soil and rock equipment

7/28/2019 Soil and Rock Equipment

1/40

1.2

1.2.1

1.2.2

1.2.3

1.2.4

consolidationtest page 56

directsheartest page 61

triaxialtest page 69

data acquisition page 85

items page

buyersguide 88-91

consolidationbench 65

consolidationcells 58

constantpressuresources 77-78

dataacquisitionunit 89-92directshearannularapparatus 67-68

directshearapparatus 61-66

measuringinstruments (triaxial) 82

oedometer 56-60

samplingtube, handextruder, lathe 73-74

shearboxes 64

triaxialcells 73-76

triaxialloadframes 79-81

triaxialtest 69-72

volumechange 83-84

soilandrock

soilmechanics


2/40

56

ad 002

tecnotest1.2.1

dataacquisition

geotronic(ad002)microprocessor-Basedreadoutcontrolunit

generall speain, tests performed in the laborator to determine

the mechanical properties of soil are lenth and require numerous

measurements to be made at various intervals. Automatic data

acquisition is therefore recommended to lihten the techniciansworload, to avoid errors and, above all, to enable tests to be

continued into the niht and durin weeends/holidas.

TECNOTEST has a specific hardware and software sstem for such

needs, allowin the sinle channel data acquisition unit applied

to each machine, to be arraned in a networ. The unit is the well

nown gEOTRONIC.

graphic displa (baclit): 60 32 mm HOLD value e

TARE e

Pea value memorisation

Unit of measurement: N, daN, N, mm, micron, cm3, Pa

30,000 divisions

Power suppl (via eternal adaptor): 110-240V, 50-60Hz, sinle

phase - 10 Watts

Transducer input: 2 mV/V; 3 mV/V; 7 mV/V

Current loop interface

Up to 32 gEOTRONIC units ma be connected to create a

networ.

Optional software (AD 050/001) is available for transmittin data

to the PC and manain the test files in Windows applications.

Cloc - Calendar.

caliBrationfunctionallows:

Testin of output devices for malfunctions

Testin of non-volatile memor for malfunctions

Testin of analo-diital converter for malfunctions

Testin of displas and epads for malfunctions

kepad input of calibration parameters

Procedure for semi-automatic calibrationon 11 points equall divided over the full scale.

consolidationtest

t 665/n with pc


3/40

57

tecnotest 1.2.1

t 663/080

t 667/c

ASTM D 2435 UNI CEN ISO/TS 17892-5BS 1377ASTM D 4546

consolidationtest

consolidationcontainer t 667/c

fixedfulcrumoedometer t 663/020

setforpermeabilitytests t 663/080

consolidationcontainer t 663/B36

To be positioned on the oedometer; it allows the consolidation ofthe sample contained in shear boes T 666 - T 666/2 - T 666/4

(pae 64).

To be positioned on the oedometer; it allows the consolidation

of the sample contained in shear bo T 666/1.

Tecnotests consolidation cells ma be used as permeameters: to

complete the measurin apparatus for fallin head permeabilit,

set T 663/080 is available, and comprises:

V772/2 25 0.1 ccgraduatedBurette

V775/P Burettestand

v 791/t pvc tuBing: 6-9 mm. 2 m lon

one-dimensionalconsolidationtestsonsoil

The one-dimensional consolidation test ives useful informationabout the consolidation of a sample which is restrained laterall.

The test can be performed with the aim of determinin either

the relationship between imposed force and resultant strain or

between strain and time of application of a constant force.

The sample, of clindrical shape, is contained within an

indeformable rin and placed between two porous discs; a

series of calibrated weihts, applied to a lever sstem, transmit

a load to the load pluner which slides freel within the rin, thus

consolidatin the sample.

A measurement instrument indicates the aial strain of the sample.

Load capacit 160 on the lever arm, that is appro. 1.8 t on

the sample.

The lever arm adjustment is achieved b means of a screw pin

located on the load bride.

Specificatins:

Frame and lever arm made of special heat-treated cast aluminium

Load transmission elements made of steel

Lever arm/reaction pin with roller bearins

Articulation of load bride/pluner with spherical matchin

Lever arm counterweiht with screw adjustment

Weiht haner with two support plates

Lever arm with triple beam ratios, 9/1, 10/1, 11/1Lever arm release sstem with screw and adjustin rin nut

Dial aue/transducer support

Bubble level fitted to chec horizontal levellin of lever arm

Consolidation cell, strain measurin instrument and calibrated

weihts are ecluded and should be ordered separatel.

dimensions: 850 210 500 (h) mm.

weight: 22.5 .

t 663/020 (x2)

t 661 (x2)

dv 922/c (x1)

ad 100/011 (x1)

ad 002 (x1)

t 663/050 (x1)

t 663/060 (x1)

(weightsnot

included)

t 663/020 (x3)

t 661 (x3)

ad 100/011 (x3)

ad 002 (x3)

(taBleandweights

notincluded)


4/40

58

t 661

t 661/1

t 661/2

tecnotest1.2.1

t 661/1

t 661/3

completingpartsconsolidationcells

caliBratedweightsets

The cell base and load pluner are made of brass or stainless

steel, the sample holder rin and fiin pins too; a Pleilas

clinder is fitted to contain saturation water.

The cell is fitted with a drainae duct and watertiht fittin

between rin and base so as to allow permeabilit tests. Each

cell is supplied with two porous discs.

availaBlemodels:

cell

codesection

c2sample dia.

sample

height

weight

set code

T661 20 50.47 20 T661/10

T661/1 40 71.40 20 T661/11

T661/2 50 79.80 20 T661/12

T661/3 100 112.80 25 T661/13

These calibrated weiht sets have been calculated to enerate

the followin forces on the sample: 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16

and 32 f/sq. cm. The set of weihts for cell T 661/3 allows the

same sequence of loadin but up to a maimum of 16 f/sq.cm.

The previous table indicates the weiht sets correspondin to

the respective cells.

thesetscontainthefollowingquantitiesofweights:

weights(kg) T661/10 T661/11 T661/12 T661/13

0.125 0 0 2 0

0.250 2 0 1 2

0.500 1 2 3 1

1.000 1 1 1 2

2.000 1 1 1 1

4.000 1 1 0 0

5.000 0 0 1 1

8.000 1 1 0 0

10.000 0 0 15 1516.000 3 7 0 0

totalKg 64 128 160 160

t 660/z 0.125 kgcaliBratedweight

t 660/a 0.250 kgcaliBratedweight

t 660/B 0.500 kgcaliBratedweight

t 660/c 1 kgcaliBratedweight

t 660/d 2 kgcaliBratedweight

t 660/e 4 kgcaliBratedweight

t 660/l 5 kgcaliBratedweightt 660/f 8 kgcaliBratedweight

t 660/m 10 kgcaliBratedweight

t 660/g 16 kgcaliBratedweight

n.B.weightsmaybeorderedindividually:

precision 0.1 %

consolidationtest


5/40

59

tecnotest 1.2.1

dv 922/d

ad 115/026

ad 113/011

ad 100/011

ad 002

ad 100/011

dv 922/c dv 924

consolidationtest

instrumentsforstrainmeasurement

DV922/m analogdialgauge5 mmtravel,0.001 divisions (Rambold)

DV922/C analogdialgauge10 mmtravel,

0.01 divisions (Rambold)

DV924 analogdialgauge12 mmtravel,

0.002 divisions

DV922/D digitaldialgauge12 mm ()

0.001 resolution, 5 ure displa

T628/E1 analogdialgauge10 mmtravel,

0.01 divisions

N.B. aslowercostalternative, wesuggest:

The mechanical analo dial aue ma be replaced b an

electronic transducer havin same travel which, in combination

with a special control unit, enables measurements to be taen in

diital form or for data to be acquired automaticall.

AD100/011 linearBridgetransducer,

10 mmtravel,0.001 resolution

AD113/011 linearBridgetransducer,

10 mmtravel,0.002 resolution

AD115/026 potentiometrictransducer,

25 mmtravel,accurac 0.01 mm

AD002 geotronic

Microprocessor-based diital control unit.

30,000 () divisions.

5 diit raphic displa.

Current loop interface.

Internal storae of up to 100 data items.

Tare function.

Power suppl 220-110-240 V, 50-60 Hz, sinle

phase, 10 W.

AD225/007 oedometrictest software

AD225/008 ad 225/007 expansionfor

cvand kdetermination

AD225/004 oedometricswelltest software


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60

tecnotest1.2.1

t 661/6

t 661/8

t 661/7

t 663/050

t 663/060

sparepartsandaccessories

Benchesforoedometers

porousdiscsmadeofsiliconcarbide, suppliedinsetsof 2 pieces:

samplecuttersforundisturbedsamplesmadeofstainlesssteel:

calibratingdiscs:

singleplacebench t 663/050

singleplaceextensionbench t 663/060

threeplacebench t 662

Steel made, suitable for 3 oedometers.

Cannot be disassembled.

dimensions: 1000 780 960 (h) mmweight: 20

Made of stron profiled and plated steel, complete with shelf

and weiht haner.

Etension benches T 663/060 can be added if required.

Can be disassembled.

dimensions: 1000 1000 200 (h) mm

weight: 35

Made of stron profiled and plated steel when added to

T 663/050 provides 2 or more places.

Also complete with shelf and weiht haner.


weight: 25

t 661/a forsamplesdiameter 50.47 mm

t 661/B forsamplesdiameter 71.40 mm

t 661/c forsamplesdiameter 79.80 mm

t 661/d forsamplesdiameter 112.80 mm

t 661/6 forsamplesdiameter 50.47 mm

t 661/7 forsamplesdiameter 71.40 mm

t 661/8 forsamplesdiameter 79.80 mmt 661/9 forsamplesdiameter 112.80 mm

t 661/m forsamplesdiameter 50.47 mm

t 661/r forsamplesdiameter 71.40 mm

t 661/s forsamplesdiameter 79.80 mm

t 661/t forsamplesdiameter 112.80 mm

consolidationtest

t 662

+ 3 oedometers

withaccessories


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61

tecnotest 1.2.1

t 665/n

ap 032/005

ad 100/011

ad 100/026

ad 002 (3 pcs)

t 666

ASTM D 3038 UNI CEN ISO/TS 17892-10BS 1377:7

directsheartest

direct/residualsheartestsofsoils

This test is used to determine the shear strenth of a soil sample subjected to orthoonal stress with respect to the failure plane.

