South Asia

MonsoonSeasonal winds that bring rain in the summerNecessary to water cropsToo much= floodingToo little=drought and crop failure

HinduismMain religion of IndiaMajor beliefs:

Many godsReincarnationCaste systemKarma and dharmaGoal to reach Moksha

Caste SystemSocial class system

based on birthCaste determines

occupation [job]Caste cannot be

changed in this lifetime

Based on karma[actions] and dharma [duties]

BuddhismReligion founded by Siddhartha GautamaFour Noble TruthsEightfold PathGoal to reach Nirvana

Sepoy Mutiny 1857Rebellion by Indian soldiers [Sepoys] against

the British East India CompanyStarted because of rumor that gun cartridges

were greased with animal fatResult- British government took direct

control of India

Gupta EmpireGolden Age of IndiaAdvances in science, mathematics, art and

literature

Civil DisobedienceNot following laws one thinks are unjustMethod used by Mohandas Gandhi to gain

independence from Great Britain

Salt MarchExample of civil disobedienceGandhi led march to sea to protest British tax

on salt

PartitionBritish India was divided into India and

Pakistan upon independencePartition was due to religious differenceIndia-HinduPakistan [West and East]- Muslim

Indian National CongressCreated to fight for independence from Great

BritainMohandas Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru

famous leadersParty which lead India upon independence

NonalignmentForeign policy of India under NehruIndia would not take sides in the Cold War-

no alliance with U.S. or USSR

Siddhartha GautamaHindu Prince who became the Buddha

Mohandas GandhiNationalists- fought for independence from

Great BritainMethods- non violence, passive resistance,

civil disobedience

Jawaharlal NehruFirst Prime Minister of independent IndiaSet up a mixed economy- government owned

major industries; private ownership of small businesses

Policy of non-alignment