Noise

(dBA)

Increment

(dBA)

Rating

Near Source 59.6 58 5

Approx. 10m-

12

59.6 55 5

Approx. 20-

25m

59.6 38 4

Approx. 50-

55m

59.6 32 4

Peak 5

• In 500 m radius of project site, there were habitation at the time of

construction and under construction buildings.


25

peoples in the

immediate vicinity.

• Will cause

physiological and

psychological effect

like hearing

impairment, sleep

interference,

annoyance and

may cause increase

in heart beat and

blood pressure in

elderly peoples

within the area.

• Running of DG

sets will cause

vibration

generation in

immediate

surrounding of DG

set area

• Minute Damage to the workers working in the area. However, at the

key receptor there was no impact due to insertion loss.

Ecological

Environment

• Clearance of

vegetation

• Air emission,

dust emission

• Increased PM

Level will result

deposition of dust

on leaves which

may cause

• No major vegetation was

there on the site as the land

contained only few bushes &

grasses which was removed.

• Damage to the nearby flora, due to increase in the air pollution

• Displacement of native flora and fauna

Tree Density Rating


26

will lead to

increase in PM

• Increase in

noise level

• Removal of

soil, Top soil &

run off of soil

• Vehicular

emission

• Clearance of

vegetation

• Clearance of

site

decrease in

transpiration rate

of plant species

• Increased dust

emission can lead

to climate change

which eventually

will result in

decrease in

plant/tree cover

• Increased noise

will cause

disturbance of

existing avi- fauna,

however, avi-fauna

is not restricted to

one place for a long

time, thus it will not

result in their

displacement.

• Removal of top

soil will affect the

habitat of micro-

organism and

invertebrate

• To minimize the impact,

the provision of plantation

area of 1910.821 m2 area,

with lawns, ornamental

shrubs and trees shall be

provided.

• 100 no. of trees will also

be planted within the

complex after the

completion. (Compliance to

the 1 tree per 80 m2 area)

• Water sprinkling was

done to reduce the dust

generation.

• All the construction was

carried out at the day time

only

• Separate raw material

yard was provided. Cement

was separately stored under

cover in bales.

0 5

Severe damage to the ecological environment as no plantation

was done at the site to maintain the green cover in the area.


27

• Vehicular

emission like NOx

etc. can inhibit the

growth of plants

and pre-mature

leaves senescence.

Land

Use/Land

cover

• Clearance of

vegetation

• Change of land

use

• Clearance of

vegetation,

increase PM level

• Increase of

concrete area.

• No major impact on the

land use. Earlier land was

used for agricultural

purpose. Thereafter, as

per master plan of

Gurgaon 2025, land use

of the site is residential.

License has been granted

by DTCP to project

proponent for

development of group

housing.

• Land cover changed from

vacant land to concrete

area. However, 30% of

the area is marked for

green area.

Change in Land Use

or creation of new

land use


Yes 5 Minor Impact


28

Use of natural

resources

• Use of raw

material

• Use of Energy

• Use of Water

• Scarcity of natural

resources (like

water, diesel,

energy, raw

material)

• Fresh water of 10-15 KLD

for labour

• Temporary connection

was used for power and

during power cut DG set of

1 x 125 KVA was used

• Provision of Solar power

(1% of power generation)

• Compliance to the ECBC

• Consumption of raw material for construction purpose:

S. No. Key Material Unit Consumption

1 Cement (50 kg bag) Bags

25,330

2 Reinforcement MT

2,465.05

3 RMC m3

15,259

4 Water KL

23,222

5 Sand ft3

136,768

6 Aggregate ft3

20,882

7 Stone Cladding m2

6,753

8 Mild Steel MT

45.54

9 Wood work m3 13

10 Bricks Nos 1,957,270


29

• Decrease in natural resources.

Management practices Rating

No preservation of site drainage and

topography or use of eco-friendly

materials

5

Traffic

Management

• Congestion on

road

• Heavy vehicle

movement will lead

to congestion in

traffic and difficulty

in driving

• Due to increased

no. of cars and two-

wheelers on

approach road and

nearby roads, there

may be congestion

on roads and

discomfort in

driving.