The sample is enclosed within a robust metal bo horizontall split into two halves and provided with a vertical pluner.

The shearin stress is created b imposin a movement of the lower half of the shear bo, whilst applin a static load to the loadpluner. In the more refined machines, called controlled displacement equipment, the variables that ma be measured durin

the test are as follows: vertical strain, horizontal strain, shearin stress whilst the vertical force and displacement speed are ept

absolutel constant.


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62

tecnotest1.2.1

t 665/n

Ba 003

dv 922/c

t 666

dv 922

electronicapparatusfordirectsheartesting t 665/n

Accurate, noiseless and reliable: this apparatus is of robust

construction, made to last, as the most widel-used instrument

in a soil testin laborator should be.

It is equipped with an advanced, electromechanical operatindevice comprisin a stepper motor, a precision made reduction

unit and final worm screw with reduced pla.

These devices are desined to obtain linear, micrometrical

movements at constant speed and, independentl from

force developed, fast reverse drive. Noise levels are virtuall

imperceptible and no maintenance is required.

Continual drive speed in either direction can be varied via the

electronic control unit from 0.00001 to 12 mm/minute.

RS232 Interface for PC. graphic displa (baclit).

The number of ccles, forward/reverse speeds and displacement

for the measurement of residual shear ma also be prorammed.

Instructions for use are provided in sequence on the displa unit

and data are input directl via the alphanumeric epad.

Also provided are separate buttons for rapid approach andstandard test speeds, as well as buttons to stop and reset

the unit. Safet alarm lihts are also provided (to sinal piston

overtravel and dnamometer overload).

Accommodates shear boes measurin up to 100 100 mm.

Bench, horizontal displacement of shear bo mechanism,

counter-balanced leverae sstem and vertical weiht haner

have all been made in either non-rust formin or chromium-

plated metals so as to eliminate all the painted surfaces most

subject to wear.

specifications: Ma. force forward/reverse: 6 N

Speed rane: 0.00001 12 mm/minute Different speeds ma be selected for forward and reverse drive

Speed/load limitations: none

Displacement movements: 0.03 m

Rapid approach speed (unloaded): 12 mm/min.

Forward/reverse ccles: prorammable up to 20 mm

Number of ccles: no limit to number which ma be

prorammed

Microswitches prevent piston overtravel and

dnamometer overload

Leverae sstem allows applied weihts to be

amplified b 10, 9, 7.92 and 6.125

A small handwheel serves to sustain/release the vertical load

Supports are provided for transducers, dial aues

and dnamometers.dimensions (without pacin): 1016 572 1548 (h) mm

weight (without pacin): 100

dimensions (paced): 1100 700 1250 (h) mm

weight (paced): 140 .

T665/N 220-240 v, 50 hz, singlephase, 325 w

T665/N1 110 v, 60 hz, singlephase, 325 w

N.B. The standard equipment supplied with the shear testin

apparatus does not include the followin essential components:- load and shear measurement instruments,

- shear bo or calibrated weihts.

Theseinstruentsaretberderedseparateyandaybe

chsenfrtheitesistednthefwingpages.

models:

directsheartest


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63

tecnotest 1.2.2directsheartest

analogmeasuringinstruments

Classic provin rins with mechanical measurement of deflectionand made of special treated steel, supplied complete with

microswitches to prevent overloadin/ tension, millesimal dial

aue and official calibration certificate.

Linearit is within 1% in the upper 80% of full scale and

repeatabilit is better than 0.5%.

load

BA003 provingringwith 3 kn fullscalefor 60 60 mm, 70 70 mm, 63.5 and67.7 mm diameter samples

BA006 provingringwith 6 kn fullscalefor 100 100 mm samples

Each provin rin (with relevant dial aue) is calibrated b

an Accredited Laborator which issues a CALIBRATIONCERTIFICATE.

The same provin rins, supplied with Tecnotest certificate are

also available.

BB003 provingringwith 3 kn fullscale

BB006 provingringwith 6 kn fullscale

Strain:vertica10-hriznta30

DV922/C analogdialgauge 10 mm travelaccuracy0.01 (oriinal Rambold)

DV922 analogdialgauge 30 mm travel

accuracy0.01 (oriinal Rambold)

T628/E1 analogdialgauge 10 mm travel

accuracy0.01

T628/E analogdialgauge 30 mm travel

accuracy0.01

As an alternative we also offer diital dial aues

(without data acquisition facilit):

DV923/10 digital dial gauge: 10 mm TRAVEl

ACCURACY0.01 mm

DV923/30digital dial gauge

: 30 mmtravel

accuracy0.01 mm

Low cost alternative:

digitalmeasuringinstruments

linearity- hysteresis 0.03% f.s.

load

Instead of the load rin, an etensometric tpe load cell ma be

fitted which, combined with a special geotronic readout unit,

enables measurements to be taen in diital form or for data tobe acquired automaticall.

AP032/005 loadcell - 5 kn capacity

AP032/003 loadcell - 3.5 kn capacity

geotronicdigitalcontrolunit

microprocessor-based ad 002

All the above-mentioned instruments are used in combination

with the sinle channel geotronic unit. The are supplied with

Tecnotest individual calibration certificate.

AD100/011 linearextensometricBridgetransducer




AD100/026 linearextensometricBridgetransducer25 mmtravel, accurac 0.001 mm



AD115/026 potentiometrictransducer


Strain:vertica10-hriznta30

BUyERS gUIDE PAgE 86

AD225/005 casagrande direct shear program

AD225/006 ad 225/005 expansionformeasuring

residual shear strength


10/40

64

tecnotest1.2.2

t 666

t 666/2

shearBoxesMachine-finished, consistin of:

lower element with fied base and liftin lus

upper element with loadin pad and handles for

displacement from the cutter mold to the bo

two perforated retainin plates

two non-perforated retainin plates connection pins

two porous discs

Four standard models are available in brass:

T666 FoR60x60x20SPECImENS

T666/1 FoR100x100x20SPECImENS

T666/2 FoR63.5dia.x20SPECImENS

T666/4 FoR67.7dia.x20SPECImENS

n.B.:the 100 x 100 mmshearboxrequiresalargehousingwhichis

suppliedatnoextracostifpurchasedtogetherwiththedirectshear

apparatus; tofitshearboxesmeasuring 60 x 60 mmand 63.5 mm

dia. intothishousing, aspecialadaptor t 666/12 mustbeordered.

T666/P pistonguideaccessoryforshearBoxt 666/4

to unicen iso/ts 17892-10

caliBratedweights

The succession of pressure multiples of 0.125 f/cm2 is obtained

b positionin the weiht haner at position (9) for 60 60 mm

specimens, (7.92) for 2.5 diameter specimens and (6.125) for

70 70 mm speclmens.

The succession of pressure multiples of 0.125 f/cm2 is obtained

b placin the weiht haner at position ( 10) of the lever arm.

precision 0.1%

Each model of shear bo is supplied with a special calibrated weiht

calculated to enerate an initial pressure on the sample of: 0.125

f/cm2.

To obtain pressure multiples of 0.125 f/cm2 (that is 0.250,0.500,1,2,4 and 8 f/cm2), two sets of calibrated weihts are

available, in particular:

T660/6 setofcaliBratedweightsfor specimens measurin60 60 mm, 70 70 mm and 2.5 dia. (63.5 mm)

Consistin of:

N1T660/A 0.25 calibrated weiht

N1T660/B 0.50 calibrated weiht

N.1T660/C 1 calibrated weiht

N1T660/D 2 calibrated weiht

N1T660/l 5 calibrated weihtN7T660/m 10 calibrated weiht

T660/7 setofcaliBratedweights for 100 100 mm specimens

samplecutters

porousdiscsandplates

Made of corrosion-resistant metal, the fit into a special

housin on the relative shear bo so as to allow the etrusionof the sample directl onto the shear bo.

Made of silicon carbide, supplied in sets of 2 pieces.

T666/A cutterforsamples60 60 20 mm

T666/5 cutterforsamples63.5 diameter 20 mm

T666/B cutterforsamples100 100 20 mm

T666/D cutterforsamples67.7 diameter 20 mm

T666/6 SETFoRSAmPlES60x60

T666/8 SETFoRSAmPlESDIA.63.5T666/7 SETFoRSAmPlES100x100

Made of sintered bronze, supplied in sets of 2 pieces.

T666/10 SETFoRSAmPlESDIA.67.7

Consistin of:

N1T660/B 0.5 calibrated weiht

N1T660/C 1 calibrated weiht

N1T660/D 2 calibrated weiht

N1T660/E 4 calibrated weiht

N1T660/F 8 calibrated weiht

N1T660/G 16 calibrated weiht

directsheartest


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65

tecnotest 1.2.2

t 666t 666/6

t 667

t 666

ad 100/011

ad 002

t 667

t 667/d

t 667/p

tr 205

dv 922/c

directsheartest

consolidationbenchforshearboxes t 667

The consolidation phase of soil of low permeabilit can be

ver lenth, thus it is convenient to consolidate specimens

simultaneousl but not on the direct shear machine itself.

The consolidation bench fulfils this purpose.

It is onl available in sinle place form thus allowin completefleibilit of the number of benches to bu and their rational

positionin within the laborator.

