AUTOMATIC SOLAR TRACKING SYSTEM

MADHUMITHA JAYARAJ

ROJITHA Ch

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

III yr / EEE 1

OB JECT I VE

• Solar panel tracks the sun from east to west automatically.

• Improve the efficiency of solar panel.

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RESPOND TO ENERGY CHALLANGE

• Most promis ing RENEWABLE energy source

• Inexhaust ib le source of energy

• Environmenta l ly c lean source of energy

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SOLAR ENERGY MAP OF INDIA

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SOLAR ENERGY ELECTRICITY

• PHOTOVOLTAIC

-Photoelectric effect

• CONCENTRATED SOLAR POWER

-utilizes mirrors to focus light on water pipes, generating superheated steam to operate turbines

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M A J O R R O A D B L O C K S

INSTALLATION COST

SEASONAL NATURE

SOLAR PANEL INEFFICIENCY

STORAGE

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COMPONENTS

• Photo resistor / LDR

• Microcontroller(ATmega 32)

• Stepper motor

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PHOTORESISTOR

Light controlled variable resistor

Working principle- Photoconduct iv i ty

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S T E P P E R M O T O R

• Brushless DC motor.

• Stator energized by a microcontroller.

• Each pulse moves the shaft through a fixed angle.

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MICRO CONTROLLER

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• ATmega32 is an 8-bit high performance, low power microcontroller

• Contains 131 powerful instructions.Most of the instructions execute in one machine cycle

FEATURES: Analog comparator ADC

PRINCIPLE Assuming that in the tropical zone, where solar panels are most

effective, there is about 10 hrs. sunshine every day.

Total angle to be covered=180 ͦ t0 150 ͦ

Time taken for the sun to travel from sunshine to sunset ~ 10 hrs. = 10*60=600mins

Degree travelled per min = 150/600 =0.25 ͦ /min

Solar tracker is operated through the program in microcontroller

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ADC result = [VADC0 – VADC1]

if ADC result > Threshold;

motor rotates one step

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ALGORITHM

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APPLICATION

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• Efficiency of the solar panel is improved at a reduced cost

• Make best use of investment in PV system (photo voltaic)

CONCLUSION

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• Cost effective method to harness solar power

• It works for the global energy security

REFERENCE

• Y.Oner,E.Cetin, H. K. Ozturk, and A. Yilanci,” Design of a new three-degree of freedom spherical motor for photovoltaic-tracking system,” Renewable Energy, Vol. 34, pp. 2751-2756, 2009.

• M. A. Green, “Clean Electricity from Photovoltaics,” Ed. Mary D. Archer and R. Hill, Series on Photoconversion of solar Energy, V.1.

• Kaustav Sinha, Bipin Krishan “Tracking of sun for solar panels” Journal of automation and control engineering.

• “Photo sensor” Datasheet.

• “Microcontroller “ Datasheet.

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QUERIES.?