soil samples from north vietnam mountain as a key to clue ocdd phenomena

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SOIL SAMPLES FROM NORTH VIETNAM MOUNTAIN AS A KEY TO CLUE OCDD PHENOMENA Andrey Shelepchikov, Efim Brodsky, Olga Vasina Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow,Russia; Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Center, Hanoi, Vietnam

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soil SAMPLES from north Vietnam Mountain As A Key to Clue OCDD PheNOmEna. Andrey Shelepchikov , Efim Brodsky, Olga Vasina Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow,Russia ; Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Center, Hanoi, Vietnam. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: soil SAMPLES from north Vietnam Mountain As A Key to Clue OCDD  PheNOmEna

SOIL SAMPLES FROM NORTH VIETNAM MOUNTAIN AS A KEY TO CLUE OCDD

PHENOMENAAndrey Shelepchikov, Efim Brodsky, Olga VasinaInstitute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences,

Moscow,Russia;Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Center, Hanoi, Vietnam

Page 2: soil SAMPLES from north Vietnam Mountain As A Key to Clue OCDD  PheNOmEna

Location – north Vietnam, Lao Cai province, Sa Pa district, national park Hoang Lien

Page 3: soil SAMPLES from north Vietnam Mountain As A Key to Clue OCDD  PheNOmEna

Hot-spot top (2005) Hot-spot top (2010) Belowhot spot

Ref. top

Rain water accumulator

2,3,7,8-D <0,1 <0,2 <0,2 <0,4 <0,2 <0,09 <0,03 0,02 0,02 <0,02 <0,01 <0,01 <0,031,2,3,7,8-D <0,2 <0,31 <0,3 3,31 <0,21 1,4 0,07 0,25 0,02 0,06 <0,01 <0,02 <0,05

1,2,3,4,7,8-D 1,1 0,84 3,3 14,2 0,47 4,2 0,17 <0,04 0,03 0,04 <0,01 <0,03 <0,031,2,3,6,7,8-D 1,3 1,2 3,5 20,3 0,72 7,6 0,16 1,95 0,07 0,27 <0,01 0,09 <0,051,2,3,7,8,9-D 6,0 1,2 6,3 21,9 1,19 12,0 0,76 2,14 0,35 0,54 <0,02 0,80 0,67

1,2,3,4,6,7,8-D 273 28,8 162 923 13,8 431 52,7 107 1,60 1,26 0,07 0,41 0,62OCDD 176060 4862 27940 136780 1480 47720 49090 13400 137 36,9 2,1 3,5 12,7

2,3,7,8-F <0,08 <0,16 <0,15 <0,3 <0,1 <0,04 <0,02 <0,02 <0,07 <0,03 <0,01 <0,01 <0,031,2,3,7,8-F <0,1 <0,2 <0,19 <0,3 <0,1 <0,06 <0,04 <0,03 0,01 0,06 <0,01 <0,01 <0,032,3,4,7,8-F <0,1 <0,2 <0,19 <0,3 <0,1 <0,1 <0,04 <0,03 <0,02 <0,04 <0,01 <0,02 <0,07

1,2,3,4,7,8-F <0,1 2,2 <0,2 <0,3 <0,2 0,09 0,04 0,04 0,01 0,07 0,01 0,01 <0,021,2,3,6,7,8-F <0,1 1,40 <0,2 <0,3 <0,2 0,13 0,03 <0,03 0,02 0,09 0,01 0,02 <0,051,2,3,7,8,9-F <0,1 1,60 <0,2 <0,4 <0,2 0,12 <0,02 <0,03 0,01 0,27 <0,01 <0,02 <0,042,3,4,6,7,8-F <0,2 0,64 <0,3 <0,4 <0,2 0,05 <0,04 <0,03 0,01 0,04 0,01 <0,02 <0,05

1,2,3,4,6,7,8-F 0,94 7,1 <0,2 <0,4 <0,2 0,76 0,37 0,21 0,14 0,38 0,13 0,06 0,131,2,3,4,7,8,9-F <0,2 1,4 <0,3 <0,6 <0,2 0,04 <0,04 0,02 <0,01 0,02 0,01 <0,01 <0,03

OCDF 1,15 7,6 <0,2 <0,3 <0,1 0,48 0,27 0,21 0,07 0,23 0,08 0,06 0,09Total TCDDs 2,7 3,2 12 7,2 3,9 1,6 0,06 0,40 0,14 0,5 <0,05 <0,09 <0,2

