soricomorpha (formerly insectivora) soricidae: shrews talpidae: moles
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Soricomorpha (formerly Insectivora)Soricidae: ShrewsTalpidae: Moles
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Soricomorpha
• Very diverse group• Probably polyphyletic• Ancient group, contains first placental mammals• 5 clawed toes on each foot• Long snout, tiny eyes, dense fur• Sharp teeth for catching & holding prey• Two PA families
– Soricidae (Shrews)– Talpidae (Moles)
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Soricidae: Shrews
• mouse-like• pointed nose• 8 PA species
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Short-tailed ShrewBlarina brevicauda
• large size (for a shrew)
• short tail
• dark gray
• abundant and widespread
• venomous
• subnivean in winter
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Northern Water ShrewSorex palustris albibarbis
State Rank: S3 (vulnerable), Global Rank: G4T5 (apparently secure)
• large size
• long, bicolored tail
• semiaquatic along bogs and mountain streams
• large, slightly webbed hind feet with stiff hairs on toes
• adept swimmer
• “Candidate Rare”
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West Virginia Water Shrew
Sorex palustris punctulatus
Threatened
Northern Water Shrew
Sorex palustris albibarbus
Candidate Rare
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Least ShrewCryptotis parva
Critically Imperiled, (S1B, G5)
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Moles: Talpidae
• fossorial
• greatly enlarged forefeet and limbs
• forelimbs permanently rotated
• reduced pelvic girdle
• sharp teeth
• 3 PA species
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Talpidae
Eastern MoleScalopus aquaticus
• not aquatic• short, naked tail
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Talpidae
Star-nosed MoleCondylura cristata
• unique
• 22 tentacle appendages around nostrils
• Eimer organs can sense electrical fields
• semiaquatic
• 44 teeth, 2nd highest of PA mammals
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Talpidae
Hairy-tailed MoleParascalops breweri
• small size
• short, hairy tail
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Hedgehogs
• Spines are hollow• Omnivorous• Nocturnal• Five toes on front
paws and 4 on back