solar system vocab. geocentric system ptolemy – 140 a.d. greek astronomer believed that earth was...
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Solar system vocab
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geocentric system
Ptolemy – 140 A.D. Greek
Astronomer
believed that Earth was the center of the universe
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heliocentric system Nicolaus Copernicus – 1500s Polish
astronomer- thought that the sun is at the center of the system- current model thanks to Galileo looking through telescope
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solar system
Large planetary system with many smaller planetary systems and objects (planets and their moons)
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ellipse elongated
circle, oval shape
Path of orbitNot a perfect
circle
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nuclear fusion2 hydrogen = helium= sun
H
H
HeHe
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core #5 on picture
nuclear fusion reactions = energy
core is a very dark place!
Made of Plasma
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Photosphere #4 on picture Sphere that
makes lightPart we can
actually see
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chromosphere #2 on pictureMiddle layer Means color
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corona #1on picture
Outer layer looks like a halo or crown
Only visible during eclipses
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Sunspot #3 on picture Areas of gas
on the sun that are cooler
Look darker
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prominence #6 on picture
Huge loop of gas
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solar wind Corona sends
our a stream of electrically charged particles
aurora borealis- northern lights
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solar flare
Huge explosions on the sun
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terrestrial planetsMercury, Venus, Earth & MarsFour inner planets are small and
have rocky surfaces
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Gas giants Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus & Neptune
Large outer planets with stronger gravity
Keeps gases from escaping
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rotation Spinning motion of a planet about it’s own
axis ONE DAY 23 hr 57 min 4 sec (Earth) DIFFERENT FOR EACH PLANET
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satellite Any object that revolves around another
object in space Natural satellite = moon Artificial satellite= machine (cell phone
signals)
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revolution One year Earth 365.25 days (365) February 29 2008 leap year every 4th year
Movement of an object going around another object
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retrograde rotation
• Venus- travels east to west= clockwise
• Opposite direction of most planets
• It’s day is longer than it’s year
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greenhouse effect
• Carbon dioxide traps heat in the atmosphere
• Venus’ surface becomes hotter and hotter
• Trapping heat
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mnemonic device
• My Very Educated Mother Just Served Us Nine Pizzas
• Mercury• Venus• Earth• Mars• Jupiter• Saturn• Uranus• Neptune• Pluto