Total PeCDDs <0,2 <0,3 17,7 55 2,3 17,5 0,22 5,1 0,09 0,55 <0,06 <0,02 <0,25Total HxCDDs 93 16 85 381 9,1 161 3,9 38 1,7 2,1 0,04 2,9 1,4Total HpCDDs 746 89 496 2619 42 1165 100 274 4,1 3,3 0,15 0,8 1,2Total TCDFs 4,9 2,7 2,05 2,1 2,9 0,68 0,03 0,25 <0,1 1,6 <0,07 <0,1 <0,3

Total PeCDFs <0.2 <0,2 <0.2 0,6 <0.2 0,28 <0,2 <0,3 0,13 0,46 <0,08 <0,1 <0,3Total HxCDFs <0.2 14 <0.2 0,6 <0.2 2,1 0,27 0,27 0,19 0,82 0,09 0,09 <0,2Total HpCDFs <0,3 4,3 <0,3 0,6 <0,3 1,1 0,45 0,25 0,20 0,51 0,17 0,06 0,17PCP/PCP salt 579 68 106 96 94

PCDD/Fs and PCP concentration in soil samplesFact Supposition

The OCDD hot-spot - flat top of a hill (~100 м2, above sea level ~ 2120 m); most likely original pollution was

dotted.The neighbor top (~500 m on a straight

line) is not pollutedForest fire was not long ago.

Only trace amount of PCDFs were found

Neither chlorinated compounds has not been found in samples on OCDD

concentration levelPCP level in the hot-spot is low, but

higher than in other soil samples

OCDD could not be formed in technological processes without

PCDFs

Historical contamination or atmospheric deposition

accumulation are less probable

The source of pollution has been brought by the human

Forest's fire could not be a course of contamination

The fragments the plastic bag for loose goods have been found on the

hot-spot PCP salt and it’s water soluble impurities could be eluted by

rains.

If we accept that OCDD pollution is caused by PCP, we should allow

that stability of OCDD is much higher than other PCDD/Fs or

OCDD could form in-situ in soil.

Plastic bag could contain some chemicals.

Hot-spot top (2005) Hot-spot top (2010) Belowhot spot

Ref. top

Rain water accumulator

2,3,7,8-D <0,1 <0,2 <0,2 <0,4 <0,2 <0,09 <0,03 0,02 0,02 <0,02 <0,01 <0,01 <0,031,2,3,7,8-D <0,2 <0,31 <0,3 3,31 <0,21 1,4 0,07 0,25 0,02 0,06 <0,01 <0,02 <0,05

1,2,3,4,7,8-D 1,1 0,84 3,3 14,2 0,47 4,2 0,17 <0,04 0,03 0,04 <0,01 <0,03 <0,031,2,3,6,7,8-D 1,3 1,2 3,5 20,3 0,72 7,6 0,16 1,95 0,07 0,27 <0,01 0,09 <0,051,2,3,7,8,9-D 6,0 1,2 6,3 21,9 1,19 12,0 0,76 2,14 0,35 0,54 <0,02 0,80 0,67

1,2,3,4,6,7,8-D 273 28,8 162 923 13,8 431 52,7 107 1,60 1,26 0,07 0,41 0,62OCDD 176060 4862 27940 136780 1480 47720 49090 13400 137 36,9 2,1 3,5 12,7

2,3,7,8-F <0,08 <0,16 <0,15 <0,3 <0,1 <0,04 <0,02 <0,02 <0,07 <0,03 <0,01 <0,01 <0,031,2,3,7,8-F <0,1 <0,2 <0,19 <0,3 <0,1 <0,06 <0,04 <0,03 0,01 0,06 <0,01 <0,01 <0,032,3,4,7,8-F <0,1 <0,2 <0,19 <0,3 <0,1 <0,1 <0,04 <0,03 <0,02 <0,04 <0,01 <0,02 <0,07

1,2,3,4,7,8-F <0,1 2,2 <0,2 <0,3 <0,2 0,09 0,04 0,04 0,01 0,07 0,01 0,01 <0,021,2,3,6,7,8-F <0,1 1,40 <0,2 <0,3 <0,2 0,13 0,03 <0,03 0,02 0,09 0,01 0,02 <0,051,2,3,7,8,9-F <0,1 1,60 <0,2 <0,4 <0,2 0,12 <0,02 <0,03 0,01 0,27 <0,01 <0,02 <0,042,3,4,6,7,8-F <0,2 0,64 <0,3 <0,4 <0,2 0,05 <0,04 <0,03 0,01 0,04 0,01 <0,02 <0,05

