Space Exploration

Unit 2

Theme 1C. Perez, Griffith MS

astronaut

Definition: person trained to be a crew member of a spacecraft

Sentence: The astronaut saw Earth from the moon.

gravity

Definition: force that pulls things toward the center of the Earth

Sentence: Gravity causes things to fall when they are dropped or thrown upward.

launch

Definition: send off

Sentence: The science class will build and launch a small rocket.

manned maneuvering Unit

Definition: powered backpack that allows an astronaut to travel freely in space

Sentence: The astronaut put on a manned maneuvering unit before she left the spaceship.

orbit

Definition: travel in a close curve around an object in space

Sentence: The spaceship can orbit Earth in less than one day.

routine monitoring and maintenance

Definition: checking regularly that things are working and keeping them in good repair

Sentence: Routine monitoring and maintenance will make machines last longer.

satellite

Definition: man-made object that revolves around another object in space

Sentence: This satellite revolves around Earth and gives information about the weather.

scientific testing and experimentation

Definition: orderly examination and observation

Sentence: Scientific testing and experimentation has led to important discoveries.

smoke-detection system

Definition: device that alerts people when there is smoke in the air

Sentence: A smoke detection system can save lives.

space laboratory

Definition: place in space where scientific tests are done

Sentence: In a space laboratory it is possible to do tests that cannot be done on Earth.

spacecraft

Definition: vehicle designed for flight in space

Sentence: The astronaut left the spacecraft to walk on the moon.

tether

Definition: attach by rope or cord

Sentence: Use this rope to tether the goat to the post.

weightlessness

Definition: state or condition of seeming to be without weight

Sentence: Weightlessness occurs in space because there is no pull of gravity there.

How to Skim and Take Notes

Reading Strategy #2

Unit 2

C. Perez, Griffith MS

How To Skim and Take Notes

1. Read the title and turn it into a question beginning with one of the following: who/what/when/where/how/why

2. Write the question on the card.

3. Skim and take notes (read quickly and only note the important points that will answer your question.

Be a Proud School Boy or GirlYou shouldn’t worry if students call you “school boy” or “school girl.” There are many reasons these titles should be worn with pride. In addition to feeling proud of yourself for receiving good grades, your parents will also be pleased. Other benefits include getting into a good college, where you will be able to meet other school boys and girls. This in turn makes getting a higher paying job easier. When other students tease you for doing well, just remind yourself that someday you will be able to tease them for not.

Question: Why should we be proud of being a school boy or girl?

1. will be proud about receiving good grades

2. parents will be pleased

4. get a higher paying job

3. Will get into a good college

How are scientists cooperating in space?

sharing their knowledge

nations joining forces to build and launch satellites

building space station for the benefit of all

new spirit of international cooperation

Question:

Notes:

1.

2.

3.

Dreams of Space, Page 100

What are dreams of space?

journeying into space

exploring the moon

landing on Mars or traveling to the stars

Question:

Notes:

1.

2.

3.

human and living creatures

astronauts with an outstanding ability and a scientific discipline

people who are mentally and physically fit

Space Travelers, Page 101

Who are the space travelers?

Question:

Notes:

1.

2.

3.

Astronauts at Work, Page 103

How do astronauts work?

check and maintain machines

do experiments inside and outside the spacecraft

deploy satellites or build new space stations

Question:

Notes:

1.

2.

3.

Space Stations, Page 104

What are space stations?

a space home for astronauts

a place where they carry out experiments

place where they make observations and collect valuable data

Space Exploration

Warm Ups

Compound Sentences

1. Dan and Tamara buy fishing poles, ______ they can go fishing.

2. Dan carries the canoe paddles, ____ Tamara brings the fishing poles.

3. It is too windy for fishing, _____ they can stop for a picnic.

so/ and/ but

Compound Sentences

Choose a coordinating conjunction to complete

each compound sentence.

or/ yet/ for

1. The riverbanks are rocky, _____ Jaasai and Cesar land safely.

2. The friends from 804 can go swimming, ______ they can keep paddling in the canoe.

3. In the canoe, the paddling is difficult, _____ it is very windy.

Think It Over

1. What do you think are the most important discoveries people have made about space? Explain your answer.

2. Lewis and Clark and the astronauts all had to prepare for their expeditions. How were their preparations alike? How were they different?

