space station bishop cotton basngalore

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1Northdonning Heedwell

AynahJanuary 1st, 2077


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19th Annual Internatioal Space Settlement Design Competition

Proposing Team Data 2012

Name of responsible teacher/advisor: Mrs. Indu ShintoSchool (or other Group Name): Bishop Cotton Boys School

School Address: #1, St. Marks Road

School City, State, ZIP or Postal Code: Bangalore Karnataka 560038

Country: India

Daytime Telephone at School:

Message Telephone:

Fax Number:

e-mail address: [email protected]

Last day of school before Summer 2012: 30th March

Contact information for responsible teacher/advisor when school is not in session:

Name if different from above: Mrs. Geetha Krishnan

Address: 23/24, Yash Enclave,

Address (2nd line): Phase - I, Hennur

City, State, ZIP or Postal Code: Bangalore Karnataka 560038

Country: India

Telephone (also evenings / weekends):


Name of alternate contact person (may be a student): Akshay BN

Telephone eve weekend: 91-080-25287355 91-9845095688 91-9916463651


Names, [grade levels], and (ages) of 12 students currently expecting to attend the Finalist Competition:

(we request that participants be at least 15 years old, and not older than 19)

Akhil Relekar [11] (17) Kunal V [11] (16)

Akshay BN [11] (17) M Amran Nagal [11] (16)

Ankur Biswas [11] (17) Nikhil Asrani [11] (16)

Arihant P Kochar [11] (16) Nitish Mankani [11] (16)

Felix Samuel [11] (16) Shiva Deviah [11] (16)

Kartik V [11] (16) Yusu Rafique [11] (16)

Names of two adult advisors currently expecting to attend the Finalist Competition:

Mrs. Indu Shinto Mrs. Geetha Krishnan

I understand that if our Team qualifies for the International Space Settlement Design Finalist Competition July 27 -30, we will be expected to finance our own travel to/from Nassau Bay, Texas, USA.

Responsible Teacher/Advisor Signature Date : 28-3-2012

Proposing Team Data

Signature o responsibleteacher -


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Northdonning Heedwell

AynahJanuary 1st, 2077N

H

Tableo

fContents

Contents Page no.

Executive Summary 1

Structural Design 2

Operations and Infrastructure 11

Human Factors 21

Automation Design and Services 28

Schedule and Cost 36

Business Development 39

Appendices 41

Table of Contents


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1

Exectut

iveSummary

This proposal is prepared by Northdonning Heedwell and is being submitted to the Foundation Soci-

ety in response to their RFP dated 1st Jan. 2077. The overall objective of the RFP is to design, de-

velop and implement a space settlement in the orbit of Mercury. Foundation Society has named this

settlement Aynah in honour of Ayn Rand an author who described the properties of Reardonium,

a miracle metal, in her novel Atlas Shrugged. Mining the surface of Mercury for Reardonium, rening

the Reardonium ore, manufacturing Reardonium parts using rened Reardonium and related activi-

ties constitute the core occupation of Aynah. Based on this capability, the Foundation society intends

to transform Aynah into a protable business venture. Northdonning Heedwell has fully understood

this intent of the Foundation society and has prepared this proposal to fulll the intent in its entirety.

Northdonning Heedwell proposes to build and deploy Aynah and commits to complete the entire

project within a span of sixteen years.

The salient features of Aynah provisioned in its design by Northdonning Heedwell are enumerated

as follows:

1. The structure of Aynah is designed in-line with natural solar bodies with acceptable modica-

tions to meet the specic requirements of the proposed settlement. The basic structure would be thatof a torus.

2. Aynah has been divided into three zones: the Residential Torus, the Agro Torus, and the

Industrial Cylinder. This would alleviate all expected impacts of one on the other.

3. Orbital altitude, rotational rate, day/night cycles and values/means for articial gravity are

considered vital for the stability of Aynah and hence are arrived at based on sound scientic calcula-

tions.

4. The Residential Torus accommodates four separable habitable volumes so that evacuation

of residents from one to the other is possible under all conditions of emergencies.

5. The construction of Aynah will begin using the parts produced by the existing manufacturing

facility on the Mercury. The Industrial Cylinder will be built and made operational to begin with so that

the parts for the construction of the Residential and Agro tori can be produced on-board Aynah. This

construction sequence would bring down the cost of construction signicantly.6. Aynah shall provide earth-like facilities to its residents in terms of climate, water, food, power,

waste management, communication mechanisms and internal transportation facilities.

7. Community requirements over the basic requirements indicated above that include housing,

parks, and recreational facilities, medical facilities, and 1g requirements for children among others,

shall be provided for the residents of Aynah.

8. Human requirements over and above the basic community requirements, indicated above,

which would enhance productivity at work place and house hold conveniences on the residential

view point are proposed to get addressed during the construction of Aynah. Such requirements shall

include automated systems for routine tasks (at work place and also at residential), use of computing

resources, use of robotic uses for personalized tasks (of course repetitive), data security and authen-

tication.

Hence, Northdonning Heedwell has proposed a practical, feasible design to construct Aynah using

state-of-the-art technology and make it operational. Further, Northdonning Heedwell has also pre-

sented business perspective of Aynah in terms of strategies to be employed in sequence so that the

Foundation Society shall be in a position to start business, generate revenue and eventually gener-

ate prot and more importantly, sustain their desired line of business with adequate diversications

for long stretch of time.

In view of the above and the assured sincere attempts to fulll all commitments made in the proposal,

Northdonning Heedwell, herewith, express their keen interest in working for Foundation Society on

this prestigious earth-shaking project of building Aynah. With this, Northdonning Heedwell expects

an award of the project in their favor by the Foundation Society.

1.0 Executive Summary


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Structu

ralDesign

Structu

ralDesign

2.0 Provisions for natural views of Mercury from AynahAynah has a Hanging Garden- an observatory where residents can enjoy natural views of Mercury in

a low-gravity environment for a short amount of time. As the settlement revolves in its polar orbit, the

observatory, which is tted on a movable ring, is always orientated to face Mercury. The observatory

can accommodate a maximum of 150 people at a time.The close-up view of the observatory is shown

in Fig 2.0.1, and a pictorial representation of the Hanging Gardens in the observatory is shown in Fig2.0.2.

Observatory

Fig 2.0.1 Close up o the Observatory Fig 2.0.2 Te Hanging Gardens o Aynah

2.1.1 Aynahs exterior designThe exterior view of Aynah with its major visible features is depicted in Table 2.1.1.1.

Table 2.1.1.1Location and Utility of major volumes of Aynah

Component Location Usage

Residential Torus(T1)

Surrounds the Agro Torus and CentralCylinder, and lies in same plane as the Agro

Torus

-Main residential sector of Aynah-Contains space for further expansion of population in

Aynah

Agro Torus (T2) Lies between the Residential Torus (in thesame plane) and the Central Cylinder, sur-

rounding it

-Only used for agriculture of food and cash crops-Processing and packaging of goods takes place here

-Agro-based Industries are also present here

Solaris Shield It is located at the top of the settlement. It isattached at its centre to the topside of the

Central Cylinder

-Protects the settlement from all solar radiation-Contains 1 layer GaAs solar panels and 3 layers of

Graphene for harnessing solar energy

Industrial Cylinder Surrounds the Central Cylinder, lying aboveT1 and T2, and beneath the Solaris Shield

-Consists of the industries of Aynah-Main industries here are Reardonium manufacturing

plants of area 100,000 sq.ft and 60ft ceiling height

1g Zone It is a 100m expansion on the outer surfaceof the residential torus.

Used to provide children and elders with 1g

Residential Dock Just below the junction of the Agro toruswith the Central Cylinder

-Dock for the purpose of transport of residents of Aynah

Industrial Dock Located above the Industrial Cylinder, onthe Central Cylinder

-Main dock for Reardonium transport-Contains 4 zones for incoming and outgoing shuttles

Solaris energystorage

Just below the Solaris Shield -Using for storing and distributing solar energy gener-ated from Solaris shield (for further details, refer to

sections 3.2 and 3.4)

Thruster Zone Lowermost part of the Central Cylinder Positioning and movement of Aynah (with the help ofgyroscopes present in the Central Cylinder)

Observatory Located in the lower region of the CentralCylinder

-Provides residents with natural views of Mercury-Also present here are the hanging gardens


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Central Cylinder

Located at the centre of Aynah, connectingall other volumes of the settlement

-Forms the hull of Aynah-Contains the Control Canter, Thrusters, docking station,

and Observatory

-Remaining space is used for storing robots, fuel, etc.Aynahs Control

CentreLocated at the centre of the Central

CylinderControls and regulates all major functions in Aynah,

especially during emergencies

2.1.2 Exterior views o Aynah with its major visible eatures are shown in Fig 2.1.2.1, 2, 3, 4, and 5.

Fig 2.1.2.1 Overall view o Aynah

Fig 2.1.2.2 Close up view o AynahFig 2.1.2.3 Industrial Docking

System o Aynah

Fig 2.1.2.4 View o Aynah rom beneath


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Fig 2.1.2.5 Various uses o the Central Cylinder

Rotating Pressurized

1 Residential Torus

2 Agro Torus

3 Solaris Shield

4 Industrial Cylinder

5 1g Zone

6 Dock

7 Energy Storage

8 Thruster Zone

9 Observatory

10 Central Cylinder

2.1.2.1 Te rotating zones in Aynah where

artificial gravity will be supplied, along withthe pressurized zones within the settlement areshown in able 2.1.2.1.1.

