SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN KOHIMA

Dr. TOSHIMANEN OZUKUM

Addl. Director,

Municipal Affairs Cell, Urban Development,

Nagaland: Kohima

BACKGROUND

o Solid waste management is one of the most neglected urban services.

o It has lacked due attention in India and its urban areas.

o Solid waste Management (SWM) is one of the important obligatory functions of Urban Local Bodies in India.

o Implementation of Municipal Solid Waste (Management and Handling) rules 2000 by August 31 2003 by ULBs has become a distant dream.

o This service falls far short of desired levels resulting in problems of health, sanitation and environmental degradation.

INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY AREA

L E G E N D

NEW MARKET (C)

OFFICERS HILL

MID LAND

AGREE- FOREST

PORTER LANE

NEW MINISTERS HILL

UPPER

LOWER

PWD COLONY

DAK LANE

D BLOCK

KITZUBUTSOU

NAGA BAZAR

NORTH BLOCK

BUYUVU

HIGH SCHOOL

A.G. COLONY

CHANMARI

CHANMARI

MARIMMA VILLAGE

P.R..HILLS

PARA MEDICAL

NH

3

9 T

O IM

PH

AL

NH

39

NH 69 TO W

OKHA

NH 150 TO PHEK

TO

DIM

APU

R

TO J

OTSOM

A

NH

61

Bil

lyg

rah

am

Roa

d

MA

RIM

MA

V

ILLA

GE

BIL

LY

GR

AH

AM

R

OA

D

NEW

SEC

RETA

RIET R

OA

D

TA

NQ

UIS

T R

OAD

LA

DIE

SM

ILE

R

OA

D

MID

LA

ND

R

OA

D

00KM 1KM 2KM 3KM 4KM 5KM 6KM 7KM

1KM

2KM

3KM

4KM

5KM

6KM

7KM

8KM

9KM

GREATER KOHIMA

PLANNING BOUNDARY

KMC BOUNDARY

KMC AREA

VILLAGE BOUNDARY

VILLAGE

CAPITAL COMPLEX AREA

NATIONAL HIGHWAY

OTHER ROADS

LOCATION OF KOHIMA MUNICIPAL COUNCIL

IN THE GREATER KOHIMA PLANNING AREA

KOHIMA VILLAGE

CAPITAL COMPLEX

CIESAMA

VILLAGE

MEREIMA

VILLAGE

CANTONMENT

AREA

SOURCE: URBAN DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT

KOHIMA

MUNICIPAL

COUNCIL

0.5KM0.5KM 1.0KM 2.0KM 3.0KM0.0

S C A L E

N

DELHI

MUMBAI

CHENNAI

PUNE

MAP NOT TO SCALE

KOLKATTANAGPUR

LOCATION OF KOHIMA IN INDIA

LEGENDNAGALAND

KOHIMA

GUWAHATI KOHIMA

SOURCE: MAPS OF INDIA

PHEK

KIPHIRE

ZUNHEBOTO

TUENSANG

MON

LONGLENG

MOKOKCHUNG

WOKHA

DIMAPUR

PEREN

KOHIMA

M A N I P U R

MY

AN

MA

R

AS

SA

M

LEGENDDISTRICT HEADQUARTERS

RAIL LINE

NH

INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY

SH

DISTRICT BOUNDARY

STATE BOUNDARY

KILOMETERS5 0 5 15 25 35

SCALE

SOURCE:GIS CENTRE, NAGALAND

KOHIMA

DISTRICT

N

ORIGIN AND HISTORY

1878: KOHIMA ESTABLISHED AS CHIEF

ADMINISTRATIVE CENTRE

1881: THE DISTRICT OF KOHIMA

ESTABLISHED AS A SUB-DIVISION OF

FORMERLY NAGA HILLS DISTRICT WITHIN

ASSAM

1957: UNION TERRITORY BY AN ACT CALLED THE

NAGA HILLS TUENSANG AREA ACT OF 1957

1963:NAGALAND BECAME A FULL-FLEDGED

STATE WITH KOHIMA AS ITS CAPITAL

KOHIMA MUNICIPAL AREA CONTEXT

o Kohima Municipal Council is a young body

o Kohima city has been increasing in population due to its administrative importance, trade and commerce

o The natural topography is a constraint

o Kohima receives heavy rainfall most part of the year

o Health and environmental concern related with solid waste

o Aspiration for better services and improved quality of life

INTRODUCTION OF KMC AREA LOCATION

o KOHIMA LIES BETWEEN 94' 5' 11" TO 94 '7'12" EAST LATITUDES AND 25 '28'20" TO 25'31'51"NORTH LATITUDES.