1,2,3,4,6,7,8-F 0,94 7,1 <0,2 <0,4 <0,2 0,76 0,37 0,21 0,14 0,38 0,13 0,06 0,131,2,3,4,7,8,9-F <0,2 1,4 <0,3 <0,6 <0,2 0,04 <0,04 0,02 <0,01 0,02 0,01 <0,01 <0,03

OCDF 1,15 7,6 <0,2 <0,3 <0,1 0,48 0,27 0,21 0,07 0,23 0,08 0,06 0,09Total TCDDs 2,7 3,2 12 7,2 3,9 1,6 0,06 0,40 0,14 0,5 <0,05 <0,09 <0,2

Total PeCDDs <0,2 <0,3 17,7 55 2,3 17,5 0,22 5,1 0,09 0,55 <0,06 <0,02 <0,25Total HxCDDs 93 16 85 381 9,1 161 3,9 38 1,7 2,1 0,04 2,9 1,4Total HpCDDs 746 89 496 2619 42 1165 100 274 4,1 3,3 0,15 0,8 1,2Total TCDFs 4,9 2,7 2,05 2,1 2,9 0,68 0,03 0,25 <0,1 1,6 <0,07 <0,1 <0,3

Total PeCDFs <0.2 <0,2 <0.2 0,6 <0.2 0,28 <0,2 <0,3 0,13 0,46 <0,08 <0,1 <0,3Total HxCDFs <0.2 14 <0.2 0,6 <0.2 2,1 0,27 0,27 0,19 0,82 0,09 0,09 <0,2Total HpCDFs <0,3 4,3 <0,3 0,6 <0,3 1,1 0,45 0,25 0,20 0,51 0,17 0,06 0,17PCP/PCP salt 579 68 106 96 94

Page 4: soil SAMPLES from north Vietnam Mountain As A Key to Clue OCDD  PheNOmEna

The samples were analyzed by HRGC/HRMS (НР 6890 Plus / Finnigan MAT 95XP with an upgraded cooling system) using SGE BPX-5 column.

PCDD/Fs were analyzed by typical procedure. Full-scan experiments were run at different scan rate and m/z interval, in order to obtain the

most detail mass-spectrum. Mass measuring precision was controlled by 13C6-PCP, D8-DDD and native OCDD ions; in most

full-scan runs, it was ± 0,02amu. We analyze organic (toluene:acetone) and basic extracts from soil samples without any clean-up

or after passing through the micro column with sulfuric acid on silica gel.

RT: 8,48 - 74,98

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70Time (min)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100R

elat

ive

Ab

un

dan

ce12,63 14,07

14,94

12,10

35,68

41,77

31,2035,92

47,1033,2227,2616,09

40,02 50,4929,2718,67 38,3019,94 59,96 60,4859,6743,53 61,19 65,8153,99 69,06

NL:3,20E8TIC MS iv-2-2-full-bpx5-low,072

TIC chromatogram and OCDD mass-spectrum of soil sample from OCDD hot-spot (m/z 180-520, 2s/d, R=8000).

iv-2-2-full-bpx5-low,072 #2708-2721 RT: 47,00-47,22 AV: 14 NL: 2,84E6T: + c EI Full ms [ 179,50-580,50]

200 300 400 500m/z

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Rel

ativ

e A

bu

nd

ance

459,7346

207,0329

396,7712331,8085

281,0481

259,8746490,0566

D:\spectra\...\iv-2-2-full-bpx5-low,073 22.12.2010 11:48:51 IV-2.2 (Sa Pa)BPX-5, m/z 300-600s/d

RT: 28,60 - 30,00

28,6 28,8 29,0 29,2 29,4 29,6 29,8 30,0Time (min)

0

20

40

60

80

1000

20

40

60

80

100

Rel

ativ

e A

bund

ance

29,5129,27

29,0029,09 29,43 29,9629,8229,5928,71 29,7828,9128,78

29,30

29,39

NL:7,73E6TIC MS iv-2-2-full-bpx5-low,073

NL:2,98E5Base Peak m/z= 436,78-436,88 MS iv-2-2-full-bpx5-low,073

iv-2-2-full-bpx5-low,073 #1641-1652 RT: 29,25-29,44 AV: 12 SB: 61 28,71-29,23 , 29,44-29,98 NL: 2,95E5T: + c EI Full ms [ 299,50-600,50]