2.1.2.2 Structural interface between rotating and non-rotating sections of AynahThere are two methods which can be used for implementing structural interface between rotating and

non-rotating structures: ball bearings and electromagnetic suspension. A trade study between these

two sections is shown in Table 2.1.2.2.1.

Table 2.1.2.2.1 Trade study between Ball Bearings and Electromagnetic Suspension Technology

Ball Bearings Electromagnetic Suspension

Description andworking

Ball bearings made of Reardoniumwill be used as the structural interface.

Ammonium lubrication liquids willinitially be used for lubrication, but

Reardonium being self-lubricating, thebearings need not be lubricated again.The main server at Aynah will maintain

lubrication. There will be a storagearea within the rotation zone (or

structural interface zone) containinglubricating liquids in the event of an

emergency).

The structural interface consists of a powerful electromagneticrail surrounding the Central Cylinder in the form of a ring.

Perpendicular to the rail are 8 electromagnetic wheels connectedto springs, which are in turn connected to the inner wall of the

structural interface (the ring covering the Central Cylinder at therotation zone).

When power is supplied from the solar panels to the electro-magnets, they repel each other. Thus the structural interface ismagnetically suspended. When the rotating structures begin to

rotate, they will experience no friction.In the event of a power failure, the springs will come back to theirinitial position and the wheels will move over the steel rails, thus

allowing the interface to rotate until power is reinstated.

Advantages -It is inexpensive-Does not require any power to func-

tion

-Provides frictionless movement in the rotation zone-Functioning is not affected by extremes in temperature and

pressure

Disadvantages On exposure to extremes in tempera-ture, the ball bearings may expand

or contract and go out of space, thus

affecting rotation rate and/or the rota-tion zone

-Requires power to function

Fig

2.1.2.2.1When

there is

power

Fig 2.1.2.2.2When there

is no power


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Structu

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Disadvantages On exposure to extremes in tempera-ture, the ball bearings may expand

or contract and go out of space, thusaffecting rotation rate and/or the rota-

tion zone

-Requires power to function

Pictorial repre-sentation

Fig 2.1.2.2.1 Ball bearings used as the

structural interface Fig 2.1.2.2.2 Electromagnetic Suspension technology used asthe structural interface (3 spring-electromagnets shown out of 8)

Ball Bearings

Electromagnetic Rail

Magnetic Wheel

Spring

Conclusion: Electromagnetic Suspension Technology will be used as the structural interface for

rotating T1, T2, and the Industrial Cylinder.

2.1.3 Dimensions o various components o Aynah is given in able 2.1.3.1.

Table 2.1.3.1 Dimensions of various components of Aynah

Rotating Non-rotating

Residential Agricultural Industrial Central Zone Dock

1.Shape Torus Torus Cylinder Cylinder Cylindrical

2.Major radius (m) 754 394 450 (length) 650 (as height) 50+Air-lock

3.Minor radius (m) 100 60 60 (height) 45 (as cross section

radius)

-

4.Vertical clearance (m) Variable Variable (around 35m) Variable (around35m)

- -

5.Downsurface

area (m2)

9,47,627.2 (x no. ofoors)

2,97,107.52 10,18,008(Multi-ceiling)

- -

6.Volume 1.48682768E8 2.796971328E7 - - -

7.Surface Area (m2) 2973655.36 1409749.29 -

8.RPM 0.95 0.95 1 - -

9.Articial Gravity (g) 0.7-0.8g 0.3-0.5g Variable (0-0.5g) - -

The articial gravity produced is dependent on two factors - rotation rate, and dimension of the torus. The

rationale for selected rotation rates and articial gravity magnitude(s) is given in Table 2.1.3.2.

Table 2.1.3.2 Rationale behind selected rotation rate and articial gravity magnitude(s)

Structure Artifcial Gravity Magnitude(s) Reason

Residential torus 0.95 0.7-0.8gNote: There is are two 1g zones inthe Residential Torus where children are sub-

jected to a 1g environment for a short amountof time daily (specied in section 4.5)

A constant magnitude of around 0.8g ispreferred for adults

The 1g zone is favourable for healthy boneand muscle development in children

Agricultural Torus 0.95 0.3-0.5g The gravity variation enables growth of awide variety of crops

Industrial Cylinder 1 Variable (0-0.5g) A variable gravity is favourable for variousindustrial processes, especially the pro-cessing and manufacture of Reardonium


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2.1.4 Isolation of the settlement into habitable volumes

T1, T2, and the Industrial Cylinder consist of 4 sectors, each being independent of each other. In

the event of any emergency such as depressurization, the compromised sector is cordoned off.

Aynah will use retractable walls for isolation of the settlement into habitable volumes.

Retractable walls

Description andworking

Retractable walls, made up of high quality Reardonium and Aluminium will emerge from the ceiling in theevent of an emergency, sealing and isolating the compromised sector, following which, specialised robotsbuilt to handle such situations spring into action and bring the situation under control. After the danger is

over, the retractable walls retract into the ceiling. The population in the sector is evacuated prior to such aprocedure.

Advantages 1] Quick and efcient functioning;

2] The emergency is concentrated only to a certain segment(s) thus not affecting the rest of the torus/cylin-der, or the settlement as a whole

Pictorial repre-sentation

Fig 2.1.4.1(b)Retractable

walls when not

in use

Fig 2.1.4.1(a)Retractable

walls in use

2.1.4.1 Evacuation

During an emergency, isolation of the sector, the

residents must be evacuated. To carry this out

quickly and efciently, Aynah has been provided

with EVAC pods. These pods are kept in the

inter-sector pod stations, to be used only during

an emergency. These pods are designed to holda large number of people, are capable of high

speeds and are ideal for quickly carrying out a

large-scale evacuation.

Fig 2.1.4.1.1 EVAC multicapsule

50m

10m

2.2.1 Layout of the settlement

2.2.1.1 Cross-sections of various zones of Aynah

Fig 2.2.1.1.1 Cross-section o theResidential orus showing 1gexpansion zone


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Fig 2.2.1.1.3 Cross section othe Industrial Cylinder

Fig 2.2.1.1.2 Cross-section o the Agroorus

2.2.2 Orientation o down suracesTe orientation o down suraces inAynah is given in Fig 2.2.2.1.

Fig 2.2.2.1 Orientation o down suraces

2.2.1.2 Percentage allocation of down surfaces

Percentage allocation o down suraces or the Residential orus, Agro is shown below.

Crop Percentage

Rice 32%

Wheat 8%Lentils

Potatoes 23%

Beans

omato

Carrot

Onion

Spinachand Lettuce

Corn 8%

Oats

Spices andHerbs

4%

Apples 15%

Melons

Grapes

Banana

Sugarcane

Lemon

Structu

ralDesign

able 2.2.1.2.1 Percentage allocationo the Residential orus down surace

Utility PercentageResidential area 601583 sq. m (61.17%)

Parks 115500 sq. m (12.18%)

Road and pathways 38880 sq. m (4.01%)

Administrative offices 28495 sq. m (3%)

Hotels 28495 sq. m (3%)

Artificial water bodies 19250 sq. m (2%)

Commercial and social complexes 14437.5 sq. m (1.5%)

Health clubs/gyms 14437.5 sq. m (1.5%)

Stadiums and sports complexes 9625 sq. m (1%)Water tanks 9625 sq. m (1%)

Depot areas 9625 sq. m (1%)

Worship/holy areas 4812.5 sq. m (0.5 %)

Security services 4812.5 sq. m (0.5%)

Power control 4812.5 sq. m (0.5%)

Expansion area 86625 sq. m (7.14%)

able 2.2.1.2.2 Percentage allocationo the Agro orus down surace


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Percentage allocation o down suraces or the Industries is shown in able 2.2.1.2.2.

