solubility and dissolving - wordpress.com · 2015. 11. 28. · plenary filtering will separate a...
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SOLUBILITY AND DISSOLVING
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MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUIZ
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BY THE END OF THE LESSON YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO…
• Use the correct terms when talking about dissolving
• Understand what is happening to the particles when something dissolves.
• Explain how temperature affects solubility
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WHAT IS A SOLUTION?
A solution is a special type of mixture that is made when one substance dissolves and mixes fully with another.
For example, a cup of instant coffee is a solution.
The solid that dissolves (e.g. coffee granules) is called the solute. The liquid that does the dissolving (e.g. hot water) is called the solvent.
How many other solutions can you think of? © cgrahamphysics.com
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SOLVENTS AND SOLUTES
tea
flavours and sugar
salt
flavours/sugar/carbon dioxide
flavours and alcohol
water
water
water
water
water
black tea
orange squash
seawater
wine
fizzy drinks
substance solvent solute
What is the solvent and what is the solute?
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SPECIAL SOLUTIONS
Solutions do not have to be made from a solid and a liquid. Solutions can also be made by dissolving a gas into a solvent.
Liquids can also be dissolved in other liquids, like alcohol in wine, and solids can even dissolve in other solids.
For example, it is the dissolved oxygen in water that allows fish to breathe.
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TEST YOUR LEARNING
• If a solid dissolves in a liquid then the solid is called the
• _ _ _ _ _ _
• SOLUTE • If a solid dissolves in a
liquid then the liquid is called the
• _ _ _ _ _ _ _
• SOLVENT
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DO YOU REMEMBER?
• If a solid dissolves in a liquid then the mixture is called a • _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
• SOLUTION
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CAN YOU COMPLETE THE LABELS? Discuss
solvent
solute
solution
Saturated solution © cgrahamphysics.com
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DOES A SOLID KEEP DISSOLVING?
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DOES TEMPERATURE EFFECT SOLUBILITY?
Method • A Use a spatula to add 1 spoon of sugar to 10cm3
of ice water in a boiling tube. • B Stir gently all the time, until all the sugar has
dissolved. • C Keep adding sugar, one spoon at the time, until
no more sugar dissolves. • D Write down how many spoons of sugar could be
dissolved in cold water • E Repeat the experiment for water at room
temperature (20 degree) and boiling water • F How much sugar will dissolve in oil?
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WHY IS SUGAR SOLUBLE IN WATER BUT NOT IN OIL?
• Oil is not strongly attracted to sugar • Despite the oil surrounding the
sugar molecules, they do not have sufficient attractive forces to pull an individual sugar particle from the larger sugar cube • The cube doesn’t dissolve
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HOW DOES TEMPERATURE AFFECT SOLUBILITY?
Does sugar dissolve in cold tea?
It does, but not as much as in a cup of hot tea. The sugar is more soluble at higher temperatures.
The amount of a solute that can dissolve at a given temperature is called its solubility.
How does temperature affect the solubility of a substance?
The solubility of a substance usually increases as the temperature increases. © cgrahamphysics.com
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SATURATED
Model saturation: • We are going to Imagine that you are a sugar
cube and you are trying to be dissolved by a solution.
• For each sugar particle you will need 2 water molecules to keep the sugar dissolved.
sugar water
Saturated solutions animation.swf © cgrahamphysics.com
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A SATURATED SOLUTION…
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PLENARY
Filtering will separate a dissolved solid from a liquid. False
If you add more solid to a saturated solution it will dissolve. False
If you pour some water into a wide, shallow dish, more solid will dissolve. False
If you stir a saturated solution, more of the solid will dissolve. False
If you add more liquid to a saturated solution, more of the solid will dissolve True
If you heat a saturated solution, less of the solid will dissolve. False
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