• 3-4 trucks were used daily

only.

• As traffic level on the

approach road is

negligible, due to less

habitation.

• Separate entry/exit was

provided for

transportation of raw

material.

• Damage to the approach road due to heavy vehicle.

• Increase in the PUC

• As per the traffic survey conducted, the traffic level in nearby roads in

LOS A category (free flow). There were increase in 3-4 trucks only on

the nearby road, due to the project site.

Year Baseline

LOS

LOS after

completion

of project

Rating

2019 C C 3

2020 C C 3

2025 C C 3

2030 C D 4

Peak 3

Hydrology &

Geology

•Contamination

of Ground

water

• Disposal of

untreated waste

water may

deteriorate water

• Since the ground water

level is low, therefore no

impact on hydrology. No

• Excavation was done for 3 level of basement, 37127 m3 of soil was

excavated.

• Change in area geology.


30

• Habitat

quality of ground

water by increase

in the number of

pathogens, BOD,

COD, TSS etc. in

ground water and

thereby affecting

and making water

unfit for

consumption.

dewatering occurred at the

time of excavation.

• No extraction of ground

water.

• No impact on hydrogeology.

% of fresh water

abstracted with

respect to daily water

requirement

Rating

<3% 1

Quality of ground water assessed:

Pre-

construction

Post-

construction/

as on date

% change rating

pH 8.0 7.6 - -

TDS 270 834.5 2.1 1

Chlorides 31.9 167.9 4 3 2

Total

Hardness 176 256 0.45 1

Nitrate

Nitrogen - 15.26 14.3 4

Peak 4

Community

welfare /

Socio

Economic/

Local Issues

• Generation of

income

• Health issues due

to the increase in

PM level, noise

level

• The nearest habitat is Tikri

village. In 500m radius of

project site, there were no

habitation at the time of

construction, majorly vacant

Decrease in agricultural land.

No local issues were noted.

Generation of local employment.


31

• Congestion on

roads

• Land acquisition

land was there and under

construction buildings.

• Land was purchased and

no R&R

• The project site is well

connected with the

approach road, so there will

be no traffic congestion due

to the project.

• 15000 samplings were

provided in the nearby

nursery.

• Employment to the nearby

people

Total

manpower

required

(direct &

indirect)

Employment

given to local

people

% of

employment

increase.

(Employment

given to local

people/ total

manpower

required)

Rating

120 100 83% 1

Environmental

Accident

• Spillage of

Hazardous

material

•Contamination

to ground water

• Infrastructure

development in

nearby area.

• No accident noted during

the construction phase by

the project proponent.

No accident noted at the site.

Number of incidents/ near

misses recorded as on date

Rating

0 1


32

Summary of Damage Matrix (A):