Table 2.2.1.2.3 Percent-

age allocation of the

Industrial Cylinder down

surfaceIndustry %

Reardonium Renery 22%

Robot Repair Unit (RRU) 15%

Food Packaging 13%

Food Processing

Rubber 05%

Plastics and Explosives

Consumables (Non Elec-

tronic)

09%

Consumables (Electronic)Textile 07%

Paper Manufacture 08%

Recycling Plants 12%

Medicines and Chemicals 03%

Area for Expansion 06%

Fig 2.2.1.2.2 Pie chart showing distribution o industries

in the Industrial Sector o Aynah

Structu

ralDesign

2.3.1 Assembly of AynahTe construction o Aynah will take place in 6 phases, overa period o 16 years. Phase 1 and phase 2 will be executedusing Reardonium components 40fx20f in dimensions,however rom phase 3 onwards, construction will be doneusing Reardonium components 100fx40f in dimensions.

Intermediate

Phase 1: Construction o the Solaris Shield

Completed

Phase 3: Construction o Industrial

Cylinder, ollowed by setting up oindustries

Phase 2: Construction o the Central Cylinder,thrusters, and Industrial Dock, ollowed by attachmento the Solaris Shield to the Cylinder at the top

Phase 4: Agro orus construction; construction ospokes or the Residential orus

Phase 5: Residential orus, ResidentialDock and Observatory construction


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2.3.2 Initiation of Artificial GravityArticial gravity for the Industrial Cylinder will be supplied after the completion of phase 3, while

articial gravity for the Residential and Agro tori will be supplied after phase 5 has been completed.

A series of electric motors powered by solar energy will be placed in the rotation zones of the

rotating structures (T1 and T2, and the Industrial Cylinder) and will be collectively used to initiate

rotation of the rotating structures to the required RPM (0.95 RPM for T1 and T2, and 1 RPM for the

Industrial Cylinder). Due to the vacuum of space and lack of atmosphere around Mercury, oncerotation has been initiated, it will continue to rotate since there is no opposing force to the rotation.

In the event of a collision of the rotating structures with any space debris, the angular momen-

tum will decrease. Therefore, special Angular Momentum and Velocity (AMV) sensors will be in-

stalled in the rotating zones, which will send a signal to the Control Center in the event of such an

emergency. The Control Center will then activate the electric motors in the rotation zones, increas-

ing the RPM and bringing the situation under control.

2.3.3 Techniques for Interior ConstructionConstruction of interior structures will take place using a special method: compression of Mercurian

dust into bricks using high intensity compressive devices. The construction panels for the settle-

ment (glass panels, bricks, solar panel layers) will be gelled in a specially designed construction

factory located at the Industrial Cylinder of Aynah.Interior robots will transfer material on spot and

x the construction panel in the skeletal structure prepared during construction (readymade moduleconstruction).Ready-made oors, roofs and walls will be transported to the settlement exterior and

quickly assembled. The walls & oors will contain ready-made plumbing and wiring which will be

connected to the main pipes and circuits during assembly. The construction robots will assemble

everything, thus enabling fast and efcient construction. They produce less waste and are energy

efcient. Fig.2.3.3.1 shows the factory located at the industrial zone.

2.4 Manufacture of ReardoniumThe industrial zone comprises of Reardonium industries of area 100,000sq.ft and 60ft ceiling height.

It provides variation in gravity from 0g to 0.5g and variations in pressure from 0 psi to 20 psi.

Phase Duration

1 1 year 6 months

2 3 years

3 2 years 6 months

4 3 years5 4 years

6 2 years

Total time taken for construc-tion: 16 years

Fig 2.4.1 Te Industrial Cylinder

With the wide range of conditions that the industrial zone of Aynah provides are favourable to create

a wide range of desirable properties from Reardonium.2.5 Protection from intense solar radiation

Due to the intense solar radiation near Mercury, measures have been taken to ensure that the

residents of Aynah do not experience any temperature extremes. The settlement will be completely

surrounded by a 20-inch layer of water, contained within the walls of the settlement. Since water has

a high specic heat capacity, it can absorb large amounts of heat without much rise in temperature.

This provides additional protection against natural hazards such as solar ares. Using two walls of

Reardonium also provides additional protection from space debris.

Phase 6Installation of life support systems, pressurization of

volumes, and sealing of hull components


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Table 2.5.1 Natural Hazards

Name Problems they cause Control measures

Solarares

-Rapid change in surface temperaturethereby putting stress on the hull compo-nents causing rapid thermal expansion

and contraction

-May also cause extreme changes incabin temperature and pressure

1. By the use of Expansion/Control joint: It is a structuredesigned to account for thermal expansion and contraction.Functions: A. It accounts for thermal expansion and contrac-

tion in extreme temperature ranges,B. It binds the individual hull panels together.2. By the use of two walls separated by a 20-inch gap (thisgap is flled with water) to reduce temperature extremeswithin Aynah (explained under 2.5.1).

Spacedebris

-Bombardment of settlement by spacedebris like micrometeoroids and spacejunk can cause extreme damage to thespace ship

By the use of a two walls which provides additionalstrength to the structure (explained under 2.5.1).

2.5.1 Structural provisionsThe hull of the settlement will consist of two walls: an inner wall and an outer wall. The inner wall

consists of one layer of Reardonium while the outer wall has two layers. These walls will be sepa-

rated by a gap 20 inches wide. Within this gap, water will be lled. Since the outer wall is directly

exposed to the heat, it will comprise of two Reardonium layers, having control joints at the junctions

of Reardonium panels. Both layers will have control joints. The inner wall will not have any control

joints. To counter the problem of leakage in the event of a puncture, the water will be contained

in vacuumized compartments, where each compartment is 50m wide and separated by 2m thick

wall of Reardonium. A section of the hull of the settlement showing the inner and outer wall, the

compartment walls, and the expansion joints in the outer wall is shown in Fig 2.5.1.2.

Fig 2.5.1.1 Cross section o the hull o the settlement

Water will be extracted from

the poles of Mercury with

the help of mining bots,which will then be trans-

ported to the settlement.

There will be an opening for

each compartment through

which water is sent in. After

lling up the compartment,

the opening is sealed.

2.5.3 Preventing evaporationIf the water contained within the compartment evaporated, it would tend to exert a great amount of

pressure on the walls, thus causing them to crack and weaken. To prevent this, the outer wall has

been reinforced with two layers of Reardonium. Thus, the amount of heat reaching the water will not

be sufcient to raise its temperature enough to cause evaporation

2.5.2 Filling in the water

The seal can be broken in the event of an

emergency such as a water shortage, or

accidental leakage of water (where the

compartment will need to be lled in once

again). Once the compartment has been

relled, the opening can be resealed.

Raw Reardonium ore

Concentration o the ore

Ore Reduction

Purification

Curing (between

700K and -180K)

Manuacture and Processing (in Central Cylinder)

Processed Reardoniumready or use

Fig 2.4.3 Flo-chart showing the different processes involved in the refining o Reardonium


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ationsand

Infrastru

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3.0 Operations and Infrastructure

To make life possible and sustainable on Aynah, Operations and infrastructure play a very important

role. The infrastructure is developed by efcient robots which are capable of constructing a huge set -

tlement around Mercury. What is a settlement without any life? For that, operations provide the basic

requirements to make life sustainable on Aynah. Aynah is provided with the perfect atmospheric and

weather conditions, day and night cycles, varieties of food items, excellent waste and water manage-ment systems, communication systems, transport systems and the orbital location.

3.1.1 Orbital location

Aynah would be located on the Sun facing Mercury polar orbit (Polar Orbits are 90 degree inclina-

tion orbits useful for space crafts to carry out mapping and surveillance operations around Mercury).

Planet Mercury rotates below its polar orbit, enabling Aynah to have low-altitude access to virtually

every point on Mercurys surface. The polar orbit gives complete coverage of Mercurys surface to

Aynah.

Orbital Altitude(at Mercury North

Polar Orbit).

Feature Reason

7500-15000km The eccentricity (deviation of anorbit from a circle) and inclinationat this location (in the Mercury Po-lar Orbit) is optimized for the studyof planet, acceptable re-radiatedheat from mercury surface. Theregion in this range of orbit doesnot have that much debris Aynahwould also be protected fromSolar Winds.