Specificatins:

Sinle place bench

Rust-proof shear bo container

Weiht haner and leverae sstem supplied as standard

Dial aue transducer support

dimensions: 900 200 1350 (l w h) mm

weight: 77

packeddimensions: 1200 600 500 (h) mm

packedweight: 113

N.B.:thefollowingitems, necessaryfortests, arenotincluded

andshouldBeorderedseparately:

shear bo

calibrated weihts

instrument for strain measurement

To complete the equipment refer to the information provided on

the previous paes

The load piston is used for etrudin the sample from the mould.

T667/D Load haner for weihts for triaial cell

T667/P Triaial cell housin platen

accessoriesforperforminganisotropicconsolidationon t 667 Bench:


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66

ad 162

ad 161

ad 163/d

ad 160

tecnotest1.2.2

ad 161

instrumentsfortransduceranddialgaugecaliBration

Economicall priced with essential equipment onl.

Supportin frame and micrometric head, 25 mm travel (0.001).

CpsitinSizerange

()

Prgressin

()

Terance

(icreters)

1 1.005 - 0.20

9 1.01~1.9 0.01 0.20

9 1.1~1.9 0.1 0.20

9 1~9 1.0 0.20

3 10~30 10 0.40

1 50 - 0.80

AD161 micrometer

In special steel, of nown and calibrated thicness, the are

normall used for checin and calibratin displacement

transducers. Housed in a small case, complete with calibration

certificate. Assortment of 32 pieces.

AD163/D digitalmicrometer

Travel 50 mm (0.001) complete with frame for transducers and

dial aues.

AD160 professionalmicrometricinstrument

Support with micrometric head, 0.001 mm divisions.Measurement rane from 0 to 25 mm.

A support bracet holds instruments havin diameters measurin

8 and 17.5 mm.


weight: 7 .

AD162 slipgauges

withtransducerandreadoutunitduringcaliBration

directsheartest


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67

tecnotest 1.2.2

t 800

directsheartest

directsheartestonannularspecimens

electronicapparatusfordirectshear

testonannularspecimens t 800

This test is hihl recommended for measurin residual shear

strenth on annular specimens.

The sample is subjected to a normal stress on level faces and to

a sinle torque parallel to same.

verticalloadingsystem Low friction pneumatic piston (rollin membranes)

Travel 11 mm

Ma. force 3000 N Precision pneumatic valve to reulate and maintain load.

N.B.

THE LOADINg SySTEM NEEDS TO BE SUPPLIED WITH

COMPRESSED AIR, DULy DEHUMIDIFIED AND FREE FROM

OIL, AT A PRESSURE OF NOT LESS THAN 500 kPA.

sensorsanddisplays Strain aue tpe torque meter to measure the torque values;

100 N.m capacit, non-linearit within 0.3%

Linear transducer to measure the vertical strain; 10 mm travel,

non-linearit within 0.3%

Pressure etensometric transducer to measure the vertical

loadin: 1000 Pa capacit, non-linearit within 0.3% 3 microprocessor liquid crstal displa units; discrimination

30000 dots, output in enineerin units, serial interface

1 control manometer for input air pressures

powersupply: 220 V, 50 Hz, sinle phase, 450 W


weight: 95

packingdimensions: 600 500 1000 (h) mm

packedweight: 110

electro-mechanicaldriveunit Stepper motor and pressure reducer

Ma. torque in use = 100 N.m

Ma. rotation of the bo = 1 turn

controlandfeedingunit Rotation speed can be selected steplessl

(ma. 12/s, 0.00002/s)

Automatic cut-out device after 1 complete turn

Commands for clocwise, anticlocwise, rapid and test rotation. Continual displa of shear strain

shearBox Materials: corrosion-resistant metal and Perspe

Ma be full taen apart for cleanin purposes

Compression rins are in permeable, sintered bronze and

are radiall toothed

Sample dimensions: outside diameter 100 mm, inside diameter

70 mm, thicness 20 mm


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68

tecnotest1.2.2

t 800

t 800

Also necessar is a Standard PC equipped with RS 232 interface.

This computer serves the sole purpose of instructin and loadin

each one of the peripheral readout units, as well as that of

recoverin the data memorised durin the test.

Durin an other stae, the computer ma be switched off or

used for other purposes.

The data acquisition unit returns the data in ASCII format files.

For processin and printin the test certificates, we recommend:

AD021/010 multiplexerforconnectingthevarious

geotronicunitsinanetworkrs 232

32 channel, current-loopgeneralinterfaceAD021/012 networkcaBle

(10 m lon) with connectors

AD021/003 3-wayconnectorBlock

AD050/001 pc/geotroniccommunicationsprogram,

windowsenvironment

This apparatus differs reatl from the traditional units in which

shearin stress is measured b means of an arm actin on two

provin rins or load cells.

Here a strain aue tpe torque meter, directl eed onto the

rotational ais, is used.

This solution, besides allowin reater precision, also enablesthe specimen to be positioned more easil.

Stress is displaed in diital form on a special readout unit. The

vertical loadin device is also new: the traditional weiht lever has

been replaced b an aial jac with Bellofram rollin membranes

operated b compressed air.

A precision valve enables load to be selected and maintained

constant, whilst a strain aue tpe transducer and relevant diital

readout unit continues displain the applied load measurement.

A third strain aue tpe transducer and respective diital readout

unit also provide aial strain of specimen durin consolidation

and shearin.

Anle of rotation is measured, aain in diital form, at stepper

motor with precision Harmonic drive ear bo.

ofparticularinterestisthepossiBilityofusingwithapc interface

inordertoacquiretestdataautomatically.

The apparatus is alread equipped with the appropriate interfaces

for connectin to Tecnotests data acquisition sstem .

ifthecustomerdoesnothavesuchasystem, inordertocreate

a computer network capaBle of managing up to 32 peripheral

geotronic units, thefollowingequipmentisnecessary:

AD225/014 directshearonannularspecimens

program

directsheartest


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69

tecnotest 1.2.2

porousdisc

p

porousdisc

pressureliquiddrainage or connection

forporepressure

memBrane

BS 1377:7

UNI CEN ISO/TS 17892-9UNI CEN ISO/TS 17892-8

ASTM D 4767ASTM D 2850BS 1377:8

triaxialtest

triaxialtestingapparatusforsoils

compositionoftheapparatus

In the classic Triaial Test the sample is cut or reconstructed in a

clindrical form, covered b an impermeable membrane, subjected

to hdraulic pressure within a special cell and then tested to failure

under an aial load.

The purpose of the test is to ascertain the shear strenth of the

sample and determine the relationships between stresses and

strains.

The advantae of the Triaial Test over the Direct Shear Test is

in the recreation of real conditions: the failure plane is no loner

conditioned b the apparatus itself but develops alon the plane

of lesser resistance within the sample.

The control of drainae and pore pressure allows the stud of

the effect fluids have on the mechanical properties of the solids

in the sample.

The triaial test also allows radial strain of the sample under

load, a feature not present in consolidation tests performed

with oedometers. Therefore the triaial test ma be useful in

identifin deformations where the Poisson Ratio of the material

is of importance.

2.SAmPlEPREPARATIoN

Samples of cohesive soil are normall taen from undisturbed

specimens b either borin or turnin on a lathe. The former

method is acceptable in soils of medium consistenc whilst

the latter is preferred for soft or hard material. With the borin

method, as well as a SapingTube of suitable diameter with

relative accessories, it is advisable to have a HandExtruder to

etrude the sample from the tube. A special Eectriclathe is

available for turnin samples to the required diameter. Naturall,

the lathe must be equipped with SupprtPatens of the same

diameter as that of the required sample. Once the sample has

been turned or bored it can be cut to its correct lenth (two times

its diameter) with level and parallel faces b placin it in a Tw-PartSpitmud and trimmin the ends with a trimmin nife

or wire saw. To reconstruct sand samples a Three-PartSpit

Frer of suitable diameter is used.

The Triaial Test Apparatus ma be composed in various was,

in order to ensure the most rational choice of component parts

we recommend that the followin uide is followed step b step

so as to identif the apparatus which most full satisfies all tests

liel to be encountered.

1.SAmPlEDImENSIoNS

Thestfrequentsapediaeteris38.1(1.5) . Larer

diameters ma be necessar if the sample contains coarse rains.

Small diameter samples are preferred with fine rained soils so

as to reduce the time needed for drainae and consolidation.


16/40

70

tecnotest1.2.3

3.ElEmENTSUSEDWITHINTHETRIAXIAlCEll

The Triaial Test ma be prorammed so as to allow or eclude

the hdraulic connection between the inside of the sample with

the ambient outside the triaial cell or with special measurin

instruments. Such connections require the use of special drainaemediums around the sample, in particular: PrusDiscs on the

top and bottom of the sample and FiterDrains around its sides.

However, if the sample must be isolated, the bottom porous disc

is replaced b an impermeable BaseDisc whilst the upper porous

disc is removed. In each case the sample is placed on a Pedesta

and a TpCap is placed on top of the sample. These elements

will have the same diameter as the sample.

To isolate the sample from the water within the triaial cell, it is

covered with a ver thin mebrane made of natural rubber (of

appropriate diameter) which is placed over the sample usin a

SuctinmebraneStretcher and a water-tiht fit is uaranteed

at the junction with the pedestal and top cap b usin Seaing

Ringsof appropriate diameter.

4.TRIAXIAlCEllS

The triaxia ce is a water-tiht container with hdraulic

connections at the base and a slidin load piston in the top. The

cell can be readil opened to allow the positionin of samples

and cell accessories.

The pedestal on which the sample sits is interchaneable with

pedestals of different diameter provided that these are compatible

with the cell itself. Three different cell sizes are available, the

choice of cell is determined b the size of sample to be tested.

The Triaial Apparatus ma include one or more cells (normall

three). Multiple cell sstems are justified inasmuch that a complete

Triaial Test normall requires three samples to be tested under

different confinin pressures. Therefore, considerable time

savins can be achieved b usin three cells in series, particularl

if the test includes sample saturation and lon consolidation times

before the samples are subjected to aial loadin.

