2

Contents

Contents ............................................................................................................................................................ 2

Acronyms ........................................................................................................................................................... 3

1. Reflections ................................................................................................................................................. 4

2. Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................... 6

2.1. Notes on the Review Process ........................................................................................................ 7

2.2. Big Picture Results ......................................................................................................................... 7

3. Real World Context .................................................................................................................................... 8

4. Key Outcomes and Recommendations ...................................................................................................... 9

5. Summarised Review................................................................................................................................. 11

6. Responding to the TOR in more depth. ................................................................................................... 12

7. Strengthening CEAGI Fisheries Strategy Delivery .................................................................................... 14

ANNEXES .......................................................................................................................................................... 18

ANNEX 1: Proposed Internal Exchange Schedule ............................................................................................ 19

ANNEX 2: Proposed External Schedule ........................................................................................................... 20

ANNEX 1: The Visits in Detail ........................................................................................................................... 21

Part 1. Engaging with Civil Society Organizations on Oceanic Fisheries Management - Lessons from the

Pacific Islands. ............................................................................................................................. 21

Part 2. Solomon Islands – Forum Fisheries Agency ................................................................................. 22

Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Resources - Chris Ramofafia, Permanent Secretary. .......................... 23

Meeting with WMPO Management in Moresby ..................................................................................... 24

Part 3. Legaspi, Tiwi Municipality and Sugod Village, Philippines ........................................................... 24

Part 4. Dr Jose Ingles and Katherine Short to CEA Marine Strategy Review in Dar Es Salaam and field

visit to Zanzibar Fish Market. ................................................................................................................... 24

ANNEX 2. Story - WWF South to South Internal Peer Review and Exchange ................................................. 25

ANNEX 3. Terms of Reference ......................................................................................................................... 27

ANNEX 4. Visit Schedule .................................................................................................................................. 31

ANNEX 5. Participant Biographies ................................................................................................................... 33

ANNEX 6. Monsoon Dialogues......................................................................................................................... 35

3

Acronyms

ABNJ Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction

AIPCE European Fish Producers Association

CDS Catch Documentation Scheme

CEAGI Coastal East Africa Global Initiative

CORDIO Coastal Oceans Research and Development in the Indian Ocean

CSO Civil Society Organisation

CTGI Coral Triangle Global Initiative

DANIDA Danish Government Aid Agency

EAWS East African Wildlife Society

EEZ Exclusive Economic Zone

FFA Forum Fisheries Agency

GAA Government Aid Agency

HMAS Her Majesty’s Australian Ship

IGO Inter-governmental Organisation

IO Indian Ocean

IOTC Indian Ocean Tuna Commission

IUCN International Union for the Conservation of Nature

ISSF International Seafood Sustainability Foundation

MCS Monitoring, Control and Surveillance

MFARMC Municipal Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Management Committee

MOU Memorandum of Understanding

MSG Melanesian Spearhead Group

MTI Market Transformation Initiative

MWIOPO Madagascar and Western Indian Ocean Programme Office

PO Programme Office

PIF Pacific Island Forum

PNA Parties to the Nauru Agreement

PNG Papua New Guinea

PPTST Partnership Programme Towards Sustainable Tuna

RFMO Regional Fisheries Management Organisation

RFSC Regional Fisheries Surveillance Centre

SIDA Swedish International Development Agency

SIMFMR Solomon Islands Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Resources

SFI Smart Fishing Initiative

SHG Shareholder Group

SPPO South Pacific Programme Office

SWIOFC South West Indian Ocean Fisheries Commission

TCC Technical Conservation Committee

TUFAK Kenya Tuna Fisheries Advocacy Network

WCPFC Western Central Pacific Fisheries Commission

WIOMSA Western Indian Ocean Marine Sciences Association

WMPO Western Melanesian Programme Office

NB: this report is accompanied by a powerpoint presentation of photos, maps, and explanatory

diagrams.

4

1. Reflections

These reflections were written after the Philippines field trip by participants.

Domingos: It was really very good meeting you all. Now I feel

part of a larger group and mainly that my thoughts, which I usually

thought were from a newcomer and, therefore, more salty or sweeter than

expected, are after all part of WWF thinking. This made me more secure

and firm in working for this organization. Thank you all for this and

please let’s keep more and more together. I know the work will always try

to separate us, but we should consciously try to be together, not only for

the benefit of our work, but mainly for the achievement of the WWF

goals.

Edward: I would like to take this time to sincerely thank all of you, in

particular Jingles for allowing us the opportunity to learn from the tuna

project, as well as interact with your staff and the stakeholders.

Katherine, thanks for making the trip happen, you put in a lot more effort

to ensure that we have the necessary briefing and documentation for the

trip. Seremaia, you had to make sure that our trip to Solomon Island is a

success. Mark, it was nice meeting you, we have a lot to do together in

your programme. I’m quite confident that the peer review is going to be mutually beneficial to the

CTI and CEAI fisheries programmes.

Seremaia: This first “south-south tour de tuna” has been quite an

enriching experience, in particular the face to face meetings and

discussions among the group. I started my S2S experience with a visit to

WWF CEA (Tanzania) where I not only shared our CSO engagement

experience at WWF SPPO but where I also learned about the engagement

among WWF CEA, CSOs, IGOs and the Ministries of Fisheries from the

region represented by their Directors. Seeing them in the same room at

the end of a 3-day workshop and agreeing to work together on fisheries

management and conservation issues was quite an eye-opener. The

workshops were organized by WWF CEA and the participation of the

countries and the nature of the discussions reflected to me the high regard

and respect that the participants have for the WWF CEA staff and the work that they are doing.

Domingos and Edward – I believe that there will be an opportunity to visit the FFA. I'm

sorry you weren't able to make the trip to the Solomon Islands, however, the goodwill that has been

built with them should augur well for further visits. There were a number of contributing factors

that hindered your ability to travel to Honiara and these are important learning lessons logistically.

Thank you sincerely for hosting me during my brief attendance at the CSO workshop in Dar Es

Salaam.

Mark – great to finally meet you, and I look forward to continued discussions on common

offshore fisheries concerns.

Jingles and Adon – it was great to experience first-hand what the FIP is about and where

you plan to see it go. And to be able to share a meal of boiled fresh tuna, tuna soup, and kinilaw

(raw fish dish) with the Sugod fishing community was very special.

Katherine – thank you for being the “glue” and for facilitating this first S2S tour de tuna.

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Mark: To my new S2S colleagues: Katherine, Jingles, Seremaia, Edward and Domingos, I want to

thank you and the rest of the WWF Phils team for such wonderfully powerful experience and

knowledge exchange! It was really great to meet you all and learn more about your regional

situations and challenges.

I look forward to working with you all in the future and

sharing/participating where ever and whenever possible. I feel, through

this experience, we were able to set a sound foundation upon which we can

build and work to enhance each of our respective programs. Through this

team synergy and unity, we stand to create a strong force for sustainable

use, conservation and equity across our oceanic regions.

I feel my colleagues back home think I had “too much” fun). Truth is, it

was a wonderful and fun journey! However my smile, (still smiling), is

due to the combination of the fun we had talking together, but more

importantly the feeling of admiration and inspiration instilled in me from

this new S2S team network!

Thanks again Katherine, Seremaia Edward, Domingo and Jingl es for this incredible

induction into WWF and wonderful work you all did to make this S2S function such a super

success!; )

Jingles: What this S2S team did was the building of a team spirit between

and amongst us, with Mark Schreffler, Edward and Domingos, Seremaia,

Adon, Katherine. This few days together allowed us to interact, think and

created a solid foundation and agreement how we want to work together in

the future, looking at Indian and Pacific oceans as a venue for this

cooperation.

Thanks a lot to Peter, Lida, Jackie and, of course, to you, Katherine,

whose enthusiasm continued all throughout the trip. Saying it was a great

trip is surely an understatement.

Katherine: This was one of the most fulfilling weeks of my WWF

conservation career. From the oldest colleague, Jingles to the newest Mark,

I am proud to be able to support this team to do more powerful fisheries

conservation work. Elisabeth, Peter and Lida’s vision in trusting us to

make South to South happen was highly motivating and inspirational and

extending this to external networks is challenging and exciting. How

everyone pulled together to overcome the challenges involved in making

this happen was terrific and showed that a group of truly committed

professionals, who know the value, skills and ideas that we each can bring

– when together was excellent. Thank you all for making this possible and for your commitment to

using what we’ve developed so far and to building the next round!

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2. Executive Summary

WF recently conducted an intensive internal peer review and capacity building exercise,

themed S2S (South 2 South), suggested by WWF Denmark and the CEA NI leader to

review the fisheries strategies of WWF’s Coastal East Africa Initiative and to lay a

foundation for network knowledge exchange from the Indian through to the South

Pacific ocean regions. WWF Denmark’s thematic programme funded by DANIDA (the Danish Aid

Agency) provides funding support to the Coastal East Africa Initiative and also supported this

exchange. Rather than hiring external consultants, an internal staff exchange was designed to

conduct the review and build capacity. Although WWF Western Melanesian Programme Office

(WMPO) was not originally included, given one capacity building visit was to the Forum Fisheries

Agency in the Solomon Islands, (within the WMPO Regional Tuna Fisheries Project), and that the

position was filled in time, the relevant officer, Mr Mark Schreffler was included.