Aynah would be in this orbitalaltitude as at this point the settle-ment will be stable and not fall offorbit and this location also ts therequirements, that is; Aynah wouldbe orbiting Mercury for raw materi-als (Manufacture of Reardonium).Solar energy is available in idealquantity (neither in excess nor inshortage).

able 3.1: Orbital altitude Location & Justification

Figure 3.1: Orbital location o Aynah3.1.2 Construction materials:-

Material Use Source(s) Quantity

Reardonium Robots, Exterior of Structure Mercury Variable

Water Lining of exterior structure Mercury Variable

Fused Silica Glass Mercury 10289.65 tonne


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Hydrogen (Gas) Glass Mercury 1876201 tonne

Graphene Solar Panel Mercury 9426000 m2

Gallium Arsenide Solar Panel Mercury 3142000 m2

Calcium Silicate

Bricks

Building Material Mercury/Astoria 70175 tonne

Kevlar Reinforcement inconstruction

Bellevistat 33.6 tonne

3.2 Basic Infrastructure required for residen3.2.1 Atmospheric conditions on AynahAir composition:-

Gas Percentage by volume Source

Nitrogen 78.084 On-board from urine using Vapour-PhaseCatalytic AmmoniareductionSystem

Oxygen 20.9476 Agricultural torusArgon 0.934 Mercury

Carbon dioxide 0.0314 Human Respiration from residential torus

Others 0.836 Various

able 3.3: Required Air Composition

Pressure: 0.91 atm (Residential torus) and 0.81 atm (Agricultural torus)

Climate specifications

Season Temperature (Celsius) Humidity

Spring(Feb-May) 22 to 24 35% to 39%

Summer(June-Aug) 25 to 28 43% to 44%

Autumn(Sept-Oct) 23 to 25 43% to 45%

Winter(Nov-Jan) 20 to 22 36% to 41%

able 3.4: Earth-like seasons anticipated on Aynah

Weather Control

Factor Regulation

Humidity It is monitored by sensors and regulated to suit different seasons.

Atmosphere The air is puried by using HEPA (High-Efciency Particulate Air)lters. HEPAair lter removes 99.97% of all particles greater than 0.3 microns from the air that

passes through.Temperature It is regulated using an intricate system of heaters and coolers drawing energy

from a solar plant. Residents are given an option to customize the temperature intheir houses by using a Climate Control system.

Breezes It is created by maintaining a pressure difference between 2 points (which are at ashort interval) in the settlement.

Rain An array of sprinklers is present at regular intervals to create articial rainfall. Hid-den ducts will drain the water.

able 3.5: Weather control strategies

OperationsandInfrastru

cture

Table 3.2: Construction Materials with their sources and quantiy


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3.2.2 Food requirements:-

Activity Technology/Strategy

Growing Aeroponicsand Hydroponicsfarming techniques will be used to grow crops in theAgricultural torus. An automated timer would spray a nutrient solution to the rootsat regular intervals. The plants are illuminated with red and blue LED lights which is

ideal for their growth.Harvesting Agrobotswill slice and harvest the crops. The cubicles are re-seeded soon after har-

vesting by the same Agrobots. These Agrobots are fed with knowledge of every cropgrowing in Aynah and they analyse the situation and the current status of the cropsand decide whether to harvest or not. After harvesting, the crops are sent to the pro-cessing unit where the crops are processed in these areas into usable food products.

Storing Food products after processing are stored at low temperatures in the depot area ofeach sector where they are refrigerated to prevent bacterial growth.

Packaging The food products in Aynah are packed using Modied Atmosphere Packaging(MAP)technique which is used to increase the shelf-life of fresh or minimally pro-cessed food. These are coated with chitosanwhich acts as an antimicrobial lmwhich helps to prevent the food from bacterial attacks.

Deliveringand Selling

The groceries are delivered from each depot area to markets/utility areas in eachhousing blocks by means of pods. These groceries are sold in these markets.

able 3.6: Food production stages

Meat:-Two types of meats will be provided tothe Residents:-1) Meat Analogues would beproduced from plant proteins.2) In Vitro Meatwould be made from animal muscle cells

Dairy Products:- Dairy Analogues will be producedto provide the residents with dairy products. Theyare composed of processed rice, soy, almond,cashew, gluten, nutritional, yeast that are madeto taste like milk, cheese, yoghurt, mayonnaise,cream, cheese, butter and other dairy products

able 3.7: Meat and Dairy productsSome genetically modied crop plants and owers will also be grown in the Residential Sector to provide

a better environment, to add to the aesthetic value and for Air Composition Maintenance.*An average of 2.14 kg of food will be provided to all the residents of Anconioh. So the total requirement

will be around 30000 kg per day.

3.2.3 Electrical power requirements

Production The electrical power for Aynah will be produced primarily by using solar energywhich will be harnessed by the SOLARIS SHIELDwhich has one layer of GalliumArsenide solar panels and three layers of transparent Graphenesolar panels. Onirradiating graphene sheets with sunlight, light of almost any wavelength splits intotwo regions with different electrical properties which creates a temperature differencethat eventually turns into electrical current. Gallium Arsenide also provides protectionagainst radiation.

Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs)will also be used to generate electricity as a secondary

source. A special type of bacteria called Bacillus Stratosphericus will be used in theseMFCs. These bacteria can generate twice the amount of electricity generated byother bacteria in MFCs. It can convert waste/owing water into power. Inside an MFC,the organisms produce carbon dioxide, protons and electrons when kept in a solu-tion without oxygen. Liberated electrons form a negatively charged anode while theprotons create a positively charged cathode. This produces both charges necessaryto produce an electric current.

Storage Nano capacitorswill be used to store the electricity produced. It is ten times moreefcient than any conventional method thereby allowing a tenfold increase in powerdensity. It consists of millions of virtually identical nanostructures designed to store,carry, and deliver electrical energy. The system exploits various combinations of stan-dard physical properties to achieve higher power, more storage, and rapid recharg-

ing. Their storage capacity (which depends on surface area) is also boosted by usingnanofabricationwhich will again increase it massively.These Nano capacitors will beplaced below the Solaris Shield in a attened cylindrical zone.

able 3.8: Production and storage o electrical energy

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Power Distribution

Target Power per person 1.3 KW

Residential Torus 3,125 KW

Agricultural Torus 2,050 KW

Industrial Torus 14,025 KWTotal Power 19,200 KW

able 3.9: Power Distribution per day

3.2.4 Water Management:-

Source & production 1) Ice from the poles of Mercury would be collected by a specially builtspacecraft Volturnuswhich will use subsidiary robots contained in its hullwhich will crush the ice and then transfer it to the water tanks after whichthe Volturnuswill y back to Aynah. After the initial acquisition of water fromMercury each year the Volturnuswill go back to Mercury to replenish the wa-ter supplies. The 2 tanks in Volturnus have the capacity to carry 22680 litresof water of each, so the total capacity of water it can carry is 45360 litres.

2) Fuel cells will be used as a backup in case of any water shortage or emer-gency.

Storage The water in Aynah is stored using tanks which are made up of berglassasit is lightweight, extremely strong, and robust material. The residential toruswill have 10 tanks while the Agricultural torus and the Industrial torus willhave 4 big tanks each.

Water treatment &Recycling

Sewage water is treated and puried using dual-membrane(via micro-ltration and reverse osmosis) and ultra violet technologyin addition toconventional water treatment. This water is portable and can be consumed.Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs)will also be used to treat the water separately.Water between the exoskeleton of Aynah will also be cleaned using theMFCs with Bacillus Stratosphericus.

able 3.11: Water management on Aynah

Water Requirements in Aynah

Water required per person per day 48 L

Water required in residential sector 72,000 L

Water required in agricultural sector 200,000 L

Water required in industrial sector 300,000 L

able 3.10: otal water requirement

Figure 3.3: Flowchart o water managementFigure 3.2: Volturnus with dimensions

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3.2.5 Household and Industrial solid waste managementResidents are advised to recycle as much as possible.

Collection and Segregation: Wastes produced in homes as well as industries will be collected and

directed to Aynah Waste Management Unit (AWMU). Here robots will segregate the wastes based

on their degradation (Biodegradable and Non-biodegradable).The waste management capacity willbe 1 million liters throughout the system.

Treatment/Disposal Processes: Biodegradable and Non-biodegradable wastes are treated/disposed

by different processes:-

Figure 3.4: Nisargruna Mechanism

Termal Depolymerisation:-

Figure 3.5: Termal Depolymerisation Mechanism

3.2.6.1 Internal Communication

Wired Wireless

Optic ber cables(IEEE 802.3bj) WIMAX(IEEE 802.11n)

FSO(IEEE 802.15)

able 3.13: Wired/wireless communication mechanism

Type of waste Method of disposal/

treatment

Products formed after disposal/

treatment

Usage of products

Biodegradable Nisargruna Tech-

nology

Biogas(methane)

Nutrient rich water

Biogas can be used

for production of

energy as well as

agricultural purposes.