5.CoNSTANTPRESSURESoURCES

Normall, the confinin pressure around the sample is furnished

b pressurised water, thus the triaial cell must be connected to a

sstem capable of providin pressurised water. This sstem must

also be capable of compensatin for eventual volume chanes ofthe sample b providin or receivin the correspondin volume

of water without chane in water pressure.

The sstem must also be capable of controllin the water pressure

to a hih deree of accurac. These sstems are commonl

nown as Cnstant Pressure Surces and are available in

various forms based on different worin principles and thus

have differin characteristics.

Tecnotest suests a valid alternative to the classic water-

mercur sstem: the BadderAir-WaterSyste more modern

and efficient. This sstem envisaes the use of a normal Air

Cpressr and an InterfaceCyinder where a thin rubber

membrane separates the air and water and prevents their miture

whilst allowin both mediums to maintain equal pressures.

The pressure is controlled b a special valve on the compressed

air feed line, whilst it is read b a Manometer on the line of

compressed water.

The accurac and response of this sstem depends upon the

qualit of the pressure reulatin valve; lon term reliabilit is

achieved b ensurin the suppl of clean dr air to the valve,

therefore it is advisable to provide anAirFiter and Dehuidifier

with RefrigeratrCyce to the air suppl line.

The advantaes of the Bladder Air-Water sstem are man; it is

compact, etremel eas to use, readil epandable, and able to

compensate for lare volume chanes. It should be noted that

lon interruptions to electric mains suppl can cause problems

to this sstem, indeed if the tan of the compressor is allowed

to dischare there will inevitabl be a decompression of thesstem as a whole.

A simple and economic pressure source is provided b theAir-

WaterCyinder and FtPupSyste. In realit this sstem

should not be considered as a serious alternative to the afore-

mentioned sstem due to the fact that its limited capacit of

compensation demands frequent adjustments to be made b

the operator.

However, this sstem ma prove valid if onl quic tests are to

be performed(Uncnsidated,Undrained).

triaxialtest


17/40

71

tecnotest 1.2.3triaxialtest

The apparatus consists of anAir-WaterCyinder which acts in the

same wa as an autoclave, a FtPup to pressurise the clinder,

a PressureGauge with relative mountinBracketandCap and

a set of FexibeNynHses for connection to the triaial cell.

The number of independent constant pressure sources required

in a triaial sstem ma var and will depend upon the number oftriaial cells in use, the tpe of tests to be performed, the deree of

fleibilit of the sstem and the amount of mone to be invested.

In all cases each cell will require at least one independent constant

pressure source to pressurise the water which surrounds the sample

in the triaial cell.However, it is advisable to provide the cell with a second

independent pressure source so as to furnish bac pressure. In

a relativel modest sstem with limited fleibilit, one source of

bac pressure ma be sufficient, this bein connected to each

cell as the need arises. More refined sstems will require separate

bac pressure sources for each cell in use. The need for bac

pressure is due to the frequent necessit to saturate samples

and eliminate even the smallest air bubbles trapped within the

hdraulic circuit connected to the inside of the sample.In practice the technique used is to increase the bac pressure

and cell pressure appropriatel so as to force an air to dissolve

into the water without creatin a difference in pressure between

the inside and outside of the membrane surroundin the sample.

In this wa it is possible to saturate the sample without ivin act

to the consolidation of the sample itself. Once saturation has been

achieved variations in pore pressure ma be accuratel monitored

durin the aial loadin of undrained tests, thus providin data

for the correct interpretation of the test.

Naturall, bac pressure should not be provided b the air-water

clinder and foot pump sstem because the process of air

dissolvin into the water will occur within the clinder and not

where it is necessar, that is within the sample.

6.loADFRAmE

Once the operations of hdraulic pressurisation and consolidation

have been completed, the triaial cell is placed under a lad

Frae which has the function of applin an increasin aial

load on the sample up to sample failure. The characteristicsof the load frame are ver demandin unless onl quic tests

(Unconsolidated, Undrained) are to be made.

In fact, the increase in strain in certain slow tests is minimal and

epressed in terms of micro meters per minute. On the other

hand, it is necessar to be able to reulate the rate of strain

applied to the sample within a ver lare rane and, ideall,

full variable so as to allow the correct selection of strain for

each particular test. Another requisite of the load frame is the

accurac and continuit of strain rate independentl of the forces

encountered.

The load frame should be selected in function of the maimum

load force required which in turn will depend upon the

consistenc of the material to be tested and sample diameter.

A load of 10 N is more than sufficient for 1.5 samples. A load

of 50 N is recommended for larer diameter samples or if the

load frame is to be used for other laborator tests (e.. C.B.R.).

Three-place version (50 N) is particularl interestin: it allows

simultaneous testin of 3 samples, thus savin time.

example of a system using 12 constant pressure sources for

saturating and consolidating 6 samples simultaneously, with

suBsequentfailureincompressiononthreeplaceloadframe.


18/40

72

tecnotest1.2.3

7.mEASURINGINSTRUmENTS

Instruments for measurin load and aial strain will need to be

applied to the load frame; if analo readins are sufficient for

these two parameters then normall a Provin Rin and Dial

gaue are used.

If diital readins are required, Electronic Sensors described

elsewhere in this cataloue are used.

The capacit of the load measurin instrument should be

compatible with the loads to be measured which will depend

upon the resistance and diameter of the sample. It ma well

be necessar to purchase various capacit load measurin

instruments.

As a eneral rule, if onl 1.5 samples are to be tested, a load

measurin instrument with a capacit of 200 f is normall

sufficient. The travel of the aial strain measurin instrument

is also dependent on the diameter of the sample and should

not be less than 20% of said diameter.

Other measurin instruments ma be connected to the triaial

cell, these include:

Pressure Sensors

Volume Chane Sensors

The former are used to measure pore pressure durin sample

saturation and durin aial loadin in undrained tests. The

latter are used to measure volume chanes of the sample

durin consolidation or durin aial loadin in drained tests.

For rapid Unconsolidated Undrained tests on cla samples

these instruments are not normall used. In the past, pressure

measurements were normall made with in instruments nown

as Null Indicators which consisted of small transparent

siphons containin mercur. One side of the null indicator is

connected to the triaial cell whilst the other side is connected

to manometers and a volumetric pump.

This pump is used to form a bac pressure to equalise the pressure

from the triaial cell, the correct pressure is that which eeps the

mercur in the correct position within the siphon, the resultant

bac pressure, which equals the pore pressure, is read on the

manometers. In practice the use of this instrument demands reat

care and lac of attention b the operator or misuse can easil lead

to the loss of important test data and the annulment of the test.

For this reason, nowadas preference is iven to Electronic Pressure

Transducers connected to Diital Displas.

The transducer is fitted to the triaial cell via a De-airingBck,

and the pressure is epressed in enineerin units directl on

the displa. When the triaial apparatus is connected to a Data

AcquisitinSyste, the use of these electronic transducers is

compulsor. The number of transducers necessar is normall one

per each cell in use, however one transducer with relative de-airin

bloc ma be transferred from one cell to another.

With reference to the measurement of volume chane, the trend is

for the traditional TwinBuretteVueChangemeasuringUnitsto be replaced b TwinChaberHydrauicVueChangeUnits.

In the twin burette sstem the flow of water is measured b the

movement of an interface of water and an insoluble liquid of lower

densit than water (erosene) within a raduated transparent tube.

The twin chamber hdraulic cell uses a different principle; a piston

is housed within a clinder usin two rollin membranes which

allows its movement without friction and uarantees perfect water

tihtness.

The positionin of this piston in the middle of the clinder creates

an upper and lower chamber which are isolated one from the other.

The lower chamber is connected to a constant pressure source

whilst the upper one is connected to the triaial cell. The equalisation

of the pressures in each chamber is automatic because the piston

membrane roup acts as a deformable interface without riidit.The volume chane is calculated b the movement of the piston

due to the flow of water into, or out of, the chamber.

In practice the movement of the piston is measured b a dial aue

and the correspondin volume chane is obtained b multiplin

this movement b the calibration coefficient of the instrument.

This device lends itself to the use of electronic transducers so as to

obtain diital displa of the results directl in enineerin units (with

relative control unit) or to be connected to a data acquisition sstem.

This sstem therefore is to be preferred to the former sstem which

does not offer such possibilities.

The number of volume chane measurin devices to be used will

normall be equal to the number of triaial cells in use, the are

connected to the line of bac pressure or cell pressure; in morerefined sstems both lines ma be fitted with a volume chane

measurin device.

In conclusion we recall the traditional volume chane measurin

device usin GraduatedBurettes fitted to a drainae line.

Naturall this device onl wors at ambient pressure (without bac

pressure).

In order to use the raduated burette the triaial cell must be fitted

with a UniversaVaveGrup.

8.ACCESSoRIES

In tests where pore pressure measurement is required, de-airin

equipment is particularl important: Tecnotest proposes the classicvacuum method usin pump, tan and valve assembl.

triaxialtest


19/40

73

tecnotest 1.2.3

n 210

n 205

n 208

tr 205

tr 205/001

tr 205/002

tr 205/009

tr 205/007

triaxialtest

1.sampledimensions

2.apparatusforsample preparation

handextruder n 210

Components for samples of other diameters ma also be supplied

althouh these ma not be immediatel available from stoc, for

eample:

The production of cell components is coded in the followin

standard series:

Cde Sapediaeter()

TR205

35.0

38.1

50.0

TR206 70.0

TR207 100

Sapediaeter(inch) TriaxiaCe

2.0 TR205

2.8 TR206

3.0

4.0 TR207

SAmPlINGTUBE

Made of thin-walled stainless steel with cuttin ede and calibrated

internal diameter, the tube heiht is twice the diameter. Accessories

for sample etrusion are supplied as standard with each tube, these

include a pluner and receivin tube made of brass. The stainless

steel samplin tube ma also be ordered separatel.