The review was conducted through four staff peer review exchanges:

1. Pacific Lessons in Building Civil Society Organisation Sustainable Fisheries Awareness

- Mr Seremaia Tuqiri, Fisheries Programme Officer, WWF South Pacific Programme Office

contributed to the CEA Civil Society Organisation fisheries awareness raising capacity

building workshop in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. (October 2011)

2. Building Staff Capacity about Monitoring, Control and Surveillance and

understanding the Solomon Island Context - Seremaia, Mr Mark Schreffler, Fisheries

Officer, WWF WMPO and Katherine Short, S2S Facilitator, visited the Forum Fisheries

Agency’s Regional Fisheries Surveillance Centre in Honiara and met the Permanent

Secretary of the Solomon Island Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Resources Dr Chris

Ramofafia. (November 2011)

3. Tuna Handline Project Field Site Visit - Seremaia, Mark and Katherine joined the Head of

CEA’s Marine Programme, Mr Domingos Gove, the CEA Fisheries Officer, Mr Edward

Kimakwa and Dr Jose (Jingles) Ingles, Coral Triangle Tuna Strategy Leader in the

Philippines and travelled to Legaspi City to visit a field project. Joe Pres Gaudiano (Adon),

Project Manager hosted this along with the local WWF team and facilitated to visits to the

Partnership Programme Towards Sustainable Tuna (PPTST) in Sugod village, a field site

tuna handline fishery participating in a supply chain funded fishery improvement project.

This is co-funded from a range of sources including WWF Denmark. Meetings were also

held with the Mayor Villanueva of Tiwi and the local Municipal Fisheries and Aquatic

Resources Management Council (MFARMC) (November 2011).

4. CEAGI Marine Strategies Review and Fish Market Field Visit - Katherine Short and Dr

Jose Ingles participated in the CEAGI Marine Strategies Review designed to get bottom up

and top down integration of the national, regional and international WWF fisheries and

marine conservation strategies. This was followed by 1.5 days of detailed discussions with

W

7

the CEAGI core marine team (including 1 day with MWIOPO) as well as a field visit to

Zanzibar – see fish market visit below. (February 2012)

2.1. Notes on the Review Process

S2S is an exchange to review sustainable fisheries strategies, including sustainable seafood

tools. Whilst clearly within a marine conservation context, this exercise is not a full marine

strategy review.

The Terms of Reference specified a 20 page report reviewing each Initiative. A compiled

report has been produced to better reflect the shared review and learning process.

Furthermore, as both the external and internal fisheries strategy and management situations

in South East Asia and the Western Pacific are more advanced than the Western Indian

Ocean, more emphasis fell on reviewing the CEAGI fisheries strategies.

Coastal East Africa programme field site review visits were not possible due to the limited

time availability of key staff and especially the workload of the CEAGI team.

At the inception of this review, the full, February, CEAGI/MWIOPO marine strategy review

meeting was not foreseen. The review enabled this meeting to occur, country programme

marine staff to meet for the first time and briefly introduced the country programmes to

review participants - which can be built on in future.

Without effective WWF global marine programme communications, it has become

necessary to develop alternative network sharing and communication fora. S2S is providing

this crucial service. The challenge is to translate this investment into stronger conservation

delivery in both regions.

This report is a summary only and considerably more detailed notes were taken and

provided to participants.

2.2. Big Picture Results

Key shared goals identified through this South to South Exchange include:

1. Seeking greater fisheries sustainability

2. Meaningfully incorporating social justice

3. Grounding our work in local political and governance contexts

4. Building in triple bottom line measures

5. Facilitating and supporting government and industry exchange

6. Using Market Incentives

7. Internal exchange and sharing

8. Fostering and building capacity for WWF network policy leadership on pertinent regional

fisheries issues.

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3. Real World Context

he connections across the Indian Ocean and through South East Asia reach back millennia

as seafarers voyaged trading spices, fish and textiles. Fishing vessels continue to come to

the rich waters of the Western Indian Ocean to fish from both North and South East Asia as

well as from Europe. Vessels from these countries (Japan, Korea, Taiwan/Chinese Taipei,

China, the US, Spain and France) as well as a range of others under different flags also fish in the

Western Pacific. Thus today, there are parallel challenges to fisheries management and sustainable

livelihoods, as well as conservation and sustainable management opportunities in both the Western

Central Pacific and Western Indian Oceans. This especially relates to tuna fisheries and the

increasing need and desire of the nations in whose waters the fish occur, to benefit more from their

fisheries resources.

WWF recognizes these connections through this programme of exchange between staff from as far

afield as Fiji, the Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Indonesia, Madagascar and Tanzania we aim to

learn, share and scale up conservation delivery. Given the successful internal exchanges developed

to date, we are scoping whether to extend this to leaders in fisheries management in government,

civil society organisations committed to justice, equity and sustainability and responsible, legitimate

seafood business actors.

These, primarily tuna fisheries resources have been heavily fished for several decades by mostly

distant water fleets. Some of these distant water fleets are subsidised and WWF is endeavouring to

get to the bottom of this in several regions and countries relevant to the Indian Ocean including

CEA, China and Indonesia. Furthermore, Indonesia is seeking increased fishing opportunities in the

Indian Ocean, especially after the Tsunami. In the Western Central Pacific, a political grouping

known as the Parties to the Nauru Agreement (PNA) (Federated States of Micronesia, Kiribati,

Marshall Islands Nauru, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands and Tuvalu), began a process

several years ago to start to tip the scales in their favour. They have set in train a number of

significant political, technical and financial measures to secure greater returns from their tuna

resources as well as to begin to address the significant fisheries management challenges that are

present. This involves scaling up their efforts to encourage the relevant Regional Fisheries

Management Organisation (RFMO), the Western Central Pacific Fisheries Commission (WCPFC)

to improve its management of these resources also. In concrete terms, this is resulting in a

significantly increased price per day for any industrialised vessels to fish for tuna in their waters.

Although WWF acknowledges there are significant regional political, geographic and economic

differences between these regions, a fundamental similarity exists. This is that these Western

Pacific countries and those of the Western Indian Ocean want and need to secure the resources

within their EEZ’s and to influence the development and sustainability of fishing on the high seas –

a critical element not to be ignored. This is also a case of nations seeking to self-determination over

their fisheries resources and by doing so, securing the maximum return from the efficient,

sustainable and controlled management of these important fisheries.

T

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Today, far from being an uncaring distant actor, the market and the many actors within it, are a

major driving force and supportive tool for the sustainable management of fisheries resources.

There are major buyers who explicitly support the right of countries to determine how the benefits

of sustainable fisheries are domesticated i.e. the value from sustainably managed fisheries returns to

the country where it’s caught.

Recently, the largest skipjack tuna fishery in the world was successfully certified by the Marine

Stewardship Council (MSC). This is under the framework of the PNA and recognises the significant

steps they have taken in the last 3-4 years to modernise the relevant tuna fisheries management

frameworks. Although a lot remains to be done within the PNA and at the WCPFC, the MSC

provides an independent, transparent and supportive mechanism to encourage this. Furthermore,

through the process of certification, they have gained confidence to exert greater collective strength

to bring the negotiations with the United States over the US Multi-lateral Treaty (for tuna) onto a

playing field that first serves the region and the sustainability of the fish.

4. Key Outcomes and Recommendations

4.1. Along with team building, sharing of common issues and work programme review, key

internal challenges were identified. Most importantly these regional/on-the-ground programmes

need to exert stronger policy positions in network fisheries discussions, notably with the Smart

Fishing and Market Transformation Initiatives. This is crucial to successfully establish and

deliver the network’s entire Indian and Pacific Ocean Tuna strategies. There are significant

fisheries management improvement objectives shared by the CEA, CT, SF and MT Global

Initiatives. These shared goals need to be restated (reducing overcapacity and overfishing,

managing bycatch, and using MSC) to identify the few areas where more subtle interpretation

is needed for the regional contexts. This requires returning to consider the principles of

conservation and sustainable development, fairness and equity and their different relevance in

each region. This needs to take account of the afore described changing global politics and how

this will affect key seafood sector actors in Europe and North America in particular.

4.2. Common issues SPPO, WMPO and CEAGI note to ensure greater conservation delivery in

partnership with the SFI/MTI are:

a. The new SFI/MTI funded RFMO coordinators must fully integrate with the immediate

local teams as well as regionally and internationally – top-down approaches will risk local

external relationships and workplan success.

b. The need to improve day to day work practices of SFI on tuna to fully mainstream the

existing local knowledge, experience and existing, approved work programmes.

Repeatedly raised in 2011, this is now urgent and important.

c. With the Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction (ABNJ) project approval, as well as other

proposals and proposal opportunities, we must quickly raise the levels of trust, comfort and

efficiency in the network – especially in order to continue to raise funding.

d. If the above issues are addressed, the new RFMO coordinator resources will provide

excellent ‘meeting ground’ for the international and regional work allowing the regional

10

programmes to focus on more effectively mobilizing regional countries in fisheries

management.

4.3. Monitor and manage 1. more closely through establishing a South to South Leaders Forum

including the heads of CT, CEA, WMPO and SPPO (respectively: Lida Pet-Soede, Peter

Scheren, Neil Stronach and Kesaia Tabunakawai) to strengthen this collaboration, assert policy

leadership and ensure coherent input to the SFI SHG – Lida is a member.