Parameter Rating Weightage Weighted

score

Air Environment 5 20% 1

Water Environment 3 10% 0.3

Soil Quality 4 5% 0.25

Waste Management 4 5% 0.2

Noise Environment 5 15% 0

Ecological Environment 5 10% 0.5

Land Use/Land cover 5 5% 0.25

Use of Natural resources 5 5% 0.25

Traffic Management 3 10% 0.3

Hydrology & Geology 4 5% 0.05

Community welfare / Socio Economic/

local issues 1 5%

0.05

Environmental Accident 1 5% 0.05

Final Weighted Score 4.05

Final Score of Assessment A: 4.05


33

4 DAMAGE ASSESSMENT (B) – INTERACTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION PROCESS

STE

PS

WOR

K

ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS

EMISSIO

NS TO

AIR

RELEASES TO

WATER

WASTE

GENERATION LAND Degradation

USE OF

NATURAL

RESOURCES

AND RAW

MATERIALS

LOCAL ISSUES

TRA

NSP

OR

T IS

SUES

ENV

IRO

NM

ENTA

L A

CC

IDEN

TS

EFFE

CTS

ON

BIO

DIV

ERSI

TY

No

ise

Po

lluti

on

Soil

Qu

alit

y an

d M

anag

emen

t

Geo

logy

Hyd

rolo

gy

TOTA

L

% c

omp

leti

on

of

wor

k

PM

Gas

eou

s Em

issi

on

s

Fou

nd

atio

ns,

Ret

aini

ng

wal

ls

Cle

anin

g o

f mac

hin

ery,

to

ols

San

itar

y w

ater

C&

D w

aste

No

n-H

azar

do

us

was

te

Haz

ard

ou

s, E

-Was

te, B

atte

ry W

aste

Du

mpi

ng

of

mac

hin

ery

Co

ncr

ete

& s

urf

ace

clea

nin

g ag

ents

Du

mpi

ng

of

oth

er li

qui

d w

aste

Dra

inag

e &

to

pog

rap

hy

Wat

er

Ener

gy

Raw

Mat

eria

ls

No

ise

and

vib

rati

on

s

Od

ou

r

Du

st

Lan

dsc

ape

Alt

erat

ion

STEP

1

Land

occupat

ion

100 0

STEP

2

Remov

al of

vegetati

on or

old

building

s

100 -4 -2 -2 -3 -3 -3 -2 -1 -20


34

STEP

3

Excavat

ion

work

100 -3 -1 -1 - -3 -3 -2 -3 -2 -3 -3 -4 -2 -4 -34

STEP

4

Founda

tion 100 -2 -1 -3 -1 -3 0 -3 -2 -3 -3 -3 -24

STEP

5 Piling 100 0 0

STEP

6

RCC

Work 100 -2 -1 -4 -1 -3 -2 -3 0 -2 -2 -4 -4 -2 -30

STEP

7

Masona

ry Work 100 -2 -1 -3 -4 -3 0 -2 -2 -4 -2 -23

STEP

8 Roofs 100 -2 -1 -3 -3 -2 0 -2 -3 -2 -18

STEP

9

Timber

work

(Door

and

window

s)

60 -3 -3 -2 0 -2 -3 -4 -4 -3 -24

STEP

10

Piping

of water

&

sewage

100 -1 -1 -3 -2 0 -2 -2 -2 -13

STEP

11

Drainag

e

system

100 -1 -2 -2 -2 0 -3 -2 -2 -3 -1 -3 -21

STEP

12

Sewag

e

Treatm

ent

Plant

60 -2 -1 -3 3 -2 -4 -1 -3 3 4 -4 -4 -2 -2 -3 4 4 -2 4 3 -8


35

STEP

13

Rainwa

ter

Harvest

ing

100 -2 -2 -2 -4 -3 -3 -3 -3 -2 -2 -1 -1 -2 3 -27

STEP

14

Plantati

on 20 3 3 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 4 3 3 -2 2 2 3 3 4 4 3 3 4 3 3 -2 3 61

STEP

17

Plasteri

ng 50 -3 -3 0 -3 -2 -3 -1 -15

STEP

18

Bathroo

m fitting

&

Plumbi

ng work

0 -2 -1 -2 -2 -2 -2 0 -4 -2 -3 -1 -3 -24

STEP

19

Floorin

g 0 -3 -1 -1 -2 -2 -3 0 -3 -2 -3 -1 -3 -24

STEP

20

Paintin

g and

exterior

s

0 -4 -3 -3 0 -4 -2 -3 -3 -3 -2 -4 -1 -32

TOTA

L -30 -8 -18 0 4 -24 -16 -11 -31 7 -4 -12 -34 -26 -30 -9 -7 -5 4 -7 7 8 -26 -1 -8 1 -276


36

Summary Damage Matrix (B)

S. No. Environmental Component/Aspect Scoring (B) Classification

1 Air Environment/ Emissions to Air -19 3

2 Water Environment/ Releases to Water -5 1

3 Waste Management and Generation -17 3

4 Land Environment and contamination -10 2

5 Use of natural resources and raw materials -30 3

6 Local Issues -4 1

7 Transport Issues -7 2

8 Environmental Accidents 7 1

9 Effects on Ecology Biodiversity 8 1

10 Noise Pollution -26 3

11 Soil Quality and Management -1 1

12 Geology & Hydrology -4 1

AVERAGE SCORE 1.8

Final Score of Assessment B: 1.8


37

5 ASSESSMENT SUMMARY AND FINDINGS

5.1 FINAL DAMAGE ASSESSMENT SCORE (Rating A + Rating B) = 4.05 + 1.8 = 5.85 out of 10.

Interpretation: Minor damage to environment

5.2 CONCLUSION OF ASSESSMENT Damage has been assessed based on quantification of pollution load on environmental

components. Further, the impacts have been quantified and rated. The damage incurred

on overall environment has been computed to be 5.85 for which remediation plan and

augmentation plan are given in the next section. As per assessment, minor damage has

been done by construction of the project.