Standarddia.

()

Speciadia.

(inches)Cdes

Spre

partcde

35.0 N212 N212/1

38.1 N205 N205/1

50.0 N206 N206/1

2.0 N214 N214/1

70.0 N207 N207/1

2.8 N215 N215/1

3.0 N216 N216/1

100 N208 N208/1

4.0 N217 N217/1

This apparatus allows the insertion of samplin tubes into a

soil sample with a rac and pinion mechanism with minimal

disturbance, it is then used to etrude the resultant sample from

the samplin tube.

max. clearanceBetweenplatens: 435 mm

min. clearanceBetweenplatens: 0 mm


weight: 21 .

lISTEDHEREBEloWISTHERElEVANTEUIPmENTFoRTHEITEmSHIGHlIGHTEDINTHEINTRoDUCTIoN.


20/40

74

n 204

n 204/t

tecnotest1.2.3

tr 207/016tr 207/014

tr 205/005 tr 205/004

electriclathe n 204

manuallathe/trimmer n 204/t

An electric motor with variable speed control is used to turn

the sample. A cuttin disc can then be moved both horizontall

and verticall so as to trim the sample to the required diameter.

The lathe is supplied complete with 38.1 mm diameter support

platens. Support platens of other diameters, which shouldcorrespond to sample diameter required, should be ordered

separatel.

Ma. sample diameter: 106 mm

Ma. vertical movement of cuttin disc: 220 mm

Turnin speed: 100 rpm.

powersupply: 220 V, 50 Hz, 1 ph. 200 W


weight: 15 .

specimensupportplatens

N204/R Cuttin disc (spare part)

Standarddia.

()

Speciadia.

(inches)

Cde

(setf2)

35.00 N204/A

38.1 N204/C

50.0 N204/D

2.0 N204/E

70.0 N204/F

2.8 N204/G

3.0 N204/H

100.0 N204/I

4,0 N204/l

Soil sample can be trimmed with the aid of a wire saw.

The cuttin uides have to be positioned for obtainin

dia. 35- 38.1- 50- 70 and 100 mm.Ma heiht of sample: 200 mm.

two-partsplitmoulds

These moulds have hihl accurate uide pins to ensure precise

alinment so as to allow the trimmin of turned samples with flat

and parallel ends. Heiht equivalent to two times the diameter.

Standarddia.

()

Speciadia.

(inches)

Cde

35.0 TR205/025

38.1 TR205/005

50.0 TR205/045

2.0 TR205/03570.0 TR206/025

2.8 TR206/005

3.0 TR206/015

100.0 TR207/016

4.0 TR207/005

splitformersUsed to construct samples of incoherent soils. Once the lower

porous disc, membrane and sealin rin have been fitted to

the pedestal affied to the base of the triaial cell, the former is

placed around the pedestal, the membrane is stretched up over

the former and the sample soil is placed in the former in laers

and tamped appropriatel. The second porous disc and top capare then positioned and the membrane sealed to the top cap

with another sealin rin. At this point the three-part split former

is opened. Models of 100 mm and those with 4 dia. ma be

divided into four parts. The models up to 76.2 mm (3), into three

parts. Particular care has been taen in their desin, uide pins

bein hihl accurate. Precision machined and made of brass for

diameters up to 70 mm, and of aluminium for larer diameters.

Standarddia.

()

Speciadia.

(inches)

Cde

35.00 TR205/024

38.1 TR205/004

50.0 TR205/044

2.0 TR205/03470.0 TR206/024

2.8 TR206/004

3.0 TR206/014

100.0 TR207/014

4.0 TR207/004

triaxialtest


21/40

75

tecnotest 1.2.3

tr 205/001

tr 205/010

tr 205/004

tr 205/009 tr 205/003 tr 205/002

tr 205/007

tr 205/005

tr 205/018

tr 205/006

triaxialtest

3.elementsusedwithinthetriaxialcellPrus Discs: made of silicon carbide, the have

particularl hih permeabilit to water and are easil de-

aired.

Fiter Drains: with vertical bands obtained from filter

paper. Supplied in pacs of 50 pieces.

Base Disc: in Perspe (small diameters) or aluminium

(lare diameters).

Pedesta: made of non-corrosive aluminium, has two

drainae ducts, base aset and stainless steel fiin

screws.

TpCap: made of Perspe (small diameters) or aluminium

(lare diameters) and provided with a stainless steel loadin

sphere. A drainae duct with relative fittins and cut outvalve (for undrained tests) are fitted as standard .

mebranes: made of hih qualit natural rubber. Supplied

in pacs of 30 pieces.

SuctinmebraneStretcher: used for placin membranes,

made of brass and supplied complete with rubber tube.

SeaingRings: made of Neoprene. Supplied in pacs of

30 pieces.

std. spec. pedestal topcap Base porous suction memBranes sealing filter celldia. dia. discs discs memBrane rings drains compatiBility() () stretcher

35.0 tr 205/021 tr 205/022 tr 205/023 tr 205/029 tr 205/006 tr 205/017 tr 205/018 tr 205/020 tr 205

38.1 tr 205/001 tr 205/002 tr 205/003 tr 205/009 tr 205/006 tr 205/007 tr 205/018 tr 205/010



70.0 tr 206/021 tr 206/022 tr 206/023 tr 206/029 tr 206/006 tr 206/027 tr 206/008 tr 206/030 tr 206

2.8 tr 206/001 tr 206/002 tr 206/003 tr 206/009 tr 206/006 tr 206/027 tr 206/008 tr 206/0103.0 tr 206/011 tr 206/012 tr 206/013 tr 206/019 tr 206/006 tr 206/007 tr 206/028 tr 206/020

100 tr 207/011 tr 207/012 tr 207/013 tr 207/019 tr 207/006 tr 207/017 tr 207/018 tr 207/020 tr 207

tr 207/001 tr 207/002 tr 207/003 tr 207/009 tr 207/006 tr 207/007 tr 207/008 tr 207/010


22/40

76

tecnotest1.2.3

tr 205

tr 207

4.triaxialcells

pedestaladaptor tr 206/205

The transparent tube, made of spun Perspe, and stainless steel

reinforcin rins are bloced between the non-corrosive aluminium

head and lower flane usin stainless steel tie rods. The basewhich is also made of non-corrosive aluminium is connected to

the lower flane b stainless steel bolts.

Thus the cell is essentiall composed of two parts, the base and

the bell clinder which is readil removed for access to the interior

of the cell.

The load piston is made of machine-finished stainless steel which

passes throuh a precision-made hole in the head of the triaial

cell. Water tihtness is uaranteed b a sealin rin made of a

special low friction material. Four no-volume chane valves are

fitted as standard to the base. The piston bloc device/anvil for

dial aue/transducer is also fitted as standard and is made of

stainless steel and non-corrosive aluminium. Each cell underoes

strinent controls to their full pressure before despatch to verif

the overall water tihtness of the cell.

tr 205 cellforsamplesupto 2 diameter



tr 205 tr 206 tr 207

sample 35-38.1-50-50.8 70-71.1-76.2 100-101.6diameter ()

max. 101.6 152.4 203.2sampleheight ()

max. 1700 kPa 1700 kPa 1700 kPaworkingpressure

()

dimensions 330 250 445 410 300 545 430 330 550()

weight (kg) 6 10 22

This accessor allows small diameter samples to be tested in

the medium size triaial cell TR 206 thus increasin the rane of

possible sample diameters for this cell ( from 35 mm to 76.2 mm).

triaxialtest


23/40

77

tecnotest 1.2.3

tr 305/m

tr 305

tr 305/010tr 305/020

triaxialtest

air-waterinterfacecylinder tr 305

pressuremultiplier tr 305/m

This compact, accurate sstem has been desined to provide a

constant pressure which can be controlled between 0 and 1000Pa. It requires connection to an air compressor. Naturall, the

maimum pressure which can be reached over lon periods of

time is that which activates the rechare motor of the compressor.

The sstem itself consists of one or more interface clinders

connected to each other and one or more manometers for readin

the pressure. The manometer has si inlets to allow connection

to a maimum of si interface clinders. The interface clinder

consists of a clinder in which a bladder is loded, reulation

valve, hdro-pneumatic circuit, complete with no volume

chane valves, air vents, conduits and junctions. This desin

eliminates the traditional centralised control panel which had

the disadvantae of severel limitin subsequent epansions to

the overalI sstem. All the component parts are of non corrosive

material and the reulatin valve is of the hihest standard andetremel accurate.

Ma. worin pressure: 1000 Pa.

Ma. input air pressure: 1700 Pa.

regulationrange: 0-1000 Pa.

cylindercapacity: 3500 cc

dimensions: diameter 240 550 (h) mm.

weight: 20 .

accessoriesandspareparts:TR205/T Rilsan tube diameter 6 8 mm: 20 m

TR305/1 Pac of 6 bladders

TR305/2 Pac of 10 bladder sealin rins

TR305/3 Pac of 5 bladder centerin rins

TR305/4 Bladder sealin rin placin tool

This device doubles the hdraulic pressure output from the

TR 305 and enables confined triaial tests to be performed up

to 20 bar provided an air compressor capable of maintainin a

pressure of 10 bar is used.

Made in anodized aluminium it has two special membraneswhich reduce friction to a minimum while increasin precision.

The amplification factor is uaranteed b special testin and

calibration performed in our facilities: output pressure (pressure

source manometer) is multiplied b this factor.

An autonomous diital manometer, 0-20 bar, is available as an

option for direct readout of pressure.