4.4. Sustain this S2S platform to enable continual coherence and synergy across related work

programmes. We are increasing the frequency of communication between these teams and a

newsletter article and powerpoint presentation have been prepared. A draft exchange schedule

has been designed and proposed to continue the internal exchange and to establish an external

exchange process, initially called the Tour de Tuna and renamed Monsoon Dialogues.

4.5. To strengthen the CEAGI programme:

a. Ground the offshore fisheries work in domestic contexts through fisheries improvement

sustainable livelihood work and CSO engagement,

b. Enable Fisheries Director capacity building through exchange with the Western Pacific,

c. Scale up CSO engagement to support 4a. and build capacity for CSO engagement in

domestic and regional fisheries policy, and,

d. Scale up CEAGIs seafood business engagement and capacity to use WWF network

sustainable seafood intelligence (e.g. Pescanova in Mozambique and ISSF members

regionally).

4.6. To strengthen the CTGI:

a. Enable key staff (Dr Jose Ingles) to actively mentor colleagues on technical tuna fisheries

and sustainability innovation (allocate time in FY13 workplan),

b. Support WMPO to facilitate elements of the Monsoon Dialogues with the PNA, and,

c. Ensure continual exchange between these offices on especially civil society experience and

seafood business engagement.

N.B –these are specifics new areas to strengthen and/or consider and assume that they would be

built on normal use of the WWF sustainable fisheries and seafood fisher toolbox including

strengthening fisheries management and policy.

11

5. Summarised Review

Review Questions Our Response

These are brief summaries of the detailed discussion of the key Terms of Reference themes.

5.1 Design: are the

strategies (including

the methodological

approaches and

organisational/partn

ership

arrangements)

appropriate to

achieve their

objectives?

Yes: each team using WWF tools: policy, seafood business engaging,

events, political fora. Programmes have clear, different strengths i.e.

Coral Triangle: most advanced across most aspects: created

Coral Triangle Initiative (intergovernmental), Seafood Savers,

innovating with seafood business: Tuna Think Tank: business,

government, NGO and bringing in science and academia.

WWF SPPO: depth in community service organisation

engagement across broad region, culturally, geographically,

politically. Significant experience at WCPFC (tuna governance).

CEAGI: important new work re. understanding tuna economics

and value and bringing that information into political fora

domestically and regionally.

Each programme wants to learn from each other. More use needed of

formal partnerships, especially seafood business via. MOUs & using

milestones and policy collaboration in regional and international for a

5.2 Implementation: what progress has

been made in

implementing the

strategies? In

particular, what are

the successes,

weaknesses and

lessons learned?

Overall these offices are advancing tuna conservation. Significant

advance across the board with PNA Skipjack Tuna fishery MSC

certification. Conditions robust and strengthened by ISSF objection.

WMPO led, supported by WWF CTGI & SPPO engaging PNA re.

implementing conditions and relevant political fora (CTI, MSG, PIF,

WCPFC) support. Will generate significant interest in tuna fisheries

seeking MSC certification and WWF will be asked: ‘how to’.

Relevant for CEAGI & SPPO re. Maldives skipjack and Fiji

Albacore seeking MSC .

Although clearly aligned elements with SFI/MTI, there remain some

key weaknesses including confusion and lack of agreed agenda

between the regional and international tuna fisheries programmes.

5.3 Way forward:

what

recommendations

can be identified to

improve the

effectiveness of

delivery of the

strategies and their

implementation,

including

opportunities for

future collaboration

between the two

GIs?

The two new RFMO coordinators, funded by SFGI/MTGI (SIDA

money) placed in SPPO and the Seychelles (under MWIOPO)

should greatly improve this.

Field offices need moral and capacity support to take a more

assertive leadership position around key points of policy and the

strategic tactics that need to be employed to deliver conservation

wins.

Targeted policy development around food security, livelihoods and

using the domestication of the value from tuna to improve marine

health is urgent and important. The SD4C network needs to urgently

support/facilitate this.

Focussed seafood business engagement capacity support (training,

analyses, meeting businesses) needed in CEA and SPPO.

6. Responding to the TOR in more depth. 6.1.To what extent are the CEAGI and CTGI fisheries strategies likely to lead to the

following outcomes?

Sustainable management of fisheries resources (including production, trade & investment

patterns)?

Enhanced national and regional fisheries governance frameworks and policies?

Increased national / regional revenues?

Improved livelihoods for the poorer segments of society?

These Initiatives use the WWF fisheries conservation toolbox – field work, market engagement,

policy strengthening, partnerships with government, civil society and industry, science etc. As the

Coral Triangle Network Initiative was one of the first to be developed, it has ~3 more years of

experience that the CEAGI is benefitting from through collaboration on a range of levels, including

through S2S. These are also now complimented by new momentum and resourcing coming from

the Global Tuna Strategy under the Smart Fishing and Market Transformation Initiatives including

the two new RFMO coordinators and the new SFGI IO Tuna Working Group. There are significant

synergies between these global and regional tuna strategies as well as important differences unique

to each region and developing country commonalities in the Western Pacific and Western Indian

Ocean. The PNA is discussed above and although causality is always difficult to determine

definitively, WWFs work across South East Asia and the Western Pacific played a significant role

in enabling this: establishing the Coral Triangle with tuna as a key strategy and supporting tuna

fisheries management and civil society engagement in key Western Pacific countries. Lastly, the

ISSF’s objection to the MSC certification strengthened the certification conditions.

Likelihood is difficult to quantify and through S2S careful evaluation is underway of what tools and

CT experience can be readily adopted and what strategies and activities need redesign to adapt to

unique CEA characteristics.

6.2.What opportunities are there to collaborate between CEA- and CT to strengthen tuna

governance at both the country/domestic and in the RFMOs?

Collaborate and adapt methodologies to bring the PPTST model to the WIO.

Enable Fisheries Director capacity building through exchange with the Western Pacific.

WIO Fisheries Directors need empowerment to build the skills, confidence, experience and

resources to secure greater benefits from the fisheries they manage.

With the SF and CT GIs, the CEAGI will build the Indian Ocean Tuna working group to

amongst other things, increase WWF’s participation in the Indian Ocean Tuna Commission

and domestic tuna management processes. Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand are important

focal countries for CT and SF GIs to focus on in the Eastern Indian Ocean.

Share intelligence and experience about how the ISSF works in-region and in-country to

build local and regional relationships with ISSF members and support SF and MT GI

objectives.

There are likely to be common tuna trade actors also that need to be identified. The Bangkok

Tuna conference is an important opportunity to do this.

13

6.3.What commonalities and learning are there between the two programmes with respect to

the issues of the countries seeking sovereignty over especially the allocation of tuna

resources and the coastal state aspirations to secure greater domestic benefit and value

from these fisheries?

o See 3. Context and discussion of internal challenges.

6.4.What methodologies and practices for including and assessing livelihood improvement

aspects of the fisheries work in CTGI and CEAGI can be identified, what are the benefits

for coastal communities and how can the WWF focus on this aspects be improved

through peer exchange of experience?

o Answered above in terms of adopting and adapting the Philippine FIP model.

14

7. Strengthening CEAGI Fisheries Strategy

Delivery

The following specifics were identified and summarised at the February Marine Strategy Review

meeting. They are premised on the reality that the CEAGI Fisheries Strategies are currently quite

broad and require greater focus. The points below were identified as mechanisms to focus and

deepen the work and are also premised on the CEAGI successfully raising the capacity of the CEA

national programmes to engage in policy, civil society and fisheries improvement work. Dr Jose

Ingles and Katherine Short were careful to point out that this process of evolving the NO/PO marine

programmes in the Coral Triangle is gradual, ongoing and greatly enhanced by having had 3 annual

review meetings with full participation of NO/PO marine staff. The CEAGI has had a first meeting

to begin the process of staff meeting, sharing and coming up to speed on common issues. Over a

period of 2-3 years, if carefully guided and resourced, this can result in more focussed country

office work programmes that more effectively deliver on the CEAGI strategies and also ground the

CEAGI in the domestic realities.

Specific areas of future focus for CEAGI are:

7.1 Ground the offshore fisheries work in domestic contexts through fisheries

improvement sustainable livelihood work. The Philippine Programme Towards Sustainable Tuna

(PPTST) partnership project excellently builds on WWF’s generic fisheries improvement model in

incorporating the suite of key social elements that are necessary to ensure the sustainable fisheries

momentum is fully grounded in a developing world, local, socio-economic context. This is essential

to sustain the management and livelihood improvements in the long term. These unique elements

include:

Designing in specific socio-economic development aspects such as training those running

the fisheries businesses and fish marketing in book-keeping and small-business

management.

Ensuring the project doesn’t disturb the general social framework including the dominant

role of women in owning the boats, running the fishing businesses and marketing the

bycatch locally.

Improving fish handling practices such that there is already a 20% increase in quality. The

fishers/and women are being trained in quality identification so they can grade the fish

themselves. This is being coupled with providing Manila fish price information so that they

can know and negotiate a fair price for their fish.

Monitoring the use of child labour in the project sites.

Building an entirely new fish traceability and catch documentation system to follow the

individual tuna fish from the boat to the market.

Scoping new technologies to keep the catch fresh – energy efficient chillers etc

Designing sustainable financing mechanism into the programme to produce operational

funds for fisheries improvement once the initial donor funds are expended.

