South Africa

ANCAfrican National

Congress

ANC Info:•Founded in 1912•fights for rights of black South

Africans•1948-used passive resistance•1960-South African government

banned ANC and jailed its members

Stephen

Biko

•Born December 18, 1946•Died September 12, 1977•founder of Black Consciousness

Movement•Wanted Rights for black South

Africans•Died from head injuries he

received after being arrested

Stephen Biko’s gravesite

A Look at Apartheid

Segregated Beach

South African Miners on Strike

Wits University, 1987Student Demonstration

Whites OnlyBeach

Athlone, Cape Town 1988: Police take action against demonstrators, shooting and lobbing teargas, rubber bullets.

Johannesburg - In the days of apartheid segregated

toilets in the city for black and white people.

Robertson, Western Cape. 1990 Funeral for a

teenager killed by police during anti-apartheid demonstration.

Cape Town, South Africa 1989: The first legal march since

the Emergency where about 20 000 people protested

against police brutality in Cape Town. Led by Archbishop

Tutu, Boesak and other leading anti apartheid leaders

TownshipsA segregated area where blacks in South Africa were forced to live under apartheid.

Shack Window

Passbook

Every South African over the age of 16 had to carry a pass. It names the places where the person lives and works.

Bantustans• “Homelands” where black South

Africans were forced to live.

• poor quality land, few jobs

• Only about 14% of South Africa’s land was reserved for 68% of the population.

Nelson Mandela*South African leader of the ANC*Imprisoned for 27 years for “conspiring to overthrow the South African government”*In 1994 became the first black president of South Africa

VOTING!

F. W. de KlerkSouth African President from 1989-1994

de Klerk•Supporter of Apartheid, but realized it was

ruining his country•Removed ban on ANC •Ended many apartheid laws•Freed Mandela (Mandela was 72 years old!)•Worked with Mandela to improve South

Africa

Nelson Mandela and F. W. de Klerk won the Nobel Peace Prize for their work to end apartheid peacefully.

Kgalema Petrus Motlanthe

•Current President of South Africa

People in South Africa are still working to make the lives of their people better!

Apartheid Vocabulary

• Bantustan: “Homelands” where black South Africans were forced to live under racial separation

• Township: Black-only residential settlements near white cities

• “Whites”: People of European ancestry• “Asians”: People from India and other

places in Asia

Apartheid Vocabulary

• “Coloreds”: People of mixed ancestry• “Blacks”: Native Africans• Apartheid: The South African system in

which racial groups were kept separate, and racial discrimination was legal

• Boycott: The refusal to buy goods or use services from a particular group, company or country

Apartheid Vocabulary

• Afrikaners: South Africans who are descendents of Dutch, German, Belgian, and French settlers

• Nelson Mandela: First black South African president; jailed for 27 years by the South African government because he fought for black South African rights; he was 72 years old when released from prison (Feb. 1990)

Apartheid Vocabulary

• African National Congress (ANC): Political organization established by black South Africans 1912 to fight for equal rights; used passive resistance as a means of protest

• Boers: South Africans of Dutch ancestry• Enclave: Small territory or country entirely

surrounded by a larger territory or country

Apartheid Vocabulary

• Colonize: To settle an area and take over or create a new government

• Nationalism: Feeling of pride for one’s own homeland; a group’s identity as members of a nation

• Pan-Africanism: A movement that stressed unity among ALL Africans

Apartheid Vocabulary

• Discriminate: to treat people unfairly based on race, religion or gender

• Homeland: South African lands where blacks were forced to live under apartheid; driest and least fertile parts of the country

• Cape Town: The legislative capital of South Africa

Apartheid Vocabulary

• F.W. de Klerk: President of South Africa from 1989-1994; ended apartheid laws and freed Mandela; was vice-president under Mandela; Co-winner of the Nobel Peace Prize (shared with Mandela)

Apartheid Vocabulary

• Passbook: Every black South African age 16 and older was required to carry a “passport” inside their own country; passbook listed where you worked and lived; government did NOT want black South Africans to leave their designated areas

Apartheid Vocabulary

• Stephen Biko: Founder of “The Black Consciousness Movement” (BCM); wanted equal rights for black South Africans; murdered while in police custody

• Civil Rights Movement: Large group of people working together in the U.S. during the 1960’s to end segregation and provide equal rights for ALL Americans