Water is used foragricultural purposes

as well as in TDP.

Non-Biode-

gradable

Thermal Depolymeri-

sation (TDP)

Water

Crude oil (Gasoline)

Gases

Water is recycled

throughout the

process. Crude oil

is used for industrial

purposes. Gases are

used to power the

treatment process.

able 3.12: Waste management strategy

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Devices used Function Speed Frequency Band Numberrequired

Antennas ransmit and receiveradio signals.

100Mbps ransmission 18-27GhzReceiving-26.5GHz-40Ghz

K-BandandKa-Band

4

Traveling wavetube amplifiers

Ampliy the wavesto higher requencywithin the band.

Tisdevicehelps inachieving100Mbps

Ampliy thesignal to desiredrequencies.

8

Transponders Receive, ampliy andresend data overdifferent requencieswithin the Band.

able 3.15: Specification or external communication mechanism

o acilitate external communication with spaceships/others settlements/Earth, Aynahwill use radio waves.

3.2.6.2 External communications

1) Pod trains:-

A network of pod trains will carry passengers all around the residential torus. It is also used for

transport of materials within the agricultural and industrial tori. Stations will be located at regular

intervals for the convenience of passengers.

3.2.7 Internal transportation system:-

Figure 3.6:Pod train withdimensions

OperationsandInfrastructure

2) Individual pods:-Small individual

pods can be usedpassengers to travelshort distances, sayrom residentialblocks to commer-cial areas as well asto a pod train sta-tion. People have torequest or an indi-

vidual pod when they

want to travel on it.Figure 3.7: Individual Pod with dimensions


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3) Segways:-

Tey are or residents who preer private

transport. Tey run on electricity and canaccommodate two people. Tey can be usedby passengers to move all around the resi-dential torus.

Figure 3.8: Segway with dimensions

Figure 3.9: ransport Routes

Length o pod traintrack in residential torus= 4738mWidth o pod train trackin residential = 7.5m

Length o individual podtrack = 24600Width o individual podtrack = 5.5m

Mode of transport Length(m) Width(m) Height(m) Capacity Quantity

Pod trains 25 3 3.5 30 35

Individual Pods 3 2.5 3.5 4 3000

Segways 2 1.5 2.5 2 2000

able 3.15: Specifications o transportation system

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Oper

ationsand

Infrastru

cture

3.2.8 Day/Night Cycle:-

Figure 3.10: Optical Fiber Network

Figure 3.11: Mechanism o Day & Night cycle

Storage acilities required to protect against interruption in production o ood and othercommodities:-Food supplies which would be sufficient or one month are stored in a special acility in theagricultural torus in case o any interruption in production o ood. Water, electricity andother commodities will be stored in underground storage zones in the Agricultural andindustrial torus and will used in cases o emergency. Tese zones can accommodate com-modities or upto one month or so. Various back up procedures are also present to tackle anyemergency.


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3.3 Construction Machinery:-

Figure 3.12: Exterior Construction robot Double Helix working

Te functions and various other features of these robots has been explained in 5.1 ofAutomation Engineering.

3.4 Solar Panels:-

Te Solaris shield compriseso 1 layer o Gallium Arse-nide (GaAs) solar panels(or providing protectionagainst radiation) and 3 lay-ers o transparent Graphenesolar panels or tappingsolar energy in the sun

synchronous Mercury polarorbit. It is a circular array osolar panels o radius 1km.Further details are ex-plained in 2.3 o StructuralDesign.

able 3.16: Solar panel area

Source Area Covered

Graphene Solar Panels 9426000 m2

Gallium Arsenide Solar

Panels

3142000 m2

Microbial Fuel Cells Variable

Oper

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Solar Panel Area:-

3.5 Reardonium Surface Transport Vehicle:-

4 sq. mile = 10359951.3289487 m2

2022120 m2 for other purposes.

1831800 for agriculture

Hence on calculation 1km of solar panels would be required which providessufcient energy for uninterrupted manufacture of reardonium, agricultural and

residential usage.

RetroV

Figure 3.15: RetroV Surace ransport Vehicle (Re-Reardonium, tro- ransport, V-Vehi-

Mined reardonium will be picked up by the RetroV and transported to the Lex robots which

will cure/manipulate those parts. To get the desired properties, the reardonium parts are

exposed to varying temperature differences (700K to 100K) and differing exposure times

on the surface of Mercury. Each reardonium part will be moved on an average 2.5 times

during its curing process.

Oper

ationsand

Infrastru

cture

Control center Residential torus IndustrialCylinder

Technology

used

Optic ber cables

WIMAX

Optic Fiber cables ,WIMAX and FSO FSO

Advantages Cables Easy to set up, cheap and fast

transmission, less signal degradation low

power nonammable (because no electric-

ity is passed through) and exible.

WIMAX Connection on the go and the

reason for every Base tower to be at 70m

is that if there is a central failure. To avoid

this WIMAX towers are placed at 70m so

that if one area fails the other places arenot affected.

WIMAX Already specied.

FSO Highly secure transmission

and cheaper than laying bers.

Highly secure transmission and

cheaper than laying Optic ber

cables.

able 3.14: Specifications or internal communication mechanism (Note: Tis table is continued rom 15)


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Human

Factors

200m

1540m

Te 3 strips when joined give the entire length o the down surace.

Health

club

Social andcommercialcomplex

Hotel

Parks

Sports

complex Artificialwater bodyPlace o

worship

Administrativeoffice

1540m

200m

1660m

200m

Pod traintrack

hospital

Powercontrol

Securityservices

Waterstorage

Depot area

Expansionareas

4.0 Community Design


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4.1 Amenities

Residents are encouraged in several sports and physical activities as part of their tness regime. An

Annual Sports meet will enthral the residents will different forms of sports to be played. An annual

cultural festival Earthianwill exhibit earths culture .Other services will include hotels and bars,

gaming arcades and picture galleries.

4.1.1 Entertainment and recreation

Name Category Specicaons Capacity

The Aether Sports A sports stadium for dierent sports with a sports complex for

indoor sports and a sports village for accommodaon of 200

athletes.

1500

Dionysus

Home

Cinema IMAX and play theatres oering quality cinema. 150

Apollo Care Physical

health and

tness

Health clubs will oer mandatory membership to the adult

residents .Spa and meditaon services will be included. Train-

ers will assist residents .

200

Panton Area Commercialcomplex

It includes malls , shopping centres and food courts . 500

Zeus Park Theme Park A zero gravity theme park that will allow the residents to free

oat and enjoy zero gravity.

150

Space Life Cinema Holographic Smulaon of the past and present lifestyle and

culture of all Space selements.

150

Mercury -O-

forum

Social Com-

plex

It is a cultural and social center for gatherings. 700

4.1.2 Education

5% of the population , ie , 700 students approximately will require education . Interactive whiteboards,

automated computers , Mlearing and ebooks will encourage healthy student-teacher interaction and

learning. Student counselling bodies will cater to career development of the students.

K-12 Educaon Higher studies

A school will cater to primary and secondary educa-

on of children .Moral educaon with interacve

learning will enable their overall development

.Community service will be part of their curriculum.

Educaonal courses in all major subjects will be

Included . Higher educaon will be praccal and

research based for beer understanding.

4.1.3 Medical Facilities

Healthcare

Aynah will have a large hospital located centrally with an area of 9625 Sq.m and a capacity toserve 25 % of population. The hospitals will also have a psychiatric section specializing with the

mental conditions and traumas that the residents may face due to the new environment on Aynah.

Telemedicine, Nanomedicine and Stem cell therapy will be utilized. An EDC (electronic diet counse-

lor) will keep a track on their diet and health sending them updates and warnings thus engaging in

diet counselling.

Medical Researce

Research will be carried out in important elds and will be a part of internship courses.

Pharmacy

Aynah will have a retail pharmacy outlet in each sector selling medicines only on doctors prescrip-

tion. Drug dosage and consumption will be effectively monitored .

Human

Factors


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4.1.4 Parks and RecreationLarge areas of the residential torus will be covered by greenery and parks . Articial water bodies

and line of sight 200m on sides and 325m fowards will also allow the residents to enjoy the beauty of

the environment .

4.1.5 Housing ,Hotels and Offices

Housing:

Aynah has spacious houses with very modern designs. Depending on the needs, there are 4 types

of houses in Aynah. Aynah will have 60 housing blocks.

Hotels:

Aynah will include both standard hotels offering comfortable yet economical services as well as

luxury lake side hotels with foremost luxury in terms of food , service and facilities for the temporary

visitors.