15

CEAGI has been using the WWFUS Fisheries Improvement Project model in Mozambique

(shrimp), Kenya (lobster) and Tanzania (octopus), has had some success and still faces some

challenges; i.e. the Kenyan lobster project has stalled. The need to develop a baitfish management

plan in the Maldives in order to prepare for skipjack tuna MSC certification is another opportunity.

CEAGI with CTGI’s support will seek to conduct a rapid assessment of these projects to find

solutions to their individual challenges as well as to more systematically design future fisheries

improvement work explicitly within, and to improve the local socio-economic context. This rapid

assessment would answer the question: how and where can the Philippine model, experience and

techniques be adopted and adapted in the WIO? Discussions concluded that it is not essential to

focus on tuna but this can be determined through the rapid assessment.

Another major issue related to the need to better engage with coastal, artisanal and domestic

fisheries is the need to quantify the artisanal tuna catch. Some estimates (IOTC pers .comm.) put

this at ~30%. With the amount caught being such a crucial determinant in setting catch quotas and

therefore allocation – a current and hot political force – that getting to grips with this is becoming

urgent and important. WWF understands there could actually be quite a lot of data collected by the

Japanese to date and held by IOTC. This could be reviewed, ground-truthed and augmented where

necessary if the required resources could be secured. WWF CEAGI/MWIOPO believe there would

be opportunities to partner with other organisations to both fund and conduct this exercise. This

could be another mechanism through which to engage community service organisations and build

their capacity to engage with fisheries. ICSF (International Collective in Support of Fishworkers) is

a specific NGO, based in India, to consider.

The above mentioned study could be designed to answer some key questions WWF in order to

identify possible fisheries improvement sites including: are the WIO small-scale tuna fisheries

being impacted by industrial fisheries? How important are small-scale fisheries (especially tuna) in

food security and contributing to the local economy? This could be done through securing access to

local fish buyer records. If coupled with an ice/chiller/ice box provision project, these local

fisher/small-business folk may be willing to partner with WWF. In the Philippines, these records

give details of catch rates, prices and income. Are similar records kept in CEA countries? E.g.in

Madagascar there are only fish export records, not fish for local consumption but there are

reasonable statistics in Kenya and Tanzania. This can also identify the product flows and be used to

scope whether potentially supportive buyers would be willing to invest in/support/buy from a

fisheries improvement project like this – in South Africa and the UK. If fisher participants can be

empowered to manage their extra earnings, through small-business training, from the success of the

project, this can also be reinvested in their fishing and new businesses. This provides a good basis

to engage more closely with, and build the capacity of WWF CEAGI country marine programmes.

7.2. Empower WIO Fisheries Directors - Enable Fisheries Director capacity building through

exchange with the Western Pacific. WIO Fisheries Directors need empowerment to build their

skills, confidence, experience and resources to secure greater benefits from the fisheries they

manage. The differences between these regions are described elsewhere in this report, however, the

common issues that WIO Fisheries Directors could learn about from their counterparts in the WCP

include:

confident negotiating with distant water fishing nations, including Europe and with

significant aid donors – as often fisheries access arrangements are tied to aid,

16

understanding the true potential value of fishing opportunities (underpinned by WWF’s

WIO tuna valuation report)

establishing fisheries management frameworks and operational tools to secure greater

returns from fish caught in their EEZs, and;

accountable institution building to ensure fisheries management and financial progress.

NB. WWF is cognizant that the PNA Secretariat is a relatively new entity that has taken on a

significant agenda and that a lot of the PNA’s efforts are dependent on the WCPFC passing

appropriate fisheries resolutions. However, there is much for WIO nations to learn including how

was the PNA solidarity built, resourced, envisioned and implemented? What other fruits are being

borne from this labor? i.e. the further political grouping interest in sustainable fisheries in the SW

Pacific (Te Vaka Moana) and the Melanesian Spearhead Group learning/replicating elements of the

model. There are also a range of political groupings in the WIO however, the Fisheries Directors

have agreed to cooperate more closely under the South West Indian Ocean Fisheries Commission

(SWIOFC) framework and are keenly interested in WWF’s local facilitatory support to understand

the above better. WWF’s South Pacific Programme will build on its first phase of CSO engagement

and capacity building to help bring accountability to the PNA and related groupings.

Furthermore, the commonalities between the WIO and WCP are not lost politically. Some actors

endeavour to any hint of it – due to the implications of how the fishing dynamics and related

economics are likely to change as well others endeavouring to foster them. WWF has recently learnt

that the governments of New Zealand and Australia may be willing to support such collaboration

under the NEPAD framework. This is a leveraging opportunity for WWF and a concept note will be

prepared for NEPAD that builds on the draft in ANNEX 6 – Monsoon Dialogues.

7.3. Scale up CSO engagement to support 4a. and build capacity for CSO engagement in

domestic and regional fisheries policy. Inherent to successfully developing new fisheries

improvement models with a strong socio-economic component is the need to work alongside civil

society. A strong communications component is needed using social media, cell/smart-phone based

information and normal websites/factsheets/workshops etc. Furthermore, WWF has already helped

establish TUFAK, a coalition of industry and community organisations supporting sustainable tuna

management in Kenya. Discussions concluded that this needs to evolve in two directions:

i. In Kenya to ensure TUFAK effectively and sufficiently influences Kenyan domestic and

regional fisheries policy and;

ii. To replicate TUFAK in the ‘next’ best country. A short analysis is needed for this

incorporating WWF CEAGI country office participation and analysis of ‘their’ CSOs.

This review recommends that a specific CSO facilitator role be established in CEAGI to scale up

this work. 3 years @ ? per year? A middle level staff person salary + operational funds

(workshops, communications tools and materials) + grant funds for CSOs in Kenya, Tz, Mz, Md

and Mauritius. Estimate = ~ USD$1 million 3yrs.

7.4. Scale up CEAs seafood business engagement and capacity to use WWF network

sustainable seafood intelligence (e.g. Pescanova in Mozambique and ISSF members regionally).

The Kenyan seafood exporters association is a member of TUFAK and WWF has excellent

17

Getting the Basics Right – Ice and polystyrene boxes!

Dr Jose Ingles and Katherine Short undertook a short field trip

to Zanzibar and observed very poor fish handling practices in

the central market. Although there was running water, it was

unsanitary and there was no evidence of ice. Fish lay on the

ground and road, and some under palm leaves to protect them

from the sun and flies. Although the local tourist seafood trade

specifics are unknown, there are opportunities to improve the

quality, value and return to the fishermen from improving these

absolutely basic seafood practices. This is the maxim of less is

more, sell fewer fish at a better price, take fewer fish from the

sea. Whether massive PNA MSC certifications or a small catch,

the principle is the same and empowered fishermen are more

sustainable fishermen (literature evidence?). How many fish

markets are there like this in Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique and

Madagascar? Although reliable power is a problem for making

ice, are there innovative technological, business and social

solutions that can be designed and deployed? Is this an area

where WWF could partner with CSO’s and new funders such as

the Aga Khan Foundation?

relationships here. WWF has also had some preliminary contact with the Indian Ocean Tuna

Operators Association, based out of Mauritius, the Maldivian tuna industry, regionally based ISSF

members and some interaction with the Mozambican shrimp industry. However, this needs to be

strategically redesigned in order ensure WWF can make effective use of the sustainable seafood

tools and opportunities at its disposal. In some respects, WWF CEA has been gaining experience in

this work for the last ~ 5 years and in order to ensure this experience translates into conservation

delivery, it must be significantly scaled up, streamlined and tied into key network colleagues’

workplans – especially in buying markets. WWF has excellent seafood intelligence internationally,

in the US, Europe and Japan but this must be far more deliberately and tactically deployed to build

local capacity to solve particular cases e.g. Pescanova blocking the delivery of both the MSC

certification of deep water shrimp and the Primeras and Segundas MPA in Mozambique. The

Bangkok Tuna Conference (May 23-25th

2012) and Hong Kong Seafood Summit, Sept 7-9th

2012)

are important opportunities to be seized.

This review recommends that a specific seafood business role be established to scale up this

work. 3 years @ ? per year? A middle level staff person + operational funds (workshops,

publications, short reports) + PPP funds to establish partnership projects and leverage more

funding with industry in Kenya, Tz, Mz, Md and Mauritius. Estimate = ~ USD$1 million over 3

years?

This increased

capacity would

enable WWF to

have the reach and

quality of

relationships to also

influence the

seafood trade,

enabling policy

environment and

management. This

would also

capitalise on current

CEAGI work to

value tuna

resources, MSC

certification efforts,

and the SFI

partnership project

to understand the

fisheries subsidies

impacts regionally.

N.B. an abstract has

been submitted to

present the CEA, Tuna Valuation work at IIFET (International Institute of Fisheries Economics and

Trade conference in Tanzania, July 2012).

18

However, underpinning these more sophisticated approaches is the need for some extremely basic

tools for sustainable fisheries management and improving livelihoods such as ice and training of

fishermen and fish market workers in quality handling practices. WWF needs to learn from

past/current international fisheries and seafood extension projects to understand why the conditions

are still so primitive and what the real opportunities are to modernise this sector. See box.

ANNEXES

19

ANNEX 1: Proposed Internal Exchange Schedule

Event What Budget

WCPFC –

26th-30th

March, Guam

Daniel/KS/Michael Harte/Aiko Yamauchi/Songlin

Wang/Seremaia

Side meeting/WWF time/ISSF meetings – present S2S

Own existing budgets.

