Solid waste management Discover, recycle and

reuse

Solid waste management

“It involves the collection, transport , processing , recycling or disposing and monitoring of solid waste material”

Improper management

Improper disposal Threats public health .Waste enhances insects growth act as vectors of diseases (transmit pathogens).

It leads to terrestrial and aquatic ,air pollution and water pollution .

it causes Technical and environmental difficulties , economic and social problems

Objective for SWM (solid waste management)

Reducing the quantity of toxic and hazardous chemicals and materials acquired, used, or disposed off by the agency

Increasing diversion of solid waste as required.Maintaining waste recycling programs .To Provide efficient and economical way of reuse

of collections through recycling.To provide Source for Energy generationTo Reuse and Recover the materials from waste.

TYPES OF WASTES

residential industrialcommercial

agricultural

mining

construction

Municipal solid waste Hazardous waste

Municipal solid waste

Methods of SWM

CompostingIncineration or combustionLandfilling

Composting

Composting involves the placement of carcasses beneath organic materials, which promotes decomposition at elevated temperatures and destroys pathogens present in the carcasses”

Indoor composting

It has been widely used by the poultry industry for bird mortalities.

Indoor composting is less affected by weather events, ambient temperatures and seasonality and more protected from wind, scavengers.

Outdoor composting

It involves placement of carcasses in compost piles that are long, narrow windrows or trapezoidal shaped and above ground.

May affected by weather events, ambient temperatures and seasonality

Procedure:

Place the carcass (or carcasses) on the bulking agent. If you’re composting calves or other smaller animals, place them starting at the back in a single layer, at least six inches apart.

Cover the carcass with another 12 inches of bulking agent. If the bulking agent does not feel moist, add water before covering the carcass

Record the species, weight, date, and amount of bulking material used

When the first bin is full or the pile is as tall as you can work with, start a second bin/pile if you have more mortalities.

Incineration

Waste treatment that involves combustion of disposible substances at high temperature results in ash, gases & heat.

Chemical process :Combustible part is combined with O2 CO2 + H2O (oxidation)

Open type incineration

Open type incineration involves combustion of solid material at open field using fuels (diesel, jet fuel,coal,)

Close type incineration

Close type incineration is carried out by close incinerator by using fuels such as Gas

Landfill methodRitual act of placing a dead person or

animal, and/or objects into the ground. This is accomplished by excavating a pit or trench.

Hazards and toxic substance can be dumped into soil by landfill method in order to prevents spreading

Precautions while selecting site for landfilling

Not floody area500 feet from residences, livestock facilities

and adjacent pastures owned or leased by another person.

300 feet from a road.

thanksConducted by Ali saqlain from PakistanAs_saqlain@yahoo.com