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Space and Security:

The Case of EU Satellite Centre

European ParliamentSubcommittee on Security and Defence

18 March 2010

European Union Satellite CentreEuropean Union Satellite CentreAb Astris Veritas

Tomaž LovrenčičDirectort.lovrencic@eusc.europa.eu

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““The Satellite Centre shall, in coherence The Satellite Centre shall, in coherence with the European Security Strategy, with the European Security Strategy, support the decisionsupport the decision--making of the making of the European UnionEuropean Union in the field of the in the field of the CFSP, in particular of the ESDP, CFSP, in particular of the ESDP, including European Union crisis including European Union crisis management operations, by providing, management operations, by providing, as appropriate, as appropriate, products resulting from products resulting from the analysis of satellite imagerythe analysis of satellite imagery and and collateral data, including aerial imagery, collateral data, including aerial imagery, and and related servicesrelated services..””

EUSC – An Autonomous European CapabilityEUSC – An Autonomous European Capability

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Operational Direction, Political SupervisionOperational Direction, Political Supervision

JA Art. 3: Political Supervision

The Political and Security Committee (PSC)will, in accordance with its responsibilities for CFSP and in particular for the ESDP, exercise political supervision over the activities of the Centre and issue guidance to the Secretary-General / High Representative on the Centre’s priorities.

JA Art. 4: Operational direction

1. The Secretary-General/High Representative shall give operational direction to the Centre, without prejudice to the responsibilities of the Board and of the Director of the Centre, respectively, as set out in this Joint Action.

2. In the execution of his tasks as set out in this Article, the Secretary General/High Representative shall report as appropriate and at least once every six months to the Political and Security Committee.

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Data Sources used by the EUSCData Sources used by the EUSC

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Main Satellite SensorsResolution and AvailabilityMain Satellite Sensors

Resolution and Availability

02/2010

Eros 1B

Formosat

Spot 5

Quickbird

0

0,5

1

1,5

2

2,5

3

3,5

4

4,5

5

5,5

6

6,5

7

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Launch Year

Res

olut

ion

(met

ers)

Terrasar-X

Radarsat 2

Ikonos

Eros 1A

2010 2011 2012

GeoEye 1 WorldView 2

Rapid Eye 1 - 5

GovernmentalSatellite ImageryGovernmentalSatellite Imagery

Helios 2Helios 2Helios 1aHelios 1a Pleiades 1Pleiades 1 Pleiades 2Pleiades 2

CosmoCosmo--SkyMed 1 to 3SkyMed 1 to 3

SARSAR--Lupe 1 to 5Lupe 1 to 5

CosmoCosmo--SkyMed 4SkyMed 4Helios 2BHelios 2B

Cosmo SkyMed 1 to 3Kompsat 2

WorldView 1Pleiades 1

GeoEye 2Eros 1C

TanDEM-X

Cosmo SkyMed 4

Pleiades 2

Spot 6

GMES(Sentinels)

ENVISAT

LandSat

EOS ASTER

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Main European Satellite SensorsResolution and Availability

Main European Satellite SensorsResolution and Availability

02/2010

Spot 5

0

0,5

1

1,5

2

2,5

3

3,5

4

4,5

5

5,5

6

6,5

7

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Launch Year

Res

olut

ion

(met

ers)

Terrasar-X

2010 2011 2012

Rapid Eye 1 - 5

GovernmentalSatellite ImageryGovernmentalSatellite Imagery

Helios 2Helios 2Helios 1aHelios 1a Pleiades 1Pleiades 1 Pleiades 2Pleiades 2

CosmoCosmo--SkyMed 1 to 3SkyMed 1 to 3

SARSAR--Lupe 1 to 5Lupe 1 to 5

CosmoCosmo--SkyMed 4SkyMed 4Helios 2BHelios 2B

Cosmo SkyMed 1 to 3

TanDEM-X

Pleiades 1

Cosmo SkyMed 4

Pleiades 2

Spot 6

GMES(Sentinels)

ENVISAT

34

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Optical vs. Radar ComparisonOptical vs. Radar Comparison

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System Legal Status Technical connection

Operational status Classification

Hélios MoU signed and implemented

Data transfer via Spanish Hélios centre near EUSC

OperationalImagery received and processed; products distributed

CONFIDENTIEL UE

COSMO-SkyMed

MoU signed; application agreement close to signature

Separate data link to be established

OperationalDual use: commercial imagery already in use, military imagery expected soon

CONFIDENTIEL UE

SAR-Lupe Letter of Intent signed; MoU close to signature

Separate data link to be established

OperationalNearing first EUSC use

SECRET UE

Pleiades Discussions forthcoming

Data transfer via Spanish Hélios centre

Awaiting launchend-2010

CONFIDENTIEL UE

Governmental Imagery StatusGovernmental Imagery StatusGovernmental Imagery Status

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Civil Missions Achieved Missions/Operations

Military operations Planned Missions/Operations

Other Missions:EUMM (EU Monitoring Mission, Occidental Balkans)EUSR Border Teams Moldavia/Ukraine and Georgia/South Caucasus

>>

>>

> EU Support to AMIS IISudan/DarfurEffective: 31 Civil and 20 Military

> EUFOR Tchad/RCA

> EUSEC RD CongoEffective: 40

> EUPOL KinshasaRD Congo2005-2007

> EUFOR RD CongoRD Congo 2006Effective: 2300 > EUPOL

RD CongoEffective: 39

> EUPMBosnia - HerzegovinaEffective: 182

> EUJUST THEMISGeorgia 2004-2005

> EUFOR ALTHEABosnia - HerzegovinaEffective: 2500 (after transition)