IOTC 22-26

April, Perth.

KS/DG/EK/Michael Harte/Daniel likely.

Gangaram Pursumal (WWF Malaysia), Imam

Musthofa (Indonesia) to be urged to join country

delegations.

Own existing budgets.

PNA Meeting

25-26th April,

Alotau (tbc)

Mark Schreffler/Eric/Seremaia/ Alfred &/or Reinier

invited. WWF side meeting/event.

Own existing budgets.

World Tuna

Day

2/5/2012,

globally

Launch Tour de Tuna/Monsoon Dialogues. At least 2

WIO Fisheries Directors participate in PNA

celebrations. At least a half day meeting in the

margins (ideally 1 day) to share experience about

practical tools to secure greater benefit from fisheries

resources. Work with Fisheries Directors and Perm.

Sec’s of Fisheries to set up, identify who, develop a

budget and determine ‘what is to occur’. WIO

Fisheries Directors to deliver some kind of

Declaration/Statement of Support etc.

WWF staff involved to be determined.

2 Fisheries Directors to PNG.

Airfare = ~ 2500

Accom = @200/pp/pn

Estimate = ~ USD5000 pp

+ Domingos

TOTAL= USD10,000

Bangkok

Tuna Conf

May 23-25

WWF staff involved to be determined. Own existing budgets.

IIFET

Conference

July 16-20th,

Tanzania

CEANI has submitted an abstract about the tuna

valuation study.

Seek to host 5th Staff Exchange meeting in Tanzania.

Three streams: Fisheries Policy, CSO engagement and

seafood markets. Involve TUFAK. Identify delegations

to take to Hong Kong Seafood Summit + Mz shrimp

operators.

Local marine staff from CEANI

Seafood

Summit

Hong Kong,

Fiji/WMPO/CEA staff and external contacts attend

Summit to be exposed to sustainable seafood

20

6-8 Sept. movement.

Madagascar

February

2013

MWIOPO expressed interest in hosting a S2S meeting

there. This could be the next CEA Marine Strategy

Review meeting (as per Coral Triangle which held 3 of

these physical annual meetings before moving to a

virtual platform

MWIOPO confirmed 2/4/2012 they would host this.

tbc

ANNEX 2: Proposed External Schedule

Event What?

Seychelles Fisheries Directors Meeting 27/2/2012

Domingos to present Tour de Tuna/Monsoon Dialogues concept for Directors of Fisheries. DoF to identify at least two leading Directors for WWF to recommend to PNA to be invited to World Tuna Day celebrations. Mark Schreffler to engage PNA on this.

World Tuna Day 2/5/2012 Launch Tour de Tuna/Monsoon Dialogues and enable at least 2 WIO Fisheries Directors to participate in PNA celebrations. Facilitate at least a half day meeting in the margins (ideally 1 day) to share experience about practical tools to secure greater benefit from fisheries resources. Work with Fisheries Directors and Perm. Secretaries of Fisheries to set up, identify who, develop a budget and determine ‘what is to occur’. WIO Fisheries Directors to deliver some kind of Declaration/Statement of Support etc. + potentially Indonesia Fisheries Agency representatives.

Subsequent visits to be determined in consultation with the WIO Fisheries Directors and WCP actors.

21

ANNEX 1: The Visits in Detail

Part 1. Engaging with Civil Society Organizations on Oceanic Fisheries Management - Lessons

from the Pacific Islands.

The Coral Triangle is a Global Initiative where tuna is an important fishery. Seremaia Tuqiri shared

his perspectives of CSO engagement in the management of oceanic fisheries resources. Through a

GEF grant of 5 years to Forum Fisheries Agency (FFA), WWF was supported to engage CSOs in

fisheries advocacy initially through creating awareness and later involving them in influencing

policy and decision making processes. WWF SPPO has been able to push CSOs to include

sustainable fisheries management in their agenda. They have achieved desired results since the

project implementation; they have carried out advocacy and awareness workshops on OFM in all

FFA member countries except for 3 who were not able to attend the last CSO forum; and for

regional/international ENGOs, developed advocacy materials and raised awareness. They are now

developing a CSO fisheries advocacy website. Collaboration with regional fisheries organizations is

also very beneficial e.g. in the Pacific Islands this include the Forum Fisheries Agency (FFA), the

Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC) – fisheries science advisors to its members and to the

Western & Central Pacific Fisheries Commission (WCPFC).

Seremaia’s Reflections: The engagement that is taking place in CEA is not just between or among

CSOs but between CSOs and the private sector which is a great thing. The representative from a

newly created group called TUFAK (Kenya based) is really interesting with a membership of ~20

CSOs/people of different expertise, including WWF and enabling a range of skills to be used. A

strong them to emerge is the absence of communications materials for advocacy and awareness. I

brought 10 factsheet folders we produced with FFA and SPC and distributed as part of my

presentation. I was interested to meet a representative who runs a local CSO and produces a

newsletter every 2 months in Swahili for fishermen. He's a fishermen himself and works closely

with WWF Tanzania. The content of his newsletter focusses particularly on good fishing practices.

We can learn a lot from CSO/private sector engagement in CEA and I think we can also continue to

share our experiences with them. I was impressed by the fact that they have a lot of

environmentally-based/focussed CSOs in East Africa. What keeps coming through is the need to get

them together to be a force for change in terms of influencing government policy on best fishing

practice, and to also work with fishing industry and local fisherfolk. In the Pacific, we have PITIA

(Pacific Islands Tuna Industry Association), as well as national fishermen's associations, and the

larger offshore groups like FTBOA and FOFA (Fiji Tuna Boat Owners Association and Fiji

Offshore Fisheries Association). It would be good to discuss amongst ourselves about how we can

assist in strengthening public-private partnerships (small scale fishers as well as industrial) at the

local/national level to see how best needs can be addressed. It may be something that we don't

necessarily have to lead but where we can assist in partnership with other CSOs. It's obvious that

we have different sets of challenges given our geography, however there are some shared issues.

I mentioned in my presentation that the purpose behind our advocacy work had been decided for us

in that we were required to create awareness of the WCPFC and fisheries issues that were faced in

the Pacific Islands and how this was being addressed. However in the course of carrying this out,

we found that there issues faced by local fishers such as markets for their tuna. I showed them

a map of the WCPO and the Convention area so they now have an idea of the vastness of the area

and the smallness of the countries and the challenges that we encounter.

22

Part 2. Solomon Islands – Forum Fisheries Agency

Katherine Short, Mark Schreffler, Seremaia Tuqiri

½ day meeting with Mark Young, Director Fisheries Operations at FFA followed by one hour at the

Regional Fisheries Surveillance Centre (RFSC) and a presentation by Cmdr Mike Pounder. Both

provided their presentations.

The FFA MCS centre is a leading facility in the monitoring, control and surveillance of the fisheries

of the WCP. Addressing IUU, which is the main factor for tuna overfishing, and improving fisheries

management across the board are important objectives of WWFs fisheries work internationally.

Through this visit, we wish to become familiar with how the MCS centre operates and what it can

do. Any limitations or challenges and especially how WWF may be able to contribute to having

these addressed are important areas to discuss and explore.

At FFA we met with two MCS Operations Staff including Mark Young, the Director of Fisheries

Operations and Commander Mike Pounder who is on secondment from the Royal Australian Navy

and running the MCS Centre. Their bios are below.

Commander Mike Pounder

Born in the midlands region of the UK, I joined the Royal Navy in 1979 as a hydrographic survey

sailor, serving around he World including 2 years in Antarctica. Two years on exchange with the

Royal Australian Navy in the late 90's resulted in a decision to emigrate with my family after 22

years, including 12 as an officer and virtually all at sea. Another trip to Antarctica greeted me on

arrival in Australia followed by multiple Command positions based out of Cairns, QLD, including

Executive Officer and two Commands of HMAS MERMAID and HS Blue Crew. I was seconded

from the RAN and to the position as Forum Fisheries Agency Surveillance Operations Officer in

June 11 and will continue in the role until Dec 13. My main role is coordination of the Defence

Force surveillance assets from Australia, New Zealand, France and the US and the Pacific Island

Countries' own assets such as the Pacific Patrol Boats, encouraging regional monitoring, control and

surveillance of fisheries activity throughout the FFA region.

Mark Young - Director of Fisheries Operations

I have been on staff at the FFA Secretariat for almost a year now….I came here after having retired

from the U.S. Coast Guard where for the last five years I was the Chief of Enforcement for the

Coast Guard in the Western and Central Pacific…..my background is almost entirely focused on

fisheries law enforcement and I have a Master’s Degree in Marine Affairs – Fisheries Policy and

Management from the University of Washington….much of my work for the Coast Guard in the

Pacific was with engagement with Pacific Island Parties in fisheries enforcement and surveillance –

so this position is very similar to what I concentrated on from the US perspective….prior to coming

to FFA I also did a short stint as the Chief of Enforcement for the State of Hawaii for their Division

of Conservation and Resources Enforcement which fell under their Department of Land and Natural

Resources.

Key Points: as sent in follow up thank you letters.

The severe lack of analytical capacity at FFA and amongst the member states.

The 94% data sharing by the member states is heartening but you again stressed the

importance of analysis and turning that analysis into meaningful policy and management

improvements, especially via establishing national MCS committees in member states.

