sociology functionalist perspective conflict perspective interactionist perspective
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SociologySociologyFunctionalist PerspectiveFunctionalist Perspective
Conflict PerspectiveConflict Perspective
Interactionist PerspectiveInteractionist Perspective
What is Sociology?What is Sociology?
the study of the origin, development, organization, and functioning of human society; the science of the fundamental laws of social relations, institutions, etc.
Functionalist PerspectiveFunctionalist Perspective
view society as a set of interrelated parts that work together to produce a stable social system
people agree on what is best for society and work together to ensure that the social system runs smoothly
Functionalist PerspectiveFunctionalist Perspective
Auguste Comte“father of sociology”focused on social order and social change
social statics – holds society together
social dynamics – social change through definite process
Functionalist PerspectiveFunctionalist Perspective
Herbert Spencerinfluenced by Darwinorganic analogy – people are to society like body organs are to the body
believed social Darwinism – weak parts of society will die off
Functionalist PerspectiveFunctionalist Perspective
Emile Durkheim social order believed society was a set of
interdependent parts that maintain the system through time
believed only observable phenomena which can be tested
social facts – facts cannot be derived from nor explained solely by the study of separate individuals
Conflict PerspectiveConflict Perspective
focus on the forces of society that promotes competition and change
competition over scarce resources is at the basis of social conflict
social change is an inevitable feature of society
Conflict PerspectiveConflict Perspective
Karl Marx believed the structure of society is
influenced by how its economy is organized
society is divided into 2 classes: bourgeoisie – the capitalists, the
haves, the owners of production proletariats – the workers, the
have-nots, the producers
Conflict PerspectiveConflict Perspective
Karl Marx cont. imbalance in power would lead to conflict between the two classes
the proletariats would revolt and overthrow bourgeoisie.
Then the proletariats would build a classless society
Interactionist Interactionist PerspectivePerspective
Interactionist Perspective focus on how individuals
interact with one another in society
interested in the meanings that individuals attach to their own actions and to the actions of others
Interactionist Perspective cont.interested in how individuals respond to one another in everyday situations
interested in the role symbols play in our daily lives
Interactionist Interactionist PerspectivePerspective
So…what is a symbol?
A symbol is - anything that represents something else.
meaning is given to symbols by society
Interactionist Interactionist PerspectivePerspective
Max Weber interested in separate groups within
society rather than society as a whole Verstehen – an attempt to understand
the meaning individuals attach to their actions. (Putting yourself in someone else’s shoes)
Ideal type – essential characteristics of a feature of society