Ofces:

An adequate number of ofces with suitable oor area and accompanying features will be built

for administrative requirements of various operations and general administration of the people on

Aynah.

4.1.6 Psychological Factors

4.1.7 Physiological Factors

Factor Cause/Descripon Soluon

Altered circadian rhythm. Heavy work shis and terrafor-

ming missions

Lowering work load and well monitored work

period

Ageusia. Loss /change of sense of taste

due to weightlessness

Wide variety of food, Stong tasng and aro-

mac food

Discomfort due to mo-

on.

Coriolis eect Eecve smulaon of required gravity with

diamond grid community

Dysbarism. Change in ambient pressure

resulng in formaon of

bubbles in bodily uids leading

to paralysis or even death

Maintaining steady and required gravity

Osteomalasia/Rickets. Soening of bones due to

deviciency of vitamin D

Sucient exposure of sunlight to supply the

body with necessary vitamin D

Deterioraon of bone andmuscle mass.

Bones and muscles deterioratedue to lack of stresses on them

Resveratrol supplements, Physical exercise,eecve smulaon of required gravity

Factor Cause/Descripon Soluon

Diogenes Syndrome Extreme self-neglect and social with-

drawal

Social interacon with people of all

ages, cultural & social acvies

Agoraphobia Anxiety disorder to due perceived lack of

interest in public areas

Cognive behavioural treatment,

awareness among residents about

escape pods, routes and conngency

plans.

General adaptaon

syndrome (Stress)

characteriscs manifested in the body as

a response to stress

Creaon of an earth like environment

to alleviate changes in stress

Solipsism syndrome Feeling that nothing exists but ones self Recreaon centres , environment with

changing paernsSPD (schizoid person-

ality disorder)

Lack of interest in social relaonship ,

characterised by solitary lifestyle

Social and cultural acvies

Heliophobia Fear of sunlight Regulated sunlight to enter the sele-

ment and exposure therapy

Claustrophobia Fear of Enclosed places Well designed community , parks and

open spaces, Long line of sightHuman

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4.1.8 List of consumables and consumer gooods

Clothing

ItemQuanty per

person/year

Total Require-

ment

Footwear 5 Pairs 70000 pairs

Socks 8 Pairs 112000 pairs

Formal Wear set 9 Sets 126000 sets

Informal Wear set 14 Sets 196000 sets

Sweaters/Coats 3 nos 42000

Work Gloves 5 Pairs 70000 pairs

Toiletries

ItemQuanty per

person/year

Total Require-

ment

Toothbrush 4 nos 56800

Toothpaste 400 gm 5680 Kg

Soap/Shampoo 1100 ml 15620 L

Shaving Brush 2 nos 28400

Tissue 2 Kg 28000 Kg

Cosmecs 2.5 Kg 35500 Kg

Electronics

ItemQuanty per

family/year

Total Require ment

Refrigerator 1 per 5 years 4500

Printer 1 per 5 years 4500

Tablet pc 1 per 3 years 4500

Security Systems 1 per 3 years 4500

Smart T.V 1 per 7 years 4500

Staonery

ItemQuanty per

person/year

Total Require-

ment

Pen/Pencil 45 nos 639000

Paper 40 Kg 568000 Kg

Oce Supplies Variable Variable

Prinng Ink 300 gm. 4260 Kg

Chairs 1 nos 14200

Vegetables and Fruits

Product Quanty per

person/year

Total

Requirement

Cauliower 0.86 Kg 12212 Kg

Leuce 4.98 Kg 70716 Kg

Tomato 8.38 Kg 118996 KgCabbage 4.21 Kg 59782 Kg

Potato 36.8 Kg 522560 Kg

Spinach 1.27 Kg 18034 Kg

Carrot 4.34 Kg 61628 Kg

Eggplant 0.41 Kg 5822 Kg

Onion 9.06 Kg 128652 Kg

Apple 12.1 Kg 171820 Kg

Bannana 12.1 Kg 171820Kg

Strawberry 3.94 Kg 55948 KgGrains

Product Quanty per

person/year

Total Requirement

Soyabean 5.6 Kg 79520 Kg

Sorghum 5 Kg 71000 Kg

Wheat 52.2 Kg 741240 Kg

Barley 4.49 Kg 63758 Kg

Rice 11.9 Kg 168980 Kg

Dairy Products

Product Quanty per

person/year

Total Requirement

Milk 182.5 Kg 2591500 Kg

Cheese 14.22 Kg 201924 Kg

Oils 38.77 Kg 550534 Kg

Meat (in-vitro)

Product Quanty per

person/year

Total Re-

quirement

Fish 7.25 Kg 102950 Kg

Pork 22.20 Kg 315240 Kg

Poultry 33.07 Kg 469594 Kg

Medical Ulies

ItemQuanty per

person/year

Total Re-

quirement

Medicines 500 gm 7100 Kg

Tonics 75 ml 1065 L

Operaon uniform 5 sets 4900 setsSurgical equipment 10 sets 9800 sets

Stethoscope 1 nos 980

Human

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Distribution o consumables

Human

Factors

301811

130

4011

40

35

379

185

400

196

4.2 Housing

Condominium 1 BHK

Condominium2 BHK

Villa 2 BHK2nd floor

Villa 2 BHK1st floor

1 BHK condominium

2 BHK villa


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Human

Factors

Townhouse Plinth Area Number required ResidentsOccupying

Total plinthArea

1 BHK Condo 1200 sq.f 1225 4900 1470000 sq.f

2 BHK Villa 1600 sq.f 1750 3500 2792000 sq.f

2 BHK Condo 1400 sqf 584 3500 813400 sq.f

3 BHK Villa 2000 sq.f 700 2100 1400000 sq.f

4.3 .1 Spacesuit Stowage and Airlock Design Airlocks have been adequately designedto minimise the change in pressure

and loss of air from the initial pressur-

ized area. It consists of a chamber with

two air tight doors at the ends. Before

entering the air lock the astronauts will

be required to enter an area where the

pressure will be reduced to 0.7 atm

and they will breathe in pure oxygen for

30 min. This is to prevent bends due

to depressurization and formation of

nitrogen bubbles in the blood stream.

When exiting into space ,the door facingthe traveller is opened and then closed

after he enters.

Villa 3 BHK

2nd floor1st floor

2 BHK Condominium3 BHK Villa


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Human

Factors

Gradually, compressed air is either pumped in or out according to the pressure on the other side of

the airlock or outside with specialised pipes . The traveller stays for the stipulated time to prevent

decompression sickness, then the second door is opened leading to the area with different pressure

. It is then closed. For re- entry, the same procedure is followed. Occupants will be equipped with

lighting and external handrails. The space suits will be stored near the air lock and docking area for

easy access. Blasts of air will be used to remove dust off them.

4.3.2 Design of systems and devices for use in low gravity

System Description

Cable

cars

Cable Cars will be used to travel in the hull

between the main cylinder and the torus.Safety

seats ,seat belts and airbags will serve the pur-

pose of safety .

Tethers The spacesuits will have attached tethers made

of M5 ber which has high structural and tensile

strength and is temperature resistant, enabling

the person to do internal operations safely .

PaddedWalls

Walls in the acclimatisation disc will be paddedwith soft materials in case of any collisions.

Hand-

rails

.

The silicon carbide handrails have an exterior

small hollow cylinder as a lock system. Resi-

dents attach the cylinder to their arm with velcro

and move through the area. The cylinder rolls

over the rail on ball-bearings. In any emergency,

on pressing a button on the cylinder, the ball

bearings get locked in place, along with the cylin-

der, hence providing support.

4.4 Means for children tospend time in 1g

Medium Description

School Children will spend 3-4 hours ina school o area 17000 m2 located100 m below the residentialdeck, catering to 700 students ina 1g environment,necessary ortheir acceptable development.Accomodation or an extra 100

students will be made available.Activitycentre

On holidays Children will spendtime in the Activity center o area3000 m2 or extra-curricularactivities and sports .

1g area4.5 Surface vehicles for human inspection

20 f12 f

10 f

Rovers will be used for

human monitoring of the

curing process on mercury

surface.

Suitports with reardonium

lined spacesuits can be

used only when the rover

is within 10 longitude.

It has pivoted wheels that

allows 360 rotation.

A docking hatch will allow

crew transfer from

pressurised to pressurised

rover.

The Rover can serve 2

people and can hold an

additional 2 in

emergencies.

Rovers lined with

reardonium will provide

radiation protection to the

crew.

Amenites include a small

bathroom ,foldable

bed/seats ,cabinets and

work bench.

During mercury night, the

rover will use its own light

for better sight.

Power source will be

foldable solar arrays.

