SPAIN – FRENCH - PORTUGAL & ENGLISH COLONIES in America

East & West “CRUSADE WARS” sparks REBIRTH in New Ideas– Trade Goods ($$$)– Science (Old and NEW)

European Renaissance “Rebirth”– Economic, Religious, Intellectual &

Scientific Revolution Countries Go Exploring

– Portugal “Prince Henry the Navigator”

– Spain– France – England

Reasons for Exploration

–GGold, GGod & GGlory(Gold) Far East Trade Route (Spices)(Gold) Wealth, gold, silver, gems &

others precious metals(Gold) Claim New Lands

(colonies = Exclusive Trade)(God) Convert People to Christianity(Glory) Adventure / Fame / Recognition Explorers of the New World

( you must know who and what )

SPAIN – FRENCH - PORTUGAL ENGLISH COLONIES in America

UNIT 1 – American Beginnings Chapter 1 – Section 5

Transatlantic Encounters– Columbus Crosses

the Atlantic• First Encounters

– Taino

• Gold, Land & Religion• Spanish Footholds

– Impact on Native Americans

• Methods of Colonization• Resistance & Conquest• Disease Ravages the

Native Americans

– Slave Trade Begins• New Slave Labor Force• African Losses

– Impact on Europeans• Columbian Exchange• National Rivalries

– Treaty of Tordesillas

– New Society is Born

Chapter 2 – Section 1

Spain’s Empire in the Americas– Spanish Claim Empire

– Conquistadors

• Cortez Subdues Aztecs– New Spain

• Spanish Pattern of Conquest

– Mestizo

– Encomiendo

– Conquistadors Push North

• Exploring Florida– Juan Ponce de Leon

• Settling the Southwest– New Mexico

– Resistance to the Spanish

• Conflict in New Mexico

• Pope’s Rebellion– Pope

Chapter 2 – Section 2

English Settlement at Jametown

– English Settlers Struggle in North America

• Business of Colonization– Joint-Stock Companies

– Jamestown

• Disastrous Start– Powhatan

• Jamestown Begins to Flourish

• Brown Gold and Indentured Servants

– Headright System

– Indentured Servants

• First African Laborers

– Settlers Clash with Native Americans

• English Pattern of Conquest

• Settlers Battle Native Americans

– Royal Colony

– Differences Split Virginia

• Hostilities Develop• Bacon’s Rebellion

– Nathaniel Bacon

VIKINGS 985 - Eric the Red (Greenland) 1000 - Leif Ericson (Newfoundland)

PORTUGAL Prince Henry Bartholomeu Dias Vasco De Gama Pedro Cabral Ferdinand Magellan

SPAIN Christopher Columbus Vasco Nunez de Balboa Hernado Cortez Francisco Pizzaro Ponce de Leon Hernando de Soto Francisco Coronado Amerigo Vaspucci Treaty of Tordisillas

Sec. 1 Spain’s Empire in Americas

Conquistadors Cortez – Aztecs

– 600 + Nahua Allies– Tenochtilan (capital)– God Legend– Small Pox, Measles

• NEW SPAIN (Mexico City)

Mestizo Encomienda System

Southwest– NEW MEXICO– Santa Fe (Holy Faith)

Resistance to Mission System– Forced Tributes

Pope’ Rebellion– 17,000, 14 years

• 1588 Spanish Armada Defeat weakens Spain

Disease Threatens Economic Empire– Natives Die– West African Slaves

Factors leading to colonization in North America– National Rivalry– Religious Persecution– Economic Opportunity– Political Unrest

Columbian Exchange– Culture Shift / Changes– Population Shift

• Impact on African Society• Impact on European Society

Columbus Journal entry describes a

“dried leave that gives off a wonderful fragrance”