Sociology

Foundations of Sociology The Sociological Perspective

Bell Work Grab Books, folder, and paper from

back Be ready to read Sociology of

Bananas!!

Days Learning Objectives

Define Sociology and examine the components of the sociological perspective

Learn how social marginality/crisis encourage people to use the sociological perspective

Explain the importance of a global perspective for sociology

Sociology? What is it?

Sociology is the systematic study of human society

Also the relationship between the individual and society

Sociological Perspective

Is the heart of Sociological viewpoints

Helps people do three key sociological things. See the general in the Particular See The strange in the familiar See personal Choice in Social Context

Seeing the General in the Particular

Sociologists look for general patterns in the behavior of particular people.

Belief that society shapes the lives of its members

Examples? Marriage Example: Read Pg. 2 Can you think of another example in

school? Boys vs. Girls Private school vs. Public?

Seeing the Strange in the Familiar Sociologists look at how society really has

many of the “true” links for our behavior What may look simple/easy to understand

may in-fact, be strange. Marriage Example?

Many people have the idealistic perception that only those that are in love marry.

Is that really true? TPS College Example (pgs. ¾)

Is attending college (for everyone) simply a matter of personal choice? TPS

Seeing Personal Choice in Social Context Looking at how society truly shapes

personal choices Belief that social integration influences

personal choices Women’s Childbearing (look @ pg.4

map) Is it really a personal choice? What factors influence this?

Suicide Why are whites and unmarried higher?

Anchor Work

Task #1 Read/answer critical thinking on pg.7

Bell Work

Get Book Task #2

Read/answer critical thinking on pg.7 Answer questions and TPS w/ table

partner

Critical Thinking

How are personal troubles different from public issues?

Not different, caused by society Living in U.S., why do we often

blame ourselves for the personal problems we face?

Individualistic, not thinking in terms of society/history

Using socio imagination, how do we gain power over our world?

See the overall relationship of what is going on in the world, as well as their own lives.

Marginality and Crisis Marginality and Crisis help clear the vision on

how society shapes individual lives. Marginality: sort of an outside looking in

Greater a person’s marginality to a group, the better they are able use the socio. Perspective

Race, gender, sexual preference and effects? Outside looking in on an old group or any group? Think Mean Girls!?!? What happen in that movie?

Crisis Puts people off-balance and forces them to use

the sociological perspective Read thinking critically (pg.7 and answer ?s in

head)

Importance of a Global Perspective

Global Perspective Study of the larger world and our

society’s place in it. Importance

Technology reaching all over the world is bringing societies closer than ever.

Position of our society in the world will affect everyone in the U.S.

Importance of a Global Perspective

3 Types of Nations High-income: nations w/ highest overall

standards of living Produce most of worlds goods/services, own most

wealth Middle-income: nations w/ an average

standard of living Lots of social inequality

Low-income: nations w/ a low standard of living in which most people are poor

Global perspective is important for 4 reasons

1) Where we live makes a great difference in shaping our lives

1) Think of Women’s birthrates around the world2) Societies the World over are increasingly

interconnected1) Trade and technology has increased this

3) Many human problems faced in the U.S are far more serious elsewhere

1) Gender equality and poverty are both issues of greater importance than in the U.S.

4) Thinking globally helps us learn more about ourselves

1) Comparing life in various settings can lead to valuable lessons

Lesson Closing: Task #3 Thinking Globally (pg.8)

Statistics Surprise you? Which ones? Why?

How do you think the lives of poor people in low income countries differ from typical U.S. people

Is your “choice” to attend college affected by the country in which you live? How?

Friday Bell Work

Grab Book and folder Finish task #3 Have Role of Influence out and

ready to go over Share your answers with a partner Share some with the class

Applying the Sociological Perspective

Application is useful in 3 main ways Guides laws/policies that shape lives Leads to personal growth & expanded

awareness Preparation for the world @ work

Sociologists help shape public

policies/laws/regulations By exposing inequalities, injustices in

systems Racial Desegregation School Busing Divorce Regulations

Pre-late 80s Study by Lenore Weitzman Revealed statistics about post marriage standards

of living Led to state policies that increased women’s

claims to marital property, and increased alimony paid to child holder.

Sociology & Personal Growth

Can help make us more active and aware, and to think more critically in our daily lives Helps asses the truth of “common sense” Helps asses both opportunities/constraints in

our lives Think of the movie “21”

Empowers citizens to be active participants in society

Helps us to live in a more diverse world

Sociological Advantage?

Why is a background in Sociology a good prep for a working world? Increased ways of thinking

Understanding in how people differ Ability to deal w/different people

Task #4: Applying Sociology:

Nickel and Dimed

Have you ever held a low-wage job? Was the work hard? Pay?

What do you think the statement means?

Do low wage workers have a chance at college? Why? Why not?

Lesson Closing

L-J#1 Homework

To Turn in Monday Think of 5 jobs you’d like

Identify ways in which a background in sociology would increase your chances of success in each.

Origins of Sociology

Bell Work: Monday First 10 Min.’s Get a book Task #4: Think of 5 jobs you’d like

to have when you grow up Identify ways in which a background in

sociology would increase your chances of success in each.