Project may have affected immediate surroundings and the environmental impacts may

have dissipated post construction of the project.


38

6 REMEDIATION PLAN AND COST

S.no

Environmental Component

Remediation Proposed Further Remarks Rate

Quantity Total Cost Year I Year II Year III

1 Air Environment

Distribution of Way purifier

Wayu Purifier ₹ 60,000.00 1 ₹ 60,000.00 ₹ 60,000.00

Maintenance of Wayu Purifier

Maintenance - 3 year @ 1500/month ₹ 1,500.00 36 ₹ 54,000.00 ₹ 18,000.00 ₹ 18,000.00 ₹ 18,000.00

Distribution of Sprinkler system

Sprinkler- 6 no. @ Rs. 1000/per pc ₹ 1,000.00 6 ₹ 6,000.00 ₹ 6,000.00

Twin Filtration system - @ Rs. 15000/pc ₹ 15,000.00 1 ₹ 15,000.00 ₹ 15,000.00

Pump -@ RS. 10000/pc ₹ 10,000.00 1 ₹ 10,000.00 ₹ 10,000.00

Water Distribution Pipeline - 500 m@ Rs 165/m ₹ 165.00 500 ₹ 82,500.00 ₹ 82,500.00

Plantation in Nearby area road

Plant -100 @ 1500 (including maintenance) ₹ 1,500.00 100 ₹ 1,50,000.00 ₹ 50,000.00 ₹ 50,000.00 ₹ 50,000.00

2 Water Environment

Rain Water Harvesting in nearby village

RWH-2 no (dia-3.2 & depth-4.0) @ 3,00,000/per RWH (including raw material, labour, profit, construction, pipeline)

₹ 3,00,000.00 2 ₹ 6,00,000.00 ₹ 2,00,000.00 ₹ 2,00,000.00 ₹ 2,00,000.00

Maintenance of RWH

RWH-2 no. before monsoon and after monsoon for 3 year @ 5000/ year/ RWH ₹ 5,000.00 6 ₹ 30,000.00 ₹ 10,000.00 ₹ 10,000.00 ₹ 10,000.00

Procurement RO Plant

RO plant -1 no. (1000 LPH) @ 2,00,000/per unit ₹ 2,00,000.00 1 ₹ 2,00,000.00 ₹ 66,666.67 ₹ 66,666.67 ₹ 66,666.67

Installation of RO plant

Installation Rs 5000/- per plant ₹ 5,000.00 1 ₹ 5,000.00 ₹ 1,666.67 ₹ 1,666.67 ₹ 1,666.67

Maintenance of RO Plant

RO Maintenance for 3 year @ 10,000/ year/ RO

₹ 10,000.00 3 ₹ 30,000.00 ₹ 10,000.00 ₹ 10,000.00 ₹ 10,000.00


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3 Land Environment

Land reclamation of nearby area

Approx. 2970 sqm equivalent to ground coverage of super structure creates @ trenching Rs 45.85/sqm; uprooting weed Rs 2.9/sqm; uprooting vegetation Rs 35.75/sqm; supply stacking of earth Rs 332.55/sqm; supply manure Rs 192.05/ sqm, grassing Rs 10.4/ sqm, Bed preparation Rs 130.25/ sqm, tree guard Rs 259/sqm, filing earth and sludge Rs 10.7/ sqm, anti-termite treatment Rs 47.6/tree, plant of 75 trees @ 1500/tree other charges - - ₹ 7,28,244.00 ₹ 7,28,244.00