23

The recommendation WWF made to include supply chain and market expertise in the TCC7

CDS Inter-sessional Working Group. WWF can help source possible participants as

appropriate, please let us know how your discussions on this progress.

WWF expressed willingness to explore developing a visual overlay of key aspects of the

Western Central Pacific tuna fisheries including: fleet type by fishery, EEZ, species,

management arrangements, risks etc for a lay audience. You considered this to be useful and

we would like to follow up with you about this in the New Year.

The immense challenge of managing the long-line fleet, especially on the Southern

Albacore. This is on WWF’s regional radar, especially given the current MSC certification

assessment of the Fiji Tuna Boat Owners Association albacore fishery.

You expressed interest in WWF South Africa’s Responsible Fisheries Training Programme.

Katherine Short will follow this up with you.

WWF is convening a regional fishers exchange in Fiji (tentatively May/June) and this may

be a useful forum at which to promote the RMCSS. Please let us know if this is of interest.

The forthcoming Hong Kong Seafood Summit in September 2012 and the potential to

collaborate around a panel discussion or presentation about MCS in the Western Central

Pacific.

The opportunity for WWF to compliment the Regional MCS Strategy and raise awareness

about it in the region was highlighted.

The latest all nation, all waters joint surveillance operation (Op. Kuru Kuru) was highly

successful.

Welcomed the idea of exchange with WIO Directors of Fisheries/ other relevant

stakeholders.

Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Resources - Chris Ramofafia, Permanent Secretary.

WWF is aware of the important efforts by the PNA to improve the sustainability of the skipjack

tuna fisheries through seeking MSC certification and improving management as well as to increase

the return of economic value from these fisheries to the region. There are related aspirations in the

WIO and whilst there are important differences, exploring any commonalities and similarities that

might aid the advancement of sustainable fisheries in the WIO with representatives from a country

that is key to the PNA, the Solomon Islands, is a key purpose of this visit.

Key points: as sent in follow up thank you letter.

New Fisheries Bill before Parliament and wrote subsequently that WWF would be pleased

to support MFMR as appropriate to ensure it is successfully passed and subsequently

implemented.

We also discussed a range of ways in which WWF can support implementation of

sustainable fisheries tools including the Marine Stewardship Council and Fisheries

Improvement Projects. Mark Schreffler will follow up the New Year.

Took interest in our supply chain engagement models.

Welcomed our support to strengthen MCS.

Suggested we seek formal discussions with PNA on where WWF can add value and support

the PNA agenda.

24

Meeting with WMPO Management in Moresby

Whilst passing through Port Moresby airport, Mark, Katherine and Seremaia met with Neil

Stronach, Representative and Eric Verheij, Conservation Director. We explained the South to South

exercise, briefed them on our experiences in Honiara and discussed a range of further activities e.g.

making use of the PNA meeting in April.

Part 3. Legaspi, Tiwi Municipality and Sugod Village, Philippines Seremaia, Mark, Katherine, Domingos, Edward, Jose Ingles (Jingles) and Joe Pres Gaudiano

(Adon)

Introductions with staff at Tabac WWF field office followed by a tour to the market and 2 hour

briefing from Jingles, Adon and Joan Binondo (Field leader) about the Partnership Project for

Sustainable Tuna in the Philippines. This is the Fisheries Improvement Project partnership with

Blue You Consultancy, Swiss and German retailers and importers and WWFs CH and De.

Welcomed and briefed by Mayor Villanueva, Mayor of Tiwi Municipality. There is a very strong

commitment to sustainable development in the region and it is evident in the state of the local

environment. They even have a 10Ha permaculture farm. We were welcomed into the Mayor’s

office for a short discussion, presented with artisanal gifts from the region and then given an hour’s

briefing, movie and discussion with the agricultural extension & communications officers as well as

sitting with the entire MFARMC (Municipal Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Management

Committee). They got us to sign a tuna conservation pledge on a banner with our own logo!

Visited the landing site of the project in Sugod village and saw two ~40kg tuna. There is a new

concrete holding facility, polystyrene boxes, running water and ice at this village. The fish are

landed in very artisanal vessels.

Friday morning we spent 4 hours having out sit down meeting and sharing in a structured way,

using the TOR themes.

Friday afternoon, we returned to the village as many more boats were due back. We saw them land

and basically process their catch. We were able to buy an albacore and were welcomed by the

villagers for dinner to share it.

Part 4. Dr Jose Ingles and Katherine Short to CEA Marine Strategy Review in Dar

Es Salaam and field visit to Zanzibar Fish Market. The Marine Strategy Review was a meeting of all CEA and MWIOPO marine programme staff.

This was the first time they had met. A separate meeting report is being produced. Katherine and

Jingles participated in day 2 of this meeting and subsequently held 2.5 days of discussions with the

core team (Domingos Gove and Edward Kimakwa from CEA and Didier Fourgon and Harifidy

Ralison from MWIOPO) which explored the challenges, opportunities and solutions in more depth.

25

ANNEX 2. Story - WWF South to South Internal

Peer Review and Exchange

WWF recently conducted an intensive internal peer review and capacity building exercise, themed

S2S (South 2 South), suggested by WWF Denmark and the CEA NI leader to review the fisheries

strategies of WWF’s Coastal East Africa Initiative and to lay a foundation for network knowledge

exchange from the Indian through to the South Pacific ocean regions. WWF Denmark’s thematic

programme funded by DANIDA (the Danish Aid Agency) provides funding support to the Coastal

East Africa Initiative and also supported this exchange. The exercise included staff from several

WWF offices; Coastal East Africa (CEA), Philippines, South Pacific Programme in Fiji (SPPO),

Western Melanesia Programme in PNG and Solomon Islands (WMPO) and WWF NZ. In addition

to conducting the internal peer review of the CEA fisheries strategy, the staff also shared

experiences of various issues, challenges and success in their respective programs. The exercise

served to unite and strengthen WWF Initiatives across the three ocean regions.

The S2S team began its journey in Honiara, Solomon Islands with a visit and tour of the Forum

Fisheries Agency (FFA) Monitoring, Compliance and Surveillance Centre (MCS). The team was

received by Mr. Mark Young, Director of the Fisheries Operations Division. Mr. Young gave a

presentation on the history and development of the FFA. We then visited the FFA MCS

Surveilance Center where Cmdr Mike Pounder gave a presentation on the centers functions are

responsibilities. The FFA MCS employs the latest technology in vessel monitoring systems to its

member countries and provides much needed services to reduce illegal, unregulated and unreported

fishing in the region. Using the latest edition of Google Earth, the surveillance centre is able to

view the location of registered vessels in real time via their Vessel Monitoring System (VMS) and

allows the centre to monitor and ensure vessels are fishing within the specific Exclusive Economic

Zones (EEZ) for which they are licensed. The FFA MCS facility is major step forward in reducing

illegal and unregulated fishing in the region.

The S2S team next met with Dr. Chris Ramofafia, Permanent Secretary, Solomon Islands Ministry

of Fisheries and Marine Resources (SIMFMR). SIMFMR will be presenting a new, significantly

more comprehensive Fisheries Act to Parliament in early 2012 which will empower the Ministry

and enable them to better manage both pelagic and coastal fisheries. Dr. Ramofafia has also taken a

more proactive, stronger position with regard to licensing fees for the foreign countries fishing in

the SI EEZ. This has resulted in nearly doubling the revenue this year from distant water fleets and

will directly benefit the people of SI in the form of improved health care, education, etc.

In the last leg of the exercise, the S2S team travelled to the Philippines where we met with Dr. Jose

Ingles, CTNI Tuna Strategy Leader and staff. We visited the WWF office in Tabaco and had a

briefing session and interaction with the tuna project staff. We then visited the village of Sugod in

the Munincipality of Tiwi, a project site where the Philippines team has been working on a hand

line tuna project. We then met with Mayor Villenueva of Tiwi Municipality along with the

Municipal Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Management Committee (MFARMC). Mayor

Villenuaeva and the Tiwi community have an incredibly strong sense of environmental stewardship

as is evident by the support and involvement of the community, environmental education

programmes in the schools and the public/private involvement in resource management.

One of the most important components of the exercise were the various sit down meetings where

the WWF staff could discuss specific challenges, issues and similarities in the regional

programmes. There was a great sense of team building and as each program moves forward in

26

areas from policy reform and reducing bycatch, certification etc., there is now a strong foundation

of network support across the regional programme offices as well as the WWF Network Initiatives.

27

ANNEX 3. Terms of Reference

Introduction and Background

The Coastal East Africa (CEA) and Coral Triangle Initiatives (CTI) are two of the thirteen Global

Initiatives the WWF Network established to achieve transformational change by working at local,

national and international scales, linking work on the ground with advocacy work and engagement.

Both CEA and CT GI’s have developed an important fisheries programme, covering both industrial

(tuna) and small-scale fisheries. Because of the communalities of the two programmes, it was

decided to carry out a Peer Review of relevant aspects of both programmes. Within this context,

selected individuals of both GI’s would form a small team to participate in the exercise.

Building upon the successes of WWF’s Eastern African Marine Ecoregion and Eastern African

Forest Ecoregion, CEA focuses on coastal East Africa’s biodiversity-rich environment; its

geographical focus covers Kenya, Tanzania and Mozambique. The vision for CEA is that “Coastal

East Africa’s unique and globally significant natural resource base which provides the essential

goods and services that support biodiversity as well as economic development and the livelihoods

of present and future generations.” In order to achieve this vision, WWF is working with

governments and other key partners in the region to implement the following strategies:

Strengthening natural resources governance for effective management of marine fisheries and

coastal forest resources and improved effectiveness of institutions in implementation of policies and

regulations.