> EUPOL PROXIMAFormer Yugoslav republic of Macedonia (FYROM)2004-2005

> EUPATFormer Yugoslav republic of Macedonia (FYROM)2006

>

>

>

>

>

>>

> > EU NAVFOR Somalia

EUPOL AFGHANISTANPolice Mission, Effective: 160

EUJUST LEXIraq/BrusselsEffective: 65

KOSOVO – EUPTPlanning Team (Effective: 100) for the future mission ESDP “Rule of Law”

EUBAM RafahPalestine territoriesEffective: 65

EUPOL COPPSPalestine territoriesEffective: 31

ARTEMISRD Congo 2003Effective: 1800

AMM Monitoring MissionAceh/Indonesia

CONCORDIAFormer Yugoslav republic of Macedonia (FYROM)2003

EU Missions & Operations

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Tasking Overview 2009Tasking Overview 2009New Tasks received during 2009 (Jan/Dec) by requester

10

15

20

25

5

Tasks LOIs

EUMS Commission CPCC SITCEN EUFOR ATALANTA

Training GMES Member States UNMONUC

30

8 83 5221 1721

90

28 3032 324 720 29

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EUSC Budget in fixed 2000 EurosEUSC Budget in fixed 2000 Euros

20002001

20022003

20042005

20062007

20082009

2010 (Proposal)

S1

8.950.552

8.847.560

8.678.0168.673.401

8.729.358

9.142.801

8.872.018

8.795.9838.790.960

8.615.171

8.658.718

0

1.000.000

2.000.000

3.000.000

4.000.000

5.000.000

6.000.000

7.000.000

8.000.000

9.000.000

10.000.000

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IN2010Increasing mismatch: shrinking operational budget

vs. growing operational task loadIncreasing mismatch: shrinking operational budget

vs. growing operational task loadOPERATIONAL COSTS EXPENDITURE

Comparison Nominal expenditure vs Deflated expenditure

4.371.049

4.177.300

3.496.000

2.948.071

3.649.983

3.353.798

3.320.039

3.329.022

3.476.205

3.467.950

3.557.512

2.591.601

2.658.0832.548.650

2.640.541

2.721.880

3.038.296

3.199.961

3.918.099

4.204.949

4.223.236

1.500.000

2.000.000

2.500.000

3.000.000

3.500.000

4.000.000

4.500.000

5.000.000

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

Nominal expenditure

Deflated expenditure(Year 2000 Eur)

1

2002

400

500

22 38 23 49 67 65 127 116

Tasking evolution

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Support for EU Operations:

Chad

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IN2010Support to EUFOR TCHAD - Example of product

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Support for EU Operations:

EU NAVFOR Somalia

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Support to Atalanta Support to Atalanta -- Example of productExample of product

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17

Global Monitoring for Environment and Security: Port-Au-Prince International Airport

Global Monitoring for Environment and Security: Port-Au-Prince International Airport

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Space Situational AwarenessSpace Situational Awareness

• A Security Project with a European Dimension• Sensitive Data to be handled• EUSC is mandated to follow the project together with ESA• Who will operate such a system when it will be established?

The Problem:• 13.000 objects in the Radar Catalogue (many larger than 5 cm) • Of these only ca. 500 active satellites• Ca. 5 million pieces of orbiting debris

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European UnionTreaty on the European Union

(TEU)

II

Common Foreign and Security PolicyArt. 11 - 28 TEU

Intergovernmental Cooperation

III

Cooperation in Justice and Home Affairs

Art. 29 - 42 TEU

Intergovernmental Cooperation

European Communities

I

EURATOM

European Economic Community

Supranational Communities

Lisbon TreatyExternal Action Service ?

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CouncilCommission

The EUSC and the European External ActionThe EUSC and the European External Action

EEAS

OHQsEUMS

SitCen CMPD

CPCC EUSC

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EUSC development outlookEUSC development outlook Kiruna debateKiruna debate (Board discussion about EUSC strategy in 3/2009)(Board discussion about EUSC strategy in 3/2009)

Prepare EUSC to satisfy growing user demands determined by Prepare EUSC to satisfy growing user demands determined by expanding EUexpanding EU´́s foreign and security policy agenda, by e.g.:s foreign and security policy agenda, by e.g.:

oo Optimizing EU intelligence cycleOptimizing EU intelligence cycle and data fusion capabilities, and data fusion capabilities, esp. related to the esp. related to the European External Action ServiceEuropean External Action Service ((EEASEEAS))

oo Assessing and Assessing and updating EUSC governance modelupdating EUSC governance model to to intensify interaction with PSC as well as Member Statesintensify interaction with PSC as well as Member States

oo Simplifying tasking processSimplifying tasking process to improve responsiveness to to improve responsiveness to operational needs as well as highoperational needs as well as high--level political decision making level political decision making

oo Assessing EUSC role within security dimension of Assessing EUSC role within security dimension of Global Monitoring for Environment and Security programme (GMES)Global Monitoring for Environment and Security programme (GMES)

The EEAS opens new opportunities for direct EUSC interaction with PSC / Member States and intensified support to EU missions and operations

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Thank you for your attention!

Tomaž LovrenčičDirectorEuropean Union Satellite CentreBase Aérea de TorrejónE-28850 Torrejón de Ardoz/Madride: t.lovrencic@eusc.europa.eut: +34 91 678 6001, f:+34 91 678 6006