solar and wind hybrid generation system

8/6/2019 Solar and Wind Hybrid Generation System

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by S V Sashi Kiran(07261A0244)

K Aditya (07261A0218)Mohit Bhandula (07261A0233)

Project GuideProject GuideMrs P Lakshmi Supriya

Asst. ProfessorDept of EEE


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An emergency back-up or a parallel supply of electrical energy.

Use of renewable sources of energy.

Primarily focused on supply for group of houses (apartments).

Minimal maintenance when compared to conventional back up units.


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Large amount of initial investment.

Maintenance required.

Environmental pollution.


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Fig. 1


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The power from the sun intercepted by the earth isapproximately 1.8x10^11 MW

Environmentally clean source of energy. Available in adequate quantities all over the world. Applications:

-Water Heating

-power generation

-Space cooling and generation

-Distillation-Drying

-Cooking


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Coating of SiO having thickness ofabout 0.1 micro meter is put on thetop surface.

A typical cell develops a voltage of0.5 to 1 v and a current density of20-40 micro amperes/cm square.

To obtain higher voltages andcurrents individual cells are kept sideby side and connected in series orparallel to form a module.

Fig. 2


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Two important steps involved in working:

- Creation of pairs of positive and negative charges.

- Separation of positive and negative charges. For the first step to occur, the material of the cell

should be able to absorb the energy associated withthe photons of the sunlight.

The electrons occupy one of two energy bands.


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The difference between the energy levels of the

electrons in he two bands called band gap energy.

Photons having energy greater than Eg are absorbedin the cell material and excite some of the electrons.

The electrons in the conduction band and the holes inthe valence band are mobile. They can be separatedand made to flow through an external circuit


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IscIm

Voc

Vm

Current I

Voltage

V

Fig. 3


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Wind turbines rotate with wind flow

Coupled to a generator through few mechanicalcomponents

Sensors to sense the wind direction

1% of daily wind energy=present annual world total

energy consumption


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Fig. 6


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Maximum utilization of energy

Is achieved by use of pitch motors

Angle varies from (0-90) degrees

Practical pitching is 20 degrees


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Mechanism of rotation of nacelle

Wind opposition damages the rotor(fatigue loading)

Yaw drives activated by electronic controller

Fig. 7


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HAWT VAWT

Fig. 8

Fig. 9


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Vibration sensor Yaw sensor Twist stop sensor Anemometer

Wind vane

Fig. 10


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High annual average speed Availability of anemometer data(history) Wind curves Altitude

Terrain and aerodynamic Local ecology Metmast


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Horizontal axis 2 sets of rotors to double the voltage Curtain rod as shaft with dual ball bearings Gear box

Bicycle dynamo/PMDC Expected voltage: 3volts Voltage scaling up (if necessary) 78 series IC


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An inverter is an electrical device that converts directcurrent (DC) to alternating current (AC).

Types of inverters

I) Series Inverter.ii) Parallel Inverter.

iii) Voltage Source Inverter.

iv) Current Source Inverter.


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Two parts of the circuit

Triggering circuit

Power circuit

Astable multivibrator- IC CD 4047

Resistors and capacitors

Diodes

Transistors

Transformers


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Fig. 11


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Fig. 12


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ScalingScalingofofvoltagevoltage

Fig. 13


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THANK YOU

solar and wind hybrid generation system

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