Solubility & Concentration

Matthew Robob & Trav P.

• Solubility is the max amount of a solute that dissolves in a given amount of a solvent, & the constant temp.

• Solutions- are described as saturated unsaturated, or super saturated, depending on the amount of saluted solution.

• Saturated solutions- is one that contains as much solute as the solute can hold as a certain temp. when a solution is saturated the solvent can also be called “filled”.

• Unsaturated solutions- a Solution that has less then the max amount of solvent that can be dissolved.

• Super Saturated- is one that contains more saluted that it can normally hold at a given temp.

• Polar Solvents- have large dipole moments (aka “partial charges”); they contain bonds between atoms with very different electronegativities, such as oxygen and hydrogen.

• Non polar solvents contain bonds between atoms with similar electronegativities, such as carbon and hydrogen (think hydrocarbons, such as gasoline). Bonds between atoms with similar electronegativities will lack partial charges; it’s this absence of charge which makes these molecules “non-polar”.

• In general, the solubility of solids increases as the solvent temp. increases.

Unlike most solids, gases usually become less soluble as the temp. of the solvent increases.

• They use pressure to force carbon dioxide or (CO2) to dissolve in the liquid.

• Increasing the pressure inside the gas, increases the solubility in a liquid.

• Concentration- is defined as the abundance of a constituent divided by the total amount of a mixture.

Concentration is also expressed by the percent of volume, mass, and molarity.