o IT IS SITUATED ON THE DIMAPUR TO IMPHAL NH 39

TOPOGARPHY

o RUGGED AND HILLY TERRAIN

o MEAN ELEVATION OF THE CITY IS 1468 M ( RANGES FROM 150M -3000M)

o LIES IN SIESMIC ZONE V

o PRONE TO LANDSLIDES DUE TO HEAVY RAINFALL

REGIONAL LINKAGES

ROADS

o THREE NATIONAL HIGHWAYS 39, 61 AND150. WELL CONNECTED WITH STATE CAPITALS OF NEIGHBOURING STATES

RAIL

o NEAREST RAILWAY HEAD IS AT DIMAPUR, THE LARGEST URBAN CENTER AND COMMERCIAL CAPITAL WHICH IS 74 KM AWAY

AIRPORT

o NEAREST AIRPORT IS AT DIMAPUR AND CONNECTED DIRECTLY WITH KOLKATTA AND GUWAHATI

KOHIMA MUNICIPAL COUNCIL

o AREA 10.98 SQKM

o POPULATION 146914 (2011)

o NO OF WARDS 19

SOCIAL AND DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE

SOURCE:Census of India, 2001 & Urban Development Department, Govt. of Nagaland

250

200

150

100

50

0

-50 Population

Decadal Growth Rate (%)Year

Kohima Municipal Council-Population Growth Rate-1931-2001

100000

80000

60000

40000

20000

0

1931

1941

1951

1961

1971

1981

1991

2001

Po

pu

lati

on

Gro

wth

Rate

(%)

Mar

gin

ally

po

or

All

Bel

ow

Po

vert

y L

ine

Lo

w

Inco

me

Mar

gin

ally

po

or

Hig

h In

com

e

Genaral

SC

ST

OBCPE

RC

EN

TA

GE

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

SOCIAL GROUP WITH RESPECT TO INCOME

INCOME GROUPS

POPULATION GROWTH

SOCIAL GROUP

THE DECADAL GROWTH

RATE WAS THE HIGHEST

DURING 1961-1971 AT 197%.

IT WAS DUE TO THE

DECLARATION OF KOHIMA

AS THE CAPITAL AFTER

ATTAINING STATEHOOD IN

1963.

PRESENTLY THE ANNUAL

GROWTH RATE IS AROUND

5%

89.6 % OF THE POPULATION

CONSTITUTE SCHEDULED

TRIBE(ST) POPULATION

100 % OF BPL ARE FROM THE

ST POPULATION

EXISTING SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

MECHANISM

• Present Generation of waste is 60 tonnes/day @ 408 gram/ capita/day (Sorce: KMC)

• The Solid Waste Management in Kohima Municipal Council is decentralized with the involvement of all the Panchayats/ communities in all the colonies

• Door to door collection of waste

• An amount of Rs 1/- per day per HHs is collected by the Panchayats

• Disposal of Waste at a distance of about 15 KMs on NH 150

PROBLEMS FACED

Garbage not collected on time

PROBLEMS FACED

Choked Drains

PROBLEMS FACED

Health Hazard to the Workers

PROBLEMS FACED

Health Hazard to the Workers

PROBLEMS FACED

DUMPING SITE:

• Old dumping site on NH 39 affected by landslide and has been

abandoned

• New Sites have been procured a number of times by the KMC

but problems have cropped up due to complaints by the

adjacent land owners.

PROJECTS

A modern Landfill site is under construction below Lerie with

loan assistance by Asian Development Bank which will be

completed within the next 12 months.

THANK YOU