Solar Energy

Heat and Light

Energy• Can take many different forms

–____________

–Heat

–____________

Energy• Travels as __________

• Can have different wavelengths–_____________ between peaks

Solar Energy• Electromagnetic waves

–Can travel through _________

–This is called ______________

• Includes all the different _________________

Solar Energy

Solar Energy

• The energy that reaches Earth is mostly–______________ (IR) radiation

• heat

–Visible _____________• The rainbow

–Ultraviolet (UV) ____________• damaging

Solar Energy in the Atmosphere

• When this energy hits the atmosphere it can be–_______________

–__________ back into space

–________________

Solar Energy in the Atmosphere

• Water vapor and ___ absorb IR

• Ozone absorbs ______

• Clouds, dust, and other gases also ________ energy

Solar Energy in the Atmosphere

• Clouds ______ some energy back into space – like mirrors

• Dust particles and gas molecules _____ the rays in all directions–This is what you see when

you look at the __________

Why is the sky blue?

• ___________ wavelengths are ____________ more than red

• What about sunrises and sunsets?–The light is passing through

thicker atmosphere which filters more blue out see more reds

Solar Energy at Earth’s Surface

• The energy that makes it through the atmosphere reaches the ______ of the earth

• Can be–______________

–Absorbed

–Re-radiated as __________

Solar Energy at Earth’s Surface

• Some energy is bounced back (reflected) into _________________

• Some is __________ by land and water heat

Solar Energy at Earth’s Surface

• ______ gives off (radiates) heat

• This is in the form of ______ radiation

• IR radiation __________ travel through atmosphere very well

Greenhouse effect

• __________ by water vapor, CO2, methane and other gases–_______________ gases

–Hold _____ in the atmosphere greenhouse effect

Greenhouse Effect• Greenhouse effect needed

for _______ to exist on earth• BUT if we increase the

amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere then ___ ________ heat is trapped global warming

Energy Summary

Energy and Heat• ____ are made of molecules• The more energy molecules

have the _______ they move• ___________ is the average

amount of energy of motion each molecule of a substance has

Energy and Heat• Substances with ____ moving

molecules feel ___________

• Substances with ___________ moving molecules feel ______

Heat Transfer• Energy is _____________ from

hotter to colder objects as heat

• Heat _____ from place to place in three ways–_____________

–Conduction

–_____________

Radiation• _________ traveling through

space as electromagnetic waves

• Feel heat coming from a ___________–Sun–Fire–______________

Conduction• Direct transfer of heat through

___________ with the source

• Fast moving “hot” molecule _____ into slow moving “cold” molecule and makes it move faster

Convection• Transfer of heat when hot

molecules ____ to a new area

• Liquids and gases are considered ______________ –Molecules move from place to

place = _______________

How to heat your hands

• If you put your hands near it = ____________

• If you put your hands on it = ____________

• If you put your hands over it = ___________

Heat Transfer in the Troposphere

• Heat from _______ radiation heats air and earth’s ______

• Earth’s surface heats lower troposphere by __________

• Hot air _____ warming upper troposphere by convection

Heat Transfer Summary

Radiation

Conduction

Convection

Heat and Weather• The movement of _____ in the

atmosphere causes–Temps to change

–__________ to blow

–Rain to fall

Measuring temperature• One of the most important

elements of _____________• Use a _________________• The energy of the air is transferred

to the liquid in the bulb• The more ____________ the liquid

molecules the more space they need– Level rises

Temperature and density

• Fluids with ____ temperatures tend to have lower _________–Molecules bump against each

other more and push apart

–Why hot air _________