Adoption of sustainable trade and investment approach with specific focus on shrimp, tuna and

timber commodities

Securing the remaining high value conservation areas in Coastal East Africa, through a number of

initiatives, including protected areas, land use planning, reduced emissions from deforestation and

degradation (REDD) activities etc.

The Coral Triangle Initiative focuses on the highly biodiverse marine realm in South East Asia and

the Western Pacific. The WWF Coral Triangle Programme builds on the long term marine

conservation ecoregions in the Sulu-Sulawesi and Bismark-Solomon Seas and compliments the

government Coral Triangle Initiative on Coral Reefs, Fisheries and Food Security launched in 2009.

WWF was a major actor in its design and initiation. The common themes include sustainable

management of the tuna resources of the region, establishing marine protected areas, promoting

climate change adaptation, conserving threatened marine species and enabling the implementation

of the ecosystem-approach to fisheries. The WWF Coral Triangle Programme is undergoing a

review and new strategic planning process, thus this internal Peer Review is timely .

28

Objective and Focus

The objective of the peer review is both to assess the current CEA-NI and CTI strategies and their

implementation, and to provide opportunities for a south-south internal professional information

and knowledge sharing process, possibly leading to enhanced future coordination and collaboration

between WWF network peers. The review will in particular answer three key questions:

1. Design: are the strategies (including the methodological approaches and

organisational/partnership arrangements) appropriate to achieve their objectives?

2. Implementation: what progress has been made in implementing the strategies? In

particular, what are the successes, weaknesses and lessons learned?

3. Way forward: what recommendations can be identified to improve the effectiveness of

delivery of the strategies and their implementation, including opportunities for future

collaboration between the two GIs?

In short, the overarching objective and nature of this WWF peer review is to both share experience

and build capacity of the peers involved. The intent is to strengthen collaborative teams, identify

and share relevant experience and demonstrate to our GAA funders the powerfully joined-up nature

of WWF’s Global Initiatives.

Scope of Work

The peer review will include, but not necessarily be limited to the following issues:

To what extent are the CEA-GI and CTI fisheries strategies likely to lead to:

o Sustainable management of fisheries resources (including production, trade and

investment patterns)?

o Enhanced national and regional fisheries governance frameworks and policies?

o Increased national / regional revenues?

o Improved livelihoods for the poorer segments of society?

What are the most important aspects of progress and results achieved so far in the CEA-GI

and CTI fisheries components?

Are there any specific areas for improvement of the fisheries strategies, in order to enhance

both their implementation and eventual impact?

What experiences in the Coral Triangle tuna and shrimp strategies are relevant to advance

the CEA-GI tuna strategies, especially engaging seafood business (including MSC, ISSF

members and long line companies etc) and community service organisations?1

What opportunities are there to collaborate between CEA-GI and CT GI to strengthen tuna

governance at both the country/domestic and in the Regional Fisheries Management

Organisation levels?

What commonalities and learning are there between the two programmes with respect to the

issues of the countries seeking sovereignty over especially the allocation of tuna resources

and the coastal state aspirations to secure greater domestic benefit and value from these

fisheries?

1i.e. exploring the South Pacific Programme Office Offshore Fisheries Programme CSO sustainable tuna awareness

raising project is specifically relevant e.g. for the Kenya CSO engagement.

29

Methodology and Process

As a general principle, the WWF peer review will be a participatory process where both key peer

reviewers and staff in the respective teams should be involved and actively take part in the peer

review process, to the fullest extent possible and with the intent to ensure that perceptions, opinions

and knowledge are considered in the assessments and recommendations made. It is intended that

external stakeholders will be approached as part of the implementation phase with any key

stakeholders met if this is practicable and cost-effective.

The core peer teams will consist of two to three persons from each GI. In addition, two to three

persons representing relevant WWF peer programmes/projects/offices may be involved as external

‘peers’. CEA-GI and CTI will nominate a joint facilitator for the peer review process (see 4 below).

The peer review process will consist of the following steps:

1. Establish the peer review teams.

2. Develop and finalise the review plans, schedule and itineraries of the review teams

(including three phases: preparation, implementation (desk studies and field visits) and

reporting).

3. Final approval of the review plans by the CEA-GI and CTI leaders and the respective

thematic coordinators.

4. Implement the peer reviews according to agreed plans.

5. Consult with external stakeholders as appropriate.

6. Report and disseminate the outcomes and recommendations to CEA-GI and CTI

Shareholder Groups and other relevant parties.

7. Subsequently, the recommendations will be discussed by the CEA-GI and CTI core teams

and by the respective SHGs with a view to adopting/rejecting the recommendations and

proceeding appropriately to realise them.

Team Composition

The peer review group will consist of the following persons (Team Leaders underlined):

CEA

Domingos Gove

Edward Kimakwa

Didier Fourgon

CTI

Jose Ingles

Seremaia Tuqiri

Imam Musthofa

NB. Joe Pres Gaudiano (in the field.)

Mark Schreffler participated

Network advisors:

Paul Siegel

Bill Fox

Daniel Suddaby

Alfred Schumm

Facilitator:

Katherine Short

30

Time Frame

The three peer reviews will take place between October and December 2011. An inception

workshop between the peer teams will take place in mid-October in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

making use of relevant staff attending the CEA / SFI Indian Ocean Tuna Strategy meeting.

The peer review should not extend beyond 3 weeks in entirety, including:

Preparation: 3 to 4 days (i.e. reading of documents, preparing for travels etc.)

Implementation: 7 to 8 days (i.e. desk studies, field visits, stakeholder engagement, etc.)

Reporting: 3 to 4 days (i.e. report writing, joint teleconferences to coordinate, last

consultations, etc.)

A draft schedule is provided.

Reporting

A Peer Review Report in English of not more than 20 pages per NI should be produced by the peer

review teams in accordance with the topics mentioned in section III. The peer review team leaders

are responsible for the quality and consistency of the report.

Review Budget

Cost item Budget

Review workshop (in conjunction with IO Tuna

Workshop in Dar es Salaam)

10,000 US$

Travel budget CEA-NI Team 10,000 US$

Travel budget CTI Team 10,000 US$

Reporting and communications 5,000 US$

Total 35,000

Background Materials: (available on request)

CEA-GI Conservation Strategy

CTI Conservation Strategy

31

ANNEX 4. Visit Schedule Dates What Who Comments Actions

Oct 11-13 CEA / SFI IO Tuna Strategy

meeting

Imam, Daniel, Alfred,

Domingos, Edward,

Didier, Katherine, Peter,

Paul Siegel.

Small group discussion to be

held in the margins

1. KS/facilitate

Nov Wk of

1st

South to South Team skype

call 1

S2S team all welcome 1st regular call. 2. KS/facilitate х

7-8 WWF facilitated, African

Union hosted Rights Based

Management workshop in Dar

Es Salaam

Seremaia with CEA

team

Seremaia is available 3. Seremaia and Lydia to organise logistics

10-11 CSO meeting Dar Es Salaam Seremaia with CEA

team

Seremaia to present and

contribute SPPO experience

4. Edward to identify

24-29

Visit Philippines Tuna

Handline Fisheries

Improvement Project (Luzon

province)

Domingos, Didier,

Edward, Katherine,

Jingles, Imam, Seremaia

+ Daniel?

5. Jingles to confirm Phil visits and handle

local arrangements/work with KS to do so

as necessary.

6. Daniel to confirm availability.

1 day team sit down team

meeting re. common issues

Domingos, Didier,

Edward, Katherine,

Jingles, Imam, Seremaia

+ Daniel?

7. Daniel to confirm availability?

8. KS to propose agenda incl. themes in III

Scope of work above + Tuna Think Tank

Visit MCS Centre in Honiara 9. Seremaia to confirm FFA visit and handle

local arrangements/work with KS to do so

as necessary.

Dec 5th Draft South to South Report All welcome Format? 10. KS to propose format for review and

facilitate completion

Final

draft for

32

approval

completed

19th Finalise draft report All welcome 11. Lida, Peter and External Advisers to

scrutinise draft in advance of submission

to Elizabeth at WWF DK.

Jan Seek comments on draft report

S2S phone call All welcome х

First SFI IO Tuna Working

Group call

KS & Didier attended

from CEA/CT.

Feb 19th

&

20th

CEA/MWIOPO Marine

Strategy Review

All marine programme

staff and KS and Jingles

to participate

Refine final draft report

27th CEA/SFI Nordic discussions Domingos to Norway to

meet Nordic and SFI

colleagues.

Present final draft report

33

ANNEX 5. Participant Biographies

Domingos Gove, Marine Head, WWF Coastal East Africa Initiative - brings over 22 years of

professional experience in coastal and marine fisheries and ecosystem management. Graduating (BSc)

from the University of Eduardo Mondlane in 1991, he was a General and Marine Ecology lecturer at

Eduardo Mondlane University. During this period, he also ran the Marine Biological Station of

Inhaca, coordinating research activities there as well as managing the Terrestrial and Marine Reserves

of Inhaca and Portuguese Islands. In 1998, he obtained his MSc in Marine Zoology from the

University of Gothenburg and from 2001-2005, worked as a coastal planner on integrated

development of Mozambique’s coastal zone and was instrumental in introducing strategic

environmental assessment (SEA). From 2005, Domingos worked as Director of the National Fisheries

Research Institute in Mozambique and was actively involved in policy and governance aspects of

coastal and marine resources there and regionally and internationally representing Mozambique in

relevant marine and coastal management forums fora. Domingos is currently pursuing completion of

his PhD at the University of Lisbon, Department of Zoology and Anthropology.

