soybeans from fiskeby, sweden - a potential source...
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SOYBEANS FROM FISKEBY, SWEDEN - A POTENTIAL SOURCE OF TOLERANCE GENES FOR OZONE AND A BROAD RANGE OF
ABIOTIC STRESSES
Authors: Kent O. Burkey 1, Amy Burton 1, Thomas E. Carter, Jr. 2, James Orf 3
1USDA-ARS Plant Science Research Unit, 3127 Ligon Street, Raleigh, NC, 27607 USA [email protected], [email protected]
2USDA-ARS Soybean & Nitrogen Fixation Research Unit, Raleigh, NC, 27607 USA [email protected]
3Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108 USA [email protected]
Soybean is an ozone-sensitive crop Fishman et al. 2010 Atmospheric Environment 44: 2248-2256
•Modeled ambient ozone and soybean yield in the mid-west USA during 2002-2006 and provided evidence for 10% yield loss under current conditions •Supported conclusions of NCLAN (open-top chambers) studies •Identified need for ozone-tolerant cultivars, particularly in view of SoyFACE studies that predict an additional 20% yield loss by 2050 in a scenario with rising ambient ozone levels
Improving crop tolerance to ozone stress – where to start? • Breeding programs selecting for yield will over time enhance
ozone tolerance, but improvement may be small if working with a narrow genetic base (which is often the case for practical reasons)
• Screen a broader genetic base for ozone response to identify sources of tolerance genes, then use breeding techniques to move these genes into adapted cultivars
Fiskeby III
PI88788
Low Ozone Control
Six days 75 ppb Ozone
Thirty soybean ancestors representing 92% of the genetic base in North American soybean were screened for ozone tolerance in the greenhouse.
(Burkey and Carter 2009 Field Crops Research 111:207-217)
Selected Plant Introductions
Common Name Ozone Foliar Injury (%)
PI 438477 Fiskeby 840-7-3 5
PI 438471 Fiskeby III 9
PI 548352 Jogun 13
PI 548311 Capital 26
PI 548379 Mandarin (Ottawa) 40
PI 88788 [SCN resistance]
49
Fiskeby soybeans •Developed in Sweden •Used in Canada as source of cold tolerance •Not a significant contributor to pedigree of US soybeans
Fiskeby tolerant to a broad range of abiotic stresses • Salt (Tommy Carter) •Aluminum (Tommy Carter) •Drought (Jim Orf) •Iron deficiency chlorosis (Jim Orf)
Fiskeby soybeans as a source of tolerance to a diverse set of abiotic stresses
Formation of the “Fiskeby” team
Testing the relationship between foliar injury and yield using open-top chambers
Relationship between ozone-induced foliar injury and yield in soybean ancestors
“Fiskeby” genotypes vary in ozone response
Fiskeby III (tolerant) x Mandarin Ottawa (sensitive) (2005-2006)
Mapping population of 240 random inbred lines (RILs) (2007-2009)
Map tolerance genes for five abiotic stress factors and investigate potential linkages
Progress (2010-2012) Completed assay of RILs for 1500 DNA markers (SNPs) Completed screening of RILs for ozone in Raleigh greenhouse CSTRs Completed salt screening of RILs in Raleigh greenhouses Initiated hydroponic aluminum screening of RILs in NC State Phytotron Initiated screening of RILs for drought and iron deficiency chlorosis in field plots
Future Directions Mapping Project
•Map abiotic stress tolerance genes to specific chromosome regions •Look for potential cross tolerance genes for five stress factors
Candidate Gene Identification (Dr. Jessica Schlueter, UNC-Charlotte)
•Compare gene expression patterns using high throughput RNA sequencing with mapping to the Williams 82 genome (ozone experiments underway) •Look for gene expression in chromosome regions associated with DNA markers from the mapping project
Cultivar Development
•Move Fiskeby stress tolerance genes into adapted, high-yielding cultivars •Potential to combine Fiskeby tolerance genes with other unique stress tolerant germplasm (drought)
Some final thoughts and conclusions… •Fiskeby soybeans appear to be a unique source of tolerance to a broad range of abiotic stresses. •Mapping population is showing a wide range of response for ozone, salt, iron deficiency chlorosis, and drought so there is potential to identify chromosome regions associated with tolerance to each of these stress factors. •The “Fiskeby” team of plant physiologists and plant breeders is an example of the benefits from diverse disciplines working together to address complex problems such as adaptation of crops to climate change.
Funding Sources