4 Noise Environment

Distribution of PPE to labour Cost of 1,00,000 - - ₹ 1,00,000.00 ₹ 1,00,000.00

Awareness program in nearby area for Noise Cost of 50,000 - - ₹ 50,000.00 ₹ 25,000.00 ₹ 25,000.00

5 Ecological Environment

Plantation in nearby area

100 trees @ Rs. 1500/tree ₹ 1,500.00 100 ₹ 1,50,000.00 ₹ 75,000.00 ₹ 75,000.00

Conservation of Fauna I species

In consideration with DFO, donation on different activities to Forest department

- - ₹ 7,00,000.00 ₹ 7,00,000.00

Development of Park

In consideration with Panchayat, development of Panchayat Park. - - ₹ 0.00 ₹ 0.00

6 Waste Management

Providing Different Colour Coded Bins

50bin @ 2000 per/pcs

₹ 2,000.00 50 ₹ 1,00,000.00 ₹ 50,000.00 ₹ 50,000.00

Organic Waste Converter

₹ 15,00,000.00 1

₹ 15,00,000.00 ₹ 5,00,000.00 ₹ 5,00,000.00 ₹ 5,00,000.00

Total

₹ 45,70,744.00

₹ 18,54,833.33

₹ 11,06,333.33

₹ 16,09,577.33

Commercial Complex “Spaze Boulevard-II” at Village- Tikri, Sector-47, Gurgaon Haryana

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7 NATURAL RESOURCE & COMMUNTY RESOURCE AUGMENTATION PLAN & BUDGETARY PROVISION

S.no Component Activity Proposed Further Remarks Rate Quantity Total Cost Year I Year II Year III

1 Natural Augmentation

Drinking Facility

RO Plant 1 ₹ 2,00,000 1 ₹ 2,00,000.00 ₹ 66,666.67 ₹ 66,666.67 ₹ 66,666.67

Providing Solar Lighting in the village and School

1% of total power (19 KW) will be solar

₹ 1,00,000 19 ₹ 19,00,000.00 ₹ 0 ₹ 9,50,000.00 ₹ 9,50,000.00

2 Community Welfare

Construction of sanitation facilities

2 number of toilets will be provided ₹ 50,000 2 ₹ 1,00,000.00 ₹ 50,000.00 ₹ 50,000.00 ₹ 0

Medical Check-up camp in nearby area

Medical health check-up camp for labour

₹ 2,00,000 1 ₹ 2,00,000.00 ₹ 1,00,000.00 ₹ 1,00,000.00 ₹ 0

Training to the farmers on agriculture and Health

Training to the farmers on agriculture field

₹ 1,00,000 1 ₹ 1,00,000.00 ₹ 50,000.00 ₹ 50,000.00 ₹ 0

Providing Computers in the schools

5 computers @ 30,000 ₹ 30,000 5 ₹ 1,50,000.00 ₹ 75,000.00 ₹ 75,000.00 ₹ 0

TOTAL ₹ 26,50,000.00 ₹ 3,41,666.67 ₹ 12,91,666.67 ₹ 10,16,666.67

Commercial Complex “Spaze Boulevard-II” at Village- Tikri, Sector-47, Gurgaon Haryana

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8 COST SUMMARY Total cost to be spend for remediation of damage assessed during construction phase & Natural & Community Resource Augmentation Plan:

S.NO ITEM Total Cost. Year I Year II Year III

1. Cost on remediation plan based on damage

assessment due to violation ₹ 45,70,744.00 ₹ 18,54,833.33 ₹ 11,06,333.33 ₹ 16,09,577.33

2. Natural Resource Augmentation plan

& Community Resources Augmentation Plan ₹ 26,50,000.00 ₹ 3,41,666.67 ₹ 12,91,666.67 ₹ 10,16,666.67

Total ₹ 72,20,744.00 ₹ 21,96,500.00 ₹ 23,98,000.00 ₹ 26,26,244.00


PROJECT PROPONENT:


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ANNEXURE IV- Revised Test Results


PROJECT PROPONENT:


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ANNEXURE V- Proof of action initiated under the provisions of section

19 of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.