Edward Kimakwa, Fisheries Programme Officer, WWF Coastal East Africa Initiative - holds a

BSc. in Natural Resources Management (Egerton University, Kenya) and MSc. Biology of

Conservation at the University of Nairobi, Kenya). Certificate on Sustainable Environmental

Management (University of California, Berkeley, California, USA), Multidisciplinary Course in

Tropical Freshwater Ecosystems and Wetlands Management, supported by MacArthur Foundation

and Pan African START Secretariat at the Kenya Wildlife Services (KWS) Training Institute,

Naivasha; and Climate Change Adaptation (IUCN Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania) among others. Edward

Kimakwa has over 17 years experience on fisheries and natural resources management issues on

regional and global level. Edward has worked with several national and regional organizations

involved in fisheries, natural resources and biodiversity conservation. Edward joined WWF in 2006

where he worked as a Fisheries Policy for the WWF- Eastern African Marine Ecoregion (EAME)

programme till 2009 when he was appointed to the position of the Fisheries Programme Offficer for

the WWF-Coastal East Africa Initiative (WWF-CEAI). Between April 2010 and March 2011, Edward

worked with the Western Indian Ocean Marine Science Association (WIOMSA) as the Regional

Climate Change Coordinator. He contributed in the development of the regional Climate Change

Strategy for the coastal areas of the WIO region. Before joining WWF in 2006, Edward worked as a

Fisheries Officer with the Fisheries Department in the Ministry of Fisheries Development in Kenya in

different capacities since 1997. In 2004, Edward was appointed the Head of Fisheries Research Unit

at the Fisheries Department Headquarters in Nairobi. In his current capacity, Edward is working

closely with the key partners, including the African Union, the Indian Ocean Tuna Commission

(IOTC), South Western Indian Ocean Fisheries Commission (SWIOFC), FAO, National Fisheries

Authorities to implement and support projects that promote sustainable fisheries management and

improved governance. He is also working closely with the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) in

promoting certification of some lobster, octopus and shrimp fisheries in the Coastal East Africa

Seremaia Tuqiri, Fisheries Policy Officer, WWF South Pacific Programme Office

Programme Assistant (fisheries/marine research), Canadian Cooperation Office, the Pacific

Office of ICOD (International Centre for Ocean Development)

Training Coordinator, International Ocean Institute / Marine Studies Programme, USP (in-

service training on Coastal Fisheries Management, ICM, and Environmental and Resource

Economics)

34

Coordinated and team-taught two undergraduate courses, USP: Coastal Fisheries

Management; and ICZM

Developed the Pacific Islands Regional Oceans Policy brief for the CROP Marine Sector WG

Moved to offshore fisheries when I joined WWF SPPO as Fisheries Policy Officer is 2003:

certification; sustainable fisheries management; fishing best practices

Mark Schreffler, Fisheries Programme Officer, WWF Western Melanesian Programme Office.

Mark comes from a business background with experience in manufacturing, construction and

aquaculture. He previously owned a marine aquarium retail/educational company which was one of

the first in the world to become certified to the Marine Aquarium Council (MAC) International

Standards of Best Practices. Having participated in the MAC Standards Advisory Groups in

developing the standards since 1999, he went on to work for the MAC in 2003; working with

collectors in Hawaii, the Philippines and Indonesia, as well as with exporters, importers and retailers

globally. He advocated environmental and social responsibility and consulted/assisted these groups

through the certification process. In early 2008, he came to Papua New Guinea working with the

PNG National Fisheries Authority to introduce sustainable marine aquarium life collection and assist

developing policy and best practices standards for the trade in PNG. New to WWF, Mark looks

forward to using his experience to work toward more sustainable use and conservation of the Coral

Triangle fisheries.

Katherine Short – Marine Advocate, Indo-Pacific, WWF New Zealand. Katherine’s career with

WWF began in New Zealand in 1996. She moved to WWF Australia in 1999 to promote the Marine

Stewardship Council, develop WWF’s network wide approach to ecosystem-based management of

fisheries and establish WWFs first regional Oceania fisheries project together with offices in New

Zealand and Fiji. Moving to WWF International in 2004, she led and supported WWF’s fisheries

work internationally and until June 2012 when she returned to New Zealand to work directly with the

tropical fisheries programmes from East Africa to the Western Pacific. Katherine’s role in supporting

these programmes draws on her extensive international experience and work in sustainable fisheries

and seafood. Katherine is currently enrolled at Imperial College London, pursuing a part-time Masters

by Research studying fisheries and conservation.

Dr. Jose Ingles is a senior fisheries specialist with extensive experience in the conduct of fisheries

stock and coastal resource assessment in the region. Equipped with academic degrees in zoology

from University of Hamburg, marine biology, and natural science from a Philippine university, he

served as a Faculty Member of the Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanology of the University of

the Philippines in the Visayas (UPV) for 12 years, where he undertook research, extension and

teaching activities. He has produced numerous publications and advised numerous graduate students.

Starting in 2002, he changed his focus and worked with WWF, first as Director of the Fisheries

Management for the Sulu-Sulawesi Marine Ecoregion Program and in the last three years, as the Tuna

Strategy Leader of WWF’s Coral Triangle Network initiative. As strategy leader, he catalyzes

business and government to reform the tuna industry and put it onto a path of sustainability. He is

based in Manila, Philippines and lives with his family and three sons in Iloilo.

35

ANNEX 6. Monsoon Dialogues

MONSOON DIALOGUES

DRAFT 1.

he connections across the Western and Eastern Indian Ocean stretch back for millennia

as seafarers voyaged trading spices, fish and textiles. Today, there are parallel

challenges and opportunities with the Western Central Pacific also, especially related to

tuna fisheries and the desire of the nations in whose waters the fish occur, to benefit

more from their fisheries resources.

WWF recognizes this and has initiated a programme of exchange between staff from as far afield

as Fiji, the Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Madagascar and Tanzania to learn, share and scale

up conservation delivery. With these other offices, WWF Coastal East Africa Initiative is now

scoping whether this can be extended to leaders in fisheries management in government, civil

society organisations committed to justice, equity and sustainability and responsible, legitimate

seafood business actors.

These, primarily tuna fisheries resources have been heavily fished for several decades by mostly

distant water fleets. In the Western Central Pacific, a political grouping known as the Parties to

the Nauru Agreement (PNA) (include), began a process several years ago to begin to tip the

scales in their favor. They have set in train a number of significant political, technical and

financial measures to secure greater returns from their tuna resources as well as to begin to

address the significant fisheries management challenges that are present. This involves scaling

up their efforts to encourage the Regional Fisheries Management Organisation, the WCPFC to

improve its management of these resources also. In concrete terms, this is resulting in a

significantly increased price per day for any industrialised vessels to fish for tuna in their waters.

Although WWF acknowledges there are significant regional political, geographic and economic

differences between these regions, a fundamental similarity exists. This is that these countries

and those of the Western Indian Ocean desire, and need to secure the resources within their

EEZ’s and to influence the development and sustainability of fishing on the high seas – a critical

element not to be ignored. This is about nations determining their own sovereign destiny over

their fisheries resources and by doing so, about securing the maximum return from the efficient,

sustainable and controlled management of these important fisheries.

Today, far from being an uncaring distant actor, the market and the many actors within it, are a

major driving force and supportive tool for the sustainable management of fisheries resources.

There are also major buyers who explicitly support the right of countries to determine how the

benefits of sustainable fisheries are domesticated i.e. the value from sustainably managed

fisheries returns to the country where it’s caught.

T

36

Recently, the largest skipjack tuna fishery in the world was successfully certified by the Marine

Stewardship Council. This is under the framework of the PNA and recognises the significant

steps they have taken in the last 3-4 years to modernise their tuna fisheries management

frameworks. Although there remains a lot to be done within the PNA and at the WCPFC, the

MSC provides an independent transparent and supportive mechanism to encourage this.

Furthermore, through the process of certification, they have gained confidence to exert greater

collective strength to bring the negotiations with the United States over the US Multi-lateral

Treaty (for tuna) onto a playing field that first serves the region and the sustainability of the fish.

A Proposed Exchange

WWF firmly believes there is merit in the fisheries management leaders of the WIO and WCP

sharing their experiences in this arena. WWF is currently proposing to both the PNA, and to you,

the Fisheries Directors of this region, that an exchange process be established. WWF is seeking

the resources to enable this. A targeted opportunity exists to begin this exchange and to meet

counterparts in the WCP. This is the celebration of the first World Tuna Day, on May 2nd

in

Alotau, in Papua New Guinea. PNG is where the secretariat of PNA is based. This event is

where the PNA will celebrate the MSC certification for the peoples of these countries.

It will be a proud moment for the peoples of these developing countries to acknowledge they

have successfully shepherded a new paradigm for their fish into the future. One where the fish

are sustainable managed, fairly paid for, the fishers increasingly come from these countries and

that value is added to the fish locally ensuring the greatest possible economic return.

37