A b-pass valve shuts off amplification so there is no need to

remove the device when not needed.

maximumdisplacement: 400 cm3.

dimensions: diameter 150 350 (h) mm.

weight: 8 .

accessory:TR305/031 Diital manometer with 0-20 scale

and autonomous, batter-run power suppl

analogmanometricunit tr 305/010

digitalmanometricunit tr 305/020

Support column with 6 inlets and no-volume chane valves.

Dial aue class 0.5, diameter 200 mm, scale 0-10 bar (0.1 bar

resolution).

dimensions: diameter 220 470 mm.

weight: 12

Same as TR 305/010 but provided with diital manometer

(microprocessor based), linearit-hsteresis 0.10% FS, rane

0-10 bar (0.001 bar resolution).

Internal batteries (alaline: 4 pcs - 1.5 V. size AA).

dimensions: diameter 220 370 mm.weight: 10

accessory:tr 305/030 Diital manometer, scale 0-10 bar

5.constantpressuresourcesBladderair-watersystem


24/40

78

tecnotest1.2.3

d 815

d 816/3

d 816 d 816/1d 816/2

compressorsandaccessories

electriccompressor

air-watercylinderwithfootpump(uu. test)

D816 SIlENTAIRComPRESSoR(63dB)

Air deliver: 340 litres/min; pressure: 12 bar ma pressure; tan

capacit: 3 litres.workingpressure: 10 bars

powersupply: 220 V, 50 Hz, 1 ph


weight: 110

D816/1 AUXIlIARYVERTICAlTANK(50itres):

15barfrD816

diameter: 305 929 (h) mm

weight: 30

D816/2 AIRDEHUmIDIFIER(370itres/in)

withrefrigeratedcyce

powersupply: 220 V, 50 Hz, sinle phase.

dimensions: 350 300 500 (h) mm.weight: 30 .

D816/3 AIRFIlTER


50 litre tan, 110 litres of air per minute, 10 bar ma pressure.

Worin pressure 8 bars. Complete with pressure reduction unit,

pressure switch and aue. Eempt from ANCC test (Ital).


weight: 70 .

D815 Power suppl: 220/380 V, 50 Hz, three phase

D815/H Power suppl: 220 V, 50 Hz, sinle phase

accessory:D815/P Device for increasin worin pressure up to 10 bar

(It has to be ordered toether with the air

compressor)

TR301 air-watercylinderwithinputandoutput

valves

Ma. worin pressure 1000 Pa.

Capacit 3.5 litres.

weight: 4.5 .

TR301/002 Bracketandclamp

Used to secure the pressure aue to a column

of load frame.

TR301/004 pressuregauge

Class 0.5, 150 mm diameter, raduated scale

0-16 bar with 0.2 bar divisions.

TR301/006 flexiBlehosesandconnectors

TR301/008 maxpressure 1000 kpafootpump

weight: 2.5 ,

important note

1) inordertooptimizeusageandensurevalidityoftests,aconstantpressureof 10 barmustbemaintained.

2) ifthecompressorislocatedintheworkenvironmentthenthesilentaircompressorisrecommended.3) cleanlinessofcompressedairdetermineslong-termefficiencyoftheregulationvalvessowestronglyrecommendequippingthecompressorwithairdehumidifierandoilfilter.use ofa standardair compressor (max. 8-10 bar) for generallaboratoryusecouldresultindifficultiesinperformingthewholerangeoftests.

tr 301 withaccessories

triaxialtest


25/40

79

tecnotest 1.2.3

tr 115

ap 032/005

ad 100/026

ad 002 (x2)

tr 205

triaxialtest

6.loadframes

compression/tension

machine50kn

The series illustrated below has been specificall desined for

triaial tests on soils; however, the can also be emploed for

other tests both in compression and tension where particularl

low, precise, constant speeds are required.Our model utilises a sophisticated electromechanical operatin

device which permits continual speed selection without the use of

ears, this reatl improves the response of the machine and the

pla inherent in traditional eared sstem is eliminated. The movin

mechanism has been positioned in the upper part of the machine

where there is far less possibilit of infiltration of dirt and water.

Furthermore, this results in a base of reduced dimensions which,

with the application of optional accessories, allows the application

of constant vertical loads.

The control console provides for the power suppl and control

for the motor. It also contains a fan for the forced ventilation of all

parts subject to heatin. The front panel of the control containsthe followin functions:

- numeric pad for selectin test speed and buttons- reulatin

forward/reverse of both test and rapid approach speeds. An

alphanumeric displa shows the selected speed whilst various

warnin lihts on the panel indicate which functions have been

selected. The RS 232 interface allows remote control via PC.

A full set of accessories is available, for eample a set for

unconfined compression tests and a special base bench which,

alon with a loadin haner and leverae sstem, allows the

application of direct weihts for constant load tests or anisotropic

consolidation.

Thans to their reduced dimensions and notable capacities, these are

the classic multipurpose machines preferred b man laboratories.

The continual speed selection rane is wide enouh to satisf the

requisites of standard triaial tests. Naturall these can also be used

for other tests such as unconfined compression, C.B.R. etc.

The eneral desin is such as to protect the electro-mechanical

components from possible damae from water, dust and impurities.

The drive mechanism is housed in the upper cross-beam, whilst the

electronic control console can be separated from the main structure

if desired.

The base is of reduced dimensions permittin the application of the

optional accessories (loadin haner, weihts, etc.) constant load

tests or anisotropic consolidation can be made without problems.The horizontal clearance is such that it allows the use of special lare

diameter cells. The columns and cross-beam are over-dimensioned

to ensure riidit of the structure in both compression and tensile

testin. The vertical span can be modified b movin the upper

cross-beam; two spirit bubbles assist in the centerin of the machine.

theBallseatingattachmentforcompressiontestingandthelower

Baseplatearesuppliedasstandard.allaccessoriesshouldBeordered

separately. seethefollowingpages, and Buyers guide onpage

90-91.

specifications: Ma. capacit in compression and tension 50 N

Continual speed selection between 0.00001 and 12 mm/min Precise, constant response, irrespective of load

Rapid approach/unloadin speed 12 mm/min

Useful piston travel 100 mm

Accepts triaial cells for samples up to 100 mm diameter

electronic control console located in protected functional position,

can be separated from machine

Visible micro-switches to prevent piston overtravel

Predisposition for command of micro-switch on load rin or

electronic load cell.

max. verticalclearance: 910 mm

horizontalclearance: 440 mm

lowerplatendiameter: 160 mmdimensions: 800 540 1600 (h) mm


packedweight: 200

weight: 140

TR115 220-240V,50Hz,SINGlEPHASE;450W

TR115/01 110V,60Hz,SINGlEPHASE;450W

models:


26/40

80

tecnotest1.2.3

loadframewiththreetestBays

specifications: Ma. capacit in compression and tension 50 N

Continual speed selection between 0.00001 and 12 mm/min

Precise, constant response, irrespective of load

Rapid approach/unloadin speed 12 mm/min

Useful piston travel 100 mm

Accepts triaial cells for samples up to 100 mm diameter

Electronic control console located in protected functionalposition, can be separated from machine

Visible micro-switches to prevent piston overtravel

Predisposition for command of micro-switch on load rin or

electronic load cell.

Ma. vertical clearance: 910 mm

Horizontal clearance: 440 mm

Lower platen diameter: 160 mm

Thebaseatingattachentfrcpressintestingandthe

werbasepatearesuppiedasstandard.

A acce ss rie s sh ud be rd ered separate y. See the

fwingpages,andBuyersGuidenpage90-91.

TabetpsupprtsfrtheGetrnicunitsarentincuded;

herebewtwaternativesarereccended:1pieceTR001/S3r

2piecesTR001/S3

It allows failure of three samples in the three triaial cells

simultaneousl.

In addition to standard drive mechanisms, a cross-beam is joined

to the supportin columns b means of ball-bearin couplins.Vertical clearance ma be adjusted with a certain approimation,

but for fine adjustment the operator must reulate each test ba

separatel.

A force of 50 N ma be obtained in the central ba; those at

each side enable a differential load of up to 5 N to the obtained.

Test speed (from 0.00001 to 12 mm/min.) and other specifications

are the same of those of the TR 115, sinle test ba model.


weight: 200


packedweight: 270

TR115/300 220-240V,50Hz,SINGlEPHASE;450W

TR115/301 110V,60Hz,SINGlEPHASE;450W

models:

triaxialtest

tr 115/300

ap 032/005 (x3)ad 100/026 (x3)

tr 205 (x3)

ad 002 (x6)

tr 001/s3 (x2)


27/40

81

tecnotest 1.2.3

tr 115/t

cBr

triaxialtest

accessoriesforloadframes

fortriaxialtestswithconstantloadingand

anisotropicconsolidation:TR115/B supportingBenchwithopentop

TR115/C loadhangerfordirectweights

TR115/l leveragesystemstoamplifyloading (x10)

adedicatedBenchisalsoavailaBle:TR115/A anisotropicconsolidationBench

completewith tr 115/c and tr 115/l

forthe c.B.r. test:TR115/T staBilisingBarforthepenetrationpiston

BA201 penetrationpiston

T630 dialgaugetransducersupport

T630/2 transducerextensionfor t 630

Calibrated weihts and measurin instruments ecluded.

forunconfinedcompression (inadditiontothe c.B.r.accessories):T630/5 upperplaten 100 diameter

TR630/3 adjustaBledatumBaranddialgauge/supporttransducer

tr 115/Bwithanisotropicconsolidationaccessories

(tr 115/c - tr 115/l)

and tr 115 loadframewithdigitalmeasurement

instruments

tr 115/a + accessories

unconfinedcompression


28/40

82

tecnotest1.2.3

ad 115/011

ad 113/011

ad 100/011

Ba 005 Ba 040 Ba 050

ap 032/005

ad 100/026

7.measuringinstruments

load(stress)

deformation (strain)

Fiin blocs and microswitch to prevent damae to the rin.

Linearit 1% in the upper 80% full scale.

Repeatabilit better than 0.5%.

