Spanish American War

Key for P.E.R.M.S

Political = PurpleEconomic = Emerald

Religion = RedMilitary = MustardSocial = Salmon

● Sensational and satirical media● Journalists Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer

made millions ● Felt that war with Cuba increases fame and riches● Exaggerated images of gruesome Cuban war

(execution and starvation)● Blames the Spanish for sinking of U.S.S Maine● Public outcry for war begins

Yellow Journalism

● Protecting American interests in Cuba during revolution● Sunk February 15th, 1898; ¾ of crew (260 men) killed● Blamed on the Spanish as an attack ● Real cause is unknown, possibly coal fire● Accelerated political impasse between Spain and U.S.

U.S.S Maine

❖ Spanish General❖ Reconcentration camps (300,000)❖ Mortality rate = 77%❖ Governor of Cuba

Valeriano Weyler (Butcher Weyler)

❖ Part of Cuban Freemasons❖ Raised awareness and support from U.S.A., Latin America,

and Spain ❖ Banished from Cuba twice (Spain)❖ “Apostle of Cuban Independence”

José Martí

- Attack if war declared-Battle of Manilla Bay

-May 1st, 1898-Americans = more advanced technology.

-400 Spanish killed/injured vs. a few Americans

Admiral George Dewey

- Filipino revolutionary1897:-Leader of fight for independence vs. Spain-Exiled to Hong Kong in return for amnesty

Emilio Aguinaldo

● African-American soldiers● “Fought like a cornered buffalo”● Participated in Battle of San Juan Hill● Saw action in Cuba

Buffalo Soldiers

● A thousand men, consisting of collegeathletes, cowboys, American Indians, and ranchers● Attacked San JuanHill on foot and by nightit was under their control

The Rough Riders

● American attack on a Spanish controlled garrison on top of San Juan Hill, Cuba● Poor conditions (hot weather, no food)● Minimal amount of American casualties● Approx. 540 Spanish casualties● Attack led by the current Lt.Colonel Roosevelt and the Rough Riders

The Battle of San Juan Hill - July 1st, 1898

● Presently a Colonel, Roosevelt led the Rough Riders at San Juan Hill● Received the Medal of Honor● This commendation helped him receive his vice presidency and later his presidency in 1901.

Theodore Roosevelt Jr. (1858-1919)

● Amendment of joint resolution passed in Congress by William H. Teller● Platt Amendment changed Cuban constitution, gave America control in government● Cuba becomes a protectorate● Foraker Act implemented in Puerto Rico

War in the Caribbean

-After Battle of Manilla Bay -Dewey brings Aguinaldo to Philippines

- Aguinaldo creates an army to oppose Spanish/ fight with Americans-Aguinaldo’s forces capture Manilla the capital city

- Dewey/Aguinaldo surround Spanish forces-Spanish surrender in Philippines - 8/14/1898

Surrender of Spanish in the Philippines

- George Dewey promoted to Admiral of the Navy - Philippines are claimed as U.S soil.-Aguinaldo and company revolt against this rule as well-Philippine Rebellion - Philippine vs American War - bloodier than Spanish American War

-Aguinaldo becomes first President of Philippines.

After the war...