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New English SchoolMembers Keshav YadavNayan LokhandeSatwinder SinghVivek YadavHarpreet Singh

Solid Waste ManagementStd.: IX D (Daffodil)

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

Sources, Types, Composition, Quantities and Main Elements in Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Management

Objective Of Solid Waste Management

The objective of solid wastes management to control, collect, process, dispose of solid wastes in an economical way consistent with the public health protection

Sources Of MSW

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Understand The Characteristics, Composition and Components of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)

Understand The Process of Generation and Handling of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW))

Waste GenerationWaste generation include activities in which material identified as no longer being of value and are either thrown away or gathered together for disposal.

CollectionElements of collection, includes not only the gathering of solid waste and recyclable material, but also the transport of these materials after collection, to the location where the collection vehicle is emptied.

Factor Influence Generation of MSWSocio-economic background:The buying powerIncome levelCultural backgroundLocality:UrbanRural setting

Handling and Separating Municipal Solid WasteWaste handling and separation involves activities associated with waste management until the waste is placed in storage containers for collection. Handling also include the movement of loaded containers to the point of collection. Separating different types of waste components is an important step in the handling and storage of solid waste at the source.

Understand The Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Collection Activities)

Collection ActivitiesThe most common collection services are curb/alley, set out/set back pickup, and backyard pickup. The collection services provided to large apartment buildings, residential complexes, commercial and industrial activities typically in centered around the use of large movable and stationary containers and large stationary compactors.

Curb or Alley PickupThe quickest and most economical point of collection.Using standard container that has been design by city council.

Set-out, Set-back PickupCollectors have to enter property.Set out crew carries full containers from resident storage location to curb/alley before collection vehicle arrives.Set back crew return the container to storage area.

Backyard PickupUsually accomplish by the use of tote barrels.The collector enter the residents property, dumps the container into a tote barrel, carries it to the trucks and dumps it.

Transfer and TransportTransfer and transportrefers to the facilities used to transfer of wastes from one location to another. -Small collection vehicles are transferred to larger vehicles that are used to transport the waste over extended distances to disposal sites.

Understand The Various Kinds of MSW Disposal Methods Such as Land Filling, Incineration and Organic MSW Composting

Sanitary Land FillingThe controlled disposal of solid waste on the upper layer of the earth mantle in a manner the environmental hazards is minimized.Important technical aspects in the implementation of sanitary landfills include:Site selection.Land filling methods and operation.Occurrence of gasses and leachate.Movement and control of gases and leachate.

IncinerationThe process of burning waste in large furnaces at high temperature is know as incineration.

It is used to dispose of solid liquid and gaseous waste .Incineration facilities generally do not require as much area as landfills.

At the end of the process all that is left behind is ash.

Incinerators System

CompostingCompost Is the product resulting from the controlled biological decomposition of organic material.

The starting material for composting are commonly referred to a feed stocks

Explain the environmental, social , economical, and political information available for municipal solid waste (MSW) a)The disposal site shall be capable of being characterized , modeled, analyzed and monitored.b)The disposal site shall be generally well drained and free of areas of flooding or frequent bonding.c)Depend on the type of accommodation, terrace houses , flats , commercial area or factories d)Collection service route

Effect of incineration sanitary landfill and composting to the environmentRelease hundreds of toxic chemicals into the atmosphere;Disposal of the ash (The toxic substance are more concentrated in the ash);Highly related to the economic condition;A classic short-term solution potentially useful (recyclable or compostable) (it destroys material by turning it into toxic ash);

Know 4Rs Concept and Justify Aspects and Issues related to recycling and composting of municipal solid waste (MSW)

Describe waste reduction ,reuse, recovery and recycling concepts.Method of waste reduction, waste reuse, and recycling are the preferred options when managing waste. 4Rs stand for:ReductionReuseRecoveryRecycling

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Identify the impact of reuse /recycle/ reduction on landfill design and operation.saves natural resources.reduces toxicity of waste.reduce cost.helps sustain the environment for future generations.reduces the need for land filling and incineration.

Explain on conventional and innovative waste utilization /recycling technologies.1.Conventional

Two types of composting process:Aerobic compostingAnaerobic composting

Factor that influence Aerobic composting process :Particle size 25 to 75mm for the optimum chemical reaction to occur The ratio of C:N (Carbon to nitrogen ratio)Moisture content should be in the range 50-60%Temperature the optimum temperature for the composting process is 50 to 70C PH control the optimum for micro activity is 6.5-7.5 to prevent loss of nitrogen as ammonia (NH) gas , pH should not exceed 8.5Mixing process to prevent dehydration on the surface of the compostAir requirements

2.InnovativeWill improve public health and safely achieveNon-toxic gases, which are created, are stored in special containers (gas cylinders) and used as fuel and energy creators. Method takes place in a close system, without releasing ashes, waste remnants, dusts and toxic gases into environment.

CASE STUDY :

THE EFFECTS

animals eat like cats and dogs, garbage lifted late in the barrel at the front door of his house will be wormy and rotten and then overflowing into the road shoulder.

not lasting the nauseating smell that permeates the house, every time you open the door until cause of the health and appetite.

experiencing severe odor pollution as wormy and rotting garbage in the trash lifted by garbage trucks.

Waste water overflowing from the truck in the road surface.

Affected neighborhoods wedding

contaminate views

raises displeasure

References