Made of special steel subjected to heat-treatment to improve the

elastic properties. A dial aue (RAMBOLD oriinal) is positioned

within the provin rin to read its deformation which is epressed

in 0.001 mm.

Each BA model provin rin (with relevant dial aue) is calibrated

b an Accredited Laborator which issues a calibration certificate.

The BB models provin rins are calibrated in Tecnotests

laborator and are supplied with in-house certificate.

Each provin rin is supplied with its own specific conversion tablewhich enables individuation of the strenth load of the sample

correspondin to the rin deformation.

provingrings

extensometricloadcellsStainless steel built, clindrical bod S tpe load cells.

Thermal compensation, optimum precision.

Linearit - hsteresis 0.03% F.S.

Repeatabilit (%) 0.01 F.S.

Nominal sensitivit (mV/V) 2 Recommended suppl voltae (V) 10

Nominal suppl voltae rane (V) 1-15

Maimum suppl voltae (V) 18

Protection class (EN 60529) IP67

BothanalogordigitalinstrumentsmayBeused:

DV922 analogdialgauge (ramBoldoriginal)30 mm travel, 0.01 mm accurac

T628/E analogdialgauge

30 mm travel, 0.01 mm accurac

AD100/026 extensometricBridgetransducer

25 mm travel, 0.001 mm accuracAD113/026 extensometricBridgetransducer


AD115/026 electronicpotentiometrictransducer


models capacityn capacitykg

Ba 001 BB 001 1000 100

Ba 002 BB 002 2000 200

Ba 003 BB 003 3000 300

Ba 005 BB 005 5000 500

Ba 006 BB 006 6000 600

model capacityn capacitykg

ap 032/003 3500 350

ap 032/005 5000 500

ap 032/010 10000 1000

triaxialtest


29/40

83

tecnotest 1.2.3

ad 002

tr 440/v

tr 440/st

ad 115/026

triaxialtest

volumechangeAs stated in the introduction, Tecnotest has replaced the traditional

twin burette sstem with the automatic volume chane device

incorporatin a twin chamber clinder with rollin membrane.

tr 440/st volumechangedevice (dualchamBer)

Made of bronze with a measurement capacit of 100 cc.

Supplied with 2 rollin membranes.

Ma. worin pressure: 1000 Pa


weight: 6.5

mEASUREmENT I NSTRUmENTS HAVE To BE oRBEREDSEPARATElY.

analogversion:

t 628/e dialgauge, 25 travel, accurac 0.01 mm

digitalversion:

Three different models of transducers are available.

ad 115/026 electronictransducer25 mmtravel,

accurac 0.01 mm

ad 002 geotronicdigitalcontrolunit

ad 113/026 linearextensometricBridgetransducer

25 mmtravelaccurac 0.002 mm

ad 100/026 linearextensometricBridgetransducer25 mmtravel

accurac 0.001 mm

For measurin volume chanes of more than 100 cc we suest:

tr 440/v valvegroupforflowchange

This device, when connected to the TR 440/ST allows the

measurement of volume chanes above 100 cc.

Usin four no-volume chane valves the flow into the chambers

is reversed whenever the piston nears its full travel.

tr 500 universalvalvegroup

Used to connect the triaial cell to drainae burettes.

tr 500/001 10 ccdrainageBurette

tr 500/002 20 ccdrainageBurette

ad 002 geotronicdigitalcontrolunit

microprocessor-based

() 30.000 divisons

5 diit raphic displa

Current-loop interface

Internal storae of up to 300 data items

Tare function

Power suppl:

220-110-240V, 50-60 Hz, sinle phase, 10 W


30/40

84

tecnotest1.2.3

tr 305/030

tr 697/d

v 899

tr 001/s3

porepressure

de-airingequipment

Microprocessor based, linearit-hsteresis 0.10% FS, rane0-10 bar (0.001 bar resolution).

Internal batteries (alaline: N 4 - 1.5 size AA).

dimensions: dia. 80 50 135 mm.

weight: 0.5 .

withdataacquisition:TR205/510 de-airingBlock

for connectin transducer to triaial cell

AD002 geotronicdiital control unit, microprocessor based

TR205/500 pressuretransducer

0 - 1000 Pa

TR205/501 pressuretransducer

0 - 2000 Pa

withoutdataacquisition:TR 205/500 and AD 002 have to be replaced b:

TR305/030 digitalmanometer

Made of transparent Perspe with aluminium caps and

attachments for direct wall mountin.

De-airin jet inlet and flow outlet connection.

Capacit: 15 litres

dimensions: 800 220 220 mm.

weight: 10 .

Particularl suitable for laborator use for its small

dimensions. Manometer with vacuum indication.

Ma vacuum 1 Torr.

powersupply: 220 V, 50 Hz, sinle phase, 300 W


weight: 13 appro.

TR697/V 3-valve assemBly

TR697/D de-airing tank

V899 vacuum pump (66.6 litres/minute)

V793 pvc tuBing

diameters: 6-9 mm, lenth: 2 m.

table-topstandforgeotronic tr 001/s3

Indispensable for tidil arranin the various geotronic units

that comprise a complete triaial sstem.

Made hold up to 6 geotronic units.

Built in anodized stainless steel and stainless steel.

dimensions: dia. 220 700 (h) mm

weight: 3

triaxialtest


31/40

85

tecnotest 1.2.3dataacquisition

acquisitionandautomaticprocessingoftestdata

The direct shear apparatus, oedometer and triaial apparatus

ma be fitted with electronic transducers compatible withthe information sstem produced b Tecnotest.

Such sstem allows the automation of data acquisition of the

tests, calculations and the presentation of the test results

in the form of certificates or raphs.

Each transducer is coupled to a gEOTRONIC control unit

actin as a data displa device or sinle channel stand

alone data acquisition unit. Each control unit has a current

loop interface which controls information to be transmitted

to a central PC.

A special proram in the PC allows the various geotronic

units in the networ to acquire data automaticall accordin

to a protocol reulatin the time required for the specific

ind of test to be carried out, after which the computer mabe switched off or used for other purposes.

On commencin the test, each geotronic measures and

stores the data accordin to the previousl established

protocol.

When data needs to be transferred to the central PC, the

various geotronic units are interroated b means of a

special proram and then transmit the measurements taen

up to that point.

Once the data are stored and available in the PC, it is

possible to create files compatible with the processin files

such as those proposed b Tecnotest or those acceptin

input from ASCII files. The stored testin files can be

operated also usin Ecel, Word etc.

Besides the transducers and relative on-board geotroniccontrol units, in order to create a networ capable of

manain up to 32 peripheral geotronic units, the followin

equipment is required:

AD021/010 multiplexerforconnectingthevarious

geotronicunitsinanetwork(RS 232/32-channel current loop

eneral interface)AD021/012 networkcaBle(10 m lon)

AD050/001 pc/geotroniccommunications

programanddataacquisition.

windowsenvironment





An IBM-Standard personal computer, equipped with an

RS 232 interface, is also necessar.

This computer serves the sole purpose of instructin and

loadin each one of the peripheral readout units, as wellas that of recoverin the data memorised durin the test.

Durin an other stae, the computer ma be switched off

or used for other purposes.

The data acquisition unit returns the data in the form of

ASCII files.

FoRPRINTINGANDPRoCESSINGTHETEST

CERTIFICATES,WERECommENDTHE

FolloWINGSoFTWARE

AD225/005 casagrandedirectshear program

AD225/006 ad 225/005 expansionsoftware

fortestmeasuring

residualshearstrength

AD225/004 oedometricswelltest software

AD225/007 oedometrictest software

AD225/008 expansionsoftwarefor

cvand kdetermination

AD050/B32 triaxial uu, cu, cd software

AD225/014 directshearonannularspecimens

software

Eachprgraaybepurchasedindividuay.

Standard perating systeis WINDoWS. If data

acquisitinhardwareandsftwarearentsuppied,

testdataustbeinputbyhand.

Tecntestsdataacquisitinsysteischaracterised

byitsinnvative,highy-fexibeduardesign.

Aswe deadaiywithabratries,we haveenugh

experience t reaise that a hardware netwrk

designed teiinatethe prbesencunteredin

thecassicsysteswasnecessary.

Withthesesystes,infact,itisnecessarytdeterinevariuscriteria(suchasthenuberfchannestbe

activated,hw any apparatus wibe neededand

wheretcatetheintheabratry,asweasthe

engthfcaberequired),befreinstaatin.

Thisinevitabyresutseitherinunder-sizedsystes

beingchseninrdertkeepinitiacstsinvvedta

iniur,nthecntrary,ingingtunnecessary

expensetipeentver-sizedsystes.

Tecntesthasinsteaddesignedasystewhich,with

ainiainitiainvestent,canbesetuptsatisfy

individuarequireentsatanygivenent,whist

awing a virtuay uniited nuber f apparatus

andreevantdigitareadutunitstbeaddedtthe

netwrk:athatneedsbepurchasedisacnnectr

bck.


32/40

86

tecnotest1.2.3

ad 205/l

ad 050/001

ad 021/010 ad 021/001 ad 021/002 ad 021/003 ad 021/004

ad 021/012

ad 002

ad 002

ad 002

rs 232

ad 002

dataacquisition

advantagesofthegeotronicnetwork

Cstisprprtinatthenuberfchannes

The onl reall essential components are, in practice,the PC (unless one is alread available), the multipleer

for networ connection (AD 021/010), the CABLE (AD

021/012) and DATA ACQUISITION SOFTWARE (AD

050/001).

All that need be added are the connector bloc or blocs as

appropriate for the number of geotronic units to be used.

largeexpandibiity

The AD 021/010 multipleer enables between 1 and

32 channels to be activated (althouh it is possible to

have more multipleers connected to more RS 232 PC

interfaces) b simpl connectin other geotronic units

and relevant connector blocs.

