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()

[He] 2s2

[Ne] 3s2

[Ar] 4s2

[Kr] 5s2

[Xe] 6s2

[Rn] 7s2Usama El-Ayaan

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2

Be (Beryllium)

Atom

Mg (Magnesium) AtomUsama El-Ayaan

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--

.Diagonalrelationship

..

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Diagonal Relationships

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(nm)

Li 0.152 Be 0.112

Na 0.186 Mg 0.160K 0.231 Ca 0.197

Rb 0.244 Sr 0.215

Cs 0.262 Ba 0.217

Fr 0.270 Ra 0.220

Li

Fr

Be

Ra

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10 20 30 40 50 60

250

500

750

1000

1250Be

Mg

Ca

SrBa

LiNa K Rb

Cs

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-.

(Hydration Energy)

.

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GroupI

1stI.E. 2ndI.E.

Li 519 7300Na 494 4560

K 418 3070

Rb 402 2370

Cs 376 2420

GroupII

1st I.E. 2nd I.E. 3rd I.E.

Be 900 1760 14800

Mg 736 1450 7740

Ca 590 1150 4940

Sr 548 1060 4120

Ba 502 966 3390

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-600

-300

Li+ Na+ K+ Rb+ Cs+ Be2+ Mg2+ Ca2+ Sr2+ Ba2+

-2250

-2000

-1750

-1500

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beryl: 3BeOAl2O36SiO2

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.:

CaSO4.2H2O gypsum

()

limestone CaCO3-

dolomite CaCO3.MgCO3

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1-

.

M (s) + 2 H2O (l) M(OH)2 + H2 (g) M = Ca, Sr, Ba

2-

MOBeO()()

: BeO +H

2O+ 2 OH-Be (OH)

4

-2

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MgO, BeO

CaOBaO, SrO

MO + H2O M(OH)2 (M = Ca, Sr, Ba)

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3-

(Be) MH2.

LiAlH4.

2BeCl2 + LiAlH4 BeH2 + LiCl + AlCl3

.

CaH2, SrH2, BaH2().

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4-MX2

BeCl2

.

()

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.

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5-M3N2

3M (s) + N2 (g) M3N2 (s)

6-(Be)MC2

2-

(C=C)

CaC2 + H2O Ca(OH)2+ HCCH

Be2C

BeC2.Usama El-Ayaan

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..

MgO(

).

CaCO3CaOCaCl2

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.

.

.Be2CAl4C3

.

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BeCl2 + 4H2O [Be(H2O)4]2+ + 2 Cl-

2+ +(H2O)3-BeOH2 (H2O)3-Be-OH + H

+

Usama El-Ayaan