Batteries and fuel cells will

serve as a backup and also

during mercury night.

ethersSof padded wallsHandrails


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5.0 Computing and Information processing schematics

Type Quanty Processing Speed

Personal Compung Devices 14200 16 Teraops

Work Based Compung Devices 8000 32 Teraops

Aynah Operang and Controlling Devices 30 128 Teraops

Aynah Interacve Communicaons

Device(AICD)

14500 16 Teraops

5.0.2 Networking devicesAll personal computing systems are connected to their designated server made specically for the

device based communications. The main server (Cleos)will record data to the backup servers to

provide for a seamless integration between the two and to have backup in case of an emergency

or main server breakdown. Every device present at Aynah would transfer and receive data using

High speed newer generation LTE networks, which would allow rapid and uninterrupted networking.

Boosters will be provided within Ayanh and would maintain the signal strength throughout. All datatransfer in the settlement will be encrypted a technique known as Quantum Cryptography.

The Main form of Data Storage among the portable devices and other computing devices would be

Carbon nanodotsto store data. For other devices, holographic and molecular memory would be

used. This enables them to store huge quantities of data in comparatively smaller spaces. By secur-

ing data in such carbon nanodots, backup encrypted data is always ensured the users.

5.1 Automation for constructionConstruction of Aynah has been made fully automated to minimize human labor requirement due to

the extremities in conditions at the work stations. By incorporating Articial Intelligence, a method

by which systems learn and adapt to a given set of conditions over a particular time period and

by using External human involvement (Human-robot interaction), intricate parts of the construc-tion process is made simple and easy. The robotic systems are programmed to suit the particular

requirement and are tted with edge detectors; pattern detectorsetc which help them maximize

their efciency.

5.1.1 Transportation and delivery of material and equipment

To prevent delay in construction process due to lack of materials and equipment, Northdonning

Heedwell has employed a eet of Pegasus shuttles that carry the chief raw material, Reardonium,

from the Mercury base to be supplied to the Helix construction botswhich would be tracked and

monitored by external controllers and carried out in a continuous cycle till the external structure has

been completed.

To ensure that equipment used for construction is of the highest build quality and to prevent any

unwanted repairs and unscheduled maintenance requirements to come by, Northdonning Heedwell

is importing the construction robots from Bellevistat and tested before being put to use.

5.1.2 Exterior Construction and AssemblyThe Helix is fully automated exterior construction model and is imported from Bellevistat. Before

arranging the Helix model onto the exo skeleton .It is programmed with its specic construction

sequence and schematics and this is analyzed and learnt by the articial intelligence built into

them. By imprinting each of the construction materials with a unique barcode- it is read by the

sensor on board the Helix and determines its correct usage. The Helix comes in two main con-

gurations, the linear and the ring shaped congurations (known as the Helix L and the Double

Helix). The ring shaped congurations is used for construction of the major circular parts of Aynah

such as the torii and the linear conguration is used for construction of the straight structures such

as the central hull.

5.0.1Computing and information processing devices at Aynah

5.0.3 Data Storage

able 5.1.1

Auto

mationDe

signandServices


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The Helix is fully automated exterior construction model and is imported from Bellevistat. Before

arranging the Helix model onto the exo skeleton .It is programmed with its specic construction se -

quence and schematics and this is analyzed and learnt by the articial intelligence built into them.

By imprinting each of the construction materials with a unique barcode- it is read by the sensor on

board the Helix and determines its correct usage. The Helix comes in two main congurations, the

linear and the ring shaped congurations (known as the Helix L and the Double Helix). The ring

shaped congurations is used for construction of the major circular parts of Aynah such as the torii

and the linear conguration is used for construction of the straight structures such as the central

hull.

In both form of congurations, the small localized arms receive the materials and the uses its

intelligence to determine the usage and manipulated them using laser welders and plasma cut-

ters and eventually attach sections using concrete nozzleswhich keep reardonium block layers

together.

Linear congurations undergo same processes, but, their construction process is linearly carried

out.

To ensure that construction is carried out in scheduled time, Pegasus shuttles constantly supply

reardonium parts, after curing from mercury surface and contact the Helix constructors using Infra-

red Beacon technology and ensure that they have materials and prevent any delay due to lack of

materials.

5.1.3 Interior constructionThe G-43 robots are given schematic drawings regarding the structure they need to construct,

construction process, prioritization etc, which they shall analyze by using Articial Intelligence.

By imprinting codes on materials and tools which are to be handled by the G-43s, they identify

its use and use accordingly. Over and above the Articial Intelligenceprogrammed into the

G-43s, their programs are subjected to over-ride by their human controllers, in case of any sort ofemergency, or change required in construction.

Figure 5.1.1

Figure 5.1.2

Small Localized arms

MaterialsContainer

Constructed torus

110m

10m

Double Helix: Te ringtype configuration

Note: Te torus isshown translucent.

20m10m

MaterialsContainer

LayingReardoniumblocks onthe centralcylindder

Helix L: Te linear typeconfiguration

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5.2 Automation systems for settlement maintenance, authorization and Contingency plans

The initial interior construction robots (the specically re-modied and reprogrammed G-43s) are

used to perform routine checks and used in maintenance of the settlement after competition of the

construction of Aynah. The advantages of using reprogrammed G-43s are that, it can be further

reused to maximize its full potential and it also reduces the need for requirement of newer robots

for operation of Aynah. The specically re-programmed bots are used to automate operation of the

settlement to a large extent, but, in case of any failures and need for human intervention; human

engineers can over-ride the G-43s programming.

5.2.1 Backup and Contingency plansThe Contingency plan drawn out by Northdonning Heedwell for the Foundation Society tries

its best to assess every form of threat to the settlement and to work out the best form of abat-

ing it and protecting its 14,000 full time residents along with its visitors.

Fire regulations are classified on the United States NFPA 10: Standard for Portable FireExtinguishers

5.2.2 Configuration of robots required for emergency external repairsRobots required to perform either routine external checks and repairs or those that are required to

perform emergency repairs such as xing a breech in the hull are lined with a 5 inch thick layerof

reardonium to protect the robots from solar radiations and to maintain a safe conguration during

intense solar are activity.

Possible Prob-lems

Point of Occurrence Contingency/Backup Plan ResponseTime

Fire

Class A Agricultural Torus, Parks in residen-tial torus

Water Based Fire Extinguishers 45 seconds

Class B Fuel storage areas, house holdequipment

FM-200 re extinguishers 45 seconds

Class C Electrical wires and other electricalequipment

FM-200 re extinguishers 45 seconds

Class D Equipment made with combustiblematerial

Dry-powdered extinguishers(Copper or Graphite)

45 seconds

Class K Kitchens in homes and restaurants Wet Chemical Extinguishers(Potassium Acetate)

45 seconds

Food shortage Residential Torus 10 month backup food and water

supply.

-

Exterior dam-age

Exterior walls of Aynah. Arrolis robots are employed toreplace Reardonium blocks assoon as damage is detected

10 minutes

Computing net-work crash

Any computer or server on themain network

That line of the network is closeddown temporarily and a new lineis employed

Immediate

Food Poisoning Any resident consuming contami-nated food

Back-up, non-contaminated foodis used until non-contaminatedfood is re-grown

-

Dock Failure The failed dock is temporarilyclosed and shuttles redirected tothe remaining docks

Damaged dock(s) are repaired Less than10 minutes

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5.2.4 Process through which authorized personnel have access and only for authorizedpurposesTo provide for data and personal security, Aynah is broken down into the following 5 divisions. The

Least Secure division is known as Level Q, and it has no authorization requirement.

Security Level Method of Authencaon Places It is used People Given Access

Level I Password, rena scan, voice

recognion, RFID, ngerprint,

facial recognion, stress

level indicators, DNA reader

through blood prick

Cleos (Central

Server), Control

Centre

Authorized Personnel

only.

Level II Password, rena scan, voice

recognion, RFID, ngerprint,

facial recognion

Reardonium and

other industries

and Agricultural

Torus

Industrialists and other

authorized personnel

Level III Password, rena scan, nger-

print recognion

Sub-Servers Technical Personnel

Level IV Password, RFID Houses and other

places in Residen-

al Torus

Cizens and other tourists

Level Q No Authorizaon Public Places suchas parks and malls

Everyone

For Levels I and II, Minimum of 3 of the methods of authorization must be passed to gain access.

For levels III and IV, any 1 of the method of authorization is required to gain access.

5.2.5 Automation for settlement maintenance, repair and safety functions

5.2.3 Systems by which authorized personnel have access to command computing androbot systems

At higher levels in the authorization hierarchy, entry is restricted and ltered out, and list of personnel

being authorized are fed into the main system server (ie. Cleos) and granted access.