Cputerisntdedicatedtthesyste

Althouh its initial function is to INPUT and start the

geotronic units, afterwards it ma be either turned off or

used for a different purpose. When switched on aain, a

chart showin data acquired so far ma be called up on

the video screen to chec proress or to conclude test

and store results on dis.

Getrnicunitsaybesuppiedat12VAC/DC

(thereb allowin a sstem to be set up usin relativelinepensive buffer batteries).

Adatacntinuusydispayedinreatie

Each measurement is displaed on the geotronic unit on

board the apparatus in enineerin units as taen, thereb

eliminatin the need to interroate the computer in order

to observe proress of the test.

Dataistransittedindigitafr

so that electrical interference on the cables is eliminatedand there is no loss of sinal.

Pssibefautsarerestrictedtthecaareain

whichtheyarise

Problems arisin in an iven geotronic ris jeopardisin

functions of the relevant channel onl while the rest of the

laborator remains unaffected.

Dataacquisitinanddataprcessingprgrasare

ttayseparate.

In other words, the Tecnotest data acquisition proram

OUTPUTS a FILE in ASCII format.

This FILE is then retrieved b an of the various Tecnotest

test prorams and then used for obtainin test certificates.

It is not absolutel essential however to use these prorams

in particular because the ASCII format file can be easil read

b an of the standard spreadsheet prorams (such as MS

Ecel) and ma be adapted to the various protocols in use

for the data processin prorams. Obviousl, this file can

be printed, edited, stored or processed usin the software

written b the user in his own lanuae and devised to suit

individual requirements.

Thus, since it is possible to connect to an ASCII format

proram, there is reater freedom of choice.

Widechicefsystecnfiguratin

Lenth of transducer cables no loner bein an impediment,

laborator and networ ma be composed and re-arraned

to best suit individual requirements.

potential

expandiBility

minimumconfiguration


33/40

87

tecnotest 1.2.3dataacquisition

tecnoanalisy

triaxialtestsoftware ad 050/B32

This software allows processin of data for three tpes oftests manain up to 4 samples: UU, CU and CD triaial tests,

saturation phase with calculation of B Sempton parameter,

displa of table with various phases of cell pressure and bac

pressure, consolidation phase with volume chane/time

ratio diaram, pore pressure dissipation/time lo diaram,

t100 calculation, consolidation coefficient, compressibilit

coefficient, permeabilit coefficient.

Durin triaial compression phase, the software calculates

cohesion and friction anle with processin, in raphic format,

of Mohr circles, stress/path diarams, neutral/strain pressure

(CU) diarams, tension/strain diarams, pore pressure/strain

(CU) diarams, volume chane/strain (CD) diarams.

Printout usin customers letter head and loo of test data,

diarams and results.

Software automaticall recovers test data acquired usin

Tecnotest Data Acquisition Software (or TDA) AD 050/001.

Software ma be used without AD 050/001 b introducin

test data b hand via the PC eboard and then proceedin

to process manuall acquired data.

The software also allows some customization.

All tests are saved in an MS Access data base.

Tha software also as per Ministerial circular EN 349/STC

(Ital).


34/40

88

1.2.3 tecnotest

consolidationtestanalog

version

digitalversionwithgeotronic

digitalversionwith uda

(page 92)

oedometer t 663/020

loadcell 20 c2 + weights 64 kg


loadcell 44,16 c2 + weights 160 kg



t 661 + t 661/10

t 661/1 + t 661/11

t 661/4 + t 661/12

t 661/2 + t 661/12

t 661/3 + t 661/13

benchforoedometersingleplaceBench (firstmodule)

extensionBench (singleplace)

alternative: threeplaceBench

t 663/050

t 663/060

t 662

strainmeasurementdialgauge: 10 (0.01)

transducer 10

(0.002 alt. 0.001))

geotronicdisplay/readoutunit

t 628/e1

ad 113/011

(alternative ad 100/011)

ad 002

ad 113/011

(alternative ad 100/011)

dataacquisitionnetworkconnectionunit

networkcaBle (10 long)

caBleextension (10 long)

3-wayconnectorBlock

dataacquisitionsoftware

ad 021/010

ad 021/012*

ad 021/003

ad 050/001

ad 308

andmultiplesof 8 channels

ad 021/015***

ad 050/001

dataprocessingoedometrictest software

cve kdetermination software

ad 225/007

ad 225/008

* Not necessar for a sinle connector bloc

** Diital dial aue (0.01 mm) without data acquisition

DV 923/10 - 10 mm travel; DV 923/30 - 30 mm travel

*** At least one cable etension for each sensor

Buyersguide

consolidation


35/40

89

tecnotest 1.2.4directshear

directsheartestanalog

version

digitalversionwith

geotronic

digital

versionwithuda

(page 92)

testapparatus t 665/n

shearBox60 x60 - 36 c2 + cutter + weights (31.5 kg)

shearBoxdiam. 67.7 - 36 c2 + cutter + weights (31.5 kg)

shearBoxdiam. 63.5 - 31 c2 + cutter + weights (31.5 kg)

shear

Box

100x

100 - 100 c

2

+cutter

+weights

(78.75 kg)adaptorforfittingthesmallerBoxesinthelarge

housingof t 666/1

t 666 + t 666/a + t 660/6

t 666/4 + t 666/d + t 660/6

t 666/2 + t 666/5 + t 660/6

t 666/1 + t 666/B + t 660/7

t 666/12

loadmeasurementprovingring: 3 kn

(shearBoxes t 666 -t 666/2 -t 666/4)

provingring: 6 kn (shearBoxt 666/1)

electricloadcell: 5 kn


BB 003 alt. Ba 003

BB 006 alt. Ba 006

ap 032/005

ad 002

ap 032/005

strainmeasurement**dialgauge: 10 (0.01) - vertical

dialgauge: 30 (0.01) - horizontal

transducer 25 (0.01)geotronicdisplay/readoutunit

t 628/e1

t 628/e

ad 115/026 (x2)ad 002 (x2)

ad 115/026 (x2)

dataacquisitionnetworkconnectionunit

caBle (10 long)

caBleextension (10 long)

3-wayconnectorBlock

dataacquisitionsoftware

ad 021/010

ad 021/012*

ad 021/003

ad 050/001

ad 308 and

multiplesof 8

channels

ad 021/015***

ad 050/001

dataprocessingdirectshear software

residualshear software

ad 225/005

ad 225/006

* Not necessar for a sinle connector bloc

** Diital dial aue (0.01 mm) without data acquisition

DV 923/10 - 10 mm travel; DV 923/30 - 30 mm travel


Buyersguide


36/40

90

tecnotest1.2.4 triaxialtest

* Multipl these components b 3 to obtain test confiuration with 3 triaial cells.

** AD 021/012 not necessar for confiuration with one triaial cell onl.

1 AD 021/002, 2 AD 021/003, 2 AD 021/012 are necessar for confiuration with three triaial cells.

For performin a simple UU TRIAxIAL TEST the followin equipment are not necessar:

Pore pressure measurement, volume chane measurement, constant pressure sources, air compressor.

It is sufficient to bu the it TR 301 - TR 301/002 - TR 301/004 - TR 301/006 - TR 301/008 (see pae 78).

The followin accessories for the cell are not necessar: TR 205/009 - TR 205/004 - TR 205/010 - N 204.


Buyersguide

triaxialtest (uu.cu.cd)minimumconfiguration, comprisingonetriaxialcell

analog

version

digital

versionwithgeotronic

digital

versionwith uda(page 92)

loadframe (50 kn structure) tr 115

optionalBenchincompletion tr 115/B

stressandstrainmeasurementprovingring: 2 kn

dialgauge: 30 (0.01 )

loadcell: 5 kn


transducer 25 (0.01)


BB 002 alt. Ba 002

t 628/e

ap 032/005

ad 002

ad 115/026

ad 002

ap 032/005

ad 115/026

cellandaccessoriestriaxialcell

pedestal

topcapwithdrainage

Basedisc

suctionsleevestretcher

memBrane

(30pieces

)o-ring (30 pieces)

porousdisc (notnecessaryfor uu test)

filterdrain (50 pieces) (notnecessaryfor uu test)

dia. 38.1

* tr 205

* tr 205/001

* tr 205/002

* tr 205/003

tr 205/006

tr 205/007

tr 205/018

* tr 205/009 (x2)

tr 205/010

dia. 50

* tr 205

* tr 205/041

* tr 205/042

* tr 205/043

tr 205/036

tr 205/037

tr 205/038

* tr 205/049 (x2)

tr 205/040

dia. 100

* tr 207

* tr 207/011

* tr 207/012

* tr 207/013

tr 207/006

tr 207/017

tr 207/018

* tr 207/019 (x2)

tr 207/020

samplepreparationsampler

rackandpinionsampleextruderBenchmodel

twopartsplitmould

electric automatic lathe (not necessary for uu

test)

threepartsplitformer (notnecessaryfor uu test)

dia. 38.1

n 205

n 210

tr 205/005

n 204

tr 205/004

dia. 50

n 206

n 210

tr 205/045

n 204 + n 204/d

tr 205/044

dia. 100

n 208

n 210

tr 207/016

n 204 + n 204/i

tr 207/014

(4 part)


37/40

91

tecnotest tecnotest 1.2.4triaxialtest

triaxialtest (uu.cu.cd)minimumconfiguration, comprisingonetriaxialcell

analog

version

digital

versionwithgeotronic

digital

versionwithuda(page 92)

porepressuremeasurementdigitalmanometer

electrictransducer (0-1000 kpa)

de-airingBlock


* tr 305/030

* tr 205/510

* tr 205/500

* tr 205/510

* ad 002

* tr 205/500

* tr 205/510

volumechangemeasurementvolumechangemeasurementdevice

dialgauge: 30 (0.01)

transducer 25 (0.01)


* tr 440/st

* t 628/e

* tr 440/st

*

soil and rock equipment

Documents