Be ready to share w/class

Origins of Sociology

3 important changes Rise of Factory based industrial

economy Weakened community life

Growth of Cities Urbanization led to migrant social problems

Pollution, crime, homelessness

Political Changes: Fights for Liberties Examples?

Origins of Society

Auguste Comente: French social thinker Coined Sociology as a new way to look at

how society operates Positivism: understanding of society

based on science. 3 Stages of Historical Development

Theological Stage Metaphysical Stage Scientific

Karl Marx

Read: “In the Times” pg.16.17 Answer in folders as Task #5 Why do you think suicide rates are

higher in rural areas than cities? Do these findings support Durkheim’s

Theory? Why or why not? (pg.5) Social ties reduces suicide rates

What steps could be taken to reduce the rate of suicide in rural areas

Lesson Closing

Read from chosen book. Or……… Put away books and folders

Look at the jobs you wrote down for Task #4 and see if that would maybe be someone you are interested in interviewing for your project

Make sure you bring your books/ideas tomorrow so you are ready in the m/c

Bell Work (10 minutes for BW)

Get Book and journal Have 5 jobs Task ready and out to

share Think of something you would like to

know relating to people and society. Could be how certain groups work, how

people look at each other, how people adjust, etc.

Form that into a statement on how one thing may relate to another

Sociological Theory What is a theory?

Statement of how/why specific facts are related

Examples? Mine and yours? Greater autonomy/freedom will result in a higher

rate of suicide among Americans Teens in areas with higher poverty rates will have a

greater vulnerability to having a criminal record What are its goals?

Explain social behavior in the real world Can you think of some applicable theories

by looking at our school as a society?

Sociological Theory Based on Theoretical Approaches

What is a theoretical approach? Two basic ?’s

What issues should we study How should we connect the facts?

Structural-Functional

View of Society? Society as a complex system whose

parts work together to promote solidarity/stability

2 Important Looks Believes lives guided by social

structures Each Structure has social functions to

keep society going

Structural-Functional Key Figures:

Comte, Emile Durkheim, Herbert Spencer

Robert Merton’s Concepts Manifest Functions Latent Functions Social Dysfunction

U.S. college system example Declining population…Why?

Lesson Closing

L-J #2 Task #7

Summarize the main idea and sub-points of the structural-functional approach

Use complete sentences

Bell Work

Get book and folder Task #8:

Read Thinking about diversity, pg.19 Will Answer later

3 Major Theoretical Approaches

Social-Conflict

Sees society as an arena of inequality Key Figures

Karl Marx, Harriet Martineau, Jane Addams Goals

Attempts to understand society/reduce social inequality

Investigates societies links b.t. social class, race, gender, and age and its unequal distribution of money, power, and education

Social-Conflict Two main types

Gender-Conflict: inequality in men/women Closely linked to Feminism Increases Awareness

Examples: Roles in home/workplace

Race-Conflict: Inequality in race/ethnicities White Power? W.E.B. Du Bois Key contributor

Popularity? Read Thinking about diversity: Answer in

Folders

Task #8:Thinking about diversity What would he say today?

He would be extremely pleased about Obama, but he would still say there’s a bit of a “double conscious” still going on with people of color today

How much “double consciousness” is still experienced?

I think many people of color still have that; how many times was Obama “anointed” and deemed the representative of his race, and how many times was race still made an issue!?!?!

What ways can it help? Can often help give us a different perspective to look

at and attempt to understand. By attempting to understand and accepting there is conflict, we can look for solutions!

Symbolic Interaction Sees society as product of basic everyday

life Idea that people create the reality they

experience as they interact Macro-Level Approaches Micro-Level Approach Key Figures

Max Weber, George Herbert Mead, Ervin Goffman

Weaknesses: Micro approach can ignore influence of larger

structures like culture, class, gender, and race

Task #9: In complete Sentences: Go over 2morro What is a theory?

Statement of how/why specific facts are related What 2 ?’s asked by a theoretical approach?

What issues to study & how to connect the facts Who coined term Sociology?

Auguste Comente What are the 3 stages of historical development?

Theological, metaphysical, scientific What are the Three Theoretical Approaches?

Explain one Symbolic Interaction, Social Conflict, Structural-Functional

What is difference between micro/macro approaches?

Bell Work Bellwork

Get books, folders, and have Task 9 ready

L-J #3 Schedule

Finish Ch.1 “Thinking it through” Clicker #2

Applying Approaches:Sociology of Sports

Functions of Sports: Pays attention to ways sports help society

function Sports & Conflict:

Analysis that sports are linked to social inequality

Sports as interactions Sees sports less as a system and more as

a process

Lesson Closing

Task #10 Read/Answer Thinking it Through

Fill In any Vocabulary words not defined yet!

Vocabulary Game!!!!!

Vocabulary Charades/Pictionary

Split in teams of two You will get 2-3 vocabulary terms a person You may not let your teammates see what

you are doing (you won’t know your teams until after you have prepared your vocab. Words)

Present them and your team needs to guess them! Winner gets prize!!

Bell Work

2 Team competition in Charades/pictionary

Finish any vocabulary Chapter Review for tomorrow Test Tuesday!