Think It Over Answers

1. The most important discoveries people have made about space are how to travel and live in space and how to use space technologies to improve life on Earth.

2. Lewis and Clark and the astronauts preparations are alike because they both gathered equipment and food. They are different because Lewis and Clark prepared for a changing environment and meeting people while astronauts prepared for weightlessness and confinement.

Active and Passive VerbsDay 1

Active- a verb is active if the subject performs the action.

Ex: Neil Armstrong walked on the moon. Astronauts explore outer space. The spacecraft orbits Earth.

These people/things are performing the actions.

Active

Active and Passive VerbsDay 1

Passive- a verb is passive if the subject does not perform the action.

Ex: Neil Armstrong was sent to the moon in

a spacecraft.

Astronauts are tethered to the spacecraft.

The spacecraft is launched from Earth.

Passive

Active and Passive Verbs

1. Many people are interested in outer space. ________

2. Rockets were designed to blast away from Earth. ________

3. In 1961, a person was sent into space for the first time. _______

4. Today, people want to learn more about space. ________

Active and Passive Verbs

Rewrite these sentences to put verbs in

the active voice.

1. The star was identified by Hans.

2. Food wrapping was discovered by scientists.

3. Chimps were taught to perform many human tasks.

Hans identified the star.

Scientists discovered food wrapping.

People taught chimps to perform many human tasks.

Action Verbs, Linking Verbs, Helping Verbs

• An action verb tells what the subject does.

Ex: Many people learn about space exploration.

• A linking verb connects the subject of a sentence to a word in the predicate.

Ex: A space station is a home in space.

Forms of linking verbs are be, appear, look, seem, is, are, and feel

Helping Verbs

• If a verb is made up of more than one verb, the last verb is the main verb. It shows the action. The verb that comes before it is a helping verb.

Ex: About 350 humans have traveled into space.

Main Verb:

Helping Verb: traveled

have

have haswaswill

Helping Verbs

Let’s do some practice!

Identify Verbs- Find each verb in this

paragraph. Tell what kind of verb it is.

Work outside a spacecraft looks dangerous. Sometimes the astronauts are tethered to the craft. Other times they wear an MMU.

Let’s do some more practice!

Write each sentence. Add a verb and write what kind it is.

1.Space research __________ helped our lives.

2.Bar code scanners _________ from space technology.

3.Thermal fabrics _________ space spin-offs.

4.Other inventions ___________ life easier.

has (helping verb)

are (linking verb)

are (linking verb)

make (action verb)

Verbs

Choose a verb to complete each

sentence. Tell what kind of verb you

used.

explore is have

1.Science fiction movies and TV programs ________ entertained people for decades.

2.Good science fiction _______ an inspiration.

3.They ___________ the universe.

have

is

explore

Prepositional Phrases

Prepositional phrases add details to

sentences. Prepositions can show location,

direction, and time. Some Prepositions

Location:aboveoverinbesidenext tobelow

Direction:upthroughacrossdownaroundinto

Time:beforeduringafteruntil

Others:fromatfor

Prepositional Phrases

Remember that prepositional phrases add

details to sentences!!!

Ex: The space shuttle travels through space.

Prepositional Phrase:

Ex: Astronauts perform important

experiments in the space station.

Prepositional Phrase:

through space

In the space station (shows location)

Prepositional Phrases

Ex: After the mission, scientists study the

astronaut’s reports.

Prepositional Phrase:

Ex: Engineers check the control panel

before take- off.

Prepositional Phrase:

after the mission

before take-off

Prepositional Phrases

Add prepositional phrases from the box to

the sentences.

1. Many workers left their jobs __________________.

2. There were not enough workers _______________.

3. Factory owners needed new workers ___________.

4. Factory owners bought train tickets ____________.

5. The northbound trains were filled ______________.

from the South during World War Ifor the new workers with these new workersin northern factories

during World War I

in northern factories

from the South

for the new workers

with these new workers

Prepositional Phrases

Add prepositional phrases from the following to

complete the sentences.

1.People wanted to move north ___________.

2.Railroad stations were crowded __________.

3.Men were going off to fight _____________.

4.Factory owners had to replace them ______.

before things got worse with immigrant families

in the war with new workersbefore things got worse

with immigrant families

in the war

with new workers