Access only granted through a strict entry process described in Aynah as Level I, the authorized

personnel commanding computing and robot system are ltered out and thus, prevent any sort ofinltrations.

Automaon

require-

ment

Robot / System Features Count

required

Replacing

of damaged

Reardoniumblocks

Helix type decommissioned

external construcon robot

The exterior construcon robots (Double

Helix and Helix L)are decommissioned

and used aer compleon of Aynah for

emergency external repairs and replace-

ment of Reardonium blocks

30

Monitoring

of Aynahs

condions

Silicon piezoresisve pres-

sure sensors, Thermocouple

temperature sensor

The sensor data is fed to Microcontrollers

which process them and send out dis-

tress signals to the control centre, and

further acon is carried out with regard

to the situaon.

10,000

Safety Func-

ons

Modied G-43s Small humanoid robot to help in safety of

residents. They are only deployed during

an emergency scenario. Ensuring safetyof residents and also helping to provide

medical aid is its top priority.

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Cleaning of

Aynah windows

meant to view

mercury

Modied Helix L

external construcon

robot

A variant of the Helix L in which the

mul-ulity hands is equipped with

brushes to clean the surface of the win-

dow. The brushes have an abrasive laden

part which is preceded by a so part.This so part blows o the dust parcles

which are taken o by the abrasive laden

part of the brush

10

Replacement of

solar panels.

Helix type decom-

missioned external

construcon robot

The Helix type bot is commissioned and

modied to suit and perform its funcon

by disconnecng the faulty solar panel,

placing a new one and restoring connec-

vity.

2

5.3 Automation to Enhance Livability in Community

5.3.1 Enhancing livability in the community through automationTe Aynah Interactive Communications Device (AICD)

One of the most primary automation features in Aynah

will be the AICD. Each Resident of Aynah will receive

an AICD which would feature a 4 inch foldable touch

screenwhich would communicate with the user via

gesture based controls through Smart Sensors present

in it. This device would serve as primary communication

medium in Aynah and would be equipped with calling,

emailing and other such pre-requisite facilities.

The device comes in various congurations built speci-

cally for each requirement. The standard edition featuresa 4 inch touch screen with haptic feedback, gestureand

motion controls.

4 oldable touchscreen

AICD

The device can be used to locate availability of nearby facilities and amenities using the unique Settlement

Positioning System.

The AICD also noties the user about the Aynahs present conditions and alarms the user in case of

an emergency. The AICDs software interface will be user specic and each AICD device will have a

an operating system custom built to user requirements and will vary with respect to the age, business

requisites etc and its OS will be updated to meet any new needs in the future.

5.3.2 Automation to enhance productivity in work spaces

able 5.1.4

Figure 5.1.3

Figure 5.1.4

0.75m0.50m

2m

3m

Proximity Sensors

Collection Box

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The Chloris robot is a helper bot used for various purposes such as harvesting crops,

spraying pesticidesand planting of new seeds to be used as a substitute for human

labor. The Chloris (Greek for Goddess of owers) is specially designed to automate

harvesting of crops and spraying of pesticides in lieu of the various processes such as

aeroponics employed in growth of crops on Aynah.

Using color producers such as RGB (Red, green blue) LEDs and detectors such as

Photoresistors, the ED-13 detects the size of the crops and picks them up in accordance

to their capabilities. Different sized ED-13s will be available to harvest different types of

crops, depending on their sizes. The ED-13s work on Photoresistance effect. The sensors

emit light at different heights, and they themselves receive again and process the colors.

Depending on the color they receive, they can determine the height and harvest accord-

ingly.

For efcient growth of crops, the ED-13s may emit colors such as red, green and blue on

the crops. By doing so, the crops get benetted and grow more effectively.

5.3.3 Automation for convenience in residencesAll household appliances and machines will employ a highly sophisticated resident recognition

detection program and articial intelligence will be incorporated into the core of their systems

which will help them process data and carry out user-specic programs. Apart from user specic

systems, basics functions expected in a highly automated residential layout such as control of

lighting, climate and such will be incorporated into the houses data processing system

5.3.4 Automation for maintenance and routine tasks reducing requirements for manuallabour

Replacement

of damaged

Reardonium

blocks

Helix type decommissioned

external construcon robot

Cleaning of Aynah

windows meant to view

mercury

Modied Helix L

external construcon

robot

By employing robots for routine tasks, human labor requirement is reduced and efciency

in work output is maximized.

5.3.5 Privacy of personal data

Administrative accounts is secured by a method known as Quantum Cryptography which is the

most reliable method out of most known methods in terms of network security. Advantage of quantum

cryptography lies in the fact that it allows the completion of various cryptographic tasks that are proven

or conjectured to be impossible using only classical (i.e., non-quantum) communication . In particular,

quantum mechanics guarantees that measuring quantum data disturbs that data; this can be used to

detect an adversary's interference with a message.

Personal Computers of residents and work accounts can also only be accessed by ngerprint and

retina scans. All methods of verication of authorized use of the system are encrypted to prevent iden-

tity theft and exposure to sensitive information

5.3.6 Control of systems in private spaces

The AICD , provided to the residents of Aynah has the ability to control systems in private spaces

such as climate control, ambient mood lighting and entertainmentsystems like televisions

and music systems. Entertainment and content is seamlessly controlled by the AICD with custom

software built into it for the perfect integration of the AICD with the entertainment and monitoring

systems provided by residents in their private spaces.

5.3.7 Personal delivery of internal and external communication, entertainment,information, computing and robot resources

Communication within and outside the settlement will be through the AICD. Information delivery

and pod controls will be based in the AICD and through this harmonious integration, residents

will have a hassle free delivery of their specic personal data and controls to their personal robot

resources.

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5.4 Automation for Reardonium refining5.4.1 Automation for efficiency of reardonium manufacturingBy using the best and most efcient methods of reardonium rening as determined by the

Foundation Society metallurgists, efciency in manufacturing of reardonium is increased.

5.4.2 Unloading of raw ore and its movement in its refining process

The raw ore arriving from the base at mercury will be unloaded at the docking area by a series of

mechanical arms which place them onto the special pods which are used for carrying reardonium

to the rening area.

Figure 5.1.5

The motion of the blocks of reardonium through its rening process will be made possible

by using large sets of conveyer belts which transfer the blocks from one stage of rening to

another. The reardonium rening process will take place on a set of special conveyor belts

having air suction pumpswhich creates pressure between the belt and the ore and help it to

operate even during minimal gravity.

5.4.3 Formation of refined reardonium

The rened reardonium will be formed and shaped into different dimensions depending upon the

required specications by the use of several automated tools which cut, mould, and press the

rened reardonium into different shapes and sizes according to the requirement.

5.4.4 Handling and Checking of Reardonium

The reardonium is checked then scanned for different problems and it undergoes a series of

quality checks. The reardonium is then inserted into a specially made storage container having

similar dimensions and is shifted to a storage area from where it will be shuttled back to Mercury

to undergo curing.

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5.5 Robots used to handle reardonium parts5.5.1 Robots used for manipulating reardonium partsSpecic properties of reardonium are obtained only through curing at specic locations and curing

for specic time duration. To reduce manual labour involved in transportation of reardonium blocksand in their manipulation to get a better material cure, Northdonning Heedwell has designed a robot

called Lex (Greek for manipulation). Lex can be utilized on the surface of mercury for many pur-

poses involving manipulation of reardonium such as turning over to get a better material cure.

5.5.2 Loading and unloading

To attain desired material properties, reardonium

parts have to be moved to different locations on

mercury and cured. The Lex bot had mechanical

arms which can be used to load and unload the

reardonium blocks onto the RetroV. This is repre-

sented in the gure RetroV.

5.5.3 Operations during day and night andsafe configurations

A slidable shield is provided which moves forwards

and expands its layer, underneath which its hands

stay contracted. Thus, by assuming such as

conguration, the majority parts of the Lex bot are

protected from high solar are activity and during

solar storms.

Note:The slidable shield

is made of a 5 inch thick

layer of reardonium whichprotects not only the

external physical body of

the Lex bot such as its

arms and body, but also

protects the delicate in-

ternal electronic chipsets,

microcontrollers, data

processing units and sen-

sors from solar radiations

and intense solar are

activity.

Figure 5.1.6

Figure 5.1.7

Figure 5.1.8

100f

40f

60f

40f

Te Lex

40f60f

Slidable shieldmade o 20 inchreardonium

Loading and unloadingo reardonium

10m

10m

Readrdonium block

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Contractawardedon8thMay

space station bishop cotton basngalore

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