300 320 340 360 380 400 420 440 460 480 500 520 540 560 580 600m/z

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Rel

ativ

e A

bund

ance

309,28

401,86323,36

337,37 403,86436,83405,83399,86

366,41355,32 438,83410,38

372,36 418,45 445,09 490,43 532,97503,46474,99

iv-2-2-full-bpx5-low,073 #1641-1650 RT: 29,25-29,41 AV: 10 SB: 66 28,64-29,23 , 29,44-30,00 NL: 3,57E5T: + c EI Full ms [ 299,50-600,50]

310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440m/z

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Rel

ativ

e A

bund

ance

309,28

401,86323,36

337,37 403,86436,83405,83399,86366,41 438,83310,30

353,30 410,38342,85 434,83324,37322,35 367,41 411,37377,82 445,09358,05 397,36

iv-12acid-full,500 #2463-2467 RT: 42,89-42,96 AV: 5 SB: 2 42,75 , 43,17 NL: 1,45E5T: + c EI Full ms [ 299,50-660,50]

400 420 440 460 480 500 520 540m/z

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Re

lativ

e A

bu

nd

an

ce

499,8287451,8309

434,8020

484,7964428,4321

406,3603414,4063 515,5488466,8579

474,5043

iv-12acid-full,500 #2722-2729 RT: 47,40-47,52 AV: 8 NL: 9,18E4T: + c EI Full ms [ 299,50-660,50]

400 420 440 460 480 500 520 540m/z

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Re

lativ

e A

bu

nd

an

ce

399,3959

533,7458

518,7205490,7230

407,4656

460,4892442,4488

435,4945413,4053 446,4695473,5109

D:\spectra\...\iv-2-2-full-bpx5-low,073 22.12.2010 11:48:51 IV-2.2 (Sa Pa)BPX-5, m/z 300-600s/d

RT: 38,36 - 41,36

38,5 39,0 39,5 40,0 40,5 41,0Time (min)

0

20

40

60

80

1000

20

40

60

80

100

Rel

ativ

e A

bund

ance

40,5939,67 40,1539,61 40,6539,9538,83 40,2939,33 40,97 41,0638,76 39,28 39,7239,10 40,74

40,1540,11

40,08

40,2040,02

40,29

NL:9,39E6TIC MS iv-2-2-full-bpx5-low,073

NL:2,96E5Base Peak m/z= 501,75-501,85 MS iv-2-2-full-bpx5-low,073

iv-2-2-full-bpx5-low,073 #2241-2266 RT: 39,93-40,38 AV: 26 SB: 109 38,51-39,72 , 40,56-41,25 NL: 2,03E5T: + c EI Full ms [ 299,50-600,50]

300 320 340 360 380 400 420 440 460 480 500 520 540 560 580 600m/z

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Rel

ativ

e A

bund

ance

385,36

355,32

449,82

451,81501,80

447,82453,79 503,79370,34

486,78417,09400,39326,97 505,78310,92 352,87 455,77 549,13535,10 559,48 595,57

iv-2-2-full-bpx5-low,073 #2242-2264 RT: 39,95-40,34 AV: 23 SB: 78 39,08-39,79 , 40,45-41,09 NL: 1,09E5T: + c EI Full ms [ 299,50-600,50]

420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510m/z

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Rel

ativ

e A

bund

ance

449,82

451,81

501,80

447,82

434,80 453,79 503,79436,79

486,78417,09 497,81432,80 505,78

482,78414,40 488,77455,77429,87423,77476,00468,84 507,75441,12

O

(OCH3)2H3CO

Cl4 Cl3

unidentified

unidentified

Page 5: soil SAMPLES from north Vietnam Mountain As A Key to Clue OCDD  PheNOmEna

Identification criteria:

• Exact m/z• Characteristic EI mass fragmentation

pattern with presence at least five isotope ion clusters corresponding loss of neutral particles СН3, (СН3+СО) and Cl

• Rupture of Ar-O-Ar bond at biphenyl ethers

• True isotopic ratio for 4-5 main ions in molecular and fragmental clusters

Page 6: soil SAMPLES from north Vietnam Mountain As A Key to Clue OCDD  PheNOmEna

Tens injections

Hundreds MID windows

Thousand mass spectra

Much more in plans

Not all are conceived

Now ......

We identified

O

O

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

OCH3

Cl

Cl

Cl

O

O

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

OCH3

Cl

Cl

O

OCH3H3CO

Cl4 Cl4

O

(OCH3)2H3CO

Cl4 Cl3

O

H3CO

Cl4 Cl3

OCH3

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

O

ClCl

Cl

Cl Cl

H3CO Cl

Cl

ClCl

We assume

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